Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Moataza Abdel Wahab Author-Name-First: Moataza Author-Name-Last: Abdel Wahab Author-Email: moatazamahmoud@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University Author-Name: Fahmy Charle Author-Name-First: Fahmy Author-Name-Last: Charle Author-Email: fahmycharl@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: High Institute of PubliHealth Title: Cost-Benefit Analysis of Ergonomic Program for Management of Low back Problems among Office Workers Abstract: Low back problems are emerging as important work-related health disorders especially among computer office workers with substantial cost. The most prominent feature, of these conditions, is low back pain (LBP).The present study was designed to investigate low back problems among office workers in relation to ergonomic factors at work and to analyze cost-benefit of a suggested ergonomic program for management of this problem. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the office work department in a petroleum company in the Western desert. The study included 120 office workers. All participants were subjected to a predesigned questionnaire emphasizing occupational history, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, and ergonomic checklist for subjective assessment. The LBP was defined whether non-specific, radiating, persistent specific, or chronic. A parallel objective assessment of the computer desk workstations (n = 62), which were shared by workers, was carried out by experienced ergonomists with the same previous checklist. Medical records were reviewed for assessment of the cost of low back problems in the years (2007-2009).The cost of a suggested ergonomic program was calculated for 3 years according to the market price in order to calculate cost-benefit ratio of such a program in prevention of LBP. Results showed that 61% of the examined workers gave history of LBP within the previous 3 years and clinical signs were detected in 32% of the workers. There were no significant differences between subjective and objective assessments of the different items scores of the ergonomic checklist. The lowest mean scores were reported for the chair and the work habits and training, both were negatively correlated with LBP intensity and duration. The suggested ergonomic program entails correction of the defective items to meet the standard ergonomic healthy criteria, provision of 6 periodic ergonomic training programs and enforcement of healthy work and life style habits. The final cost-benefit ratio of the ergonomic program for management of LBP among office workers of the present study was 1: 3.67 which is considered cost beneficial. Properly designed ergonomic programs are cost beneficial in management of LBP among office workers. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 1-1 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=1&rid=229 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200229 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Cost-benefit analysis, Low back problems, Office workers, Ergonomics, Ergonomic checklist. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Noraida Abdul Ghani Author-Name-First: Noraida Author-Name-Last: Abdul Ghani Author-Email: noraida@usm.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia Author-Name: Zulkarnain Ahmad Hatta Author-Name-First: Zulkarnain Author-Name-Last: Ahmad Hatta Author-Email: haqqani@usm.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia Author-Name: Intan Hashimah Mohd Hashim Author-Name-First: Intan Hashimah Author-Name-Last: Mohd Hashim Author-Email: hashimah@usm.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia Author-Name: Jasni Sulong Author-Name-First: Jasni Author-Name-Last: Sulong Author-Email: jasni@usm.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia Author-Name: Nor Diana Mohd Mahudin Author-Name-First: Nor Diana Author-Name-Last: Mohd Mahudin Author-Email: nordianamm@iium.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: International Islamic University Malaysia Author-Name: Shukran Abd Rahman Author-Name-First: Shukran Author-Name-Last: Abd Rahman Author-Email: drshuk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: International Islamic University Malaysia Author-Name: Zarina Mat Saad Author-Name-First: Zarina Author-Name-Last: Mat Saad Author-Email: zms@uum.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Utara Malaysia Title: Crowd behaviour in a ritual based mass gathering and reliability of scale measurement Abstract: Hajj is an annual mass gathering of Muslim pilgrims in Mecca. The understanding of crowd behaviour during this ritual based mass gathering from the psychosocial perspective is inadequately highlighted in the literature. Based on the initial interviews with pilgrims, three main components of crowd behaviour were identified: observable crowd behaviour, emotion and cognitive. This paper reports on the subscales identified and the reliability of the questionnaires that were developed and pilot-tested to measure the three components. The subjects of the survey included 203 respondents during pre-Hajj training at three different locations in the country. Using explanatory factor analysis with principle axes factoring, 7 subscales of observable crowd behaviour components, 5 subscales of emotion components and 4 subscales of cognitive components were identified. Subscales of observable crowd behaviour included aggressive behaviour, coping behaviour, defensive behaviour, avoidance behaviour, protective behaviour, tolerant behaviour and hazardous behaviour. Subscales of emotion included positive emotion, negative emotion, positive comfortable emotion, negative comfortable emotion and positive spiritual emotion. The four subscales of cognitive included spiritual thoughts, negative thoughts of others, thoughts on Hajj Management and thoughts of safety. Using internal consistency method (Cronbach?s alpha coefficient), all subscales have acceptable reliabilities except for protective, tolerant and hazardous behaviours. Majority of the subscales have spearmen correlation values below 0.3 suggesting substantial independence of the subscales. The results of the study contribute to the enhancement of the dimensions of the behaviour of pilgrims in a ritual based crowd. However, further research is warranted with the scale in order to improve its reliability and to test its validity. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 2-3 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=2&rid=714 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200714 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Crowd behaviour, scale meaurement, reliability, validity Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200714 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Akihiro Abe Author-Name-First: Akihiro Author-Name-Last: Abe Author-Email: abe@iwate-pu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Iwate Prefectural University Title: Tourism Information Services Design Based on Participatory Approach: The Case of Cultural Heritage Tourism in Japan Abstract: The purpose of this study is to discuss the design of new tourism information services through a case of the Hiraizumi world heritage site in Japan that was registered in 2011. As it promotes tourism through the world heritage registration, Hiraizumi is operating on the major premise that it will safeguard its cultural heritage while also placing importance on developing systems for accepting a diverse range of tourists using the universal design perspective. When doing so there are limits to facility refurbishment and infrastructure development so the town focused its attention on support for information aspects, or in other words support using ICT. Going forward as individual travel becomes more mainstream the ways in which new value is created in cultural tourism are likely to include (1) transmission of the value of the cultural heritage in collaboration with humanities researchers and (2) development of tourist areas in which excursions on foot are possible and information transmission. Most of the cultural heritage of Hiraizumi has been lost. Hiraizumi?s value will not be experienced by simply examining the extant remains. Their recreation and visualization through extended and composite reality technology is anticipated, not only in the academic study of cultural properties, but also in promoting tourism. The strongest demand is for reconstruction and visualization of archaeological sites using augmented reality/mixed reality technologies. Researchers and technicians tend to focus on the pursuit of reality and historical accuracy but when using these technologies for tourism the care should be taken over the cost-effectiveness of system operation in particular. Also, the approach of grasping general tour excursion trends from big data in tourist guide services using mobile phones, and linking that to environmental maintenance of tour sites to be enjoyed by walking, is very interesting from the point of view of community development. We discuss the role and possibilities of new tourism information services based on participatory approach. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 4-4 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=3&rid=1353 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201353 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Tourism, ICT Services, Participatory Design, Cultural Heritage Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: PRINCE ABRAH BOAMAH Author-Name-First: PRINCE Author-Name-Last: ABRAH BOAMAH Author-Email: prinscon@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Univserity of Ghana, Legon Title: The Transition from Juvenile Delinquency to Adulthood Criminality in Ghana; the prediposing factors Abstract: The study seeks to investigate the social factors explaining persistence and desistance from crime as juvenile delinquents transition to adulthood. Specifically, it examines to what extent socio-demographic factors, labeling and the criminal justice system reinforces crime over the life course. The study further determines whether the patterns of offending and desistance from crime differ for men and women over a life time. The question of which social factors modify the tendency to persist or deist form crime is also addressed. Although the causes of crime and delinquency have been studied extensively in Ghanaian literature, in the actual sense, there is a knowledge gap on what social forces affect persistent offending behavior through adulthood. The study contributes to criminological literature on crime and the life course by presenting qualitative narrative accounts of juvenile delinquents who have transitioned to adulthood criminality and determining from the patterns of their experiences what forces within the social domains shaped their criminal trajectory. To achieve this goal, the study will rely on qualitative research method by engaging respondents in an in-depth interview session. Data would be collected from 40 adults (Males & Females) who have persisted and desisted from crime to adulthood and ten prisons officer working in the state correctional centers. Thus, 20 out of the 40 respondents will be sampled from the Nsawam Medium Security Prisons while the remaining (20 adults) will involve those once delinquents but have desisted from crime living in their private homes. The ten prisons officers will also be interviewed to share their views on the extent to which the programmes run by the prisons service effectively address the problem of youth re offending in Ghana. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 5-5 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=4&rid=659 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200659 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Juvenile Delinquency, Persistence, Life course Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200659 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ruchi Agarwal Author-Name-First: Ruchi Author-Name-Last: Agarwal Author-Email: ruchi.aga@mahidol.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: Hinduism transformed or Preserved? A Case study of Hindu Diaspora in Thailand Abstract: In this paper I would like to argue that Hinduism is vague and broad and thus leaves a lot of room for changes. Hindus preserve their local traditions and make amendments depending on the situation in the host country. The paper attempts to study the Hindu Diasporic community in Thailand, a country with strong Hindu presence. The main focus is on the transformations Hinduism has gone through over time in a country sharing a long history of over 2000 years of trade links with India and a strong influence of Hinduism still evident today. Although the Hindu diasporic community constitutes only a small fraction of the total population of Thailand, the evidences of strong Hindu influences on the religious beliefs, ceremonies, arts, and scriptures on Thai culture makes the case of Hindu diaspora in Thailand an interesting one to study. Hindu diaspora is an important group contributing immensely to the local environment and has been understudied in the past. The paper aims to fill this gap by presenting Thailand as a home away from home for the Hindu diaspora. Hinduism has gone through several transformations in this country however important elements, central to the traditional Hindu beliefs remain unchanged. The paper will be divided into three parts: history of Hinduism and its presence in Southeast Asia; the transformation in Hindu beliefs in a foreign land; and the extent to which traditions have been preserved among the diasporic community. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 6-19 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=5&rid=687 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200687 Classification-JEL: Z12 Keywords: Beliefs, Diaspora, Hinduism, Thailand, Traditions Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200687 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ruchi Agarwal Author-Name-First: Ruchi Author-Name-Last: Agarwal Author-Email: ruchi.aga@mahidol.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: Shifting Roles of Women: Through the lens of Bollywood Abstract: Men in most societies were seen as breadwinners while role of women was restricted to being a good homemaker and a good mother. This applies to women in a highly patriarchal society of India. As societies entered the world of modernization, the role of women changed dramatically. Media played an important role in the modernization of societies and greatly affected the image of women in today?s modern world. A number of researches have been done on the role of women in different societies. However little has been said about the importance of movies in portraying women in shifting roles over different decades and the impact it has on societies in general. Over past decades, Indian cinema has witnessed a significant transformation in the way women are portrayed through movies. Contemporary movies portray women as more independent, confident, and career oriented This article deals with these fast changing role of women portrayed in Indian cinema and its influence on the patriarchal Indian society with a focus on some representative Bollywood movies. The aim is to link the changing character played by women in movies with the emerging status of women in India, as movies are a reflection of changes in the social structure. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 20-31 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=6&rid=762 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200762 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Bollywood, India, Movies, Roles, Women Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200762 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Elif Akben Selcuk Author-Name-First: Elif Author-Name-Last: Akben Selcuk Author-Email: elif.akben@khas.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Kadir Has University Title: Financial literacy: A review of literature Abstract: Financial education programs that are being conducted in many countries are relatively new. Therefore, literature on financial literacy is also a developing field which has not yet reached maturity. This paper provides a review current research on financial literacy and identifies gaps in the literature. The paper begins by discussing attempts to define financial literacy. The three dimensions of the financial literacy -financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and financial behavior- are discussed in detail and the interrelationships between these three dimensions are presented. The impact of financial knowledge on attitudes and on actual financial behavior is given special emphasis. Second, literature on the measurement of financial literacy is presented including attempts to come up with a financial literacy scale with desirable psychometric properties. Then, research on determinants of financial literacy is reviewed. Demographic and socio-economic variables as well as psychological and motivational factors are reviewed as potential determinants of financial literacy. The impact of financial literacy on financial well-being, retirement savings, or credit card debt is also discussed. Studies focusing on retirees, working adults, and students are separately presented. Finally, financial education efforts in several countries are discussed and findings from developed and developing countries are compared. The paper concludes with policy recommendations and suggestions for further research. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 32-32 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=7&rid=625 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200625 Classification-JEL: D14, D12 Keywords: financial literacy; financial education; financial research Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200625 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ömer Akku? Author-Name-First: Ömer Author-Name-Last: Akku? Author-Email: omerakkus68@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: Taner Sekmen Author-Name-First: Taner Author-Name-Last: Sekmen Author-Email: tsekmen@ogu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Eski?ehir Osmangazi University Author-Name: ?lyas ??klar Author-Name-First: ?lyas Author-Name-Last: ??klar Author-Email: isiklar@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Title: Competitive Conditions in the Turkish Banking Systems Abstract: In this paper, we investigate competition in Turkish banking sector over the period 2003? 2012. In order to understand the competitive condition in Turkish banking sector, we use the well-known Panzar-Rosse model based on a nonstructural estimation of the H-statistic by employing the quarterly panel data set. The emprical evidences indicate that the Turkish banking sector operates under conditions of monopolistic competition. Therefore, although there have been growing structural changes in the Turkish banking sector since 2000s, there is no remarkable change in the market structure of the Turkish banking sector and it can still be characterized by the monopolistic competition. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 33-33 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=8&rid=1494 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201494 Classification-JEL: D00, G28, L10 Keywords: Competition, H-Statistic, Panzar-Rosse Model, Turkish Banking Sector Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201494 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Munira Al-Siyabi Author-Name-First: Munira Author-Name-Last: Al-Siyabi Author-Email: Muniraal-Siyabi.rus@cas.edu.om Author-Workplace-Name: Rustaq College of Applied Sciences Author-Name: Dalal Al-Shekaili Author-Name-First: Dalal Author-Name-Last: Al-Shekaili Author-Email: Dalalal-shekaili.rus@cas.edu.om Author-Workplace-Name: Rustaq College of Applied Sciences Title: The Current Ideologies in ELT Programme in CAS- Rustaq and Its Implications Abstract: "Phillipson (1996) considers NNESTs to be potentially the ideal ESL teachers because they have gone through the process of acquiring English as an additional language." Even though the above quotation indicates that nonnative English second language teachers are in better stand than native teachers, Omani community is complaining of the inadequate level of new graduates Omani teachers. Al-Mutawa and Kailani (1989) mention that if the teachers lack the "practical command of the target language", they will not be able to teach communicatively (cited in Al-Issa, 2001, p. 7). This paper aims to study the causes of the inadequate level of English student teachers in Omani context. It discusses various ideologies on which the educational system in CAS-Rustaq is based. These ideologies make a fixed framework implemented in training students as teachers, but which in itself looks problematic. One of the main ideologies is methodology knowledge that outweighs language knowledge. The study focuses on both student teachers' and inspectors' perceptions on ELT programme delivered in CAS- Rustaq in order to provide competent NNLT for the Omani schools."Interrelated questionnaire and interview" were employed in ordered to gather the data needed to answer the two main questions of the study (Dornyei, 2007, p. 24). These questions are 1) What are the ideologies of ELT programme delivered in CAS- Rustaq? 2) What are the student teachers' and inspectors' perceptions on ELT programme delivered in CAS- Rustaq? The initial findings of this study reveal a gap between what the student teachers should be equipped with and what they are provided with in ELT programme. The study recommends reviewing ELT programme to meet the needs of competent non-native English teacher. Length: 21 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 34-54 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=9&rid=1688 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201688 Classification-JEL: Keywords: NNESTSs - ideologies - methodology - language content Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201688 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: KHODRAN AL-ZAHRANI Author-Name-First: KHODRAN Author-Name-Last: AL-ZAHRANI Author-Email: khodran@ksu.edu.sa Author-Workplace-Name: KING SAID UNIVERSITY Author-Name: MIRZA BAIG Author-Name-First: MIRZA Author-Name-Last: BAIG Author-Email: MBBAIG@KSU.EDU.SA Author-Workplace-Name: KING SAUD UNIVERSITY Title: Food Waste in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Need for Extension Education Programs to Increase Public Awareness Abstract: Food waste has been recognized all over the world and in Saudi Arabia too as one the prime factors limiting food security. The food is wasted through the entire food chain: by farmers, food industries, retailers, caterers and by consumers. The factors responsible and reasons causing such losses include: lack of awareness, lack of shopping planning, left-overs, and losses in households, restaurants, parties and occasions. Roughly about 40-50 % of all food ready for harvest never reaches to the consumers. According to the US environmental protection agency, food leftovers are the single-largest component of the waste stream. Food waste includes uneaten food and food preparation leftovers from residences or households, restaurants, schools, cafeterias etc. By 2075, the United Nation's mid-range projection for global population growth predicts that human numbers will peak at about 9.5 billion people. This means that there could be an extra three billion mouths to feed by the end of the century. The situation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is more crucial and difficult for several reasons; firstly the country imports almost all of its food needs. Secondly since 1990, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has been among the countries suffering from severe water shortage. Despite the country is facing an acute scarcity of water resources and witnesses over growing population yet has successfully managed to achieve the self-sufficiency levels in several food commodities. The kingdom spends a significant portion of its budget on importing huge volumes of food commodities and makes them available to its citizens at the highly subsidized rates. Above all, the Saudis as a nation are very hospitable and food lovers. Also the culture in the KSA is based on festivals and huge quantities of food are being served. All these factors lead to a lot of food waste. At the moment, the wastefulness has reached to a level where food is thought to be the number one contributor to the waste in landfills. There is a great need to reduce the food waste in the KSA by adopting different ways, means and strategies. Although complete prevention seems difficult yet food waste can be reduced significantly by increasing public awareness on the food and water situation in the Kingdom through a national comprehensive campaign and vibrant extension education programs. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 55-55 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=10&rid=895 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200895 Classification-JEL: A13, A00, A13 Keywords: food waste, imports, subsidies, dietary behaviors, awareness, extension education, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200895 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mingchu (Neal) Lou Author-Name-First: Mingchu (Neal) Author-Name-Last: Lou Author-Email: mluo@emporia.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Emporia State University Author-Name: Nancy Albrecht Author-Name-First: Nancy Author-Name-Last: Albrecht Author-Email: nalbrech@emporia.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Emporia State University Author-Name: Steven Neill Author-Name-First: Steven Author-Name-Last: Neill Author-Email: sneill@emporia.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Emporia State University Title: The Importance of Data Literacy in Leadership Education: Factors Related to Data Use in Instructional Leadership Abstract: In an era of increased accountability and high-stakes testing, school principals need to think very differently about instructional leadership, and to use data to inform instructional practice. Reinforcing data use for decision making in education promotes continuous improvement of student academic performance. Using the theoretical framework of information use environments, this study examined principals? use of data in instructional leadership and identified factors related to data use. Using the theoretical framework of information use environments, this study examined 183 principals? use of data in instructional leadership in a Midwest state in the US and identified the factors related to data use. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which high school principals use data in instructional leadership, and to identify factors in the principals? work environments that may affect their data use in instructional leadership. The guiding research questions were: 1) To what extent do high school principals use data in addressing the administrative problems of instructional leadership? and, 2) What are the factors in principals? Information Use Environment that influence their data use in instructional leadership? Survey results indicate that data were frequently used by the principals for instructional leadership. Principals? data literacy including perceptions of data quality and data analysis skills significantly predicted their frequency of data use in instructional leadership. School district?s requirement of data-driven decision making, data accessibility, and school team of data analyses did not seem to serve as the significant predictors. Results provide insights and implications guiding data literacy education in school leader preparation. This research will help school leadership educators and district administrators better understand the factors affecting data use in instructional leadership. It will further assist school leadership educators to recognize the importance of educating information literacy in school leader preparation. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 56-56 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=11&rid=1482 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201482 Classification-JEL: I21, I28, I29 Keywords: principal, data use, instructional leadership, data literacy, data-driven decision making Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alhasan Allamnakarah Author-Name-First: Alhasan Author-Name-Last: Allamnakarah Author-Email: ayalmnekrah@kau.edu.sa Author-Workplace-Name: Program of educational studies- King Abdulaziz university Title: Saudi High School Teachers ? Recipients, Agents or Partners in Implementation of Saudi Education Reforms? A Case Study Exploring Saudi High School Teachers? Perceptions. Abstract: Within the context of the national education reform, the King Abdullah Education Development Project (Tatweer Project) of 2007 -2013 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia mandated the most important unprecedented leading comprehensive public educational development reform with four main components of (i) enhancing high school teachers? teaching methods and strategies; (ii) improving high school curriculum; (iii) developing high school activities; and (iv) improving high school facilities and infrastructure. The first two former components ? the two intended outcomes of the project, are directly related to Saudi higher school teachers who carry out the teaching activities in Saudi classrooms all over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study, following Fullan (2006, 2010)?s theory of actions for whole system improvement in education, investigated the grassroots implementation level of Saudi high school education reforms, particularly Saudi high school teachers? perspectives on the Tatweer project?s first two intended outcomes of enhancing high school teachers? teaching methods and strategies and improving high school curriculum. Using a quantitative research method, the study surveys 210 Maths and Science high school teachers in 7 Saudi educational departments where the Tatweer project has been targeting at. The study reveals that an effective education reform that enhances teachers? skills and improves curriculum need to be based on teachers? engagement by their being both change agents and active partners, rather than being passive recipients in the education reform. The study?s findings provides both theoretical and practical insights for policy makers and decision makers on how improvements in implementations might be made for a more effective system wide and transformational education reform in Saudi Arabia. Going forward, the study highlights the need for revising the Tatweer?s project aim as well as its implementation practice for the reform?s Kingdom-wide success. The study?s findings have significant implications for similar countries that are striving for more effective education reform/change. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 57-57 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=12&rid=676 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200676 Classification-JEL: Keywords: education reform, teachers' perceptions Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200676 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Abdulmohsen Alrashed Author-Name-First: Abdulmohsen Author-Name-Last: Alrashed Author-Email: AALRAS203@caledonian.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Glasgow Caledonian University Author-Name: Ibrahim Alrashed Author-Name-First: Ibrahim Author-Name-Last: Alrashed Author-Email: ibrahim.alrashed@sm.uwtsd.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Swansea Title: Risk Assessments for Construction projects in the KSA Abstract: The construction market of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is significantly huge in the Middle East, which is currently estimates to be >$122 Billion per year (in recent times) and this is anticipated to reach >$610 Billion in next five years. Construction projects in residential sector is too positive than commercial sector. However, data on the actual percentage of success rate and vital risk factors in aforementioned projects are still limited. Accordingly, this study estimates risk evaluation of recent construction projects in the KSA. Consequently, this paper presents a new risk evaluation method for recent construction projects: this analysis constructed on new liner decision?making model. Whilst, this study also investigates the practical applications of risk management in the trade of construction projects of both national and international companies. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 58-58 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=13&rid=1574 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201574 Classification-JEL: D79, A10, A12 Keywords: Risk Appraisal, Liner decision- making model, KSA, Construction Projects. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201574 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marzook Alshammari Author-Name-First: Marzook Author-Name-Last: Alshammari Author-Email: mmalsh2@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Madinah College of Tourism & Hospitality , Saudi Arabia Title: Teaching Language Learning Strategies (LLSs) in EFL Classrooms Abstract: The teaching of Language Learning Strategies (LLSs) is a topic that has received much attention in â??recent language pedagogy research. Over the past few decades, language teaching has been transformed from more traditional methods into learner centered teaching, which, in turn, has influenced the process of foreign language acquisition.â??â?? This transformation has led researchers to propose a variety of dynamic learning approaches that focus on encouraging students to determine the appropriate strategies that engage them in learning, and enhance their autonomy in the classroom. The purpose of this paper is to review recent research conducted on several related key issues. First, it gives an overview of the concept, features and different categories of Language Learning Strategies (LLSs). It then goes on to discuss the teachability of these strategies. Finally, it highlights the value of getting EFL students involved in their own learning processes. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 59-59 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=14&rid=381 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200381 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Language Learning Strategies, learner autonomy, EFL classrooms Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Khalid Alsharif Author-Name-First: Khalid Author-Name-Last: Alsharif Author-Email: kalsharif@ksu.edu.sa Author-Workplace-Name: King Saud University Title: Assessing mathematics teachers? practices based on a Quality Teaching framework Abstract: The aim of this paper is to report on an ongoing study designed to use a Quality Teaching Framework (NSW, 2003) as a standard framework for teachers in order to examine the gap between mathematics teachers? practices in Saudi mathematics classrooms and the framework. QT framework identifies three key dimensions of quality teaching that: is prompting high levels of intellectual quality, is promoting a quality learning environment, and is valuing and significant to student?s life. Interestingly, in the last decade in Saudi Arabia, there has been a surge in the amount of education research conducted in the field of teaching and learning mathematics. Notable areas of research focused on improving teachers' pedagogies. Hence, improving mathematics teaching practices in schools has become an important issue in Saudi Arabia. In this study, a questionnaire was developed based on the QT framework and designed to measure the use of the Quality Teaching framework across the three dimensions of the scheme. The survey has eighteen items covering the QT framework. Items were rated on a six point Likert-type scale ranging from Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree. Altogether 200 males and females primary mathematics teachers in Riyadh participated in the survey. Additionally, semi-structured interviews with selected teachers have been conducted. This paper shows some results of the study and also provides some advice for improving teacher education programs in general. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 60-60 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=15&rid=1089 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201089 Classification-JEL: I29, I20 Keywords: Mathematics Education, Teacher Education, Professional Development, The Quality Teaching Framework Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201089 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gökçe Alt?nel Author-Name-First: Gökçe Author-Name-Last: Alt?nel Author-Email: altinelgokce@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Murat Tumay Author-Name-First: Murat Author-Name-Last: Tumay Author-Email: murattumay@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: THE ANALYSIS OF GUNES V. TURKEY DECISION of EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN TERMS OF TURKISH LAW Abstract: This study aims to explore matters about procedures followed up at the stages of national case law Tuncer Gunes v Turkey dated September 2013 of ECHR and compare the national and international approaches. We aim to look at the matter before it was carried on to European Court of Human Rights and be analyze the stages of court of appeals and the supporting decisions and the effects on Turkish Laws. Tuncer Gunes lawsuit was decreed upon the request of lawsuit filed by the woman?s demand for using her maiden?s surname and it is the last of many lawsuits ruled by the court. By means of this study, we will on one hand analyze the applicable Turkish law arrangements in this regard and on the other hand, we will analyze the proceedings of European Court of Human Rights on the other hand. We will also have the opportunity to analyze discourses within domestic law regarding the applications for use of a woman?s maiden?s surname including Turkish public, domestic law, non government organizations and similar fields and the discourses brought forward starting from the first applications made. This is because, under the domestic law, the proceedings which started in 1995 were followed by Unal Tekeli vs. Turkey case filed before European Court of Human Rights which was filed, then adjudicated in 2004 and from 1995 until recently, it enabled means to Turkish courts and the public to discuss this matter including different opinions and suggestions of solution. During this process, the stage of involving the legislative packages being submitted before the parliament were on the agenda and different decisions were adopted which were different from the previous decisions. Furthermore the doctrinal matters were also considered and many articles analyzed the subject and from the solutions envisaged by Turkish laws. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 61-61 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=16&rid=1446 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201446 Classification-JEL: K36 Keywords: Maiden?s name, Woman?s Surname, Equality among the Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201446 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: utku altunöz Author-Name-First: utku Author-Name-Last: altunöz Author-Email: utkual@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Social Science Title: THE CRITISISM OF DOMINANT NEO-CLASSICAL ECONOMICS IN THE LIGHT OF POST AUT?ST?C ECONOM?CS: CASE OF GLOBAL CR?S?S. Abstract: Dominant neo classical system is criticized for not solving the problems of current economics. In other words, it is seen the reason of current economic issues. And also it is believed that unsolved problems come with global crisis were developed by dominant classical thought. In 2000?s Post Autistic economic movement came to the scene with published declaration by pupils of Ecole Normale Superieure in France. According to declaration dominant economic thought turn into the autistic characteristic. Due to this fact, economic science is vanished by intense mathematical formulas. So that had broken of connection with real life. In this paper first, basic hypothesis of neo classical thought will be examined. Following that, solving suggestion for problematic area in the light of autistic movement will be explained. In the other words, especially in the course of time, the current economic system remains incapable to meet society?s expectations, demands, and requirements, the system and method debate has been increasing. Recently, the basic reason that led to criticism by focusing the global economic crisis has developed in the direction of the Neo-classical system. Another purpose of this study is to open discussion of last 2008 global crisis to Turkey?s assessment from the view point of Post Autistic Economics. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 62-69 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=17&rid=1045 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201045 Classification-JEL: E13, P16, P51 Keywords: The Post Autistic Economics Movement, Neo-classical Economics, The 2008 Global Economic Crisis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201045 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ABDULLAH A. ALZAIDI Author-Name-First: ABDULLAH A. Author-Name-Last: ALZAIDI Author-Email: azaidi@ksu.edu.sa Author-Workplace-Name: KING SAUD UNIVERSITY Title: An Anaatyical study of the Farmers towards Organic Farming In Qassim Area kSaudi Arabia Abstract: This study aimed to identify the degree of trends to organic farming in agriculture. The study explains the nature of the correlation between the independent variables and the degree of trends of respondents about organic farming as the dependent variable. This study was conducted on 149 farmers representing all farmers practicing organic farming in the Qassim region. The preliminary data were collected by using the questionnaire against personal interviews. The results and analysis of the data are presented in the form of: percentages, the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and the simple correlation coefficient of Pearson, and regression (stepwise). The most important findings of the study indicate that about three -quarters of the farmers of respondents (73.4%) had attitudes between negative and neutral towards organic farming. However, a positive correlation (at the level of 01) was observed between the degrees of respondents? attitudes towards organic farming (dependent variable) for the variables like: the basic profession, satisfaction with agricultural work, the total annual income. Also, a negative relationship at the same level with probability for the factors like: land tenure. Similarly a positive correlation was observed (at the level of 5) with the factors like: agricultural sources of information, and training. However, a negative relationship (at the same alpha level) was observed for the number of family members working in agriculture. However no cooperation was found for the factors like: age, educational level, family members the as agricultural worker, work full time for income from organic farming, the number of family members, activities and extension services. While practicing organic farming, the main obstacles faced by the respondents include: lack of organic fertilizers and organic farming inputs (moderate response 2.56 degrees), followed by availability of fake organic products in the markets affect consumer confidence in organic products (moderately response 2.53 degrees), yield reduction due to the lack of organic practices (2.50 degrees). The farmers of area feel that the knowledge and skills of agricultural extension workers were inadequate and they lack experience moderately in organic agriculture (2.05 degrees). Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 70-70 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=18&rid=1440 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201440 Classification-JEL: A14, A14, A14 Keywords: Attitudes Of farmer,Organic Farming Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201440 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gilda Amaral C Momo Author-Name-First: Gilda Author-Name-Last: Amaral C Momo Author-Email: gilda.m@uol.com.br Author-Workplace-Name: Catholic University of Sao Paulo Title: High-skilled workers from Europe move to Brazil for better job opportunities Abstract: The economic crises that developed capitalist countries faced in the beginning of this century cause thousands of Americans and Europeans to leave their countries in search of better working conditions. These new immigrants are heading to emerging countries like Brazil that by presenting a more solid economy and little affected by the crisis is attracting more and more professionals from developed countries that are likely to fill the gap of lack of qualified professionals in the country. The objective of this article is to study the high-skilled immigration to Brazil in the 21st century. Through survey data obtained from the Ministry of Labour of Brazil [2013] the largest contingent of immigrants comes from the United States, Asia and Europe. However, Europeans make up the largest group of skilled immigrants in Brazil today. We intend to analyze these immigrants by, professional activity, the areas they work in Brazil and gender. We use reports on the life history of these immigrants with personal accounts about the advantages and disadvantages of working in a country so distant and multiethnic as Brazil. The work raises chances that the international economic crisis and social networking were important factors in the decision to migrate to Brazil. Hypotheses that will be confirmed by the search result. Although the phenomenon of skilled immigration is not recent, it is little studied and the dissertation will enrich that study by presenting a single fact in the history of Brazilian immigration with a wealth of amazing data about this new international migratory flow which begins in the 21st century, where high professional qualification requirement determines human mobility on the world stage. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 71-82 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=19&rid=312 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200312 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Brazil, European Immigrants, High-skilled migration, Foreign Profissionals, Globalization. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200312 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MOHAMMED ABDELJALIL .A. AMMAR Author-Name-First: MOHAMMED ABDELJALIL .A. Author-Name-Last: AMMAR Author-Email: malghanai@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: SIRTE UNIVERSITY Title: A critical evaluation of the Dawkins?s Article : ?Teaching Punctuation as a Rhetorical Tool Abstract: This paper critically reviews Dawkins?s article entitled ?Teaching Punctuation as a Rhetorical Tool?. The main argument of this Dawkins?s article is: if good writers punctuate effectively without paying any attention to handbooks rules, there should be a system worth teaching. His approach calls for teaching punctuation semantically and rhetorically. This paper reveals that there are some similarities and dissimilarities between the syntactic?based approach (handbooks) and the semantic /rhetoric?based approach. The former calls for certain rules writers have to follow, whereas the latter gives writers a great number of choices regarding how to punctuate effectively. Dawkins creates two concepts: raising and lowering. Raising is a device for gaining rhetorical effect and separation (emphasis) and lowering is a device for gaining connectedness. Dawkins?s approach is not for budding writers as it presupposes a great deal of prior knowledge of grammar?particularly the notion of a sentence; furthermore, they (budding writers) need something approaching the stability and simplicity in punctuation. Based on Dawkins?s approach, students can use punctuation properly based on their intentions taking into consideration that certain handbook rules should be administrated. Although Dawkins's article is mainly for native speakers of English context, it will be useful and productive in the EFL context. Moreover, Dawkins legitimates fragments and comma splices which are not allowed in handbooks. Such legitimacy should be brought to students? repertoire. This paper would conclude with the finding that English teachers have to eliminate the gap between the two approaches and try to use both as much as they can while teaching punctuation. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 83-92 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=20&rid=1103 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201103 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Punctuation, handbook rules, syntactic approach, semantic approach, raising and lowering. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nemanja Backovi? Author-Name-First: Nemanja Author-Name-Last: Backovi? Author-Email: nemanja.backovic@fon.bg.ac.rs Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade Author-Name: Vesna Mili?evi? Author-Name-First: Vesna Author-Name-Last: Mili?evi? Author-Email: vesmil@fon.rs Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade Author-Name: Adam Sofronijevi? Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Sofronijevi? Author-Email: sofronijevic@unilib.bg.ac.rs Author-Workplace-Name: University library \ Title: INTERNET CHALLENGES FOR CONTEMPORARY CULTURAL MANAGEMENT Abstract: This paper will emphasize contemporary approaches of online management structure for arts and cultural institutions. Turbulent economic environment calls for flexible managerial strategies, which will establish balance between traditional values and continual drive for innovations, due to more complex external business factors. WEB technology follows a large scale of customers? needs, and thus formulates a new paradigm for cultural management. In this paper Internet influences on the level of cultural management effectiveness will be researched. New presentation concepts and restructuring data bases in institutions network will be examined. Project Europeana will be presented as the example of successful data classification, creation of virtual exhibitions and digital libraries, which will be used as a framework for further quantitative and qualitative analysis of heritage archiving. Paper will also explore some of the representative examples of Internet related presentations of cultural heritage such as Google Books and Google Art project. Selected Serbian national initiatives presenting cultural heritage via Internet will be discussed and various aspects of accessibility of digital materials originating in Serbian heritage institutions will be analyzed. Business strategies modeling via Internet makes final cultural products more accessible for end users, by simple and fast information and knowledge transfer. Present and future impact of museums and library data digitalization will be investigated, with special focus on practice from the Republic of Serbia. By usage of relevant statistical data, cultural institutions in Serbia will be considered. Important culture projects will be shown, including archeological findings and the cultural route of the Roman emperors in Serbia. Development perspectives will be presented, with the proposition of solutions for their online realization. Paper will also look into new trends in higher education available trough Internet, chiefly represented by MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), in the context of their cultural repercussions and influence they might have as an alternative medium for cultural and educational content broadcast. Challenges that employers, employees and general public face today in this area will be discussed as well as the importance and significance of OA (Open Access) business models in culture and education. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 93-104 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=21&rid=1107 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201107 Classification-JEL: Z11, M00, Z19 Keywords: Cultural management; Internet; Digital museum; Culture projects; Virtual library; Online cultural content Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Bilge Bakin Author-Name-First: Bilge Author-Name-Last: Bakin Author-Email: bilgebkn@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Yildirim Beyazit University, Business School, Department of Banking and Finance Author-Name: Gozde Gurgun Author-Name-First: Gozde Author-Name-Last: Gurgun Author-Email: gozde.gurgun@tcmb.gov.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Title: Portfolio Investments and Asset Prices Relationship in Turkey Abstract: This study aims to investigate the linkage between portfolio investments and asset prices in Turkey for the period of September 2008-December 2013. The accommodative policies implemented in advanced economies in order to cope with the global crisis and fragilities in the global financial system have led to considerable volatility in capital flows. Capital flows towards emerging economies have been volatile, particularly to those with large external financing needs such as Turkey. This situation has created risk of macroeconomic and financial instability in these economies. Accordingly, this paper examines the effects of portfolio investments on the main financial assets such as equity market, exchange rate and interest rates in Turkey. Toda and Yamamoto (1995) method and generalized impulse response analysis have been utilized in this study. It is found that portfolio investments have a considerable and steady impact on the exchange rate. However, severe impacts of portfolio flows are not observed on the stock market and interest rates in the long run. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 105-118 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=22&rid=1138 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201138 Classification-JEL: E44, F30, F40 Keywords: Capital Flows, Portfolio Investments, Asset Prices, Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201138 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?ükrü BALCI Author-Name-First: ?ükrü Author-Name-Last: BALCI Author-Email: sukrubalci@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Author-Name: Salih T?RYAK? Author-Name-First: Salih Author-Name-Last: T?RYAK? Author-Email: tryk.s@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Title: FACEBOOK ADDICTION AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TURKEY Abstract: The social networks such as Facebook and MySpace provide opportunity to individuals for presenting themselves, develop relations with other people and also offer ability to continue of them. Furthermore, social networks are used to interact with the people they know and also the new people they want to meet. By naturally Facebook is a very helpful social networking when it is used consciously. But use of excessive and pointless of it carries with the problem of addiction. Facebook addiction is a fairly common problem among young people. Addiction may lead an experience of erosion in social relations. Facebook addicts may experience problems with their families, friends, at work or in school. Addicted people may pass less time outside of their home and may spend less time with their friends. They may be insensitive to the happenings around while they are with computer. They may prefer to meet their friends on computer to face to face relations outside. Here, in the sample of the area survey conducted with the high school students in Konya City tries to reveal the addiction profiles of students. The data of research are collected by questionnaire technique based on the face to face interviews with 494 participants. In the results it is found that, the addiction levels of female students are higher than the levels of male students. The Facebook addiction level increase when the time passing in using of Facebook in a session and weekly using of the frequency of Facebook increase. Also results show us the using experience of Facebook has a significant positive correlation with Facebook addiction. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 119-133 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=23&rid=1039 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201039 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Keywords: Social sharing networks, Facebook, addiction, high school students Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201039 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cetin BEBE Author-Name-First: Cetin Author-Name-Last: BEBE Author-Email: cetinbebe@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Author-Name: Yunus Emre OZTURK Author-Name-First: Yunus Emre Author-Name-Last: OZTURK Author-Email: yunuseozturk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Author-Name: Ramazan KIRAC Author-Name-First: Ramazan Author-Name-Last: KIRAC Author-Email: ramazan46k@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Title: INCIDENCE OFJOB-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM AILMENTS OF HOSPITAL EMPLOYEES IN TERMS OF WORKER SAFETY Abstract: The aim of this study, in terms of worker safety, is to determine the prevalence of job-related musculoskeletal ailments in in-patient treatment institutions, and to investigate the factors causing these conditions. Importance: Job-related musculoskeletal conditions, one of the most important causes of job related ailments in employees, occupy an important place among job-related health problems. Also in hospitals, musculoskeletal conditions make up a significant proportion of job-related ailments. The study was carried out by administering, to 53 participants face to face, 10 questions from the ?Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire? measuring descriptive features; 10 questions evaluating workplace conditions; and 8 questions identifying the musculoskeletal ailments. 45 of the participants were female and 8 male. In data analysis, SPSS 20.0 was used. Pain appearance prevalence in the last 7 days was identified as 77.4% for lower back pain; 73.6% for neck pain, and 60.4% for back pain. It was observed that the capacity for work was negatively affected in 77.4% (n = 41) cases of lower back pain; 73.6% (n = 39) of neck pain; 58.5% of back pain; and 39.6% of right shoulder discomfort. In spite of this, it was identified that there were only7 nurses (13.2%) whose musculoskeletal discomfort was diagnosed by a physician. It was determined that more than 50% of nurses adopted incorrect positions in almost all situations related to body mechanics. It was concluded that the highest pain prevalence in the nurses was lower back pain with 77.4%, followed by neck pain with 58.5% and back pain with 58.5%. It was determined that among the nurses, those having pain throughout the last working week, experienced medium intensity pain, and those feeling pain, aches, or discomfort experienced minimal decrease in their capacity for work. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 134-145 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=24&rid=1453 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201453 Classification-JEL: I10, I12, I19 Keywords: Employee Safety, Hospital Employees, Musculoskeletal System ailments, Occupational Diseases, Nurses Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201453 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ça?atay Benhür Author-Name-First: Ça?atay Author-Name-Last: Benhür Author-Email: cag1974@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University Title: Development Efforts by Modern Turkey: The Report of Moscow Ambassador (1937) Abstract: In historical process, the best period in Turkish- Russian relations was between the years 1917 and 1939. The good affair between the two countries was began with the mutual assistances on the eve of independence wars after newly established regimes in both countries. It would take another turn due to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk?s dead in 1938, and due to World War Two started in 1939 which Soviet Union was entered into the conflicts in 1941. In the period between the years 1935 and 1939, which the relations of Turkey and Soviet Union was at the highest level, Zeki Apayd?n, who was the Turkish Ambassador in Moscow, sent a report to Ankara in 1937. He attached a wide appendix about the animal husbandry and the product storage techniques which composed of the information, the photographs and the drawings about new tech farm equipment in Soviet Union to his report. Turkish ambassador thought that these documents would be helpful in his country. In this article, Turkish-Soviet affairs will be handle in the frame of the report which was sent by Ambassador Zeki Apayd?n to his government. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 146-146 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=25&rid=1287 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201287 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Zeki Apayd?n / Turkish Soviet Relations / Ambassador Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SELMAN SAC?T BOZ Author-Name-First: SELMAN SAC?T Author-Name-Last: BOZ Author-Email: selmansacitboz@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UNIVERS?TY LAW FACULTY Author-Name: SEZ?N ÖZTOPRAK Author-Name-First: SEZ?N Author-Name-Last: ÖZTOPRAK Author-Email: avsezin@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UNIVERS?TY LAW FACULTY Title: THE REGULATORY TRANSACTIONS OF THE ADMINISTRATION UNDER THE HIERARCHY OF TURKISH LAW Abstract: The regulatory transactions performed by the Executive Power in Turkish laws are statutory decrees, decrees, regulations and other unnamed regulatory transactions. The unnamed regulatory transactions are the title to a set of general regulatory transactions. In other words, it is a general concept to express many transactions with unlimited numbers. The reason to selection of this concept is that such transactions cannot be mentioned by the constitution which is the highest norm. The hierarchy of norms which were introduced to the legal World by Hans Kelsen are also applicable in the operation of the regulatory transactions of the administration. However since the general regulatory transactions enacted by the administration increase rapidly day by day cause different arrangements to be brought forward in the same matters. The solution to some problems incurred by during the implementation stages cannot be achieved by Kelsen pyramid only. The administrative units at the same hierarchy stages may include contradictory provisions, then it is also possible that they may contradict with some regulatory transactions emanated under public administration. This paper studies what kind of a hierarchy is present between the general regulatory transactions of the administration, the solution to the legal issues between the general regulatory transactions encompassing contradicting norms, how the general regulatory transactions breaching the superior norms can be abolished and how the senior management will act in case when the people of execution. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 147-156 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=26&rid=1425 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201425 Classification-JEL: K30 Keywords: General Regulatory Transactions, Hierarchy of Norms, General Regulatory transactions of the Administration in Turkish Law, Abstract Transactions of Executive Power, Statutory Decrees, Decrees, Regulations, Unnamed Regulatory Transactions. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201425 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Adnan Butt Author-Name-First: Adnan Author-Name-Last: Butt Author-Email: aadnanbutt78@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Iqra University Title: The relationship between Purchase Intention and Product Involvement: The role of Brand Attitude as a mediator on this relationship Abstract: This study tests the relationship between the product involvement (Pd. Inv) and purchase intention (PI) and the mediating role of Brand Attitude (BA) in the relationship between Product Involvement (Pd. Inv) and Purchase Intention (PI) by using a sample of 450 people. With reference to previous studies it has been observed that there is a strong relationship between Pd. Inv and Purchase Intention (PI), while a positive relationship is also found in Pd. Inv and Brand Attitude (BA). The researcher tries to find out the nature of the relationship between Brand Attitude (BA) and Purchase Intention (PI) and whether Brand Attitude (BA) mediates the relationship between Pd. Inv and Purchase Intention (PI) or not. A CFA test is performed to develop the model by using AMOS 18. The results of the study suggest that the relationship between the Pd. Inv and Purchase Intention (PI) is insignificant which is contrary to the results of the previous finding but it is found that Brand Attitude (BA) has a positive mediation effect on this relationship. It shows that when both the variables, Product Involvement and Brand Attitude (BA), are taken in consideration together Product Involvement would have a significant impact on the Purchase Intention (PI). It is also found that there is a significant relationship between Brand Attitude (BA) and Purchase Intention. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 157-167 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=27&rid=638 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200638 Classification-JEL: M30 Keywords: Product Involvement, Purchase Intention, Mediation and Brand Attitude Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200638 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Joanna B?ach Author-Name-First: Joanna Author-Name-Last: B?ach Author-Email: jblach@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice, Department of Finance Author-Name: Monika Wieczorek-Kosmala Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Wieczorek-Kosmala Author-Email: monika.wieczorek-kosmala@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice, Department of Finance Author-Name: Maria Gorczy?ska Author-Name-First: Maria Author-Name-Last: Gorczy?ska Author-Email: mgorczynska@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice, Department of Finance Author-Name: Anna Do? Author-Name-First: Anna Author-Name-Last: Do? Author-Email: ados@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice, Department of Finance Title: Innovations in transferring insurable risk to capital markets ? Insurance-Linked Securities (ILS) application by the non-financial companies Abstract: In this paper we focus on financial innovations that have emerged as a result of the convergence of the capital market and insurance market. These new solutions called Insurance-Linked Securities (ILS) were created in 1990s. by insurers and reinsurers in order to improve the liquidity of insurance market by providing the opportunity to transfer insurable risk to capital market. However, nowadays the application of ILS have been extended beyond financial sector. In particular, the application of ILS in the new, different way by the non-financial companies is regarded here as innovations.The prime purpose of the paper is to justify a statement that in recent years, capital market innovations within transferring insurable risk to capital markets (ILS) have grown on diversity. Our objective is to critically analyze the innovative solutions within transferring insurable risk to capital market, and assess their potential for the use by non-financial companies. We address the limitations and possible consequences of these solutions. To achieve the expected results we use the document analysis and select important information in order to provide systemized characteristics of Insurance-Linked Securities. Our intention is also to initiate a debate on the possible use of insurance-linked securities in non-financial sector, focusing on their potential advantages and positive consequences for the non-financial companies as well as on potential limitations and obstacles.From the analyzed group of insurance-linked securities available on the capital market, we have selected these solutions that can be applied by the non-financial companies, i.e.: cat bonds, insurance-linked derivatives (including weather derivatives) and contingent capital structures. These innovations may be applied in order to improve the integrated risk management process in the non-financial companies in two ways: (1) as an alternative (substitute) to traditional risk management instruments (e.g. insurance policy) conditional upon their efficiency (similar protection at lower costs or better protection at comparable costs); (2) as a complementary solutions to traditional instruments, if they provide access to tools and mechanisms not available directly by the application of traditional solutions. However, there are many constraints, both on the supply and demand side of the ILS market that limit their application by non-financials. Further research may be focused on the analysis of the solutions that can be applied in order to overcome these problems and improve the development of the ILS innovations offered to non-financials.I Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 168-169 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=28&rid=1608 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201608 Classification-JEL: G30, G32, G22 Keywords: management, financial innovations, non-financial companies, insurance-linked securities, cat bonds, insurance derivatives, weather derivatives, contingent capital Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201608 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kimete Canaj Author-Name-First: Kimete Author-Name-Last: Canaj Author-Email: kimete.canaj@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Vienna Title: Overview of the Foreign Language Learning Policy in Education System in Kosova Abstract: The political development of Kosova since 1981 lead to collaboration with the European Commission and other international organizations. The end of the Kosova war 1989/99 brought the presence of KFOR, UNMIK (until 2008) then EULEX representatives of European Member States and many other donor organizations with it. This led to an increased public awareness of the importance of knowledge of foreign languages. The increasing international integration, the increasing mobility of the population, the internationalization of the media, the economy and the culture of everyday life means that more and more children and young people in their living environment, and their every days life needs the knowledge of the foreign languages. Studies show that the conditions for learning a foreign language in primary school age are very favorable. The students who learn foreign languages in the early childhood oriented in play and action, but also systematically and with linguistic progression, can find their way into Europe's cultural diversity and multilingualism, and it will have the impact on their future knowledge. For the future of the people of Kosova a high quality and modern education is very important. The areas of language, communication and culture have a special role in the Core of the Curriculum.The methods of work are quantitative and qualitative, the statistics are from Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the qualitative analysis are based on the European Standards for the Foreign Language Learning and Teaching.There is no analysis of language learning and language teaching situation in Kosova, so there is also no clarity on where urgent action is required and what measures are necessary for improvement of the foreign language learning. Through this paper the author stress the real situation of the foreign language learning in the Primary and Secondary Schools in Kosova and this work should serve as a document close to the current language teaching situation in Kosova and as a reference document for the language work in the coming years. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 170-170 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=29&rid=873 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200873 Classification-JEL: I25, I29, I23 Keywords: Education Policy, Foreign Language Learning Policy, Foreign Language, Teacher Education Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200873 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Neriman Çelik Author-Name-First: Neriman Author-Name-Last: Çelik Author-Email: n.celik34@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: Job Satisfaction?s Impact on Cyberloafing: An University Example Abstract: Cyberloafing can be described as, people are using various internet sites such as news sites, sites with sexual content, shopping, vacation planning, computer games and job search for their personnel reasons while working in the workplace during the working hours of their duties. Job satisfaction of employee?s means that it is the difference between the employees perceives from the work and the working environment and what they expect to. If this difference is small then it will leave a positive impact on employee?s commitment to the organization and the individual's work. Thus, this contentment will result that the employees are happy to belong to the organization and he or she will be effective and efficient. This study is designed to measure cyberloafing and the level of job satisfaction of the academic staff at the university. In this study we also aim to measure the staff?s job satisfaction effects on the cyberloafing. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 171-181 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=30&rid=1668 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201668 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Cyberloafing, Job Satisfaction, Employee Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201668 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Klara Cermakova Author-Name-First: Klara Author-Name-Last: Cermakova Author-Email: klara.kaderabkova@centrum.cz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics Title: Do socio-cultural conditions help convergence between economies? Abstract: This paper is focused on the main trends and factors of convergence or divergence between economies which influences significantly the frequently discussed global inequality. On a dataset of HDP per capita in a group of 150 countries over 30 years it is tested if there is any relative/conditioned convergence between countries, where selected institutional and cultural factors were chosen as the condition for the regression analysis testing if similar institutional and religion factors may help the convergence between economies. The regression unsuprisingly shows that countries with low HDP per capita do not grow any faster than the rich countries even within groups with similar institutional conditions and religion background. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 182-182 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=31&rid=414 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200414 Classification-JEL: Keywords: socio-cultural conditions, convergence Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200414 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cemal Çetin Author-Name-First: Cemal Author-Name-Last: Çetin Author-Email: cankulfal@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Letters, Departments of History, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Title: Alcohol, Adultery and Prostitution in the Ottoman Period: Konya Example (1650-1750) Abstract: It is possible to mention crimes and criminals wherever people dwell. Definition of offence may vary according to societies in accordance with the influences of culture and religion. In Ottoman Law which has its roots in ecclesiastical and customary sources, it is observed that crimes are categorized in three groups as the ones requiring boundary, ones requiring retaliation and finally the ones requiring corporal punishment and political ban. Demonstration, prescription, jurisdiction and penalisation processes of these offences are all defined by ecclesiastical and customary law. While the ecclesiastical law is characteristically precise with regards to the jurisdiction and penalisation of offences, customary law adopted more practical solutions on these. In case of discrepancy, predicaments were overcome by bringing Islamic scholars? views into action.In Ottoman law, adultery and prostitution which are regarded in boundary offences and drinking alcohol which was regarded in corporal law are observed to constitute integrity both as they cause liability to each other and are all related with recreation. In addition to being the actions banned by Islamic Law, they also drew the reaction of the society. In this reaction, individuals? fear of being seen to be keeping quiet about these offences committed in the neighbourhood as well as the religious and moral worries played important roles. On adultery, prostitution and consuming alcohol, there are complementary judgements in both ecclesiastical and customary law with regards to occurrence, proving and punishment. When these judgements and court registries are compared, it is observable that not always is this theory valid and did the course proceed in the same way. Accordingly, sometimes inhabitants are observed to change the direction of prosecution process directly with their statements and moreover they are also seen to get involved in the process as a direct source of law.In this study, incidents of adultery, prostitution and alcohol incidents devolved to the court of Konya is going to be analyzed based upon the Konya ?er?iyye Registers generated in between 1650 and 1750 years. In this process, questions about how and where these incidents took place, which section of the society the criminals were from, how they were taken to the court, how the prosecution process went on, what the punishments were and what the reactions of the society were to these incidents are all going to be answered. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 183-183 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=32&rid=1290 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201290 Classification-JEL: K36, K11 Keywords: Alcohol, Adultery, Prostitution, Konya, ?slamic Law Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yue-Yang Chen Author-Name-First: Yue-Yang Author-Name-Last: Chen Author-Email: ray@isu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Administration, I-Shou University Author-Name: Hui-Ling Huang Author-Name-First: Hui-Ling Author-Name-Last: Huang Author-Email: ling@mail.cjcu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Administration, Chang Jung Christian University Title: Conceptualizing and Developing Alignment Model between Business Strategy and Knowledge Management Strategy Abstract: Since knowledge has been regarded as one of the important resources for firms to compete in today?s competitive environment, knowledge management (KM) are so crucial for achieving superior performance. In this vein the strategy of knowledge is likely to be a critical issue of strategic choice for the firm. Evidences showed that the implementation of KM strategy can cultivate organizational dynamic capabilities to improve knowledge quality and quantity, as well as for consolidating the value and practicability of knowledge. Thus, according to the previous research on KM field, this study tries to construct and develop a KM fit model. We contend that the alignment effect will contribution to knowledge management performance. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 184-197 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=33&rid=1375 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201375 Classification-JEL: D83, M10 Keywords: Knowledge management strategy, Business strategy, Knowledge management performance Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201375 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MK CHING Author-Name-First: MK Author-Name-Last: CHING Author-Email: chingmk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: HKCC Title: Passengers' perception on airport service and quality satisfaction Abstract: This study aims to investigate passengers? expected and perceived service and quality satisfaction of the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) as the overall quality perceived would affect the number of future travelers to Hong Kong. After determining a list of known factors affecting airport service quality, passengers? satisfaction survey was carried out at the main entrances and exits of the HKIA. Based on the collected data, a passenger satisfaction rating was compiled reflecting the users? perceived level of satisfaction of the HKIA. Apart from identifying the most important factors on airport service quality, it was also shown that there was significant difference in rating importance by different demographic factor. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 198-207 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=34&rid=1722 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201722 Classification-JEL: L91 Keywords: Airport, service, quality satisfaction, passengers' perception Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201722 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mei-Tai Chu Author-Name-First: Mei-Tai Author-Name-Last: Chu Author-Email: m.chu@latrobe.edu.au Author-Workplace-Name: La Trobe University Author-Name: Sedigheh Rezaeian Fardoei Author-Name-First: Sedigheh Author-Name-Last: Rezaeian Fardoei Author-Email: srezaiian@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Iran University of Payam Noor Title: Knowledge Communication Indicators from Knowledge Management to National Innovation System Abstract: Both at firm and national level, particularly in the most developed economies, the increasing importance of knowledge have meant that the net stock of intangible asset has grown more rapidly than the tangible asset. This has unfortunately not yet happened in the developing economies (Mortensen et al., 1997). The world?s economy is becoming ever more dependent on creating, distributing, and using knowledge. Converting knowledge into innovation activity penetrates the entire process including knowledge creation, transmission and application. Knowledge flow facilitates relationship and communication among the subsystems and various main bodies within the innovation system, which prompts the innovation system to be a more dynamic, open, and mutual promotion system. The exchange, flow and allocation of knowledge are the prerequisite for safeguarding the innovation system?s operation efficiency. Therefore, Knowledge Management (KM) construction for Innovation System is the enterprise innovation guarantee factor as well as one essential part for superior national innovation system. Developing countries are not as advanced as developed countries in terms of their knowledge management systems, innovation management systems, and innovation potential. Promoting their innovation management systems will benefit their innovation and will promote them closer to rely on knowledge-based industries. While National Innovation System (NIS) has been studied extensively since 1987, they have not been studied from the perspective of a knowledge management system, and this paper addresses this gap. Innovation system research emphasizes knowledge creation, transmission and application on region-level. It devotes to pull regional overall knowledge creation and innovative activities through innovation system?s institutional arrangements within a region and the network architecture design to influence functional mechanism of the essential elements. According to this context, the paper aims to propose the development of a NIS approach from a knowledge standpoint and modeling the relationship between NIS performance dimensions and items of knowledge management functions to identify how general functions of knowledge management enables NIS. Hence, the work is focusing on contributing a new perspective to the study of national innovation, as it has integrated the approach of knowledge management by summarizing the results from research touching two different aspects of knowledge management (explicit and tacit). Therefore, this paper attempts to make contribution to the nascent body of research on modeling how KM functions enable NIS. Future study can undertake a validation based on the concept model proposed from this paper. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 208-208 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=35&rid=1329 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201329 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Knowledge Management, National Innovation System, Knowledge Communication Indicator Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Necmettin Cihangiro?lu Author-Name-First: Necmettin Author-Name-Last: Cihangiro?lu Author-Email: ncihangiroglu@gata.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Gülhane Military Medicine Academy Author-Name: Musa Ozata Author-Name-First: Musa Author-Name-Last: Ozata Author-Email: musaozata@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: The Determination of the Satisfaction Levels of the Society about Family Medicine System Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the satisfaction levels of the society about family medicine system in Konya (Turkey). Data were collected by a questionnaire form developed by the researchers. The questionnaire form consists of 52 items and five main titles. The questionnaire was implemented to 287 volunteer participants. Statistical analyses were evaluated by using SPSS program and descriptive statistics and t test were used on the collected data. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the participants were almost satisfied with the family physcian and they wanted this system to be continued and improved. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 209-209 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=36&rid=1451 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201451 Classification-JEL: I18 Keywords: Family Medicine System, Satisfaction, Family physcian Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201451 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Combrinck Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Combrinck Author-Email: 21058636@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North-West University Author-Name: Jeannie Govender Author-Name-First: Jeannie Author-Name-Last: Govender Author-Email: 21058636@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: KwaZulu-Natal Department of Transport Title: THE ROAD SAFETY EDUCATION PROGRAMME: A JOURNEY INTO THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Abstract: Road safety is of paramount importance to all governments worldwide. This is also the case in South Africa where the fatality rates on South African roads are very high. Every 48 minutes, a person is killed on these roads. There are different approaches that one can take to address this problem. One such an approach is to include a road safety education programme in the school curriculum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the implementation of a road safety education programme in five primary schools in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. This was done by using a qualitative research methodology. The curriculum orientation for social adaptation and social reconstruction was used as a theoretical framework. Data was collected by means of a semi-structured questionnaire for teachers, classroom observations and questionnaires for learners. The findings suggested that the current approach to road safety education in schools can be improved through the adoption of a more concerted and coordinated approach. From the data it is evident that many schools do not see the importance of a road safety programme in the curriculum and schools implement such programmes at the discretion of the school management and if they can find space in their time table. Although this was a limited qualitative study it still has value for a wider audience because it provides us with valuable insights about the development and implementation of a road safety programme in a national school curriculum. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 210-210 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=37&rid=278 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200278 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: Curriculum development, social curriculum, road safety curriculum Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: BAHADIR DEMIR Author-Name-First: BAHADIR Author-Name-Last: DEMIR Author-Email: law.bahadirdemir@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: ANKARA UNIVERSITY Title: PASSING OF RISK IN CONTRACT OF SALE Abstract: Due to social, physical or economical reasons that countries could not meet their requirements by own resources, international trade was appeared. Also with the development of global economy, the borders between world trades were disappeared. Due to effect of more than one national law to a trade relation, confusion causes on the determination of the norms to be applied and problems occur between the parties during determination of norms. Since there is no supranational jurisdiction system is available to take role during the solution phase of problems, national courts become competent judicial authority; thus, they remain incapable of objectivity and area of specialization. In the commercial life where international actors take place, the requirement of international solution mechanism is inevitable. As a result of seeking fulfillment for this need, on 11.04.1980 in trust of United Nations the diplomatic conference was held in Vienna and Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods under common name Vienna Sale of Goods Agreement (?Vienna Sale of Goods Agreement?) was accepted. As of January 2013, 80 state parties are existed to CISG . Austria is one of the first 5 countries who constituted and signed the convention . In Austria, CISG officially become valid on 01.01.1989 and the validation is still continued. Turkey become a party to a convention on 07.07.2010 and agreement become valid as of 01.08.2011. Hereunder CISG Agreement is applied for the sale of good agreements between the parties where their business places are in different countries and upon the condition that, these countries are the contracting states. In addition to this, CISG application area can be performed if attributed the international law rules to a contracting state.The purpose of our study is, to discuss the passing of risk matter which incorporates many problems, in national and international sale of goods agreements within the frame of CISG and Turkish Code of Obligations regularizations. In our study, primarily risk and passing of risk concepts were mentioned in general; then the moment that, damage was devolved, conditions and exceptions were emphasized. At the final section of our study, in sale of goods agreements passing of risk results were discussed and in case of violation of agreement, the status of circumstances was indicated in the point of CISG. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 211-225 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=38&rid=1535 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201535 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Sale of Goods, Passing of Risk, CISG. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201535 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Erkan Efilti Author-Name-First: Erkan Author-Name-Last: Efilti Author-Email: eefilti@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Title: THE INVESTIGATION OF BURNOUT AND JOB DISSATISFACTION LEVELS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS Abstract: The aim of this study is to find out the burnout and job satisfaction levels of teachers working in the field of special education and compare them in terms of some variables. Following sub-purposes were examined in order to achieve these purposes. Is there a relationship between the burnout levels and job satisfaction of special education teachers? Is there a relationship between their burnout levels and their job satisfaction in terms of variables of professional working years, age and department? Data were obtained from a total of 79 primary school teachers for the mentally handicapped, including 40 women, 39 men, working in primary schools and rehabilitation centers in the province of Konya. A significant relationship between the job satisfaction and burnout levels of teachers was identified from this study. In this study, a significant difference was found between job satisfaction and burnout levels of teachers according to their age and working year levels. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 226-236 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=39&rid=1394 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201394 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Special education, burnout, job satisfaction Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: LIVIU GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Name-First: LIVIU Author-Name-Last: GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Email: liviugav@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: ?Vasile Goldi?? Western University of Arad, Romania Title: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CHILDREN´S DENTAL TREATMENT Abstract: In this article I present a new concept in dentistry which becomes one of the main branches of contemporary medicine. Attitudes toward medical treatment are influenced by a number of factors related to the child's environment, education, the medical skills and competence.To highlight the psychological factors involved in attitude towards dental treatment we used a lot of 260 children aged 6-12 years who were asked to make a drawing theme "a child to the dentist". Subjects were divided into three categories of patients: reluctant, docile collaborators and active collaborators. The children's drawings were interpreted in psychological terms to highlight the psychological particular aspects that arise in child-dentist relationship. Interpreting findings show that in reluctant patients, drawings are done in cool colors with changes of components in all cases. In docile collaborators patients drawings contain elements changes and use cool colors to 67.10% of cases, and active collaborators work designs are modified and used cool colors only 35.15% of cases. Following research conducted both hypotheses (H1 - I assumed that emotional states experienced by children to the dentist can be found in their designs, H2: We assumed that the different categories of reluctant patients, docile collaborators and active collaborators will present drawings different features) have been confirmed in practice. The drawing theme used before dental treatment can be an indicator of a child's emotional state and help the dentist to take a proper attitude in dealing with it. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 237-242 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=40&rid=1604 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201604 Classification-JEL: I19, I00 Keywords: dental treatment, child in treatment, reluctant patient, docile collaborator patients, active collaborators, drawing theme, projection through drawing, drawing design changed elements Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201604 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MIHAELA GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Name-First: MIHAELA Author-Name-Last: GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Email: miha.gavrila@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: ?Aurel Vlaicu? University of Arad, Romania Author-Name: OLGA MOLDOVAN Author-Name-First: OLGA Author-Name-Last: MOLDOVAN Author-Email: od_moldovan@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: ?Aurel Vlaicu? University of Arad, Romania Title: THE REDUCING OF THE TEMPORARY WORK INCAPACITY (TWI) IN PROFESSIONS WITH NEURO-PSYCHIC OVERLOADING BY PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT Abstract: Psychosocial risks and work-related stress are among the most challenging issues in occupational safety and health. The impact is significantly on the health of individuals and organizations management and national economies. Around half of European workers consider stress to be common in their workplace, and it contributes to around half of all lost working days. Like many other issues surrounding mental health, stress is often misunderstood or stigmatized. However, when viewed as an organizational issue rather than an individual fault, psychosocial risks and stress can be just as manageable as any other workplace health and safety risk.For the organization, the negative effects include poor overall business performance, increased absenteeism, presenters (workers turning up for work when they are still sick and unable to function effectively) and increased accident and injury rates. Absences tend to be longer than those arising from other causes and work-related stress may contribute to increased rates of early retirement, particularly among white-collar workers. Estimates of the cost to businesses and society are significant and run into billions of Euros at a national level. Stress is the second most frequently reported work-related health problem in Europe.The authors make an analysis of the consequences of the occupational stress in an institution of Arad city, from the point of view of some indices which are required for the health state of the employees: the TWI index (temporary work incapacity), the structure index, the frequency index, the gravity index, the medium term index.They propose as a method to diminish stress and to increase the economic efficiency of the institution that the employees benefit from a psychological support reflected in cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy and elements of relaxation training. After the use of these methods for a period of three months the indices were calculated again and compared with the beginning situation. For the prevention, taking into account the type of overworking to the workplace are made annual, beside the periodical medical controls, also some supplementary examinations. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 243-251 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=41&rid=1602 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201602 Classification-JEL: I19, I18, J24 Keywords: Professional neuropsychological overloading, health state, temporary work incapacity, epidemiological indices, psychotherapy and relaxation techniques, prevention Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201602 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MIHAELA GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Name-First: MIHAELA Author-Name-Last: GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Email: miha.gavrila@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: ?Aurel Vlaicu? University of Arad, Romania Title: THE NEED FOR IMPROVED ADDRESSABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY IN WEST ROMANIAN RURAL POPULATION WITH ACUTE CORONARY HEART DISEASE AT SPECIALIZED MEDICAL SERVICES TO REDUCE THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF HEALTH SERVICES Abstract: It is estimated that in the XXI century, coronary diseases will surpass contagious diseases, and will be the main cause for morbidity and specific mortality and are large consumers of health services, increasing the economic cost of their treatment. Cardiovascular diseases represent a major issue regarding public health in Romania and one of the main causes of economic consumption for health services, particularly in the western part of the country. This paper analyzed and to achieve a forecast, until 2013 of: the population, the specific mortality and the number of the lost years as a consequence of cardiovascular pathology, in order to improve the management of health services in AMI, the identification of the sanitary education level and the patients who show great factors of cardiovascular risk, the logistics of ambulance assistance on case of coronary emergencies (acute myocardial infarction with an over variation of the ST segment, the introduction of the possibility of prehospital thrombolysis/of the percutaneous coronary intervention), for an efficient prophylaxis and therapy, reducing the specific indicators of AMI mortality and the social-professional reinstatement of the patient. This study demonstrated as the acute myocardial infarction, AMI mortality has been reduced in the last few years on: better education of the population in terms of addressability in cardiovascular emergencies, awareness of symptoms and time of "golden time", addressability to health services, providing technical resources, economic and human resources specialist. Length: 4 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 252-255 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=42&rid=1603 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201603 Classification-JEL: I19, I00, I29 Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, coronary diseases, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), health services, sanitary education, economic consumption for health services, western part of the country. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201603 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: LIVIU GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Name-First: LIVIU Author-Name-Last: GAVRILA-ARDELEAN Author-Email: liviugav@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: ?Vasile Goldi?? Western University of Arad, Romania Title: NEW MATERIALS USED IN CREATING BASES OF POLYMER PROSTHESIS Abstract: Even in times when oral implantology (increasingly precise and accepted) is consolidated its position within the prosthetic restorations, materials for prostheses bases remained however a component which cannot be waived. Their comparison provides an overview about all variations of modern materials and also about their role in a system .Topical material in case of mobile prostheses is dominated by polymethilmethacrylate (PMMA). Most of these materials are thermo-polymerizable . An optimal polymerization is very important because it proved that the residual monomer has toxic effects on the tissues with which it comes into contact . Increased residual monomer content can be considered definitely a disadvantage in terms of allergic reactions that may cause patients. All materials accepted today to restore must meet ISO 1567-2000, yet still cannot exclude a certain risk.The monocomponent materials are available, which can be processed by a process of thermoplastic injection, so that the residual monomer disappears.The decision to use should be taken into account to the economic factor . A system that at first time may seem expensive, offers a good alternative in their own environment, contribute to a good restoration and quality in the near future.Over the period we have indexed the most important documentary material from the literature consulted, and finally to have an overview of the progress in this area. We considered useful to present the collected data that may be out of reach of practitioners as a true handbook of materials. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 256-269 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=43&rid=1605 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201605 Classification-JEL: I19 Keywords: New prosthesis materials, polymer prosthesis, bases, polymethilmethacrylate (PMMA) Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201605 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Seyedeh Maedeh Ghorashi Author-Name-First: Seyedeh Maedeh Author-Name-Last: Ghorashi Author-Email: m.ghorashi82@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Azad University in Science and Research Branch Author-Name: Pejman Pashmchi Zadeh Author-Name-First: Pejman Author-Name-Last: Pashmchi Zadeh Author-Email: pashmchizadeh@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Municipality Author-Name: masih rahimabadi Author-Name-First: masih Author-Name-Last: rahimabadi Author-Email: ma30h_292@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Finance Title: The effect of neighborhood management based on\ Abstract: Tehran over the past several decades have had a rapid growth and extensive development and the result of such rapid growth, is the weaken the balance between social stability and trust and social capital of citizens.This particular issue was raised at the neighborhood level and this is one of the main reasons for the managers to manage urban neighborhoods and thriving discussion centered in this area in the recent.In this context, this paper, based on the findings of a survey in the region 3 of Tehran Municipality has been carried out, Sought to examine the impact of neighborhood management based on the trust of the citizens of the municipal entity.The findings of this study show that the "participation rate", "SPM", "responsibility", "Networking - Building" and "interpersonal trust", according to the theoretical model of neighborhood management component can be ignited, and there is a range of social trust relations Also, examine the multivariate relationships among the five indicators that show mentioned, the only indication of "interpersonal trust" direct communication with the citizens' trust in city management and an indirect effect through other variables as interpersonal trust can be. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 270-280 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=44&rid=1382 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201382 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Neighborhood -based management, social trust, urban management, cognitive value of the trust Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rui Gonçalves Author-Name-First: Rui Author-Name-Last: Gonçalves Author-Email: e.ruigoncalves@sapo.pt Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Classical and Humanistic Studies Title: From Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas to Francisco Suárez: a survey of influential topics Abstract: Departing from the true process of translatio studii that we can find in the own roots of the connection established between philosophy and nature in the bosom of the XIIIth century European thought through the introduction in Paris via the Arabic Spain of works of Aristotle such as Physics, Metaphysics and On the Soul, several questions result pointed out in a new view as they were not since one entire millennium.Among those until then unsuspected topics we could nominate the conciliation between faith and nature, almost unknown before the scholastic age of Saint Thomas Aquinas. According to Saint Peter Damian and his two centuries older dominant precept, only in God would be conceivable the omnipotent entity creative of the universe. In his turn was adopted by Thomas Aquinas the Aristotelian concept of the unmoved mover and he manage to fit it with his famous doctrine of the Five Ways (the ?Quinque Viae? from the Summa Theologiae), as an extra manner to explain the substantive nature of God. According to him, not only we could find the divinity in the bosom of nature but also the faculty of locomotion of each different created being was an argument in addition to prove the entire creative work of God.Also the subject arisen by the discussion around the determination of the eternity of world founds support in Master Aquinas in spite of having remained the positions sustained by him on the matter with no solution all along his life. Further themes like the possible intellect and the sensations were sought developed by the Dominican theologian while exploring the Avicenna?s theories concerning the same subject in matter of psychology, maintaining all along of such a process a kind of innovative analysis on matters until then despised or forgetful.When we reach the age of the Jesuit grenadine father Francisco Suárez, and with him the plenitude of the second Spanish scholasticism, it becomes easy to verify that much of these elements crossed to or maintained their importance within this last setting. Among those acquainted as holder of decisive value over the Doctor Eximius we can account ethics, psychology, theodicy and metaphysics. Being perhaps opposed to some conceptualist ideas from the medieval scholastic domain, is due to Suárez the formulation of an authentic anthropocentric theory which was settled in the worry to consider all men as true beings without exception of race and civilization, an approach that made him much more close to the Scottish monk Duns Scotus and the English academic William of Ockham.The way by which we know now having Suárez opened new perspectives to contemporary and future Wiseman (like Descartes, Leibniz, Spinoza and Thomas Hobbes, all from the rationalist century that saw his death in Lisbon, in 1617, after the professorship exerted by him in the University of Coimbra), witnesses us enough a proof of the flows that always travelled over each main epoch of the Aristotelian and Thomistic system of thought from the very beginning of the modern age almost to our days. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 281-281 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=45&rid=1526 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201526 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Aristotle, Saint Thomas Aquinas, Francisco Suárez, Aristotelianism, Thomism, Second Scholasticism Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201526 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Linda Haukland Author-Name-First: Linda Author-Name-Last: Haukland Author-Email: Linda.Haukland@uin.no Author-Workplace-Name: University of Nordland Title: The Bologna Process: Between Democracy and Bureaucracy Abstract: The Bologna process was aimed at making a Europe of Knowledge possible, but the standardization following the development of EHEA challenged its democratic values. The diminishing of the ideal of Humboldt and even democratic values seems to be the price to build a uniformed market of education in Europe. This article examines how the Bologna process affected the university process at the University of Nordland, one of the youngest universities in Europe. Weber?s remark on the bureaucratization of education is used as a tool to reveal the ratio between democracy and bureaucracy in the process of establishing the EHEA 1999?2010. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 282-299 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=46&rid=584 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200584 Classification-JEL: I28 Keywords: The University of Nordland, Bologna, Norway, Weber, bureaucracy, Humboldt, democracy, the Quality Reform, EHEA, HEI. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200584 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tatana Hornychova Author-Name-First: Tatana Author-Name-Last: Hornychova Author-Email: hornychova.tania@email.cz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics, Prague Author-Name: Milan Damborsky Author-Name-First: Milan Author-Name-Last: Damborsky Author-Email: mdamborsky@centrum.cz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics, Prague Title: Investment incentives and relocation tendencies of large enterprises in the Czech Republic Abstract: Large enterprises represent a key group for the economy of the Czech Republic. The aim of the study is to assess the relocation tendencies of large enterprises in the Czech Republic and to assess the legitimacy of public support for these companies. The study was prepared in response to the currently debated state aid rules, which significantly change the ratio of the maximum public support for small and medium-sized enterprises and large enterprises. Since 2007, strong pressure can be perceived in the Czech Republic to move business activities abroad. These tendencies are emerging, particularly in the manufacturing industry and are caused by various factors. In addition to the natural market factors, such as rising labor costs and high corporate taxes, there are also other non-market factors including in particular investment incentives, lower standards in social and environmental protection. Relocation tendencies are stronger in case of large (multinational) companies. Therefore the Czech Republic has to compete with other states that implement very generous investment support, regardless of their economic advancement. A number of countries outside the EU (e.g. South East Europe) are currently implementing a very competitive tax policy for large investors, which could be characterized as "dumping". Similarly, this also applies to the sale of land at a discounted price and to subsidy for job creation. This is an important issue in the context of other obligations that EU countries pass on to investors. These include disproportionately tougher legislation on environmental protection and social protection of workers. Investment incentives or any form of state aid therefore work as a tool for equalizing investment conditions in an environment where it is not possible to unify public investment support with countries outside the EU. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 300-300 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=47&rid=1726 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201726 Classification-JEL: Keywords: large enterprises, Czech Republic, relocation tendencies, investment incentives, state aid Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201726 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sonya Huffman Author-Name-First: Sonya Author-Name-Last: Huffman Author-Email: skostova@iastate.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Iowa State University Title: Body Weight and Labour Market Outcomes in Post-Soviet Russia Abstract: This research focuses on the impacts of weight, measured by body mass index (BMI), on employment, wages, and missed work due to illness for Russian adults by gender using recent panel data (1994-2005) from the nationally representative Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS). We employ econometric techniques to control for unobserved heterogeneity and potential biases due to endogeneity in BMI. The results show an inverted U-shaped effect of BMI on probability of employment for men and women. We did not find evidence of wage penalty for higher BMI. In fact, the wages for overweigh men are higher. However, having a BMI above 28.3 increases the number of days missing work due to health problems for men. Overall, we find negative effects of obesity on employment only for women but not on wages. During the transition in Russia, the increasingly competitive pressure in the labour market combined with economic insecurity faced by the population has lead to a muted impact of an individualâ??s weight on labour market outcomes. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 301-301 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=48&rid=421 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200421 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Body Weight, Labour Market, Post-Soviet Russia, BMI Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ummu Ibrahim Author-Name-First: Ummu Author-Name-Last: Ibrahim Author-Email: ummulois@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Ghana Title: Perception of Child Sexual Abuse in Ghana Abstract: This is an exploratory study that sought to investigate the perceptions of people towards child sexual abuse in Ghana. It uncovers how cultural factors influence the conceptualization of child sexual abuse and how this influence children in concealing their experiences. Although some studies have been conducted on child sexual abuse in Ghana, yet its socio ? cultural context is not well understood. It is against this background that, this study becomes relevant in filling such missing gap in literature. The study therefore unearthed the socio ? cultural factors that define the phenomenon in the Ghanaian setting. Qualitative research methods were used to collect data from 25 sexually abused children via in ? depth interviews in selected communities in Ghana. Data was collected across three selected towns in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana which were Teshie, La and James Town. Respondents were seen as active participants whose insights and feeling were essential in the discussion process. Thematic Analysis was used to organize the data into appropriate themes. The findings showed that children were blamed for their sexual abuse and perpetrators are not sanctioned. This is relevant as it would aid in cultural appropriate interventions in curbing the phenomenon of child sexual abuse in Ghana. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 302-302 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=49&rid=594 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200594 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Child Sexual Abuse Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200594 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: William J. Jones Author-Name-First: William J. Author-Name-Last: Jones Author-Email: chilledout420@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: Universalizing Human Rights: The ASEAN Way Abstract: The Asian Values debate sparked by highly influential former Prime Ministers Mahathir bin Mohammad of Malaysia and Lee Kwan Yew of Singapore in the 1980?s and 1990?s sought to challenge and perhaps discredit the dominant ?Western? human rights discourse by providing a viable alternative to western universalism steeped in cultural relativism and regional particularism. The literature surrounding the Asian Values debate generally notes its decline in the aftermath of the Asian economic crisis of the late 1990?s and takes for granted that this strain of thought is no longer relevant without providing evidence for such a wide ranging claim. Not only have scholars and regional analyst decided to no longer focus on Asian Values but some insiders such as Villanueva have gone so far as to declare Asian Values dead. It is my argument that Asian Values is still present and can be proven by analyzing ASEAN legal texts such as the ASEAN Charter, ASEAN Human Rights Declaration and ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights Terms of Reference as well as internal negotiation dynamics surrounding the AHRD. Some ASEAN states in their internal negotiations surrounding the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration demonstrated a continued discourse of "Asian Values" which while no longer being mainstream is indeed still prevalent and influential in the region. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 303-320 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=50&rid=671 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200671 Classification-JEL: F50, N96 Keywords: ASEAN, AICHR, Human Rights Southeast Asia, Asian Values, ASEAN Values, ASEAN Way Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200671 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: William J. Jones Author-Name-First: William J. Author-Name-Last: Jones Author-Email: chilledout420@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: Human Rights Treaty Ratification Behavior: The ASEAN Way of Creating Standards Abstract: The signing of the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration in 2012 supposedly provides a long awaited triumph for human rights in the region and a measure by which regional human rights can finally prevail in parallel with the new ASEAN Human Rights Body. The importance of the new ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights lies in it being the first commission of its kind in Asia and a signal that human rights is finally being mainstreamed and accepted. However, as AICHR undertook its first work-plan and drafted the AHRD which fell below international standards, ASEAN's rhetoric/reality gap again came into plain view. It is my argument that there are two primary challenges to realizing universal regional human rights standards; ASEAN?s constitutive norms/identity and fragmentation of human rights understandings in national legal interpretations of international human rights instruments. To substantiate this I will analyze primary documentation and treaty ratification behavior of ASEAN states in an attempt to find out what are interests and preferences of ASEAN states in terms of human rights by analyzing treaties and reservations/declaration/statements which are attached to international human rights instruments that ASEAN states sign/accede to. Furthermore, I will demonstrate that treaty ratification behavior of ASEAN states is generally consistent with two hegemonic strains of regional thought: sovereignty fears and cultural resistance to human rights norms and standards. Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 321-336 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=51&rid=766 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200766 Classification-JEL: F50, F59 Keywords: ASEAN, ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights, Human Rights Southeast Asia, Treaty Ratification behavior Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200766 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rifat Kamasak Author-Name-First: Rifat Author-Name-Last: Kamasak Author-Email: rkamasak@yeditepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Yeditepe University, Faculty of Commerce Author-Name: Meltem Yavuz Author-Name-First: Meltem Author-Name-Last: Yavuz Author-Email: meltem.yavuz@istanbul.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Istanbul University; School of Transportation and Logistics Title: Organisational routines may not be effective for the emerging market firms Abstract: Understanding the internal dynamics of an organisation?s routines makes it possible to learn more about the organisation, observe the operation of power dynamics, and foresee the potential conflicts that are likely to emerge (Pentland & Feldman, 2005). Eisenhardt and Martin (2000, p. 1106) identify routines as ?complex and analytic processes that extensively rely on existing knowledge, linear execution, and repetition to produce predictable outcomes at different organisational levels?. Routines facilitate the learning in the organisations about ?what the firm does and how it does? through being transmitted to firm?s culture and employees (Zollo & Winter, 2002). Although organisational routine literature based on the research that was mostly conducted in developed countries suggests a strong association between routinisation and firm performance and sustained competitive advantage, this may not always be true especially for the emerging market firms. Emerging market firms operate in a business environment where rapid economic growth, political instability, investor heterogeneity (as a result of offering different information sets to different investors), high level of uncertainty, financial volatility and risk, less transparency and legal frameworks allowing opportunism, corruption and rent shifting dominate the whole market (Hoskisson et al., 2000; Nowak-Lehmann et al., 2007). Hence, strategic flexibility which ?allows firms to respond quickly to dynamic and unstable environmental changes by committing resources to new courses of action, and recognise and act promptly when it is time to halt or reverse existing resource commitments? (Liu et al., 2013, p. 82) is particularly important for the firms operating in emerging markets. Therefore, repetitive and stable routines may not address the context and environment-specific problems of the firms and high strategic flexibility requirement of emerging market firms may discharge routinisation for their strategic operations.As a support to this argument, a recent research (Kamasak, 2013) that was conducted on a multi-industry sample of 176 Turkish firms revealed some noteworthy results. In the study, whilst no relationship between organisational routines and organisational performance was found business processes were significantly associated with performance. In fact, this finding is consistent with the high strategic flexibility requirements of the Turkish firms. Therefore, the suggestion about the ineffectiveness of organisational routines for emerging market firms may be explained within the context of high strategic flexibility requirements of them as a consequence of the country-specific hyperchanging social, economic, and political environments that were highly observed in most emerging markets. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 337-346 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=52&rid=686 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200686 Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: Organisational routines, strategic flexibility, firm performance, emerging market firms Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200686 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rakesh Kawatra Author-Name-First: Rakesh Author-Name-Last: Kawatra Author-Email: kawatra@mnsu.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Minnesota State University-Mankato Title: TWO-PHASE HEURISTIC FOR CAPACITATED DEGREE CONSTRAINED MIN-SUM ARBORESCENCE Abstract: We present a two-phase heuristic for designing a capacitated degree constrained min sum arborescence. For a given directed graph G(V,E) where V={0, 1,?,n} with nonnegative costs Cij for each (i,j) ? E, our heuristic finds a minimum cost arborescence rooted at node 1 that spans the set {0, 1,?,n} with a constraint that the number of edges incident on each node i ? {1,2,?,n} is limited to a predetermined number constrained by the number of ports available on them (degree constraint). Additionally, the polling and response time constraints limit the number of nodes in the sub-trees rooted at node 1 (capacity constraint) predefined number. Lower bounds given for the integer programming formulation of the problem by our heuristic is used to estimate the quality of the solutions. Experimental results over a wide range of problem structures show that the two-phase heuristic gives verifiably good solutions to this problem. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 347-347 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=53&rid=1371 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201371 Classification-JEL: C00, C61, C60 Keywords: Integer programming; network design; heuristics; Lagrangian relaxation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Fedai KAYA Author-Name-First: Mehmet Fedai Author-Name-Last: KAYA Author-Email: fkaya@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Statistics Author-Name: Muslu Kaz?m KÖREZ Author-Name-First: Muslu Kaz?m Author-Name-Last: KÖREZ Author-Email: kkorez@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Statistics Author-Name: Süleyman DÜNDAR Author-Name-First: Süleyman Author-Name-Last: DÜNDAR Author-Email: dundar@aku.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Afyon Kocatepe University, Science Faculty, Department of Statistics Title: Estimation of the Distribution of Remaning Life Time of the People in Turkey Abstract: The distribution of lifetime is one of the most important factors for the determination of the population volume. Knowing the population volume is of great importance for the future planning. For the future planning depending on the population volume, it is necessary to know the distribution of lifetime. Accordingly in this study, the distribution of lifetime of people in Turkey was examined. Obtained from the Turkish statistical Institute (TUIK) lifetime statistics of the years between 2004 and 2012 were used in this study. Data contain lifetime between 0-105 years. Lifetime distribution was found for each year. Furthermore the probability distribution was found that a person who was known to have lived at least c years might live more at least x years. Lifetime was modelled by three parameters Dagum distribution. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 348-362 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=54&rid=1556 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201556 Classification-JEL: C15, C13, C55 Keywords: Lifetime Distribution, Dagum Distribution, Parameter, Estimation, Average Life Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201556 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?brahim Hakk? KAYNAK Author-Name-First: ?brahim Hakk? Author-Name-Last: KAYNAK Author-Email: ihkaynak@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Tourism Faculty Title: IMPORTANCE AND MEANING OF SOCIAL PEACE IN TERMS OF THREE MONOTHESISTIC RELIGIOUS Abstract: Social peace is a reality in the existence of humanity. It is an essentialness that humanity's longing with an optimist approach. Social peace is a way of sustaining social life distant from internal conflict. It is one of the objectives of social politics, which offer peaceful solutions to the disputes and conflicts that may arise from disagreements and social tensions among national and international various sectors of society. Thus, this reduces all kinds of social tensions and ensures social peace and it represents the ideal situation. It has been a major problem to ensure the social peace all along for every society. Secular paradigms set out in the secular world of Western-Centric, despite all the sophistication longed at the point of social peace, has not reached the expected level. Since the early history of, perhaps, since Cain and Abel, provision of social peace which is ''a human problem? has been much more difficult and complex matter of life. While the steps through rule of law, strengthening democracy and democratic social life create positive results in certain region of the world, on the other hand unemployment, disease, exploitation and hunger continue to tyrannise a large part of the world. All this has directly affected anyone in the world since it occurs in a global village. In this study, after putting the key elements of social peace and the obstacles in front of the meaning and importance of social peace will be discussed in terms of the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam). Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 363-375 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=55&rid=1298 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201298 Classification-JEL: Z00, Z00, Z00 Keywords: Social Peace, Religious, Humanity Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201298 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ramazan KIRAC Author-Name-First: Ramazan Author-Name-Last: KIRAC Author-Email: ramazan46k@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Yunus Emre OZTURK Author-Name-First: Yunus Emre Author-Name-Last: OZTURK Author-Email: yunuseozturk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Cetin Bebe Author-Name-First: Cetin Author-Name-Last: Bebe Author-Email: cetinbebe@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: THE EFFECT OF JCI (JOINT COMMISION INTERNATIONAL) ON PATIENTS COMING FROM ABROAD IN THE CONTEXT OF HEALTH TOURISM Abstract: To evaluate the effect of the JCI quality document on the potential of patients coming from abroad in these cope of health tourism from the point of view of administratorsImportance: Studies examining the effects of JCI on health tourism are limited, the geographical position of our country is suitable for tourism, and there are new policies in the health sector. For these reasons we were motivated to conduct this study. The opinions of 60 administrators working in different positions in Group 4 A, JCI certificated hospitals on the Anatolian side of Istanbul were evaluated. The study was carried out over two months between February and March. For the reliability of collecting instruments, the value of Cronbach alpha was calculated and found to be 0.93. Thus, the survey had internal consistency. Validity analyses were conducted. It was established that the data were compatible with normal distributions, and parametric significance tests were used. 80% of those participating in the study were females and 20% males. 30% were in the 20 -29 age group; 53% between 30 -39; and 16.7% between 40-49. 65% were married. 36.7% had Bachelor?s degrees; 25% had tertiary training; 20% had postgraduate degrees; and 18.3% were high school graduates. 40 % had 1-5 years of service in the institute, 36.7 %, 6 - 10 years; 16.7%, less than one year; and 6.7%, more than 10 years. 43.3 % worked as middle level managers; 36.7 as middle level managers and 20% as top level managers. There is an inconclusive attitude about whether JCI is cost effective. In terms of JCI to the cost effectiveness, most administrators were undecided. The managers remained uncertain about whether better communication would be made between health professionals and the patients and their families and whether patients and their families would participate in all processes. Administrators were undecided about time loss occurring in the course of patient care.Administrators agreed with the view that JCI provided an image of international reliability and competitiveness. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 376-387 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=56&rid=1454 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201454 Classification-JEL: M10, I12, I19 Keywords: JCI, Health Tourism, Quality, Accreditation, Hospital Accreditation, Administrator Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201454 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Murat KOÇY???T Author-Name-First: Murat Author-Name-Last: KOÇY???T Author-Email: mkocyigit@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Tourism Faculty Author-Name: Mustafa YILDIZ Author-Name-First: Mustafa Author-Name-Last: YILDIZ Author-Email: mustafayildiz@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Tourism Faculty Department of Recreation Management Title: THE RECREATION APPLICATIONS IN LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONS: THE MODEL OF ANKARA CITY Abstract: In our world which develops in technologic and industrial fields people?s; life style, working conditions and time terms have changed. The fast industrialization and immobile life, have brought the important dangers in terms of health and social connection. Dramatically increases have been observed in diseases such as the cardiovascular diseases, stress, tension, fatness. The studies have accelerated in developed nations for removing those factors which threaten the human health in all aspects. For the development of the term Recreation in Turkey, and in order to access to the developed nations in terms of Recreation initially this term must be understood by all the people, teaching its principles and manufacture manners, the classification of kinds must be done. For this job in the fields related with the Recreation sector in Turkey, it seems the Recreation experts are required who are elevated in scientific environments, and can accord to the technologic developments and having enough academic sufficiency. The importance of recreation applications in local administrations have started to be understood newly. In this context the aim of the working, is to examine the recreation applications done by Ankara Municipality of Metropol, by researching the plants and applications methods about the recreation, to create the substructure which would form an example for a study to be example for the recreation applications in other Metropolitan Municipalities. In that study, the Recreation applications reports published by Ankara Metropolitan Municipality web page, have been examined by the content analysis method. From the content analysis method, it has been made firm that Ankara Metropolitan Municipality has got an immense study for increasing the recreation application fields and the recreative activities. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 388-398 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=57&rid=1266 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201266 Classification-JEL: L83, L83, L83 Keywords: Recreation, Local Administrations, Ankara Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201266 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anchalee Kokanuch Author-Name-First: Anchalee Author-Name-Last: Kokanuch Author-Email: anchalee_k@kkumail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Khon Kaen University Author-Name: Khwanruedee Tuntrabundit Author-Name-First: Khwanruedee Author-Name-Last: Tuntrabundit Author-Email: K_tuntrabundit@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Khon Kaen University Title: Knowledge Sharing Capability and Organizational Performance: A Theoretical Perspective Abstract: Knowledge sharing aspect can be described by which organizational employees exchange, collaboratively generate their knowledge, and integrate it into organizational knowledge. To date, studies on antecedents for knowledge sharing capability and knowledge sharing success are rare, and little research concerning the role of knowledge sharing capability in organizational performances has been conducted. This paper, therefore, focuses on three areas of knowledge sharing capability: dimensions of knowledge sharing capability, the antecedents of knowledge sharing in an organizational context, and their consequences that were built upon the review of previous empirical studies. According to the existing literature, integrated organizational structure, organizational climate, motivational work design, and organizational culture play roles on knowledge sharing. Three dimensions of knowledge sharing capability (i.e., knowledge sharing readiness, richness interchanging knowledge, and continuous knowledge integration) are accordingly developed for this study. In this study, knowledge sharing outcomes are analyzed by knowledge sharing success and organizational performances. This conceptual framework can be used to foster the effectiveness of knowledge sharing at the organizational level. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 399-408 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=58&rid=1412 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201412 Classification-JEL: D21 Keywords: Knowledge sharing capability, knowledge sharing success, organizational performances Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201412 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marko Korhonen Author-Name-First: Marko Author-Name-Last: Korhonen Author-Email: marko.korhonen@oulu.fi Author-Workplace-Name: University of Oulu, Department of Economics Title: The relation between national stock prices and effective exchange rates: Does it affect exchange rate exposure? Abstract: There is twofold contribution in this paper. First, by using monthly data for 8 industrialized countries for the period 1973-2011 we find evidence of time-varying cointegration relationship between effective exchange rates and national stock market indices. Second, we show that stock markets react differently on exchange rate changes depending on the connection between exchange rate and stock market. More specifically, we provide statistically significant evidence that the effect of the exchange rate exposure varies with the cointegration relation between stock and foreign exchange rate markets. This leads us to conclude that the exchange rate exposure is a time-varying non-linear process that follows exchange rate and stock market movements. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 409-423 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=59&rid=1346 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201346 Classification-JEL: F31, F37, G15 Keywords: Exchange rate exposure, stock market returns, ARDL, cointegration, threshold Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tillotson Li Author-Name-First: Tillotson Author-Name-Last: Li Author-Email: tillotsonli@twc.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: Tung Wah College Title: A case study of peer-rater differences in Hong Kong Abstract: Assessing student performance in higher education has never been easy. Pedagogy to engage students in learning and make them own their learning has become increasingly popular. The paradigm of teaching has switched from teacher-centered to student-centered. Likewise, students? involvement in assessments (self- and peer-assessments) is becoming more common. Self- and peer-assessment have widely been researched and evidenced in enhancing and motivating student learning. Differences in assessment results between peers and instructor have been found insignificant. However, differences among peers have not been studied much. The purpose of this paper is to investigate differences among peer raters. Do friends rate more leniently and not-so-friendly peers rate more stringently? Data were collected from a business communication course delivered at a Hong Kong private higher education institute for fall 2013. The course had 108 students in 3 sections, and 28 groups were formed to work on a case study. Students were required to orally present their case studies. Presentation was graded by both peer-rater groups and the instructor. For inter-rater differences, 22 of the 28 groups were rated significantly differently (P < 0.05) by their peers. However, the Cronbach?s alpha for all groups (n = 28) is 0.952 indicating high inter-rater reliability. When the 28 groups were analyzed separately, a total of 19 (67.86%) groups had Cronbach?s alpha below the benchmark 0.7 reliability threshold, but only three (10.71%) of them were significant (p < 0.05). Among the 94 anonymous questionnaires collected from students after the process, 18 students (19.15%) admitted they had awarded more marks to friendly groups; and 10 (10.64%) had awarded less marks to unfriendly groups. Six students have both awarded more and less marks to peers due to personal relationship. Discriminatory rating by individual students existed, but it was uncertain if final grades were affected.Seventy-one (75.53%) students agreed that observing other students? presentation helped, and sixty-seven (71.28%) students agreed that the exercise trained their critical thinking skills.Peer-assessment not only enhances and motivates students? learning, but also makes evaluation of student performance more transparent. This may reduce grade dispute between teacher and students. To reduce impact on final grade from favoritism and/or hostile grading among peers, instructors may consider removing the highest/lowest marks from peer-rater groups and reducing the weight of peer-assessment on the final grade. What is more important is what students learn from the process. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 424-438 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=60&rid=943 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200943 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Peer-assessment, discriminatory grading, peer raters. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200943 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sameer Ahmad Mastoor Author-Name-First: Sameer Ahmad Author-Name-Last: Mastoor Author-Email: sameerm@nrap.gov.af Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Finance Afghanistan Title: Islamic Banking System in Afghanistan Abstract: The banking sectors have played a vital role in Afghanistan, economic development in past one decade and Islamic banking is widely regarded as the fastest growing sector in the Middle Eastern financial services market. Billion worth of funds are now managed according to Shariah. As Islamic banking is a new concept in our country and all citizens of Afghanistan are Muslims and this document would also help other nations therefore its very import for them to know about Islamic banking and its products schemes.Islamic banking system must steer clear of interest. Theoretically speaking, there is no concept of loans and credits in Islam for financing trade, industry and agriculture except Qard Hassana and where profit and loss sharing is not feasible like interest free loans given by federal government to provincial governments for their developmental needs. Islamic banks, therefore, involve themselves in financing (short, medium, and long term) for the working capital requirements, and also contribute to the capital of an enterprise by participating in its equity. These financings are on profit and loss sharing basis. Islamic banks also mobilize resources on profit and loss sharing basis as distinct from interest payments to depositors on predetermined rates.Prohibition of interest is ordained in Islam in all forms and intent. This prohibition is strict, absolute and unambiguous. So with this reference the project titled has been conducted, based on the primary research in Maiwand Bank, (MB) and literature review and secondary data from various sources. Division has been prepared to get a better insight into the Islamic Banking practices applied by MB with reference to DAB guidelines provided to them to practice accordingly. With reference to this context, this research project is been prepared to find out customers satisfaction and awareness about Islamic banking in Afghanistan. This research project includes meaning and definition of Islamic Banking, Riba, and Islamic banking procuts such as Musharaka, Mudarabah, Murabaha, Ijarah, Salam and Istisna. Length: 50 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 439-488 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=61&rid=302 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200302 Classification-JEL: E58 Keywords: Islamic Banking System in Afghanistan Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Abdul Rashid Mohamed Author-Name-First: Abdul Rashid Author-Name-Last: Mohamed Author-Email: richsesusm@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia Title: Now Everyone can Measure Grammar Ability through the Use of Grammar Assessment System Abstract: This paper describes an initiative to systematically gauge English as Second Language (ESL) learners' grammar proficiency. Grammar Assessment System was developed with the goal to determine learners' grammar proficiency and placing learners in their respective grammar proficiency levels. The novelty of the Grammar Assessment System is in the three notable elements, Grammar Test, Grammar Matrix and Grammar Descriptor. The purpose of the Grammar Test is to measure learnersâ?? grammar proficiency levels while the Grammar Matrix is used to categorise and place learners in the precise grammar proficiency levels. Subsequently, the Grammar Descriptors provides descriptions of learners' grammar proficiency. ESL teachers can make use of the information generated by the Grammar Assessment System to systematically plan remedial and enrichment activities for learners. The main objective of this study is to construct a generic grammar proficiency test instrument (that transcends from Year 7 to Year 11) which is valid, reliable and practical that can discriminate and sort students into specific grammar proficiency categories. After developing, piloting and calibrating a prototype grammar proficiency test in a school (where respondents consisted of Year 7 to Year 11 students aged between 13 to 17 years old) the researcher proceeded to develop the "cut-score" to establish the "Bands" of performers. The tested instrument was then administered on Year 10 students in Penang and the data gathered was analysed and benchmarked to set indicators (Exceed Standard, Meet Standard, Below Standard and Academic Warning). These indicators point to the students' grammar proficiency.118 Year 10 students in a sub-urban secondary school participated in this study.The findings of this study however, showed that the majority of the students are in Band 2 (28.6%) (Academic Warning), 31.9% are in Band 3 (Academic Warning) while 26.4% are in Band 4 (Below Standard). Only 7.7% of the Year 10 students are in Band 5 (Meet Standard) whereas 5.5% are in Band 6 (Exceed Standard). The studyâ??s value lies in its capacity to provide practising teachers with a set of indicators to gain accurate information with regards to their studentsâ?? grammar proficiency and consequently plan grammar lessons tailored to the needs of the students. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 489-489 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=62&rid=242 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200242 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Grammar Assessment System, Grammar Test, Grammar Matrix, Grammar Descriptor Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Abdul Rashid Mohamed Author-Name-First: Abdul Rashid Author-Name-Last: Mohamed Author-Email: linsieweng@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA Author-Name: Shaik Abdul Malik Mohamed Ismail Author-Name-First: Shaik Abdul Malik Author-Name-Last: Mohamed Ismail Author-Email: samohame@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA Author-Name: LIN SIEW ENG Author-Name-First: LIN Author-Name-Last: SIEW ENG Author-Email: linsieweng@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA Title: Now Everyone can Measure Grammar Ability through the Use of Grammar Assessment System Abstract: This paper describes an initiative to systematically gauge English as Second Language (ESL) learners? grammar proficiency. Grammar Assessment System was developed with the goal to determine learners? grammar proficiency and placing learners in their respective grammar proficiency levels. The novelty of the Grammar Assessment System is in the three notable elements; Grammar Test, Grammar Matrix and Grammar Descriptor. The purpose of the Grammar Test is to measure learners? grammar proficiency levels while the Grammar Matrix is used to categorise and place learners in the precise grammar proficiency levels. Subsequently, the Grammar Descriptors provides descriptions of learners? grammar proficiency. ESL teachers can make use of the information generated by the Grammar Assessment System to systematically plan remedial and enrichment activities for learners. The main objective of this study is to construct a generic grammar proficiency test instrument (that transcends from Year 7 to Year 11) which is valid, reliable and practical that can discriminate and sort students into specific grammar proficiency categories. After developing, piloting and calibrating a prototype grammar proficiency test in a school (where respondents consisted of Year 7 to Year 11 students aged between 13 to 17 years old) the researcher proceeded to develop the ?cut-score? to establish the ?Bands? of performers. The tested instrument was then administered on Year 10 students in Penang and the data gathered was analysed and benchmarked to set indicators (Exceed Standard, Meet Standard, Below Standard and Academic Warning). These indicators point to the students? grammar proficiency.118 Year 10 students in a sub-urban secondary school participated in this study.The findings of this study however, showed that the majority of the students are in Band 2 (28.6%) (Academic Warning), 31.9% are in Band 3 (Academic Warning) while 26.4% are in Band 4 (Below Standard). Only 7.7% of the Year 10 students are in Band 5 (Meet Standard) whereas 5.5% are in Band 6 (Exceed Standard). The study?s value lies in its capacity to provide practising teachers with a set of indicators to gain accurate information with regards to their students? grammar proficiency and consequently plan grammar lessons tailored to the needs of the students. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 490-490 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=63&rid=1292 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201292 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Grammar Assessment System, Grammar Test, Grammar Matrix, Grammar Descriptor Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Pedro Moreira Author-Name-First: Pedro Author-Name-Last: Moreira Author-Email: pmoreirasys@netscape.net Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Tourism Studies, Macau SAR, PR China Author-Name: Christina Iao Author-Name-First: Christina Author-Name-Last: Iao Author-Email: christina@ift.edu.mo Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Tourism Studies, Macau SAR, PR China Title: A longitudinal study on the factors of destination image, destination attraction and destination loyalty Abstract: Destination loyalty is identified as a universal concept with links to destination image. These links are derived from shared fundamental attributes that generate positive or negative effects on the attractiveness of a travel destination. This research study approaches the concept of destination loyalty in relation to the factors of destination image and destination attraction through a longitudinal comparison of data of 2012 and 2013. A destination factors model is proposed. From the analysis, the integrator ?Personal overall image of the destination?, the ultimate factor that reflects the destination image as a holographic complexity of perceptions, is confirmed as a regression target for a number of factors of the proposed theoretical model. Against the theoretical expectations, a significant effect of the integrator on travel decisions was not confirmed. Destination attributes associated with higher rankings and lower rankings revealed significant effects on the integrator. These attributes show the degree of perceived attraction on travelers and tourists and highlight the development priorities and the development performance of the destination. The proposed model and the isolated factors of destination image, destination attraction and destination loyalty allow a wide range of possible applications to the evaluation of performance and development of destinations, and enable the identification and consolidation of competitive advantages towards an evolution to a future scenario of economic sustainability. Length: 22 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 491-512 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=64&rid=1486 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201486 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Destination loyalty, destination image, destination attraction, destination fatigue, sustainable competitive advantage, destination perception. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hüseyin Mu?mal Author-Name-First: Hüseyin Author-Name-Last: Mu?mal Author-Email: hmusmal@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University Title: THE INCIDENTS OF VIOLANCE TO WOMAN AND ABORTION ACCORDING TO COURT RECORDS OF KONYA AT THE FIRST HALF OF XVIII. CENTURY Abstract: The study that called as the incidents of violance to women and abortion according to court records of Konya at the first half of XVIII. Century, in general scale aims to investigate view of man to woman in familiy in Ottoman Public. Besides, it targets determination of difference of man and woman?s attitutes and behaviors in the scale of case that was seen in court records particularly in Konya.As unspoken topic, there are cases that pegnant women demanded punishment or purchase Money when they aborted or gave prematüre birth after argument and beating. Particularly this study aims to investigate determination of historical bound of leaning about violance to woman; and in generally, aims to investigate view of man to woman in example of Konya public in Konya city which was one of the biggest city of Anatolia in Ottoman Empire era an deven now is between the biggest cities of Republic of Türkiye and is known with conservative side, by using these cases. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 513-513 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=65&rid=1299 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201299 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Woman / Konya / Ottoman Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201299 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yoshiyuki Nakura Author-Name-First: Yoshiyuki Author-Name-Last: Nakura Author-Email: a12.d6aa@g.chuo-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Chuo university Title: Time Lens perspective for Assembly Type Manufactures Abstract: The purpose of this study is time perspective for assembly type manufacturing industry to affect the competitive conditions, which are the constraints of time and a distributed work activity, for every business involved in the value chain. The Internet as a communication media became the industrial infrastructure that supports business activities. Business environment for enterprise activity varies substantially in a short time, became diverse business operation and unique management strategy would be feasible. It has become a difficult to adapt to the changing competitive environment. As a result, between organizations require a positive attitude for communication. A innovation is the way to solve problems. However the goal of innovation is not only to develop new products but also to create various intangible management resources, which are knowledge of the market, and technical know how. Stimulation of this innovation is induced by feedback of information. That is, companies located downstream of manufacturing process as a user, have a knowledge of problem solving, it is likely contributes to stimulate innovation. Information sensitivity for innovation, that is the speed of information processing efficiency and selection of information are the organizational capability. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 514-527 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=66&rid=1590 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201590 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Time perspective, competitive environment, innovation, information sensitivity Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201590 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Behi Nikaiin Author-Name-First: Behi Author-Name-Last: Nikaiin Author-Email: bnikaiin@ucalgary.ca Author-Workplace-Name: University of Calgary-Qatar Title: Exploring Professional Intervention and Support for Breastfeeding Practices in the Primary Health Care Centers in Qatar: A Mixed-Method Study Abstract: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended as the optimal way to feed infants during the first months of infancy. Despite this fact, a UNICEF report shows that only 12% of mothers in the state of Qatar exclusively breastfed their babies during 6 months after birth. This study is a follow up to a previous qualitative study Contextual factors influencing breastfeeding practices in Qatar that was conducted in 2010. One of the findings of the study, which was repeatedly suggested by the participants, was that both the hospital sector and primary health care services should be actively providing support to mothers to improve the breastfeeding practices in Qatar. Objectives: 1) gain insight on the existing support systems that are available to breastfeeding mothers the primary health care centers in Qatar (2) explore the breastfeeding promotion initiatives to improve breastfeeding practices among women in Qatar (3) identify the culturally appropriate ways of implementing the required initiatives from the health care providers' perspective 4) determine the percentage of mothers who received breastfeeding counseling in a limited period of time and if they find counseling influential and effective. Methods: A mixed-method design has been chosen to address the above questions. The study consists of two major sections: a qualitative and a quantitative part. For the qualitative part, 30 doctors and nurses of the prenatal and post partum clinics have been interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. For the quantitative portion of the study, a survey questionnaire was provided to 700 mothers who visit the primary health care centers during prenatal and postnatal visits. Result: This is an ongoing study and the results will be finalized by March 2014. Linking research findings to policy-making, service delivery, and practice are important dimensions of this project. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 528-528 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=67&rid=90 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200090 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Breastfeeding Practices, Primary Health Care Centers Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200090 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Aliya Nugumanova Author-Name-First: Aliya Author-Name-Last: Nugumanova Author-Email: yalisha@yandex.kz Author-Workplace-Name: East Kazakhstan State Technical University Author-Name: Dinara Issabaeva Author-Name-First: Dinara Author-Name-Last: Issabaeva Author-Email: din.iss22@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kumash Nurgaliev College Author-Name: Yerzhan Baiburin Author-Name-First: Yerzhan Author-Name-Last: Baiburin Author-Email: ebaiburin@ektu.kz Author-Workplace-Name: East Kazakhstan State Technical University Title: Automatic Generation of Association Thesaurus Based on Domain-Specific Text Collection Abstract: The given work examines distributive approach for automatic generation of the associative thesauri of a definite domain. Distributive approach is based on assumption that presence of associative link among terms of the domain is defined by the statistics of their co-occurence in thematically related discources. The advantage of distributive approach is defined by the fact that it uses raw basic material (for example collection of documents of the domain) and it does not use additional knowledge about the domain. Distributive approach is supported only by mathematical apparatus of statistics and does not take into account neither lexical nor semantic information, that is why this approach let cover extensive lexical space of terms. However it leads to the main shortcoming of the approach, i.e. it produces excessive amount of ?unnecessary? links among words which are less informative from utilitarian point of view. For solving set problems in the given work it is suggested to use special approach represented by combination of methods of distributive statistics, latent semantic analysis and graph theory. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 529-538 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=68&rid=1861 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201861 Classification-JEL: C80 Keywords: LSA, thesaurus, chi-square test, graph Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201861 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kylie O'Brien Author-Name-First: Kylie Author-Name-Last: O'Brien Author-Email: kylie-obrien@aias.com.au Author-Workplace-Name: Australian Institute of Applied Sciences Author-Name: Peter Hartley Author-Name-First: Peter Author-Name-Last: Hartley Author-Email: peter.hartley@vu.edu.au Author-Workplace-Name: Victoria University Author-Name: David Dawson Author-Name-First: David Author-Name-Last: Dawson Author-Email: david.dawson@vu.edu.au Author-Workplace-Name: Victoria University Author-Name: Jason Quick Author-Name-First: Jason Author-Name-Last: Quick Author-Email: jason.quick@vu.edu.au Author-Workplace-Name: Victoria University Author-Name: Amber Moore Author-Name-First: Amber Author-Name-Last: Moore Author-Email: amber-moore@aias.com.au Author-Workplace-Name: Australian Institute of Applied Sciences Title: A look from the employer?s perspective: work readiness of paramedic graduates in Australia Abstract: The education of paramedics is undergoing significant change in Australia, moving from a post-employment model of in-house training to a pre-employment model where education is a bachelor degree in a University. However, little is known about what capabilities employers seek in paramedic graduates. Most Universities in Australia claim they are developing graduate capabilities which include discipline knowledge and capabilities and generic skills, the so called ?soft skills? that employees value. Generic skills include communication skills, teamwork skills, critical thinking and others. Indeed professional associations representing Australian paramedics value such capabilities. We were interested to know whether paramedic training programs in Australia delivering work-ready graduates, and what skills and knowledge employers desire from a graduate in order to better inform educators. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior operational and educational personnel from Australian employers of paramedics. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. This presentation will explore the results of this Australian study. The results, although specific to the paramedic industry, may well be applicable to other healthcare disciplines. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 539-539 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=69&rid=1450 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201450 Classification-JEL: I00 Keywords: paramedics, work readiness, graduate capabilities Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201450 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Imo Martin Obot Author-Name-First: Imo Martin Author-Name-Last: Obot Author-Email: drimoobot@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Calabar Title: Influence of Teachers? Competence in Subject Matter on Students? Interest the Learning of Social Studies Education in Akwa Ibom State in nigeria Abstract: Within the background of perceived decrease in students? interest in learning, the research on Influence of Teachers? competence in subject matter on students? interest the learning of social studies Education in Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria will be aimed at determining the contributions of students? perception of teachers? competence in subject matter on students? interest in learning with particular attention to Social Studies Education. The ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. Null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The data for the work were collected with the help of a ITCSMSILS (Influence of Teachers? competence in subject matter on students? interest the learning of social studies) questionnaire as the working instrument. The stratified random sampling technique and the simple random sampling technique were adopted for the choice of samples from the population which consisted of all Social Studies Education Students in Akwa Ibom State. The face and content validity were established and the alpha Cronbach coefficient was used to establish the reliability of the instrument. The collected data was then coded and analyzed using the One way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The hypotheses were calculated at F-value of 10.30 to be significant at 0.05 level with a critical value of 3.00. The Fishers?LSD Multiple Comparison Analysis was used to determine the group means that brought the significance. All showed that students with moderate and high level perception of teachers? characteristics experienced more interest in Social Studies Education than students with low level perception. Based on the above result conclusions was drawn that teachers? knowledge of subject matter has much influence on interest in learning with particular reference to Social Studies Education. Some recommendations made including the need to ensure proper and effective teacher education in Nigeria. Length: 19 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 540-558 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=70&rid=754 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200754 Classification-JEL: I29, I28, I29 Keywords: Teachers' Competence, Students' Interest and Learning Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200754 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Oesterheld Author-Name-First: Christian Author-Name-Last: Oesterheld Author-Email: christian.oes@mahidol.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: East German Socialism and the Khmer Rouge Revolution: Insights from the GDR?s Diplomatic Archives Abstract: This paper analyzes East German perceptions of the Khmer Rouge revolution, particularly its ideological tenants vis-à-vis other communist and socialist currents, as well as developments of the movement?s diplomat relations before and during its exercise of power. The German Democratic Republic?s diplomatic archives for the period of Democratic Kampuchea (1975-1979), the Khmer Rouge?s extremist utopia, have recently become publicly accessible. The archival holdings provide a wide-ranging collection of internal assessments, official propaganda materials, diplomatic cables and minutes of ambassadorial meetings, as well as communication between the GDR?s diplomatic corps and its Ministry of Foreign Affairs. My analysis of these thus far unknown materials suggests that, initially, East Germany ? exemplary also for other regimes of the Soviet block ? pursued a delusive hope of integrating the Khmer Rouge into a worldwide socialist brotherhood, with some, if skeptical, praise for the daring policies of Democratic Kampuchea?s early phase. Two years into the regime, however, a sharp decline in the European socialist euphoria towards Khmer Rouge style communism can be noted, accelerated by growing tensions between Democratic Kampuchea and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam which ultimately led to the Third Indochina War. At the same time, the GDR?s diplomatic archives provide irritated accounts for the Khmer Rouge?s heightened interest in developing diplomatic relations with the Third World and western nations.The wide range of archival documents analyzed here helps to foster a more differentiated understanding of intra-ideological debates in socialist and communist countries during a critical phase of the Cold War and contributes further to the hitherto fragmentary assessment of the Khmer Rouge?s ideology. Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 559-574 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=71&rid=843 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200843 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Khmer Rouge ; Democratic Kampuchea ; East Germany ; Diplomatic Relations ; Ideology Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200843 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Oesterheld Author-Name-First: Christian Author-Name-Last: Oesterheld Author-Email: christian.oes@mahidol.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: Scapegoating Cambodia?s ?Yuon?: Historical Perspectives on Khmer Anti-Vietnamism Abstract: Despite macro-level advances in ASEAN regional cooperation, on the ground anti-Vietnamese xenophobia remains an unsavory reality in contemporary Cambodia. During the 2013 national elections the newly constituted Cambodian National Rescue Party (CNRP), a merger of the Sam Rainsy Party (SRP) and the Human Rights Party (HRP), has capitalized strongly on anti-Vietnamese sentiments, leading to some minor violent incidents and a prolonged discussion on a renewal of racialism in contemporary Cambodia.Against widely hold views that the strong anti-Vietnamese animus constitutes a century-old historical continuity, this paper argues that popular Khmer anti-Vietnamism is predominantly based on folklorist representations of the lower Mekong delta?s early and mid 19th century social history and that it has undergone two significant ? and closely interrelated ? transformations in the course of Cambodia?s political history throughout the 20th century. The first transformative framework concerns times of crisis in the constitutive periods of Cambodian independence in the 1940s as well as the reconstitution of Cambodian statehood and nationalism in the early 1970s and again in the early 1990s. Building on René Girard?s mimetic theory, this paper argues that the Vietnamese minority in Cambodia has been ?scapegoated? as a ?dispensable other? which could be sacrificed in order to re-establish social cohesion in times of intra-societal conflict. As a result, the colloquial Khmer term ?yuon?, formerly used as a neutral ethnic denomination, has assumed an increasingly derogatory meaning. Intrinsically related to the issue of ?scapegoating? is a second transformative moment which concerns the politicization of anti-Vietnamese sentiments in late 20th century Cambodia. It is argued here that this latter transformation has been fostered by ultra-nationalist tenants of Khmer Rouge ideology in the wake of the Third Indochina War. Ever since, divergent political camps have been prone to the use of anti-Vietnamese racialism in order to mobilize support from the Cambodian electorate. By de-cyphering the historical repertoires of Khmer xenophobia against their Vietnamese neighbors, this paper suggests that contemporary Cambodian society continues to fail in its attempts to overcome the social legacy of decades of civil war and factionalist infighting. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 575-588 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=72&rid=880 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200880 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Xenophobia ; Cambodia ; Vietnamese minority Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200880 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hulisi Ö?üt Author-Name-First: Hulisi Author-Name-Last: Ö?üt Author-Email: hogut@etu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: TOBB Economics and Technology University Author-Name: Asunur Cezar Author-Name-First: Asunur Author-Name-Last: Cezar Author-Email: acezar@etu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: TOBB University of Economics and Tehnology Author-Name: Merve Guven Author-Name-First: Merve Author-Name-Last: Guven Author-Email: merveeguven@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural and Rural Development Support Institution Title: Market Share Analysis of Mobile Operators in Turkey Abstract: We investigate the factors influencing the demand for mobile voice services in Turkey using firm level data which spans from January 2008 to December 2012. The competition in mobile telecommunication market in Turkey has become more intense as a result of mobile number portability (MNP) service introduced in 2008 and 3G technology introduced in 2009. The intense competition not only helps to keep prices down but also supports subscriber growth. Besides prices, we believe that network effects have an impact on market growth. Approximating sales levels using subscription levels and churn rates and using revenue per minute (RPM) as a price measure, we find that while price has a significant negative impact on the demand for mobile services, network effects has a significant positive impact on demand for mobile services. We also estimate own and cross price elasticities of the firms operating in mobile telecommunication market. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 589-589 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=73&rid=930 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200930 Classification-JEL: L96 Keywords: telecommunication;3G; mobile number portability Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200930 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Erhan Örselli Author-Name-First: Erhan Author-Name-Last: Örselli Author-Email: eorselli@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Author-Name: Esra Banu Sipahi Author-Name-First: Esra Banu Author-Name-Last: Sipahi Author-Email: ebsipahi@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Title: Trust towards Administrative Institutions among Youth in Turkey: the Case of Konya Abstract: The concept of trust is one of the important signs of living together and a reflection of one?s feelings about social others. Although social, administrative and political consequences of the concept has been a subject of research, there is an increase in the attention paid to the concept after Putnam?s inclusion of trust as one of the component of social capital. The concept of trust is defined very differently in different social science disciplines and therefore there is no consensus on a single definition. Coleman has defined the concept as ?decision to cooperate under uncertainity? while Hardin defines it ?interconnected interests?. According to Braun, trust is a characteristic of a the relationship between two people. Miller and Listhaug defines the concet as a summary of those attitudes that political system will be responsive even when there is no permanent survelliance. Since trust towards public institutions is an abstract concept, it is difficult to measure it. In the literature, there are different theories about the source of trust and its determining factors as well as its explanations. Trust emerges from the legitimacy of administrative-political system, specific experiences of public insitutions and services and the dynamic interaction between these two factors. Further, the volatility of public opinion about public institutions and cognitive chaos makes research about the concept of trust more problematic.Young people are most dynamic actors of social and political life. Notwithstanding their dynamism, recent research shows that among youth there is a decrease in interest and trust towards political and social life. This study aims to understand the level of trust among youth in Turkey towards social, administrative and political institutions. The study utilizes Uslaner?s three dimensional classification and defines trust as ?trust towards institutions?. A survey has been conducted among mainly university students in Konya to determine their level of trust towards institutions. The study uses data from a 2012-2013 Project to increase political participation of youth and supported by the Ministry of Turkish Youth. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 590-600 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=74&rid=1765 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201765 Classification-JEL: H83 Keywords: Trust, trust towards institutions, Youth Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201765 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Norfarizal Othman Author-Name-First: Norfarizal Author-Name-Last: Othman Author-Email: norfarizal.othman-3@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester Title: Performance Appraisal Satisfaction in the Brunei's Civil Service: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach Abstract: Even though performance appraisal satisfaction is the most frequently measured appraisal reaction, however, there is hardly any meta-analysis study that link determinants of performance appraisal system to employee satisfaction. The focus of this research is to empirically examine the attributes of the performance appraisal satisfaction used in evaluating individual employee performance in the public sector of Brunei with data collected among public sector employees. The conceptual framework highlighted the various determinants of performance appraisal satisfaction by exploring the unique effects of sub-factors such as goal setting and purposes of performance appraisal; alignment of personal objectives with organisational goals; fairness of appraisal system; types of performance evaluation measures; format of rating scales; appraiser-appraisee relationship and credibility of appraiser as well as pay-for-performance variables. The conceptual framework is then tested in order to determine the extent towards which western developed theories can be applied in a developing country context. Data for this research was gathered across ten government ministries in Brunei. This research study utilizes quantitative data, supported by qualitative data. The main study employed a pre-tested survey questionnaire with 355 samples. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive analysis and exploratory factor analysis run on Statistical Software for Social Sciences (SPSS). In subsequent analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) are employed using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) to assess the model fit of the study and hypotheses testing. SEM was chosen because it is one of the most appropriate analytic approaches when dealing with issues of specifying directionality among variables of interest and generating flexibility with which to test causal relationship. The main goal of the analysis will be to assess the plausibility of the model as a whole and later decide whether the model is a good or poor fit model. This is employed through fit indices such as absolute fit, incremental fit and parsimony fit indices. Results indicated that latent variables were positively and significantly correlated to employee satisfaction. The results also showed that the goodness of fit indices offered an acceptable fit to Brunei?s data. This study provides empirical evidence for performance appraisal and employee satisfaction at the individual level in the public sector. This study contributes theoretically by highlighting the unique effects of sub-factors on employee performance appraisal satisfaction and also contributes methodologically through the examination of the conceptual framework using structural equation modelling. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 601-601 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=75&rid=1236 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201236 Classification-JEL: C38, C12 Keywords: structural equation modelling; factor analysis; performance appraisal satisfaction Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Musa ÖZATA Author-Name-First: Musa Author-Name-Last: ÖZATA Author-Email: musaozata@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Health Science Faculty, Konya Author-Name: Ali ?mran Y?lmaz Author-Name-First: Ali ?mran Author-Name-Last: Y?lmaz Author-Email: a.imran_yilmaz@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Konya Emergency Services, Author-Name: Necmettin Cihangiro?lu Author-Name-First: Necmettin Author-Name-Last: Cihangiro?lu Author-Email: ncihangiroglu@gata.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Gülhane Military Academy Title: THE DETERMINATION OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING EMERGENY SERVICES Abstract: The present research which aims that determining the factors that affect the provision of 112 emergency services in the province of Konya, is a descriptive research. The present research was conducted in 2014. The universe of the present research is 800 health personnel working in 112 stations in the province of Konya and its districts. 210 voluntary participants form the sample of the research. The data of the research were collected using the questionnaire form developed by researchers. The questionnaire form consists of 88 items, 15 of them are socio-demographic. The answers to the questions are 1- Strongly disagree to 5-Strongly agree.Statistical analyses were evaluated by using SPSS program and descriptive statistics were used on the collected data. At the end of the study, it was concluded that negative working conditions, the lack of staff in terms of quantity and quality and some organizational problems affected the emergency services negatively. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 602-612 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=76&rid=1733 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201733 Classification-JEL: I10 Keywords: Emergency Services, Ambulance Staff, Organizational Problems Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201733 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Burcu Ozcan Author-Name-First: Burcu Author-Name-Last: Ozcan Author-Email: bozcan@firat.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Firat University Title: DO TOURISM MARKETS OF TURKEY CONVERGE? Abstract: We aim to analyze the stochastic convergence hypothesis for 14 major tourist source markets of Turkey using monthly data over the period January 1996 to December 2012. To this aim, we use recently developed the two-step LM (Lagrange multiplier) unit root test that allow for two structural breaks in data. Our findings indicate that 10 out of 14 markets are stochastically converging, meaning that tourism polices and strategies directed at these markets are successful. In other words, the presence of convergence in the tourism market indicates that the difference between total visitor arrivals to Turkey and visitor arrivals from any one of the converging source markets is not drifting apart. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 613-620 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=77&rid=630 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200630 Classification-JEL: L83, C22 Keywords: tourism market, convergence hypothesis, structural breaks, unit root tests Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200630 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SEZ?N ÖZTOPRAK Author-Name-First: SEZ?N Author-Name-Last: ÖZTOPRAK Author-Email: avsezin@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UNIVERSITY LAW FACULTY Author-Name: SELMAN SAC?T BOZ Author-Name-First: SELMAN SAC?T Author-Name-Last: BOZ Author-Email: selmansacitboz@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UNIVERSITY LAW FACULTY Title: THE EQUALITY OF ARMS PRINCIPLE AND THE FIELD OF APPLICATION UNDER TURKISH JUDICIAL LAW REGARDING THE RIGHT TO LITIGIOUS TRIAL Abstract: Following the intense violation of human rights which occurred during WWII, a protective system for the human rights which arise due to their being human beings was attempted to be created and based on this enactment, the European Convention on Human Rights was prepared by the countries who are members of European Council. With the passing time, the member states of the European Council have signed the European Convention on Human Rights and they have made harmonious changes to the provisions of national regulations. European Convention on Human Rights which was signed by Turkey as well is also an integral part of our national regulations yet it is debatable how great an area of application it can find. The scope of the right to fair trials which is among the most essential parts of basic rights and freedoms enacted under article 6 of Human Rights Convention and what its parts were and the equality of arms principle governed under the same regulations and the observation and study of litigious right to trial concepts are the primary objective of this study.Thus, in the first section of the study consisting of two parts, the scope of right to fair trial and its components are to be considered as mentioned in the 6th article of European Convention on Human Rights and Ruling Cases of European Court of Human Rights and the equality of arms principle which is among the most important milestones of fair trial and the litigious rights will be explained. In the second part, the area of application of the equality of arms principle and litigious rights and their areas of application under Turkish Law will be studied. The main reason beyond this study is attempting to understand whether a fair trial can be achieved between the administration having the upper hand and the individuals as stipulated by European Convention on Human Rights. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 621-629 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=78&rid=1424 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201424 Classification-JEL: K30, K33 Keywords: Right to Fair Trial, Equality of Arms Principle, Litigious Lawsuit Rights, European Convention on Human Rights, Witnesses of administrative justice, Judge and Public Prosecutor?s Opinion in Administrative Litigation, Expert?s Examination in Administrative Justice, Access to the Information and Documents in Administrative Justice. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201424 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yunus Emre Öztürk Author-Name-First: Yunus Emre Author-Name-Last: Öztürk Author-Email: yunuseozturk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk Universty Author-Name: Onur Koksal Author-Name-First: Onur Author-Name-Last: Koksal Author-Email: onurkoksalmeb@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk Universty Author-Name: Ramazan K?raç Author-Name-First: Ramazan Author-Name-Last: K?raç Author-Email: ramazan46k@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk Universty Title: DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP SCALE FOR STUDENTS OF HEALTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT Abstract: Entrepreneurship in health sector comes into more prominence day by day. Especially the increasing population sets the entrepreneurs in this sector in motion and encourages them to embark on different quests in order to offer better service in health sector. Therefore, educated individuals who can produce better and higher quality service, seize the opportunities in the sector, take positive and negative risks and develop new points of views in the health management sector are required. The purpose of the present research is developing a scientifically valid and reliable scale that measures the entrepreneurship of the health management department students. The work group of the present research is 291 health management department students studying at Selcuk University, Faculty of Health Sciences. The findings on the structural validity of the developed scale were handled with factor analysis. Principal component analysis showed that the items in the scale were accumulated in one single dimension. Cronbach alpha value was used for the reliability studies of the developed scale. Findings show that internal consistency coefficient of the scale is at a high level. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 630-630 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=79&rid=1495 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201495 Classification-JEL: L26, M10, I19 Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Health Management, Health Sector Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201495 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: EDUARDO PALAVICINI Author-Name-First: EDUARDO Author-Name-Last: PALAVICINI Author-Email: ivan.palavicini@ceidir.org Author-Workplace-Name: CEIDIR Title: Extending the 'voting with the feet' proposition: The impact of local economic development actions on immigration across Mexican municipalities Abstract: Since the early 1990s, experts across the economic development world have increasingly supported a sub-national response to the development challenges and opportunities stemming from economic globalisation and financial crisis. Recently, a notable number of studies stress the favourable impact of bottom-up development policies on population well-being in comparison to limited achievements of national government interventions. In this context, this study analyses quantitatively the effect of the fundamental features and policy actions of the bottom-up or local economic development approach (LED) on population mobility among the lowest level of government jurisdictions in Mexico. The relevance of this research lies on the fact that ?voting with the feet? (Tiebout, 1956) takes other dimension if the bottom-up approach to economic and social development is taken into account. This is because individuals can choose to move to a particular jurisdiction not only by considering its bundle of taxes and public services but also on the basis of development prospects that best satisfy their needs and aspirations.This paper finds significant evidence of a positive impact of LED elements on immigration across Mexican municipalities during the period between 1990 and 2005. In other words, in the Mexican context, the evidence provided in this analysis shows that the migration implications of Tiebout?s proposition work when its scope is extended to include LED fundamental elements as an indication of a more active role of the lowest sub-national level of government in economic and social development. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 631-631 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=80&rid=267 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200267 Classification-JEL: R28, H89, O10 Keywords: Tiebout, decentralisation, local economic development, Mexico, immigration, municipalities Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200267 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gabriela Palavicini Author-Name-First: Gabriela Author-Name-Last: Palavicini Author-Email: gabypalavicini@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Tecnológico de Monterrey Title: Human security and excluding inclusion:The borders in the active and passive citizenship exercise Abstract: This article considers two current topics: citizenship and security, in relation with a phenomenon denominated here as ÂĞexcluding inclusionÂğ. The first topic emphasizes the active participation while the second one, conceived as human security, highlights the acceptance of oppression due to fear and insecurity, in accordance to diverse situations in which an individual can be involved. Thus, human security will be studied as one of the main elements required by the exercise of democracy, devoted to its basic principles. In this sense, a democracy needs some givens to exist. Therefore, human security reinforces an active citizenship or even a critical citizenship, whereas an excluding inclusion provokes a lack of citizenship, or even a limited one as a result to the prevailing conditions of being marginalized. This provokes that both variables are considered as mutually exclusive, with direct consequences in the participation and involvement in the decision-making process from a State. Hence, the guiding research question will be: How to constitute true active citizenship in the midst of pseudo-inclusive processes? As an hypothesis to solve this query, we would propose that: There is a positive proportional relation between security of any kind and the rise of participation and development, thus, the absence of security, specifically of human security, brings to those who undergo it, to allow acts of excluding inclusion. As a consequence, they become less active or participant. In this sense, is the latter type of inclusion an unavoidable obstacle in the construction of citizenship? Does human insecurity firstly drive to the acceptance of excluding inclusion, and then to its consequential lack of security, that finally develop a vicious cycle? How to reconcile democracy, human insecurity, and a kind of inclusion that differentiates between the citizen who is currently constructing its economic, social and political community from a citizen who is considered as vulnerable and, therefore, as someone who could be sacrificed? Length: 25 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 632-656 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=81&rid=393 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200393 Classification-JEL: Keywords: human security, active citizenship Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200393 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Iwona Pawlas Author-Name-First: Iwona Author-Name-Last: Pawlas Author-Email: iwona.pawlas@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Title: Competitiveness of the Polish Economy against the Background of Other European Union Member States. Selected issues Abstract: Poland joined the European Union in 2004. Accession to the EU resulted in considerable economic, social and political advantages. It also stimulated competitive development of the Polish economy. An attempt was made in the paper to determine Poland's competitive position against the background of other EU member economies. Competitiveness of Polish goods both on the world market and on Single European Market was studied. Investment attractiveness of Poland and the significance of the inflow of foreign capital for its development were analyzed. Low level of innovativeness was considered one of major barriers for achieving a higher level of competitiveness. The results of Author's own research were compared with the findings of World Economic Forum, Geneva and Institute for Management Development, Lausanne. Length: 22 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 657-678 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=82&rid=1336 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201336 Classification-JEL: F00, F15, F63 Keywords: competitiveness, Poland, European Union Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: PETRA PERISIC Author-Name-First: PETRA Author-Name-Last: PERISIC Author-Email: pperisic@pravri.hr Author-Workplace-Name: FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF RIJEKA Title: (IM)PERMISSIBILITY OF TARGETED KILLINGS IN THE ?WAR ON TERROR? Abstract: As a response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the United States have introduced the policy of targeted killings ? targeting individual suspect terrorists and killing them, most often using the unmanned drones operated by the CIA. Likewise, Israel has begun with the same practice, responding thus to the ongoing terrorist threats from the surrounding Muslim-populated areas.An introduction of such killings has raised much controversy over their legality, as well as their moral justification. The core problem lies within the specific nature of the so called ?war on terror? ? the war in which the other party is not accurately defined, the war which is most probably indefinite, since it is not likely that terrorist activities will, in this form or the other, ever completely vanish, and most importantly, the war in which means of struggle against terrorists are not defined at all.The ?war on terror? differs from the war in a traditional sense. It is thus not clear whether terrorist acts should be regarded as acts of combatants or acts of civilians. This issue arises from the general dilemma of whether terrorism falls within the ambit of criminal law or within the laws of war. The fact is that it is actually somewhere in between those two and that international law currently has no adequate rules to appropriately address the problem of terrorism.Since terrorists are neither combatants, in the sense of Geneva Conventions of 1949, nor are they pure civilians, which are granted protection from attack under international humanitarian law, a new term of ?unlawful combatants? has been coined. Being ?combatants?, terrorists are considered to be the legitimate target of the attack, while the ?unlawful? character of such combatant deprives them of enjoying the prisoners of war status. As much as the ?unlawful combatant? status can appropriately serve as a political justification for the commission of targeted killings, it can hardly be considered consonant with the laws of war.On the other hand, preventing a greater evil might speak in favor of applying such a policy.This paper will focus on examining the legality of the targeted killing practice within the contemporary international law. Length: 22 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 679-700 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=83&rid=1038 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201038 Classification-JEL: K33, K33, K33 Keywords: international law, war on terror, targeted killings Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201038 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lucyna Rajca Author-Name-First: Lucyna Author-Name-Last: Rajca Author-Email: lucynarajca@interia.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Jan Kochanowski University Title: Local Government Reforms under New Labour Abstract: The years 1997-2010 were a period of changes and political reforms in the United Kingdom. The initial years saw some important reforms, such as the ratification of the European Convention on Human Rights and the creation of elected assemblies in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Devolution has consolidated and augmented differences in the practices of local governments and in legal regulations amongst different parts of Britain. The Labour government has laid strong emphasis on modernization of English local government. Apart from reforms of structures of representative democracy, the government promoted forms of participatory and deliberative democracy. Under New Labour the reforms of local government introduced in England were predominantly implemented according to the concept of local governance. The basic objective of practical implementation of this concept was to reach the two main purposes, i.e. democratic renewal and improvement of services. The New Labour have displayed a tremendous faith in social engineering. All consultation procedures underscored New Labour`s preference for strictly supervised democratic participation. The governmental reform programme aimed at reaching democratic renewal has not produced expected results. In spite of the many reforms, initiatives and funds, political and civil involvement of citizens has not increased. ?Democratization? resulted in the mobilization of small groups with greater exercise of government control. In the years 1997-2010 strong emphasis was put on modernization of services. The government was able to make massive investments in public services. The results of national surveys show that there were increases in public satisfaction with most services delivered by local government (but not with local government itself). A substantial factor in improvement of services was the use of instruments of the new public management, in particular top-down performance management and exceptionally restrictive regime of inspection imposed by the central authorities. However, whether these practices actually improved the quality of public services is a matter of considerable dispute.The concept of local governance is not easy to put in practice and to achieve the expected effect. This does not mean that networks are not viable in th Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 701-711 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=84&rid=1504 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201504 Classification-JEL: Keywords: local government, democratic renewal, service improvement, governance Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201504 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Varalakshmi Ramisetty Author-Name-First: Varalakshmi Author-Name-Last: Ramisetty Author-Email: vara_hyd@yahoo.co.in Author-Workplace-Name: Osmania University Author-Name: Satyanarayana Dyavanapalli Author-Name-First: Satyanarayana Author-Name-Last: Dyavanapalli Author-Email: tribalmuseumcurator@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Nehru Centenary Tribal Museum,Tribal Cultural Research & Training Institute,DSS Bhavan, Masab Tank, Hyderabad Title: TRIBAL ARTS AND CRAFTS OF ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE Abstract: The purpose of this research paper is to focus on the continuity and change in the arts and crafts of tribes in Andhra Pradesh. Savara, Bagatha and Porja tribes are traditionally excelled in arts and crafts like idising painting and dhimsa dance. Gonds, Thotis, Pardhans and Koya tribes are the traditional inheritors of demsa dance, wojari brass metal crafts, Bison Horn Dance and bamboo crafts. Chenchu tribe is well versed in performing Chenchu Natakas (plays) and making bows and arrows. Almost all the above arts and crafts are prone to sanskritisation and globalization. The reasons for transformation or disappearing of the tribal arts and crafts of Andhra Pradesh need to be studied carefully to protect and proliferate the arts and safeguard them. Key words: Dhimsa dance, Demsa dance, Bison Horn dance, Chenchu Natakam, worjari brass craft, idising painting. Length: 26 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 712-737 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=85&rid=449 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200449 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Dhimsa dance, Demsa dance, Bison Horn dance, Chenchu Natakam, worjari brass craft, idising painting Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200449 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kamran Rashid Author-Name-First: Kamran Author-Name-Last: Rashid Author-Email: kamranrashid@umt.edu.pk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Management & Technology Author-Name: M.M. Haris Aslam Author-Name-First: M.M. Haris Author-Name-Last: Aslam Author-Email: haris.aslam@umt.edu.pk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Management & Technology Author-Name: Asad ur Rahman Wahla Author-Name-First: Asad ur Rahman Author-Name-Last: Wahla Author-Email: asad.wahla@umt.edu.pk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Management & Technology Title: Drivers of green supply chain management practices and their impact on firms? performance in a developing country Abstract: Environmental sustainability of supply chains has become increasingly important in the recent years. The purpose of this paper is to identify the drivers of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices among manufacturing firms of a developing country, and to examine the impact of GSCM practices on firms? economic and environmental performance. A structural equation model is developed to study the hypothesized relationships between three drivers and GSCM practices, and between GSCM practices and firm?s economic and environmental performance. A sample of manufacturing firms is drawn from the companies listed in the local stock exchange. Cross-sectional data of 80 responses from these manufacturing firms is collected. The developed model is tested through Partial Least Square (PLS) technique of structural equation modeling using Smart PLS version 2.0 M3. Structural equation estimates indicate that customer?s pressure and firm?s internal drive (enviropreneurship) positively influence the adaptation of GSCM practices. However governmental legislation is not significantly driving the adaptation of GSCM practices. In view of these findings, effectiveness of governmental environmental legislation and issues related to implementation of these regulations are discussed. Further, it was found that GSCM practices positively impact the supply chain buying firm?s economic and environmental performance. The paper discusses the implications of these findings in the context of managing supply chains in a developing country. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 738-738 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=86&rid=695 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200695 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Green supply chain management (GSCM), supply chains, environmental performance, structural equation modeling, Partial Least Square (PLS) Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200695 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Douglas Rhein Author-Name-First: Douglas Author-Name-Last: Rhein Author-Email: dougrhein@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: Exploration of Demographics among Incarcerated Women in Thailand Abstract: The number of female prisoners is increasing worldwide. In November 2009 the Thai government developed a set of 70 rules addressing the specific needs of women in the criminal justice system. This included rules relating to the treatment of female prisoners. Many of the issues addressed within this context became the foundation for the United Nations Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-Custodial Measures for Women Offenders ?Bangkok Rules? which was adopted by the UN in December 2010. These landmark agreements were the result of many individuals and organizations efforts to improve the penal system and its? treatment of female offenders. Furthering on these developments, this paper summarizes an exploratory research survey carried out at 4 female prisons in Thailand as well as the results of a survey distributed by the Ministry of Justice to women?s prisons in Thailand. This is a socio-demographic investigation of the variables associated with female prisoners. Further comparative analysis of specific variables will be analyzed to identify meaningful correlations among variables. This paper will discuss some of the commonalities of global prison demographics and discuss some of the ethical issues involved with conducting research in a prison. There are no specific suggestions made for policy or budgetary actions. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 739-745 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=87&rid=691 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200691 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Female Inmates, Prisons, Demographics, Thailand Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200691 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Douglas Rhein Author-Name-First: Douglas Author-Name-Last: Rhein Author-Email: dougrhein@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Mahidol University International College Title: The Need for Cross-Cultural Training in SE Asia prior to the Establishment of the AEC Abstract: Recently, globalization of world economies has increased rapidly and a large number of multinational companies have emerged. Population growth, technological advancements in communication systems, hyper-commercialization, interdependent financial networks, near constant transportation improvements, corporate consolidation via mergers and acquisitions and the adoption of English as the lingua franca have all led to an increase in cross border employment realities. Essentially, the world has become one giant marketplace and Asia, with the largest global population, is preparing for the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). The economic integration is not limited to capital goods, information or technology. The internationalization of the human workforce has become a center point for organizations looking to expand to overseas markets. The AEC is yet another example of the pace of rapid globalization in Asia. Multinational corporations are necessarily becoming culturally diverse. This increase in organizational diversity creates many problems for both the local labor as well as the expatriate management in SE Asia. Living in a new cultural environment, expatriates face challenges and make adjustments in their lifestyles in order to work effectively in their host culture. These challenges often result in early return from an overseas assignment which results in a costly reassignment burden for the companies involved. Cross cultural training has been suggested as a necessary vehicle to facilitate cross-cultural behavior and management and therefore decrease the number of unsuccessful or unproductive expatriates. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 746-753 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=88&rid=738 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200738 Classification-JEL: A22 Keywords: Thailand, ASEAN, Training, Internationalization, Culture Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200738 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jiri Rotschedl Author-Name-First: Jiri Author-Name-Last: Rotschedl Author-Email: jiri@rotschedl.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics, Prague Title: Coefficient of Risk Behaviour of Consumers Derived from the Ratio of Deposits/Loans to their Net Disposable Income in CZ Abstract: This paper deals with the calculation of the rate of risk behaviour of consumers. For the purposes of deriving the coefficient of risk behaviour of consumers (CRBC), the author uses the ratio of deposits and loans of households to their net disposable income. In the paper, it is assumed that a higher growth of the ratio of loans and deposits than the growth of net disposable income determines the decline of the risk aversion or increases risky behaviour. The aim is to identify the period in which consumers behave in a more or less risky manner and consequently to compare this period to the household consumption. The work analyses the period 1996 - 2013 in the Czech Republic. The results indicate that risk behaviour of consumers is also reflected in household consumption, explaining the decline of household consumption in years 2012 - 2013. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 754-754 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=89&rid=1791 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201791 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Risk Behavior of Consumers, Deposits, Loans, Income Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201791 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Nuri SALUR Author-Name-First: Mehmet Nuri Author-Name-Last: SALUR Author-Email: nsalur@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Social and Humanities Sciences Title: PUBLIC OFFERING IN SMALL and MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMEs) and SMEs STOCK EXCHANGES Abstract: Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) concept is a concept used in almost all countries. Concept stated size; economy, industrialization level, market size, industry and the varied used production methods between, depending on countries. Today, all the major companies, many risky ventures, innovation and patents are behind the small medium sized enterprises. These functions play an important role in the economy, they have a relatively weak structure and low possibilities when combined with supporting small medium sized enterprises in all economies is an issue that still preserves the validity and in this context, various programs are being implemented in many countries. In this context, the creation of securities exchanges catering to small medium sized enterprises and encourage small medium sized enterprises to benefit from these capital markets is of great importance. In cases where the current financing methods are insufficient initial public offerings as an alternative source of financing of small medium sized enterprises, not only financial but also organizational aspects of the chronic shortage has the potential to eliminate. On public offerings small medium sized enterprises by strengthening their institutional structures to ensure the transition to corporate governance as well as corporate governance principles that have internalized the biggest obstacle to growth rates that will overcome the problem of access to finance. As a result of the public offerings, small medium sized enterprises are more resistant to crises Whilst the closure of the company through the front of a stable socio-economic development will contribute significantly. In our study, all this digression in the direction of some of the EU and other developed/developing countries small medium sized enterprises in exchange for the implementation of Turkey's small medium sized enterprises Stock Exchange application is discussed and examined and small medium sized enterprises ring-opening of the financial performance of the positive effect that has been found. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 755-755 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=90&rid=1588 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201588 Classification-JEL: D51, D51, D51 Keywords: SMEs, Stock Exchange, Public Offering Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201588 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Taner SEKMEN Author-Name-First: Taner Author-Name-Last: SEKMEN Author-Email: tsekmen@ogu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Eski?ehir Osmangazi University Author-Name: Ömer AKKU? Author-Name-First: Ömer Author-Name-Last: AKKU? Author-Email: omerakkus68@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: ?lyas ?IKLAR Author-Name-First: ?lyas Author-Name-Last: ?IKLAR Author-Email: isiklar@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Title: Competitive Conditions in the Turkish Banking Systems Abstract: In this paper, we investigate competition in Turkish banking sector over the period 2003? 2012. In order to understand the competitive condition in Turkish banking sector, we use the well-known Panzar-Rosse model based on a nonstructural estimation of the H-statistic by employing the quarterly panel data set. The emprical evidences indicate that the Turkish banking sector operates under conditions of monopolistic competition. Therefore, although there have been growing structural changes in the Turkish banking sector since 2000s, there is no remarkable change in the market structure of the Turkish banking sector as compared to previous studies and it can still be characterized by the monopolistic competition. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 756-756 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=91&rid=1666 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201666 Classification-JEL: A10, D40, E44 Keywords: Competition, Panzar-Rosse Model, Turkish Banking Sector, H-Statistic Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201666 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: DEEKSHA SHARMA Author-Name-First: DEEKSHA Author-Name-Last: SHARMA Author-Email: deeksha.mtmk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROORKEE (IIT ROORKEE) Author-Name: INDIWAR MISHRA Author-Name-First: INDIWAR Author-Name-Last: MISHRA Author-Email: deeksha.mtmk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROORKEE (IIT ROORKEE) Author-Name: VAIBHAV SHARMA Author-Name-First: VAIBHAV Author-Name-Last: SHARMA Author-Email: vaib_14_1986@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: IMRB,INDIA Title: EMOTIONAL INTELLIEGNCE AMONG EMPLOYEES OF GOVERMENT AND PUBLIC SECTORS Abstract: With time, the yardstick to measure the efficiency of a person has evolved and filtered into more refined format. Now, it not only includes the basic technical academic qualification but also the Emotional Intelligence which is considered to be an intangible attribute which has an overall control on the employees of an organization. So it becomes imperative to analyse this intelligence also. The main objective is to find out EQ level of employees working in public and government sectors in India and then to find the significance of sensitivity, maturity and competency between males and females responses. Emotional intelligence is the ability to sense, assess, understand and control the emotions of oneself, others or groups. EI is taken as distinct group of mental abilities. The emergence of Emotional intelligence is way back from the time of Darwin who emphasized on the importance of emotional expression for survival. The term ? Emotional Intelligence ? was first used by WAYNE PAYNE in their doctoral thesis, ? A study of Emotion : Developing Emotional Intelligence ?,1985. Then the publication of Daniel Goleman best sellar ?Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ.? was a breakthrough in this field in 1995. The study was conducted by collecting responses of employees from government and public sectors through a standardize questionnaire and then the scoring was done for the three parameters. The relevance of the three parameters of Emotional Intelligence was checked and then the significance of male and female responses was checked. For analysis, Eviews and Excel was used. On the basis of the test done, no major difference between male and female responses was found for the three parameters of Emotional Intelligence. The main reason could be the facilities, amenities and easy environment of public and government sectors. It may differ in private sector. The work life balance is found better in the public and government sectors. Length: 19 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 757-775 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=92&rid=1636 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201636 Classification-JEL: J24 Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Sensitivity, Maturity, Competency Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201636 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Esra Banu Sipahi Author-Name-First: Esra Banu Author-Name-Last: Sipahi Author-Email: ebsipahi@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Author-Name: Erhan Örselli Author-Name-First: Erhan Author-Name-Last: Örselli Author-Email: orselli@mynet.com Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Title: Women?s Refuges as a Lifebuoy for Women Exposed to Domestic Violence in Turkey Abstract: From past until today, women have been exposed to many different types of poverty, deprivation, desperation and violence. The most dramatic one from all those destructive effects are the domestic violence and abuse of women. The domestic violence is a fact, which is mostly ignored and overpassed in many societies. When the lower chances of economic survival for women are also taken into account within this framework, the feeling of frustration worsens the dilemma between poverty and domestic violence for them. The solution search for this problem began in the last half of the twentieth century. Since then, the domestic violence is brought to the attention of mankind, regarded as violation of human rights and relevant legal and organizational arrangements have been made. One of these organizational arrangements is Women?s Refuges. Today, these Women?s Refuges have become an important part of the struggle strategies against domestic violence and women?s poverty. The idea of Women?s Refuge arose primarily in Europe, and then spread all over the world beginning from 1970s. In Turkey, Women?s Refuges started to serve in the 1990s. This study focuses on the existence of Women?s Refuges in Turkey as a struggle strategy against domestic violence and poverty. The concept of violence against women and the evolution of Women?s Refuges will be discussed from the beginning to the present. In this respect, the historical development process, the legal basis, organizational developments, implementations and the problems of Women?s Refuges in Turkey will be analyzed. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 776-785 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=93&rid=1771 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201771 Classification-JEL: J12, L39, H83 Keywords: Domestic violence, Women's Refuges, poverty Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201771 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: JESUS SOSA Author-Name-First: JESUS Author-Name-Last: SOSA Author-Email: otonielsosa@ucol.mx Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSIDAD DE COLIMA Author-Name: ANDREE ROY Author-Name-First: ANDREE Author-Name-Last: ROY Author-Email: andree.roy@umoncton.ca Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITE DE MONCTON Author-Name: ADRIANA BAUTISTA Author-Name-First: ADRIANA Author-Name-Last: BAUTISTA Author-Email: acbautista@ucol.mx Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSIDAD DE COLIMA Title: MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES AND SOCIAL NETWORKS IN TOURISM INDUSTRY IN MANZANILLO, COLIMA, MEXICO. Abstract: Nowadays, the use of social media has become an important tool to introduce new products and services in the world. However, in some countries social networks are very important to show what the company is and what they are doing with their businesses, it means that they sharing everything with their customers, like products, services, goals, some cases they try to educate their public about the use of the product or service, among other things.When people started using social networks on the internet, these were conceived as a mean to communicate with relatives or friends. However, with time, the social networks have evolved to a point that they now allow people to use them to generate sales and increase the competitiveness of enterprises.The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the lack of training and knowledge about the use of social networks by local businesses and the barriers they face when they decide to use them as sales platforms, and to demonstrate the impact it could have on their businesses. Four SMEs located in Colima State in Mexico were studied, selected to be sufficiently successful and representative in terms of industry and size, for theoretical generalization purposes. These tourism SMEs stem from various sectors, such as: travel agencies, tour operator, hotel and restaurant. Data were collected through semi-structured tape-recorded interviews, ranging approximately one hour and a half each, with the owner-manager or the manager responsible for social media. Interview transcripts were then coded and analyzed following Miles and Huberman?s (1994) prescriptions with the assistance of the Atlas.ti application.The results allow us to conclude that the investigated companies believe that the use of social networks is extremely important to be able to compete in the market. However, due to a lack of training, they were not able to implement properly the utilization of social networks in their companies. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 786-799 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=94&rid=1612 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201612 Classification-JEL: D22, D23, O39 Keywords: Social networks, enterprises, barriers, Micro, small and medium business Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201612 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: H.Y SUN Author-Name-First: H.Y Author-Name-Last: SUN Author-Email: sshhyyyl@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Title: Longitudinal Evidence of Firm Size Effect on Wage Premium and Wage Differential in Korean Labor Market Abstract: This study analyzes the firm size effect on wage determinant mechanism and wage differential between large firms and small firms. The empirical methodology, based on Fixed Effect estimation, Probit estimation and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition estimation, be utilized to measure wage determinant factors exclude unobservable characteristics heterogeneity and permits to obtain endowment or discrimination proportion of wage gap. Firm size wage premium mostly be attributed to efficiency wage, compensation wage differential, skill complementarity, monitoring cost, prevent union organization, rent sharing and internal market. However, there are no completely explanatory for firm size wage premium. Estimated results suggest that more educated employees are easily to find in large firms, it is consistent with the hypothesis that higher wages paid by large firms can be explained by efficiency theory. Endowment differential is main reason for wage gap between large firms and small firms. Employees have lower turnover rate in large firms than small firms. This phenomenon can be explained by internal labor market theory which means employees have higher probability of promotion and higher costs of turnover in large firms. Length: 21 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 800-820 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=95&rid=1576 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201576 Classification-JEL: J31, J40, C38 Keywords: Firm-size wage differential, Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, wage decomposition Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201576 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Abdullah Sürücü Author-Name-First: Abdullah Author-Name-Last: Sürücü Author-Email: asurucu@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Ahmet Kelesoglu Education Faculty Title: EVALUATION OF LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG GUIDANCE TEACHERS WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN VARIABLES Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate with respect to certain variables the life satisfaction levels of guidance teachers working at educational institutions. In this context, the study attempted to determine whether life satisfaction levels among guidance teachers varied according to gender, the type of school/institution they worked at, and their length of service. The study was conducted according to a screening model. The study population consisted of guidance teachers working at educational institutions in Turkey. The study sample group consisted of 251 randomly-selected guidance teachers working at public and private schools, and in counseling and research centers. During the study; a personal information form, the Turkish translation by Simsek (2011) of the ?Satisfaction with Life as a Whole? and the PWI-A Scale were used as data collection tools. The study data were gathered in an internet environment, and analyzed with the SPSS 16.0 package program. Data analysis demonstrated that guidance teachers generally had a high level of life satisfaction. The study results also showed that guidance teachers? level of life satisfaction did not differ significantly with respect to gender, the type of school/institution they worked at (e.g. public school vs. private school), and their length of service. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 821-830 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=96&rid=1638 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201638 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Life satisfaction, guidance teacher, Turkey. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201638 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Noppamash Suvachart Author-Name-First: Noppamash Author-Name-Last: Suvachart Author-Email: snoppa@kku.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Khon Kaen University Title: The Role of Leisure Activity on Travel Behavior Abstract: This research aims to explore Thai youths? travel behavior regarding green travel values, including test the effect of leisure activities preference factor of green activeness group. When classified travel behavior by green shading, there were five major forms of travel behavior; 65.6% were green, 25.7% were medium green, 7.8% were dark green, 0.8% were light green , and 0.2% were very light green. The importance leisure activities preference factor of separate green youth (active green) from the not so green (less active green) are voluntary service, nature protection, classic music, special event, sport, and reading books, respectively. A summary of each category description, methodology and main results are outlined below, as well as an analysis of findings. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 831-842 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=97&rid=1297 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201297 Classification-JEL: A10, A10 Keywords: Green Travel, Green Values, Leisure, Acitvity Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201297 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Malka Tal-Shmotkin Author-Name-First: Malka Author-Name-Last: Tal-Shmotkin Author-Email: shmalka@bezeqint.net Author-Workplace-Name: The College for Academic Studies Title: Team Development Through Music Creation Abstract: The current study aims to explore a new method for creating an effective working team, using music terminology as a metaphor for team work. Teams have been proved to play a crucial role in organizations, with most organizational activities being conducted through teams. Success in organizations depends upon the quality of their teams, meaning the teams have the necessary competencies for their operation. Establishing efficient working teams requires a thorough and constant development. The rationale of using music terminology as metaphors in the current work relies on the assumption that metaphors advance insights into team activities and act as spotlights on related phenomena, often in novel and surprising ways.Graduate and undergraduate students in Business Management classes volunteered to participate within 10-member teams in an experiment following a lecture that dealt with groups and teams in organizations. None of them had any musical background, according to a pre-condition of taking part in this activity. The students were first given a short introduction regarding music terminology such as rhythm, dynamics, phrase, beat, etc. Following this introduction they were given a short rhythm section as well as a variety of musical (mostly repercussion) instruments. Their objective was to perform the whole rhythm section as a team according to instructions provided to them. The other students in the class served as observers, watching the team's members coping with the assignment up to the final performance. After the experimental session was completed, the team, along with the observers, filled out various rating scales and held a discussion about their feelings and insights.The contribution of the current study is both conceptual and practical. The experience of acting in a musical group with a defined goal may enlighten more clearly the characteristics and competencies required for those who take part in a team work within organizational settings. The musical activity examined here does not pose psychological threats that may hinder natural behavior on the participants' part. This kind of activity provides the team members, as well as their observers, with new tools for evaluating their behaviors. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 843-843 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=98&rid=1261 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201261 Classification-JEL: L29 Keywords: team work, team development, music Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: AHMET TARHAN Author-Name-First: AHMET Author-Name-Last: TARHAN Author-Email: tarhan@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: SELCUK UNIVERSITY COMMUNICATION FACULTY Title: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO POLITICAL INFORMATION Abstract: The developments in knowledge and information technologies provide new opportunities for political corporations and political candidates. They are realizing the potential to give information and build relationships with public using social media. These features gain in importance in fast paced periods like election terms. The social media persents a vast amount of means for information seeking. And among young voters in particular, equipped with means of political information, serve to diffuse political campaign messages to other people. This survey which will be conducted two weeks before the March 30. 2014 local elections among students of the Selcuk University. It will be explored on the grounds of the uses and gratifications approach the motives of university students for using the social media in election periods. In this study will be investigated social media using habits and motives like information/guidanceseeking, social escape, leisure/entertainment, and social utility. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 844-856 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=99&rid=1141 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201141 Classification-JEL: Keywords: social media, political information, young voters, motivations, uses and gratifications. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Boran Toker Author-Name-First: Boran Author-Name-Last: Toker Author-Email: borantoker@akdeniz.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Akdeniz University Alanya Faculty of Business Author-Name: Sedat Çelik Author-Name-First: Sedat Author-Name-Last: Çelik Author-Email: s.celik@sirnak.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: ??rnak University School of Tourism and Hotel Management Title: Job Embeddedness in Hospitality Industry: An Empirical Study in Alanya Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the hotel employees? job embeddedness and to determine its relationship with links to community, links to organization, and demographic variables. As first introduced by Mitchell et al. (2001), job embeddedness theory suggests a new perspective of exploring why people leave or stay in an organization, and in this theory, it is considered in three factors namely, fit, links and sacrifice. The study, in which the questionnaire survey method was used, was applied on 210 employees that work at the five-star hotels in Alanya. The Job Embeddedness Inventory developed by Mitchell et al. was used in this study. As a result of the factor analysis used on data, there came out three dimensions towards job embeddedness under the names of ?organization related sacrifice?, ?fit to community? and ?fit to organization?. As a result of Anova and t-test analyses, however, it is determined that employees, who own their homes, live close to the family roots, that have someone of a family member and close friends near them fit into the organization much more. Besides that, employees, who are married, have a working spouse, live close to the family roots, have someone of a family member and close friends near them showed higher fit into the community. Furthermore, it is determined that mid-level employees had higher levels of organization related sacrifice. It is also determined that the participants, who work in the same position for 6 years or above, are mid-level employees, work in the same organization for 1-3 years and do not participate in any work group at workplace had higher fit into the community. In this case, it can be said that the longer the employees work in an organization, the more positive their fit into the community will be. Moreover, participants that work in the tourism sector for 11 years or above showed high fit into the organization and participants that work in the sector for long years have better fit into the community. It is seen that, as the age increase higher among the employees, their fit into the society increase higher as well. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 857-857 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=100&rid=1468 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201468 Classification-JEL: M12, J24, D23 Keywords: Job embeddedness, Tourism, Hospitality, Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201468 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rosario Turvey Author-Name-First: Rosario Author-Name-Last: Turvey Author-Email: rturvey@lakeheadu.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Lakehead University Title: Green Economy and Development: Towards Place Making and Community Sustainability Abstract: This research explores an important yet under-investigated topic on Ontario?s small urban municipalities (SUMs) concerning green economy and development in relation to local initiatives and strategies for framing sustainable communities in Ontario, Canada. The research interest is on place making as a function of initiatives by local economies concerning green economy and community sustainability. Canadian communities are adopting environmental action strategies to protect natural resources and the environment on issues associated with climate change, resource competition and rising demands for social, cultural and economic development. Though many municipal jurisdictions have put in place Environmental Action Plans (EAPs) and Economic Development Strategies (EDS), these often operate in parallel, not in concert with each other to consequently transform places into ?sustainable communities?. The research has three research objectives. The first objective is to increase understanding of the relationship between ?green economy,? sustainability and local development strategies for place making in sustainability context. The second is to contribute to an emerging research agenda on sustainability and economic prosperity of local communities. By understanding how environmental action plans and economic development strategies are linked toward sustainable development in SUMs, the tension between economic prosperity and sustainability can be clarified. Third, the research hopes to contribute toward policy research on local development and environmental sustainability in the medium- if not the long-term. The paper presents the results from the survey on green economy and development of environment and economic development professionals and practitioners from two case study SUMs in Ontario, Canada namely: Orillia and North Bay. The research adopted a ?sustainable community development model? as a framework to explore community efforts (local initiatives) as translated into local environmental strategies and priorities to pursue green development and sustainability. The research on SUMs involved a questionnaire survey and statistical assessment using Mann-Whitney U test and other quantitative spatial analysis. The aim of the survey was to determine how three components namely- green economy priorities, planning for green development and energy-related priorities are perceived by those engaged in the framing and implementing strategies, priorities and policies for building sustainable communities. The results from the survey indicated that local priorities and strategies for green economy and development are important components for sustainable community development. Not surprisingly, the survey found that key informants viewed the green economy priorities and strategies in their respective municipalities to be contributing towards community sustainability. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 858-858 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=101&rid=881 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200881 Classification-JEL: Q01 Keywords: green economy, place making, community sustainability Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200881 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ozgur UGURLUOGLU Author-Name-First: Ozgur Author-Name-Last: UGURLUOGLU Author-Email: ougurlu@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: ?pek Bilgin DEM?R Author-Name-First: ?pek Bilgin Author-Name-Last: DEM?R Author-Email: ipekbilginn@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Duygu UREK Author-Name-First: Duygu Author-Name-Last: UREK Author-Email: dyg.urek@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Gamze BAYIN Author-Name-First: Gamze Author-Name-Last: BAYIN Author-Email: gamzebayin@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Title: LEADERSHIP RESEARCH IN HEALTH CARE IN TURKEY Abstract: It is known that studies on leadership in health care in Turkey had gained increasing importance with the coming of 2000's and until 2000's, a very limited number of studies had been carried out on the subject. Moreover, there had not been any studies examining the previous studies on the subject in terms of the leadership characteristics that had been taken in focus, who were taken as samples or what kind of variables had been taken into account. The purpose of this study is to examine the studies on leadership in health care services that had been carried out between 2000 and 2013; and gather them into various categories besides trying to find out their common points and fundamental tendencies. Studies on the above mentioned subject between 2000 and 2013 in Turkey had been determined via browsing in various databases (n=70) and these had been examined in terms of the kind of the study, study design, the year of the study, participants, health institution at which the study had been carried out, the scale that was used and primary topic area.According to the findings, a considerable number (62.9%) of the 70 studies on leadership in health care services in Turkey between 2000 and 2013 was composed of Master's and PhD theses while the rest was (37.1%) composed of articles published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. 67 of these studies were based on research and in nearly half of them, nurses constituted the research participants. Most studies on leadership had been conducted in public health institutions and university hospitals.With the increasing number of scientific research in the field of health services since 2008, it had been determined that most studies had been conducted between 2010 and 2012. The most common subjects of study were various determinants of the leader, leadership perceptions and at a rate of approximately one-third of the studies were concerned with the effect of leadership styles of managers on their subordinates. This study shows that, despite many studies on leadership in the Turkish health care services literature; there are still health care profession groups that whose characteristics had never been studied, besides there are still fundamental areas and leadership characteristics which had never been or seldom studied. It is thought that the results of this study will help researchers who want to work on leadership in health care services in the future. Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 859-874 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=102&rid=1195 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201195 Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: Leader, Leadership, Leadership Research, Health Care, Leadership in Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Knut Ulsrud Author-Name-First: Knut Author-Name-Last: Ulsrud Author-Email: k.ulsrud@lse.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: London School of Economics Title: "Entitled" Politicians - Lessons in justice from the 2009 UK parliament expense scandal Abstract: This paper analyzes politicians? decisions to abuse or overuse their expense accounts and to retire, through the lens of organizational justice. While standard political science theory would usually attribute behavior to utility maximizing on the basis of politicians being a ?bad? or ?good? type, this paper paints a more nuanced picture of the reasons behind politicians? choices. Using three wage votes in the UK parliament in 2008 to indicate MP perception of fairness, the paper analyzes data on expense accounts and retirement decisions from after the UK expense scandal in 2009. The paper advances theory of organizational justice by using a measure of overall justice, consisting of distributive and procedural justice elements. MPs with high and medium levels of perceived injustice had respectively £3240 and £2170 more in their expense accounts, and were 14.5% and 9.5% more likely to retire after the scandal, compared to MPs with low levels of perceived injustice. The paper discusses implications for how to prevent misconduct, by taking into account individual coping and fairness in process and outcome in institutional design on remuneration. It also provides direction for further research. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 875-875 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=103&rid=1630 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201630 Classification-JEL: Keywords: justice, fairness, politics, misconduct Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201630 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Zsuzsanna Veroszta Author-Name-First: Zsuzsanna Author-Name-Last: Veroszta Author-Email: veroszta.zsuzsanna@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Educatio Public Services Non-profit LLC Title: Patterns of students' earning orientations and expectations Abstract: The paper investigates students? earning expectations in the context of different motivations towards graduation. Although income benefits of attaining a degree is a thoroughly investigated topic as well as the realization of student wage expectations (see for example, Dominitz and Manski (1996); Betts (1996); (Brunello et al. (2004); Wolter (2001) etc.) there is less emphasis on the earning expectations as a component of learning motivations. Therefore, the main purpose of the study is to define the role of income benefit between the different student expectations.The paper applies explanatory models in order to respond three research questions. Firstly, we examine the position of students? wage orientation among other degree-related values (ie. income-oriented/not income oriented students) and explore its determinants. Secondly, the study analyze the background effects of students? earning expectations. However, unlike the approach of previous research the purpose of this analysis is not to explain the amount of expected income, but also to reveal the causes of differences between the evaluation of individual and average expected earnings (ie. subjective over-/underestimation). Thirdly, by creating a typology on the basis of wage orientations and subjective income-estimations the purpose of the paper is to explore the role of income presumption in students expectations. The research is based on data from the Hungarian Student Survey, fielded in 2012. The institution based online student survey, carried out within the framework of Hungarian Career Tracking System, covers the full range of Hungarian students and contains the data of up to 40,000 person. Length: 20 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 876-895 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=104&rid=1473 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201473 Classification-JEL: I23, I24, I29 Keywords: Students, earning expectation, motivation, higher education, degree Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201473 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Darryl Waldron Author-Name-First: Darryl Author-Name-Last: Waldron Author-Email: dwaldron@trinity.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Trinity University Title: Green Brands: An Avenue to the Creation of Economic Value? Abstract: Green Brands: An Avenue to the Creation of Economic Value? Abstract The research undertaken here attempts to test what in some quarters has become conventional wisdom that investment in green or sustainability branding necessarily leads to the creation of shareholder value, even though statistical evidence of such an a relationship has proven elusive. Here GreenBiz/Interbrand's 2012-2013 best global green brands data base was used to conduct a step-wise multiple regression analysis, where the rankings and selected financial metrics of Interbrand's top 50 global green brands were regressed on the market-to-book multiples of each brand in order to determine whether being a leading global green brand is indeed a statistically significant avenue to the creation of shareholder value. This is important research because of the attention GreenBiz/Interbrand's Best Global Green Brands attract and because of the potential such findings have for influencing the actions of private sector management, investors, government officials and researchers engaged in the study of branding. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 896-896 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=105&rid=156 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200156 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Causality gap, macro-value drivers, micro-value drivers, triple bottom line, green performance elements, green perception elements, dynamic capabilities Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200156 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yulei Weng Author-Name-First: Yulei Author-Name-Last: Weng Author-Email: yweng2@sheffield.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: The University of Sheffield Title: Why do people want to change jobs? A survival analysis on job turnover in China Abstract: China introduced a household registration system (known as hukou) in 1950s, which initially used to collect and manage residential information. By having different types of registration, the population is divided into urban and rural parts. However, the labour market is segregated by this system as well, preventing an efficient flow of labour and achievement of full benefits from mobility. In the pre-reform Chinese urban labour market, jobs were allocated to urban residents either from local communities or educational institutions. Employers were mainly in the public sector, which includes state-owned or collective-owned enterprises and government departments. These employers were not allowed to recruit and dismiss employees freely as they wanted. They should follow an employment plan made by the central government. By contrast, from employees? side, they should accept the allocated job offers and cannot make decisions on job turnover. Though jobs were secure in the pre-reform labour market, disincentives and skill mismatch might occur. However, life-long employment was gradually broken after introducing the policy of reform and opening up in 1978. For example, the state-owned enterprise reform in 1990s led to huge downsizing and reorganisation. In addition, universities abolished the policy to guarantee life-long employment for graduates and expanded the recruitment scale in late 1990s, which added competition and pressure to the Chinese labour market. By contrast, in rural, surplus labour force was created after adopting a household responsible system for agricultural production in 1978. Therefore, many township and private-owned enterprises were established to absorb surplus rural labour. Some rural people also migrate into urban for jobs after the restriction on migration was eased. The labour mobility is associated with job turnover, which motivates this study on job turnover in China. Employment histories of respondents were asked in the China General Social Survey 2008, in which, there are 1750 pieces of uncensored employment records (58.59% of the total) with an average duration at 6.18 years. Using this micro-level data, a discrete-time duration model is built to find determinants on job turnover. As urban and rural people may have different concerns about job turnover, it is necessary to study them separately. However, similar results are found after controlling for the household registration type in the estimation. Firstly, non-parametric analysis supports the fact that most of new jobs end early and the probability of job turnover decreases with job tenure. Secondly, the probability of job turnover is high among young people. Thirdly, social insurances are the most significant determinants on job turnover for both urban and rural people. Based on these findings, this study concludes that urban and rural people change jobs in return for more secure jobs. Although this research is designed from the labour supply side, the implication is that employers can design better jobs so as to reduce employment costs from job turnover. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 897-897 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=106&rid=821 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0200821 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Job turnover; Survival analysis; China Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0200821 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Wieczorek-Kosmala Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Wieczorek-Kosmala Author-Email: m.wieczorek-kosmala@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Author-Name: Joanna B?ach Author-Name-First: Joanna Author-Name-Last: B?ach Author-Email: jblach@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Author-Name: Maria Gorczy?ska Author-Name-First: Maria Author-Name-Last: Gorczy?ska Author-Email: mgorczynska@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Author-Name: Anna Do? Author-Name-First: Anna Author-Name-Last: Do? Author-Email: ados@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Title: Innovations in transferring insurable risk to capital markets ? Insurance-Linked Securities (ILS) application by the non-financial companies Abstract: In this paper we focus on financial innovations that have emerged as a result of the convergence of the capital market and insurance market. These new solutions called Insurance-Linked Securities (ILS) were created in 1990s. by insurers and reinsurers in order to improve the liquidity of insurance market by providing the opportunity to transfer insurable risk to capital market. However, nowadays the application of ILS have been extended beyond financial sector. In particular, the application of ILS in the new, different way by the non-financial companies is regarded here as innovations.The prime purpose of the paper is to justify a statement that in recent years, capital market innovations within transferring insurable risk to capital markets (ILS) have grown on diversity. Our objective is to critically analyze the innovative solutions within transferring insurable risk to capital market, and assess their potential for the use by non-financial companies. We address the limitations and possible consequences of these solutions. To achieve the expected results we use the document analysis and select important information in order to provide systemized characteristics of Insurance-Linked Securities. Our intention is also to initiate a debate on the possible use of insurance-linked securities in non-financial sector, focusing on their potential advantages and positive consequences for the non-financial companies as well as on potential limitations and obstacles.From the analyzed group of insurance-linked securities available on the capital market, we have selected these solutions that can be applied by the non-financial companies, i.e.: cat bonds, insurance-linked derivatives (including weather derivatives) and contingent capital structures. These innovations may be applied in order to improve the integrated risk management process in the non-financial companies in two ways: (1) as an alternative (substitute) to traditional risk management instruments (e.g. insurance policy) conditional upon their efficiency (similar protection at lower costs or better protection at comparable costs); (2) as a complementary solutions to traditional instruments, if they provide access to tools and mechanisms not available directly by the application of traditional solutions. However, there are many constraints, both on the supply and demand side of the ILS market that limit their application by non-financials. Further research may be focused on the analysis of the solutions that can be applied in order to overcome these problems and improve the development of the ILS innovations offered to non-financials. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 898-899 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=107&rid=1628 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201628 Classification-JEL: G30, G32, G22 Keywords: Risk management, financial innovations, non-financial companies, insurance-linked securities, cat bonds, insurance derivatives, weather derivatives, contingent capital Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201628 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alpaslan YARAR Author-Name-First: Alpaslan Author-Name-Last: YARAR Author-Email: ayarar@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Mustafa ONÜÇYILDIZ Author-Name-First: Mustafa Author-Name-Last: ONÜÇYILDIZ Author-Email: m13yildiz@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Nuri PEKÇET?N Author-Name-First: Nuri Author-Name-Last: PEKÇET?N Author-Email: nuripekcetin@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Metropolitan Municipility of Adana Title: Forecasting The Runoff Data Using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) Abstract: To development and management of the water resources, fluctuations over the amount of water resources should be determined. Fluctuations depend on the rainfall, runoff, geological, meteorological properties of the area and many others. Scientist studied to determine this process using physical models. But, in recent years Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) has being widely used. Even absence of some data to determine these hydrological processes, ANFIS model can be used efficiently. Many data-driven models, including linear, nonparametric or nonlinear approaches, are developed for hydrologic discharge time series prediction in the past decades (Marques et al., 2006). Generally, the prediction techniques for a dynamic system can be roughly divided into two approaches: local and global. Local approach uses only nearby states to make predictions whereas global approach involves all the states. K-Nearest-Neighbors (KNN) algorithm, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vectors Machine (SVM) are some typical forecast methods for dynamic systems (Sivapragasam et al., 2001; Laio et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2006). Kazeminezhad et al. (2005) used an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) model, which is a fuzzy inference system, whose rules parameters are tuned by ANNs, in prediction of wave parameters in fetch-limited condition. Zanganeh et al. (2006) combined GAs and ANFIS models in the problem of prediction of wave parameters.In this study, 5 Flow Observation Station (FOS) in the West Mediterranean Basin in Turkey was modeled to forecast the monthly flow data using ANFIS. It was seen that ANFIS model can be used to forecast the monthly flow efficiently. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 900-900 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=108&rid=1599 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201599 Classification-JEL: C53, C45, C67 Keywords: Forecasting ,Runoff, ANFIS Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201599 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Saad Yaseen Author-Name-First: Saad Author-Name-Last: Yaseen Author-Email: saadyaseen58@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Al-Zaytoonah University Of Jordan Title: Mobile Crowdsourcing Technology Acceptance and Use In the Crises Management of Arab Spring Societies Abstract: The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual framework investigating the determinants of mobile crowdsourcing technology acceptance and use in the crises management of Arab Spring societies. To achieve its objectives, this research has extended the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) to study the major determinants of the behavioral intention to accept or adopt crowdsourcing technology. The proposed extended model incorporates five constructs, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, subjective norms, hedonic motivation, and cultural values.It is highly acknowledged that organizations in the Arab business setting are late adopters of IT applications (Sabri, 2004; Yaseen; 2005; Yaseen; 2008; Sukkar and Hasan; 2005; Abu shanab et al; 2010). Despite the increased usage of mobile and Internet applications, recent studies indicated that Arab people are still reluctant to use and accept Internet applications technology for various economic and cultural reasons (Al Sukkar and Hasan; 2005; Akour et al; 2006). Thus, this research concentrates on providing rich understanding and insight into the influence of the major determinates on the behavioral intention to adopt and use mobile crowdsourcing technology in such cultural environment on Arab World. Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) (Venkatesh et al, 2012), the proposed extended model incorporates five constructs: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, subjective norms, hedonic motivation, and cultural values.Recent years have seen and explosion of online social networking as a cyberspace to bring crowdsourcing into a mobile context. Furthermore, advanced social cloud computing and crowdsourcing technologies were utilized in the emergency management. Mobile social networking technology is a powerful platform for leveraging the crowdsourcing in large-scale events or in a crisis management. It provides opportunities for empowering collaborative social concerns. The explosive growth of using social networking in such historical events as Arab spring uprising has provided enabling platform for conducting mobile crowdsourcing in crises management. Despite the increased usage of mobile and Internet applications recent studies indicated that Arab people are still reluctant to use and accept Internet applications technology for various reasons. Thus, the present research has extended the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) to study the major determinants of the behavioral intention to accept or adopt crowdsourcing technology in such cultural environment on Arab World. The proposed extended model incorporated five constructs, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, subjective norms, hedonic motivation, and cultural values. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 901-910 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=109&rid=1577 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201577 Classification-JEL: A12 Keywords: Crowdsourcing,IT Adoption.Crisis Management Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201577 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Meltem Yavuz Author-Name-First: Meltem Author-Name-Last: Yavuz Author-Email: meltem.yavuz@istanbul.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Istanbul University School of Transportation and Logistics Author-Name: R?fat Kama?ak Author-Name-First: R?fat Author-Name-Last: Kama?ak Author-Email: rkamasak@yeditepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Yeditepe University Title: Organisational Routines may not be Effective for the Emerging Market Firms Abstract: Understanding the internal dynamics of an organisation?s routines makes it possible to learn more about the organisation, observe the operation of power dynamics, and foresee the potential conflicts that are likely to emerge (Pentland & Feldman, 2005). Eisenhardt and Martin (2000, p. 1106) identify routines as ?complex and analytic processes that extensively rely on existing knowledge, linear execution, and repetition to produce predictable outcomes at different organisational levels?. Routines facilitate the learning in the organisations about ?what the firm does and how it does? through being transmitted to firm?s culture and employees (Zollo & Winter, 2002). Some theorists (e.g., Zollo & Winter, 2002; Ray et al., 2004; Salvato & Rerup, 2011) emphasise the other important contribution of routines which is the execution of codified procedures (such as the standard procedures for the fulfilment of customer orders, creation and execution of marketing campaigns, and launch or development of new products) that serves as a driving force of the firm?s whole organisational productivity. Although organisational routine literature based on the research that was mostly conducted in developed countries suggests a strong association between routinisation and firm performance and sustained competitive advantage, this may not always be true especially for the emerging market firms. Hence, strategic flexibility which ?allows firms to respond quickly to dynamic and unstable environmental changes by committing resources to new courses of action, and recognise and act promptly when it is time to halt or reverse existing resource commitments? (Liu et al., 2013, p. 82) is particularly important for the firms operating in emerging markets. Therefore, repetitive and stable routines may not address the context and environment-specific problems of the firms and high strategic flexibility requirement of emerging market firms may discharge routinisation for their strategic operations.As a support to this argument, a recent research (Kamasak, 2013) that was conducted on a multi-industry sample of 176 Turkish firms revealed some noteworthy results. In the study, whilst no relationship between organisational routines and organisational performance was found business processes were significantly associated with performance. In fact, this finding is consistent with the high strategic flexibility requirements of the Turkish firms. Therefore, the suggestion about the ineffectiveness of organisational routines for emerging market firms may be explained within the context of high strategic flexibility requirements of them as a consequence of the country-specific hyperchanging social, economic, and political environments that were highly observed in most emerging markets. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 911-911 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=110&rid=1094 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201094 Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: organisational routines, strategic flexibility, firm performance, emerging market firms Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201094 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mustafa YAVUZ Author-Name-First: Mustafa Author-Name-Last: YAVUZ Author-Email: mustafayavuz@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan University Author-Name: deniz derinbay Author-Name-First: deniz Author-Name-Last: derinbay Author-Email: dderinbay@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: necmettin erbakan university Author-Name: tu?ba özkaral Author-Name-First: tu?ba Author-Name-Last: özkaral Author-Email: tugbaozkaral@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: necmettin erbakan university Title: VARIABLES THAT AFFECTING LEARNING ACCORDING TO THE VIEW OF SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Abstract: Learning is a dynamic process. People always can learn during the life. People who learn a subject is no longer same as previous one. Students may vary on issues such as culture, social class, gender, performance level, learning speed and learning style. There are several factors that facilitate learning or make it difficult. They are related to learners, learning methods, the type of material to be learned and the learning environment. The best way to understand the nature of learning is to study with an objective and systematic research. This study aims to determine the variables that affect learning in science high school students. This research is planned as qualitative research, intended the identification of variables that affect students' learning. The study group consists of 20 students studying in 9th class in Konya Meram Science High School, determined by the homogeneous sampling method. Data were collected through interviews of qualitative research techniques. Semi-structured interviews was used as data collection form prepared by the researchers. Each student interviews were conducted approximately 40 minutes. Data was analyzed by the content analysis method. As a result of the content analysis themes were obtained such as variables affecting learning motivation, people who have contributed to the success of student, learning strategies used of students. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 912-912 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=111&rid=1513 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201513 Classification-JEL: Keywords: learning, learning variables, science high school, student, qualitative research. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201513 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Atila YILDIRIM Author-Name-First: Atila Author-Name-Last: YILDIRIM Author-Email: ayildirim@konya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan Ahmet Kele?o?lu Education Faculty Author-Name: Harun SOLGU Author-Name-First: Harun Author-Name-Last: SOLGU Author-Email: harunsolgu@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Necmettin Erbakan Title: Examination of consumption behavior of teachers Abstract: In this study it is aimed to understand the life standarts of the living of teachers working in both public and the private sector by examining through their spending habits. The universe of the research is cons?sted of the teachers working in public and private sector in Silifke. The sampel of the search is consisted of 103 teachers. 70 of the teachers are working in public and 33 of them are working in the private sector. A survey consisting of 50 questions were applied to this group of workers. The result obtained were analyzed by usung SPSS software.Chi-Square Test was used to compare the standarts of the living of teachers working in the public and private sector by examining their expenditures and to find out whether there is a statistically rational between the expenditures structure and the standarts of the living or not. The results are below;According to the results, it is understood that % 61 of the teachers have 3001 TL and more income, % 44,6 of them have 4001 TL and more income every month. % 87 of them don?t have a beach house. % 66 of the teachers have a house and % 75 of them have a car, % 7,7 of the teachers g oto holiday regularly and % 3,8 of them g oto cinema regularly. The ratio of the average Money spend on social facilities is % 2.The living standars of the teachers working in the private sector are lower than the ones working in the public sector.Besides, it is observed that both private and public sector teachers have a very low ratio of attendance in the concerts, holidays, sports, cultural and other social facilities.Looking at the teachers? incomes, spending attitudes and social conditions, it can clearly be seen that teachers have to ignore those facilities and cut down their expenses.According to the survey results, it is seen that teachers Who are married and have a working wife are in better conditions than the ones whose wives aren?t working or who are single. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 913-913 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=112&rid=1718 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201718 Classification-JEL: I29, A29, I22 Keywords: Spending habits, living standarts, private and public sector teachers Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201718 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MUSTAFA YILDIZ Author-Name-First: MUSTAFA Author-Name-Last: YILDIZ Author-Email: yilmusti@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: NECMETTIN ERBAKAN UNIVERSITY Author-Name: AYSEN SONUC Author-Name-First: AYSEN Author-Name-Last: SONUC Author-Email: yilmusti@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: DIRECTORATE OF YOUTH SERVICES AND SPORTS OF KONYA CITY Title: SPORT?S EFFECT ON ANGER LEVEL FOR PEOPLE WITH MENTAL DISABILITY Abstract: Aim of this study is to research sport?s effect on anger level for the young with mental disability. 25 educable, mentally disabled individuals who receive special education in rehabilitation center, are between ages 10-19, have no physical disability preventing functional abilities that necessary for the study, have never took place in any sports organizations. ?Exercise Program? was applied to experimental group 8 weeks long twice a week. Sessions elapsed nearly 60 minutes. Before and after 8-week-long exercise program, ?Individual Information Form? and ?Trait Anger and Anger Expression Scale? were applied to the group. After application program, experimental groups? low points about trait anger, intrinsic and extrinsic anger, high points about anger control are evaluated as positive. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 914-920 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=113&rid=1202 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201202 Classification-JEL: I19, I10, I19 Keywords: People with Mental Disability, Exercise, Sports, Anger. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet YORULMAZ Author-Name-First: Mehmet Author-Name-Last: YORULMAZ Author-Email: mtyorulmaz@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Faculty of Health Science Title: EVALUATION OF THE ISO 9001:2000 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM APPLICATION IN THE HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Abstract: Investigating the significance of the application of the ISO 9001:2000 quality management system in hospitals in terms of the hospital management system was aimed.: The evaluation of the reflections of the ISO 9001:2000 quality management system in hospital practices render it significant in terms of concerned literature. The study is a descriptive study and was conducted through literature review. Ensuring quality in the presentation of services, work satisfaction and motivation of employees, modernization of management and organization methods, rationality in decision-making mechanisms, documentation of information systems, and the functionality of communication mechanisms are expected with the implementation of total quality management systems in hospitals. Thus, the existence of a strong management model and organization and knowing by who, when, where, by which instruments and methods the work is performed is of importance in order to be able to mention of quality in health services. One of the most important conditions is the belief and support of top management in quality. For the purpose of constantly improving quality in the Turkish healthcare system, planning quality, and demonstrating a systematic approach, there is a need to be aware of and address many prerequisites. Some of these prerequisites are the measurement of the current quality system, constant improvement of the level of quality, a dynamic process, integration of existing basic health services, regional differences, series of activities flowing from the field to the center, full support from the center to the field, sharing of responsibilities and activities, satisfaction of patients/society, and health personnel, increasing the awareness of society, and cooperation. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 921-921 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=114&rid=1545 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201545 Classification-JEL: M12 Keywords: Psychological Contract, Health Sector, Alienation, Organizational Trust Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201545 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: BABATUNDE YUSUF Author-Name-First: BABATUNDE Author-Name-Last: YUSUF Author-Email: jiri@rotschedl.com Author-Workplace-Name: LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY Author-Name: AKINWUNMI ONAFALUJO Author-Name-First: AKINWUNMI Author-Name-Last: ONAFALUJO Author-Email: onafalujo@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY, OJO, LAGOS Author-Name: KHADIJAH IDOWU Author-Name-First: KHADIJAH Author-Name-Last: IDOWU Author-Email: idowuadeola2@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY, OJO, LAGOS Author-Name: YUSUF SOYEBO Author-Name-First: YUSUF Author-Name-Last: SOYEBO Author-Email: usefaith4eva@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY, OJO, LAGOS Title: Capital Structure and Profitability of Quoted Firms: The Nigerian Perspective (2000-2011) Abstract: The study investigates the relationship between capital structure and profitability of conglomerate, consumer goods, and financial services firms quoted in Nigeria Stock Exchange. In this paper, the sample data collected from the ten randomly selected firms among the three industries were from 2000 to 2011. This comprises a sample size of 120 used for the study. The study used Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) as performance proxies. In addition, debt equity ratio (DER) and debt asset ratio (DAR) were used as capital structure proxies. The relationship between the performance and capital structure proxies were analysed using correlation coefficient and regression techniques. According to the results, the relationship between capital structure (both DER and DAR) and return on asset (ROA) is not significant across all firms except for 7up and Nestle. It also shows an insignificant relationship between return on equity (ROE) and DAR. However, there is a significant relationship in almost all firms between return on equity and debt to equity. This justifies that a highly geared firm tends to have high profitability. Moreover, the nature of the industry also determines the effect of capital structure on their profitability. In the financial firms, there is a negative significant relationship between return on equity and debt to assets ratio. In the conglomerate firms, there is also a negative relationship between return on assets (ROA) and debt to equity ratio however not significant. This explains that highly geared firms have significant relationship with return on equity while insignificant with return on assets. The study recommends that firms that want to maximise shareholders wealth should increase their leverage while firms that ensure stakeholders performance should increase their assets. Conclusively, a mix of the firms? leverage and assets at an appropriate ratio will be considered a good capital structure for the firms. Length: 21 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 922-942 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=115&rid=2135 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0202135 Classification-JEL: G30, G20, E44 Keywords: Equity, Debt, Asset, Returns, Capital structure, Firm profitability Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0202135 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Naglaa Zaafarany Author-Name-First: Naglaa Author-Name-Last: Zaafarany Author-Email: nagla_za@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Madar Author-Name: Sawyia AlSahar Author-Name-First: Sawyia Author-Name-Last: AlSahar Author-Email: al.moslema@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pension Author-Name: Sawyia AlSahar Author-Name-First: Sawyia Author-Name-Last: AlSahar Author-Email: al.moslema@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pension Title: The prospects of developing Suez Canal Region ? A futuristic vision Abstract: Located strategically between three continents which hold thousands of markets and industrial global zones, the Suez Canal is considered to be the shortest link between the east and the west due to its unique geographic location.This importance is getting augmented with the evolution of maritime transportation of the world trade, being the cheapest means of transportation, whereas more than 80% of the world trade volume is transported via waterways.Saving the distance for ships has its potential effect on the cost of time and on operational costs for materials and commodities that are shipped through the Canal, maximizes this importance.After the Egyptian revolution on 2011 and the increasing need to develop the national economy of Egypt, a major project to develop the Suez Canal passage way was launched by the Egyptian government on 2012. This paper aims to investigate the impact of developing the region of the Suez Canal passage on Egyptian economy and the world economy. In order to achieve this purpose a research methodology consisting of literature review is used to achieve an in depth understanding of the importance of Suez Canal in global trade. Second part of the paper investigates the plans laid by the Egyptian government to develop the corridor as a world logistics hub. The third part introduces the idea of constructing a similar route of Suez Canal in Sinai to maximize the benefits of the developed area and the impact this can have on Egyptian and global trade. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2014-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 10th International Academic Conference, Vienna, Jun 2014, pages 943-954 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=116&rid=1554 File-Function: First version, 2014 Number: 0201554 Classification-JEL: A30, A19, A10 Keywords: Suez Canal, Egypt, Egyptian Economy, Economy, world trade, maritime transportation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0201554