Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hossein Abadian Author-Name-First: Hossein Author-Name-Last: Abadian Author-Email: hoabadian@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Imam Khomeini Int'l University, Dept. of History Title: Armenians Socio-Political Activists & Iranian Constitutional Revolution (1905-1911) Abstract: Through the Contemporary history of Iran, Armenians have been the most important religious and ethnic minority having an undeniable role in the significant developments of the country and especially in Iranian Constitutionalist Revolution. Such a role is in no way limited to constitutionalism of course; one may trace back and forth their contribution in many pre and post-constitutionalism instead. Armenians had such an involvement in the developments of Iran after the politically and socially great Constitutionalist Revolution that the full list of political activities may not exclude their contribution in the social developments of Iran. This was because of the desirable conditions provided to the Armenians in Iran. This study deals with the role did play various Armenian groups and parties in socio-political changes in Iran at the beginning of her modern history.Generally, Armenians were related with Iranian constitutionalism from several aspects; the first and most significant relation had been established through the social-democratic movement. They provided for a relation between Iranian social-democratic associations and international socialist movement. They would convey the message of Iranian people to European nations.The second means for the relation of Armenians with Iranian Constitutionalism was Dashnak party which was realized by the active participation by Yeprem Khan. Armenians were pioneers of women?s rights and the issue of separation of religion and politics. They were organized but not necessarily converging groups and made a great effort in the re-establishment of Iranian constitutionalism. The broad relations and communications they had with the overseas, provided for Iranian revolution to convey its message beyond geographic limits of this country and to Europe. Armenians would provide for the relation between Iranian constitutionalists and Caucasian social-democratic forces and even with social-democratic party of Russia. This way, Iranian revolution was related with Bolsheviks on one hand and with Mensheviks on the other. Iranian Constitutionalists had communication with Lenin, Kaotsky and Pelekhanov through Armenians. Furthermore, Armenians were effective in many social and cultural developments of Iran and hence their names shall never be erased from the pages of Iranian Contemporary history. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 1-18 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=001&rid=3649 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503649 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Iran, Armenians, Constitutional Revolution, Political Parties, Social Changes Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503649 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Simona Adascalitei Author-Name-First: Simona Author-Name-Last: Adascalitei Author-Email: simona.adascalitei@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Romanian Academy Iasi Branch Title: The importance of High Frequency Data on the Financial Markets Abstract: While the High Frequency Trading (HFT) activity is in decline and researchers have inconclusive results about its net (positive/negative) impact on the financial markets, massive quantities of High Frequency Data (HFD) become more and more accessible. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of HFD on the Financial Markets. To support this statement, we will analyze some of the special characteristics of High Frequency Data (HFD) compared to the characteristics of Low Frequency Data (LFD). Then we will make a review of the papers that have proven that the use of HFD can improve the accuracy of volatility measures, volatility estimators, and volatility forecasts. Given this superiority of HFT over LFD, our aim is to encourage academics and practitioners to start focusing more on this type of data in order to have a better understanding of the highly dynamic financial markets. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 19-19 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=002&rid=3637 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503637 Classification-JEL: G10, G17 Keywords: High Frequenc Trading, High Frequency Data, Financial Markets, Volatility Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503637 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jeongeun Ahn Author-Name-First: Jeongeun Author-Name-Last: Ahn Author-Email: amielove1108@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ewha Womans University Title: The Generation Vote and Influential Media Power in Republic of Korea Abstract: The ?generation? has had a great effect on general elections since 2002 in South Korea. It is important to generate ?the generation vote?. The generation has made a ?generation cleavage? organize axis that consist of the left of axis called the young and progressive ?2030(both 20s and 30s)? and the right of axis called the old and conservative ?5060(50s and 60s)?. In the meantime, the study of generation vote emphasized that one generation experienced a similar to political experience became one cohort group, having an identical voting behavior in election.After 2002, however, the newly rising 20s has brought generation cleavage to change a new cleavage paradigm since a presidential election in 2007. They have taken a stance midway between conservative and the progressive since 2007. They have gone as far as to turn conservative since 2012. The change of the 20?s generation vote is caused by ?media literacy?. Media literacy is a competence of communication that enables people to analyze, evaluate, and create messages in a wide of variety media modes. The new rising 20s voters who have higher media literacy than other generations are able to approach a several of political information from a new viewpoint. Therefore, although the new rising 20s voter have different characteristics from other generations, they have shared their political tendency with other generations due to their higher degree of media literacy. In short, this paper would be centrally analyzed the change of the new rising 20s voters who have influence over changing the generation cleavage. Due to the media literacy, the differentiation of an intra-generational cohort such as the voting behavior of the 20s voters makes a new voter group that forms an alliance with other generations. So, It doesn't make the existing political generation cleavages such as 2030 vs. 5060, but the newly political generation cleavages such as 2030 vs. 2050. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 20-20 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=003&rid=4157 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504157 Classification-JEL: Keywords: generation vote, political voting behavior, media power Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504157 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sinan Sami Akkurt Author-Name-First: Sinan Sami Author-Name-Last: Akkurt Author-Email: samiakkurt@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University school of law Author-Name: Alper Uyumaz Author-Name-First: Alper Author-Name-Last: Uyumaz Author-Email: alperuyumaz@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University school of law Title: REGISTERS IN TURKISH CIVIL LAW AND THE FUNCTIONS OF THEM Abstract: The registration states enrolment of some information and documents that has a great importance diversely. Also, register states the enrolled place of this information. However, records are registries appeared with being preserved and kept by governmental officers for a variety of reasons. Records using Turkish Civil Code as a base are land registry, born, death and marriage registry, retention of title registry and cattle pledge registry. On the other hand, records using other Turkish Codes are gradable as commercial registry, traffic registry, ship registry, aircraft registry, mine (ore) registry, commercial enterprise pledge registry, brand registry and patent registry. In fact, the aim of giving a place to registers in a law system is to clarify some subjects. The function of publicity, even if it is not in question for all above mentioned registers, states the most substantial function of a record system. When publicity is said, it must be understood that registrations in relevant record are supposed to be known by everyone. This assumption is an absolute presumption. To be unfamiliar with this situation is not being accepted as an excuse. The function of confidence as a derivative and continuation of this function may be indicated. The function of confidence is the acknowledgement of information in records that is assumed to be known by everyone and the protection of rights had by relying on these records. It cannot be raised an object, if they satisfy the conditions, to right of people that is gaining it based on these assumptions. Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 21-36 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=004&rid=4094 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504094 Classification-JEL: K11 Keywords: register, land register, publicity, trust priciple, registers in Turkish Civil Code Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504094 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Akvan Author-Name-First: Mohammad Author-Name-Last: Akvan Author-Email: M_akvan2007@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University Author-Name: Mahmood Seyyed Author-Name-First: Mahmood Author-Name-Last: Seyyed Author-Email: mahmood.seyyed@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University Title: Architectural Interactions between the Indian Subcontinent and Iran Abstract: Following expansion of Islamic territories toward India, Iranian Islamic architecture also found its way to Indian subcontinent as well as to Far East. Studying the effects of Iranian Islamic architectural arts and the results of its development and maturity in the subcontinent can be considered as a feedback in architectural arts interaction mainstream of the two sides.Muslims constructed their first buildings as soon as they got into Indian subcontinent. Remnants of a mosque from eighth century AD in Indus valley is a sign of this era. In twelfth century AD, the more Muslims arrived to the subcontinent, the more remnants were left. After ages, in an era known as Mogul Empire (Indian Gurkani), the architecture of the subcontinent flourished mainly under the influence of Iranian arts. Historical monument of Taj Mahal is a famous Islamic architectural monument in the world, which was constructed at this era by Muslim masters and architects some of whom were Iranian. Khorshid Palace (sun house), in Kalat Nader city of Iran, is also among those unique monuments which was built in Afsharid dynasty after subjugating India by Nader Shah, combining mastery of Indian architects with Iranian architecture.In this article, we first discuss entrance of Islam to Indian subcontinent, and mention periods of Muslims? governance especially during Indian Gurkani. Then the effect of Iranian arts in Indian Gurkani courts on one hand, and footprints of Indian architecture in Khorshid Palace on the other hand, particularly in its decorations, will be discussed. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 37-48 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=005&rid=4265 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504265 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Taj Mahal, monument, Gurkani, Afsharid, Iranian-Indian, architecture Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cynthia Akwei Author-Name-First: Cynthia Author-Name-Last: Akwei Author-Email: c.a.akwei@ljmu.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Liverpool John Moores University Title: Evaluation of Implementation of the Sustainability Agenda for Sustainable Development in a Developing Country Abstract: This study investigates the types and implementation of sustainability in a developing country. Sustainability is a major driver in the development and implementation of strategy and business operations in recent times. There is the call for organisations to develop sustainability agenda to ensure the long-term maintenance of systems economically, socially and environmentally. Although there is a growing body of literature in the developed countries on the sustainability agenda in the mining industry, in developing countries however; there is limited research conducted in the mining industry. This paper therefore investigated the types and implementation of the sustainability agenda in Ghana?s mining industry. Due to the scarce relevant research in this area and the peculiar cultural and administrative distance between developing and developed countries, this study adopted a qualitative research approach using the interview tool to develop a deeper meaning and understanding into the types and implementation of the sustainability agenda. Data was analysed using the thematic and narrative analysis.The findings showed that although sustainability agenda is practised in Ghana, the most prevalent types of sustainability agenda in Ghana?s mining industry took the form of Social interventions. For implementation, various programmes and activities are undertaken based on the social interventions. Length: 21 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 49-69 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=006&rid=3731 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503731 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Sustainability Agenda, Triple Bottom Line, Sustainable Development in Mining Industry, Emerging Markets Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503731 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: melda altikatoglu Author-Name-First: melda Author-Name-Last: altikatoglu Author-Email: maltikatoglu@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Yildiz Technical University Title: DEVELOPMENT OF UREA BIOSENSOR BY USING NEW ENYZME-POLYMER CONJUGATES Abstract: In this study, ureaz- polymer (dextran) covalent conjugates were synthesized whose resistance was increased against high temperature. Firstly dextran aldehyde derivative was synthesized and enzyme-polymer conjugates with different molar were synthesized using enzyme. The obtained conjugates were examined with GPC system and FTIR spectroscopy. Activities of synthesized conjugates and free enzyme at different temperatures and pH values are determined and results are compared. The conjugates showed lower activity compared to purified enzyme in all temperatures and pHs. However, the conjugates against increasing temperatures showed greater activity values when it is compared to free enzyme. The conjugate displayed quite well thermal stability against high temperatures. In this study, the development of a urea sensitive biosensor has been purposed by using micro sized potentiometric ammonium sensitive composite membrane sensor The enzyme is be used to immobilize for composite ammonium sensor membrane surface or inside while biosensor is being prepared. The urea-sensitive biosensor is not include inner reference electrode and inner reference solution. The biosensor is thought to be more suitable to make stable readings for a long time and to be used for continuous measurement systems. Potentiometric performance of biosensor were examined with a computer-contolled measurement system designated.(This study was supported by grant from the TUB?TAK research fund (Project number: 114Z138)). Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 70-70 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=007&rid=3195 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503195 Classification-JEL: C93, I11, O30 Keywords: Enzyme stabilization, enzyme immobilization, enzyme polymer conjugation, urea, dextran, biosensor, activity Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503195 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Serdar Aydin Author-Name-First: Serdar Author-Name-Last: Aydin Author-Email: serdar@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Refik Dilber Author-Name-First: Refik Author-Name-Last: Dilber Author-Email: rdilber@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Ela Aydin Author-Name-First: Ela Author-Name-Last: Aydin Author-Email: elaaydin@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Umit Turgut Author-Name-First: Umit Author-Name-Last: Turgut Author-Email: uturgut@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Riza Salar Author-Name-First: Riza Author-Name-Last: Salar Author-Email: rizasalar@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Title: HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS? MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PROJECTILE MOTION Abstract: The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of conceptual based instruction and traditionally designed physics instruction on students? understanding of projectile motion concepts. Misconceptions relevant to projectile motion concepts were specified by related literature on this subject. Projectile Motion Concepts Test was developed according to misconceptions. The data were gained through 43 students in an experimental group taught with learning activities based on conceptual change instruction and 39 students in a control group who followed traditional classroom instruction. The results showed that conceptual change-based instruction caused significantly better acquisition of conceptual change of projectile motion concepts than the traditional instruction. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 71-71 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=008&rid=3403 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503403 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: conceptual change; misconception; physics education; projectile motion Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503403 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Masoud Azarnoush Author-Name-First: Masoud Author-Name-Last: Azarnoush Author-Email: m.az86@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Atilim University Author-Name: Sule Tuzlukaya Author-Name-First: Sule Author-Name-Last: Tuzlukaya Author-Email: sule.tuzlukaya@atilim.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Atilim University- Faculty of Management Title: The Effect of Downsizing on The Survivors? Social Network Abstract: Nowadays change is an important element in the organizations and the way to handle this change is a key factor of having successful business and survives in the market. According to the business evolution, organizations use different strategies to achieve their goals. One of the famous strategies which are getting popular among managers is downsizing. From 1985 to 1989 the employment amount increase by 11.7 million but about 4.3 million employees who had been working with their company for 3 years lost their job because the company moved or stopped working and lack of tasks for them (H.Kang, 1999). Most of the managers? just look the positive effect of downsizing in the organization but with a closer view we can see some other issues which change the organizational network especially survivors? network. As the downsizing is becoming one of the key issues in every organization there are different discussions about survivors? performance, behavior and social network but there some unclear points about the major impacts of downsizing on the survivors? social network.This study explores the effect of downsizing on the survivors? social network while analyzing the organizational and survivors? network before and after downsizing. This article will argue the structure of social network in the organization by focusing on the network ties and perspectives.The paper defines three propositions regarding to the survivors? social network which is included, the ability of survivors to rebuild the network after downsizing, survivors? position in the network and finally job position of them. The result of this research will provide a clear path for managers and employees before and after downsizing. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 72-72 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=009&rid=3975 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503975 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Downsizing, Survivors' Social Network, Network ties, Organizational Network Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503975 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Priya BAGUANT Author-Name-First: Priya Author-Name-Last: BAGUANT Author-Email: pbaguant@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sharjah Title: The Challenges of Talent Management in a diverse workforce: The Case of Dubai Abstract: This paper addresses the key concept of talent management and diversity. Talent management is based on acquiring, motivating and retaining the best suited employees in line with optimal use of human resources. The Talent Management, is widely recognised in debates about managing people, although its inception dates back only to the 1990s, when McKinsey & Company published their report on ?The War for Talent? (Michaels et al., 2001). The scholarly literature on talent management started as a relatively uncomplicated debate on the ?war for talent? between corporate organisations seeking to gain a sustained competitive advantage (Chambers et al., 1998; Morris and Pinnington, 2002). In the main, talent management can be defined as the creative and competitive ways by which organisations meet their human capital needs (Tatli et al. 2012). In recent years the notion of talent management has been broadened in order to deal with issues such as talent shortages and surpluses, how talent may be located and relocated, and lastly how talent may be effectively compensated (Schuler et al., 2011; Tarique and Schuler, 2010).Skils shortages are a global phenomenon, although they impact on economies in different ways across Asia Pacific, Americas, Europe and the Middle East (Manpower, 2010). The UAE relies heavily on its expatriate workers, which has outnumbered its local workers for several decades (Shah, 2008). This is the case in the public sector and the private sector (Forstenlechner and Rutledge, 2011). The effective management of talent is seen as essential for the sustainable development of the economy. This paper will address some of the ways in which Dubai is dealing with this matter. The paper will be based on the theoretical framework and its application to the context. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 73-79 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=010&rid=3938 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503938 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Talent management, Diversity, Sustainable Development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503938 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?brahim Bak?rta? Author-Name-First: ?brahim Author-Name-Last: Bak?rta? Author-Email: bakirtas_i@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Aksaray University Author-Name: Süleyman Koç Author-Name-First: Süleyman Author-Name-Last: Koç Author-Email: suleymankoc@aksaray.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Aksaray University Title: VECTOR AUTOREGRESSION APPROACH TO THE RELATIONS AMONG CURRENT ACCOUNT, REAL EXCHANGE RATE AND GROWTH IN TURKEY Abstract: Current account deficit (CAD) is particularly the main vulnerability of Turkish economy in the post 2001 crises period. High level of CAD/GDP ratio was a crisis indicator for Turkish economy but this remarkable indicator can not cause any crisis despite of 5 percent period mean value in the post 2001 crisis era. In this study we try to determine dynamic relationship among CAD, real effective exhange rate (REER) and economic growth in Turkey by using Vector Autoregression (VAR) method in the 2003Q1-2014Q3 period. Based on the estimated VAR model, impulse-response functions and forecast error variance decompositions shows that current account deficit (CAD) is a strong determiner of economic growth in Turkey. We also found that CAD and REER are granger cause of economic growth in Turkish economy. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 80-80 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=011&rid=4064 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504064 Classification-JEL: C32, F32, F31 Keywords: Current Account Deficit, Vector Autoregression, Growth, Real Exchange Rate, Turkish economy. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504064 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ibrahim BAKIRTAS Author-Name-First: Ibrahim Author-Name-Last: BAKIRTAS Author-Email: bak?rtas_i@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: AKSARAY UN?VERSITY Author-Name: Mumin Atalay CETIN Author-Name-First: Mumin Atalay Author-Name-Last: CETIN Author-Email: atalaycetin@aksaray.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: AKASARAY UNIVERSITY Title: IS RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION CONSEQUENT OF THE INCOME GROWTH? Abstract: Most because of the rapidly increasing world population, the world energy demand has also increased year by year. Unfortunately, that energy demand has satisfied with an energy sources such as oil, natural gas and coal that can?t be sustainable. In this regard the extensive and rapidly increasing use of fossil fuels is concieved as a main reason both of the climate change and global warming. On the other hand the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution is frequently investigated by researchers in the economic literature. The main theoretical proposition of this relationship named as Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis by researchers. According to this hypothesis, at the early stages of economic development, governments and citizens are rarely aware of the environmental problems and environmental friendly energy sources such as renewable energy that is not so profitable to use because of its high investment costs. Afterwards, along with per capita income increase, environmental pollution increases to the beyond of the ecological threshold level. In that point, environmental quality improves with higher income per capita. However governments may still prefer to consume mainly fossil fuel energy sources in their energy policies because of the high investment costs of the renewable energy sources. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between renewable energy consumption per capita and income per capita in G-20 countries during 1992 and 2010 by using panel data analysis techniques. According to the analysis results, income per capita has a statistically significant (1 percent significancy) and positive impact (0.61%) on renewable energy consumption per capita in the long run. However it has found that increase in carbon dioxide emission (CO2) per capita any statistically significant impact on renewable energy consumption per capita. Concordantly coherent with the EKC hypothesis, it has found in that study that G-20 countries are prefer to consume renewable energy sources depending upon the increase in income per capita. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 81-81 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=012&rid=4081 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504081 Classification-JEL: Q50 Keywords: Environmental Kuznets Curve, Renewable Energy, Panel Data Analysis, Income, G-20 countries. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504081 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hülya Bak?rta? Author-Name-First: Hülya Author-Name-Last: Bak?rta? Author-Email: hbakirtas@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Aksaray University Title: The Effects of Materialism and Consumer Need for Uniqueness on Frugality Abstract: This paper examines the relationships between materialism, frugality and consumers? need for uniqueness (CNU) among Turkish consumers. Although each concept is different with respect, these are two common characteristics that these concepts share: i) a lifestyle, ii) a personality trait. Each concept is important for understanding consumer choice and consumption of products. Consumer choice is not only the outcome of rational process, but also individuals? underlying needs. Frugality may be driven by CNU and materialism derived from personal experience. Individuals conspicuously consume to signal their wealth and to be different from other. Materialism and CNU are closely related. However, there is uncertainty on whether the relationship between these variables is causal or non-casual. Despite this uncertainty, both variables are expected to have influence on frugality. This study was carried out between dates of September 2014 and February 2015. Firstly, the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was carried out and then, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the hypothesis. Analysis results show that materialism and CNU2 have negative impact on frugality and these impacts were not statistically significant. CNU1 has positive impact on frugality and only the relationship was statistically significant. Finally, the study has limitations and is provided suggestions for further research. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 82-82 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=013&rid=4133 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504133 Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: Materialism, Frugality, Consumers? Need for Uniqueness, SEM, Consumer Behaviour. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?brahim Bak?rta? Author-Name-First: ?brahim Author-Name-Last: Bak?rta? Author-Email: bakirtas_i@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Aksaray University Author-Name: G. Canberk BULU? Author-Name-First: G. Canberk Author-Name-Last: BULU? Author-Email: canberkbulus@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Aksaray University Title: Corrruption: The Determinants and Effects Abstract: This study aims to identify the determinants of corruption and its influence for 159 countries in the years between 2008-2012 by using Structural Equation Model. For this purpose, the model is constructed as the determinants of corruption in the period of t-1, the corruption in the period of t and the effects of corruption in the period of t+1. Model is analyzed in two structures. It is examined that determinants of corruption?s effects on the corruption in the first structure and the economic and political effects of the corruption in the second. According to the results, there is statistically a negative relationship between economic determinants and the level of corruption. Similarly there is a negative relationship between political determinants and the level of corruption. Moreover, there is a negative relationship between socio-cultural determinants and the level of corruption. It is observed in the second construction of the analysis that there is statistically a negative relationship between corruption and selected economic indicators. Similarly there is statistically a negative relationship between corruption and selected political indicators. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 83-83 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=014&rid=4052 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504052 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Corruption, Structural Equation Modelling, Economic Variables, Socio-culturel Variables, Political Variables Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504052 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?ükrü Balc? Author-Name-First: ?ükrü Author-Name-Last: Balc? Author-Email: sukrubalci@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Author-Name: Emre Osman Olkun Author-Name-First: Emre Osman Author-Name-Last: Olkun Author-Email: emreolkun@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Title: The Relation between Loneliness in Social Life and Facebook Usage Abstract: Social networks like Facebook have become one of the most important mass communication vehicles at the present day. It is estimated that today more than 1 billion people use Facebook on the world. Facebook was designed to develop the social attraction in virtual areas. In this type of communication style, users can declare their personal information on their personal page provided by social networking sites and they can share videos and photos with other users or they can supply information to other users about their personal life. Members can see each other's pages and they can communicate with other members with using chat implementation which seems mobile messaging. This interaction and possibility of social networking sites draw attention of young people and adolescents because of providing detailed information for them to develop friendship. On the other hand, young people feel more lonely themselves in modern life style and this has increased the demand of young people for media usage. Especially foreign students leaving their culture and families back come Turkey for their education and they are so sensitive in terms of loneliness and media dependency. This study aims to measure the relation between loneliness level and Facebook usage patterns of foreign students in Turkey. Survey method was used to collect data and data were got together from 316 participants with using face to face questionnaire technique. The results of the study show the relations among participants' loneliness level, daily Facebook usage rates, weekly Facebook usage frequency, Facebook usage experience and Facebook usage reasons. As a first finding, it was found that the most frequent used communication medium was the social media. A large majority (90 %) of the participants stated that they had been using Facebook since 1-6 years with an average duration of 54 minutes each session. Usage motives were given as communicating with friends, getting informed about events and people and leisure time pursuit. The study revealed a positive relationship between loneliness of foreigners and Facebook usage that implies social network usage is increasing with rising loneliness level. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 84-100 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=015&rid=3604 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503604 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Social Networking Sites, Facebook, Loneliness, Foreign University Students Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503604 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nino Beraia Author-Name-First: Nino Author-Name-Last: Beraia Author-Email: ninoberaia@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: Marine Natsvaladze Author-Name-First: Marine Author-Name-Last: Natsvaladze Author-Email: marine.natsvaladze@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi state University Title: Medium-term prognosis of residential real estate market price indices in Tbilisi, Georgia Abstract: The importance of real estate market could not be overstated for economics in countries like Georgia, where the share of the construction and real estate sectors is totaling 30% in whole economy. The real estate market is far from being perfect market and this imperfection defines the peculiarity of the research methods. Performing high quality analytical work on real estate market is very difficult and complex task, which brings together working out the methodology relevant to the accessible data (every country has its own difficulties regarding the quality and accessibility of real estate market data), also the rules of interpreting the data and algorithm of drawing out the recommendations.The methods of prognosis of real estate market indices could be classified as follows:1.Expert?s prognosis based on the methods like intuition, deep knowledge of local market, method of analogies;2.Heuristic prognosis ? quantitative and qualitative analysis of factors, method of scenarios;3.Fundamental prognosis of factors (construction volume, supply, demand) ? based on the analysis of economic situation and its influence on real estate market;4.Prognosis based on Regression models ? regression analysis, statistical modeling;5.Prognosis based on multi factor models and Neural Network modeling.In the current article are given the prognosis based on the regression model and the heuristic prognosis of residential market in Tbilisi, Georgia. The outcomes are than compared and checked against the real situation, finally are given the recommendations.The results suggest that the best solution is to use the method combining both heuristic and statistical approaches. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 101-111 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=016&rid=3874 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503874 Classification-JEL: A10 Keywords: Real estate market, real estate market indicies, prognosis, residential market Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503874 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Faruk B?L?R Author-Name-First: Faruk Author-Name-Last: B?L?R Author-Email: farukbilir@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK ÜN?VERS?TES? Author-Name: Ümit Süleyman ÜSTÜN Author-Name-First: Ümit Süleyman Author-Name-Last: ÜSTÜN Author-Email: sustun@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK ÜN?VERS?TES? Title: APPLICABILITY OF THE PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM IN TURKEY Abstract: We need to mention about the presidential systems rather than a presidential system. As it is not possible to make a single definition of the presidential system, it is not possible to assess in the same category made the match a certain pattern of multiple presidential system. There are different state applications of the presidential system. So this system varies from country to country. For example, the US presidential system applied is different from the presidential system implemented in Latin America. In the presidential system applied in the US is strong in both the legislative and executive. In the US there is a strong legislature. The legislature is weak in Latin American countries such as Mexico and Venezuela. Presidents in these countries are extremely powerful. A common feature of these systems is that the president is elected by the people. So the president and parliament on all presidential systems is determined by different election. Therefore, there is two seperate sources of legitimacy based on the election of the president and parliament in presidential systems. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 112-118 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=017&rid=3926 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503926 Classification-JEL: K10 Keywords: PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM, PARLIAMENT, ELECTION, TURKEY, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503926 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ioana Maria Bucerzan (married Precup) Author-Name-First: Ioana Maria Author-Name-Last: Bucerzan (married Precup) Author-Email: im.precup@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Title: BUSINESS DYNAMICS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND MACROECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF BUSINESS FAILURE Abstract: Entrepreneurial activity represents a great asset for the European Union economy, and encouraging entrepreneurship poses a great challenge in the context of the recent economic crisis. Considering this and the Europe 2020 strategy, entrepreneurship plays an important role for economic recovery, as it is considered to generate jobs, economic growth and progress. In this context, the aim of this paper is to explore the business dynamics in the European Union over a 5 year period from 2008 to 2012, first by trying to identify, from the perspective of business demography indicators, if disparities are evidenced among EU member states, and secondly, by conducting panel data analysis, to identify the extent to which macroeconomic determinants have an influence on business dynamics in the European Union, in particular on the death rate of enterprises. The results show that there are considerable variations in business dynamics within EU member states and that the macroeconomic environment has an important role in shaping entrepreneurial activity and achieving economic recovery. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 119-119 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=018&rid=4278 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504278 Classification-JEL: M21, C19 Keywords: business dynamics, business demography, business failure Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sava? Çevik Author-Name-First: Sava? Author-Name-Last: Çevik Author-Email: scevik@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics Author-Name: Mehmet Okan Ta?ar Author-Name-First: Mehmet Okan Author-Name-Last: Ta?ar Author-Email: otasar@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics Title: The Impact of Double Tax Treaties on Foreign Direct Investments: Evidence from Turkey?s Outward FDIs Abstract: Double tax treaties (DTT) are mainly signed to overcome the problem of international double taxation and to coordinate national tax systems in bilateral or multilateral economic interactions. However, one more reason to engage in DTTs is to facilitate international economic flows for capital especially and to attract foreign capital. To increase foreign direct investment (FDI) is a desirable policy goal for both developing and developed countries. In order to examine whether DDTs have significant impact on FDIs, this paper analyzes Turkey?s outward FDI stocks to 71 host countries over the period of 2001-2012. In analyses, we use Turkey?s FDI stock toward the host countries as dependent variable. In addition a number of control variables, we analyze the impact of a dummy of presence of DTTs and the age of treaty. As the estimation technique, we mainly use fixed effect estimators and regressions with panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) to handle heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation, in addition to some other specifications for robustness aims. After controlling for various determinants of bilateral FDI stocks, the study?s results show that DTTs are indeed positively associated with foreign investment toward the host country from Turkey. This finding supports policy considerations on the impact of DTTs on FDIs. The results hold for various of specifications. Length: 20 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 120-139 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=019&rid=4045 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504045 Classification-JEL: H87, F21, H25 Keywords: double tax treaties, foreign direct investments, international double taxation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504045 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anirban Chakraborty Author-Name-First: Anirban Author-Name-Last: Chakraborty Author-Email: anirban@iiml.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Management Lucknow Title: Optimal Service Recovery Strategy Abstract: Service failure breeds customer dissatisfaction leading to customer churn. However, the customers? perception of the service recovery effort of the firm significantly impacts customers' satisfaction. An effective service recovery has the potential to turn an upset, irritated customer into a loyal one. The present study uses structural equation model to develop the strategy for highest impact service recovery effort for various service failure contexts. It draws on the dimensions of equity theory to understand the causal motivators for customers? behavior under different service failure situations. Use of the longitudinal research design adds to the empirical robustness of the study. The study finds that at the first instance of service failure both interactional justice as well as distributive justice has significant impact on customer satisfaction with the service recovery effort. However in case of successive service failures, interaction justice is no longer significant. In case of repeat service failure, only distributive justice is significant in achieving customer satisfaction with the service recovery effort. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 140-140 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=020&rid=3414 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503414 Classification-JEL: M31, M31, M31 Keywords: Service Recovery, Equity Theory, Customer Satisfaction Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503414 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lia Charekishvili Author-Name-First: Lia Author-Name-Last: Charekishvili Author-Email: licha557@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Invited Associated Professor Title: Statistical Analysis of Educational System of Georgia Abstract: Creation and formation of the high quality educational system, eradication of which should contribute strengthening the Political and Economic power of Georgia, growth of the prosperity of population, and creation of reliable conditions of intrepidity of the country. In spite of the problems the reforms of the systems in the country are still going. The significance of transition to the standard international educational classification is emphasized.The specifics of the Knowledge Economics in Georgia, which is considered as unifier and appraiser of scientific, educational, and technical progress, is impossible to be evaluated with just one value. One of the specifics is that there are no enough investments in the country to make educational inventions successful.It is designated that educational and economic staff in Georgia is evaluated only by qualitative indices. Realization of educational qualification system inside the population reserves of our country and stirring up the process of exchanging the knowledge between the generations is left without attention. The science is almost removed from the direct responsibility of taking care and controlling the educational system. Here are some statistics on education: 90.8% of Georgian pupils at the beginning of the school year 2013-2014 were involved in Public schools while the remaining 9.2% attended private schools. In comparison, in 2000-2001, 98.3% were enrolled in Public schools and only 1.7% were private school pupils.In Georgia there is no gender differentiation while entering a school. Out of 553,016 pupils enrolled in secondary school at the beginning 2013-2014 school year, 47.4% were female and 52.6% were male. In 2013-2014, there were 19 Public Higher Educational Institutions with 83.3 thousand students. Approximately 27% or 34.5 thousand students were enrolled in private institutions. From 2000-2001 to 2012-2013, the quantity of public institutions decreased by 27%, while the number of students decreased by 21.3%. Government expenditure of Georgia on education as percentage of GDP was about 2% in 2012 and expenditure on education as percentage of total government expenditure - about 7%. While in Argentina total government expenditure was 15% in the same year, in Armenia 14%, in Belarus and Barbados 13%, in Chile ?19%.Lastly, I would like to mention that the household?s expenditures share on education in 2013 equaled 2.7% of the total amount. It is very important because private education institutions are paid. This cost is heavier for pupils/students coming from low-income families, where current earnings are crucial to their immediate well-being. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 141-157 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=021&rid=3949 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503949 Classification-JEL: I21, C10, C19 Keywords: Law on Education of Georgia, view of education system of Georgia, education statistics of Georgia, analyses of education of Georgia Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503949 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ridzwan Che Rus Author-Name-First: Ridzwan Author-Name-Last: Che Rus Author-Email: ridzwan@fptv.upsi.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Sultan Idris Education University Title: TO USE OR NOT TO USE HYBRID GROUNDED THEORY IN THE FORMATION OF THE MODERN APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING MODEL IN MALAYSIA Abstract: Under Tenth Malaysia Plan from 2010-2015, Malaysia Government hopes that vocational education to be a mainstream vocational education and transform Malaysia to higher income economic country. The understanding of the formation process of skilled workers should be studied. In Technical and Vocation Education and Training (TVET), most studies using quantitative methods rather than qualitative methods. Hence, most studies only look at the surface and evaluation a training program conducted without in- depth look why and how it happened that way. Grounded theory is one of the qualitative research methods are often used. However, in this study, the researchers focused on the formation of the proposed model system of comprehensive modern apprenticeship. We used this method in effort to form a model of apprenticeship training in Malaysia. We will try to discuss issues and challenges facing by TVET researcher in term of using Grounded Theory. We provide guidance to new researchers who intend to use this method in their study. The use of grounded theory method will allow researchers to grasp the main concern and how respondent resolve it. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 158-165 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=022&rid=3390 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503390 Classification-JEL: I20 Keywords: grounded theory, qualitative, apprenticeship, vocational, TVET Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503390 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Barbara Ciccarelli Author-Name-First: Barbara Author-Name-Last: Ciccarelli Author-Email: ciccareb2006@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences Title: Presentations and the Art of Storytelling: English Language Learning at a Dutch University Abstract: From February 2014 to June 2014 I listened to and viewed about 200 student presentations in the field of international business at Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences in the Rotterdam Business School's International Business and Language Department. I was teaching the entire third year student body in the English program (level B2 to C1). These students were Dutch and international students with English as a Foreign Language, and I am American and a native speaker. What struck me as I was audience to so many presentations was those presentations that did not seem to meet the requirements stood out because rather than just present the standard introduction, body and conclusion along with an array of dates and/or statistics they were delivered through the art of storytelling. Furthermore, the storytelling format no doubt was an aid in their memory and delivery of their presentation in a foreign language, English. Because the presentations were told in a storytelling format, they were far more interesting than the others, and they were far more persuasive. The persuasive presentation of course is very important in the business arena. Gallo recommends that you start by narrating the story, then gather photos, especially those with faces in them. He says presentations with more images than words are more successful. Next include video clips. (A number of my students included video clips but I limited them to 2 minutes as it was a 12 minute presentation.) Storyboard the slides next and then and only then finally create the presentation. There is a long history of the teaching of language learning and storytelling. Massa emphasizes the benefits for the English language learner who is listening to the stories, suggesting the benefits to the rest of my class who are audience to countless presentations over a six month period: "The students will also learn through storytelling that their ability to listen to others will increase, expanding both their vocabulary, knowledge base and sentence structure." I would like to focus in particular on the potential for persuasive business presentations through the art of storytelling by English language learners. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 166-171 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=023&rid=3830 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503830 Classification-JEL: Keywords: presentations, business, storytelling, language learning, memory Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503830 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Onursal Cin Author-Name-First: Mehmet Onursal Author-Name-Last: Cin Author-Email: onursalcin1@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Faculty of Law Title: Wiretapping As a Secret Investigation Measure in Turkish Criminal Jurisdiction Law Abstract: Organized Crimes are increasing all over the world. Besides, communication technologies evolving rapidly. And criminal organizations benefit from this case. Local Investigation authorities who have to struggle with organized crime are also required to take advantage of this technological development. During a criminal investigation, wiretapping is a very important method of obtaining evidence. This measure is the most effective one in the other secret investigation measures and it also violates freedom of communication and private life, which are under guarantee of Turkish Constitution. Because of that the legal formulation and implementation should be performed very carefully.The aim of this article is to discuss the legal and social dimensions of wiretapping system in Turkish Criminal Procedure. Although it is similar to the German System, due to political, social and demographic conditions, some major changes have been made.According to Turkish Constitution Art.22 which entitled Freedom of communication; everyone has freedom of communication. This freedom and its confidentiality can only be limited because of national security, public order, prevention of crime, protection of the general public health and ethic rules or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. In order to limit these freedoms, an authorized judge should make a decision that depends counted reasons by Art.22. Also The European Convention on human rights (ECHR) Art.8 regulates that all people have right to be respected their private and family life, for his home and correspondence. As a Law State no one have permit to violate the Constitution and ECHR. It is a serious crime to wiretap or to use a machine to capture the communications of others without court approval, unless one of the parties has given his prior consent. In recent years, due to the implementation of the unlawful wiretapping in Turkey, we can say that Turkish Criminal Jurisdiction System experienced many sensational cases and scandals. Many official institutions have authority to wiretap in our law system. (Police, Army, Intelligence Agency) But the real problem is illegal eavesdropping. The government must struggle to these malicious people who eavesdrop to citizens by wiretapping devices that can be easily purchased over the Internet. Because this type of listening, has been put majority of our people into ?someone?s eavesdropping me" paranoia.In this context, the study aims to investigate the way of using wiretapping and its shortcomings in the process of criminal investigation of Turkish criminal system. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 172-189 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=024&rid=4165 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504165 Classification-JEL: K14 Keywords: wiretapping, eavesdropping, criminal jurisdiction law Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ertan Cinar Author-Name-First: Ertan Author-Name-Last: Cinar Author-Email: ecinar@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: Soner Demirel Author-Name-First: Soner Author-Name-Last: Demirel Author-Email: sonerdemirel@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Title: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF AIRLINE WEBSITES: AN EVALUATION OF THE AIRLINE COMPANIES THAT HAVE DIRECT FLIGHTS TO ISTANBUL ATATURK AIRPORT IN 2013 Abstract: The demand of the air transportation is showing increase rapidly in Turkey. At the same time, ?stanbul Airport is near the top point from the point of air traffic in Europe. Because of the rapid development of information technology since the 1990s, many people today intensively use this technology for research, socializing, shopping, and many other activities. This study attempts to evaluate airline company websites using the content analysis method. According to the conclusions of this study, some recommendations are made to improve the websites that were included in the study thereby evaluating the websites of the airlines that have flights to ?stanbul Airport in 2013. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 190-201 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=025&rid=3191 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503191 Classification-JEL: R40, C40, L81 Keywords: Airlines, websites, content analysis. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Combrinck Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Combrinck Author-Email: 21058636@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North-West University Author-Name: Mari Van Wyk Author-Name-First: Mari Author-Name-Last: Van Wyk Author-Email: 21058636@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of KwaZulu-Natal Title: Shifting Understandings: The professional development of student teachers doing their professional practice in two rural schools in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Abstract: This study locates itself within the confines of qualitative research and draws on an interpretivist paradigm. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the student teachers? experiences when placed in a rural school to perform their Professional Practicum as part of their professional development. The placement of students at rural schools for their professional practicum was part of the Rural Teacher Education Project (RTEP). This project was a pilot project undertaken by a higher education institution in two schools in the rural district of Vulindlela in the KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. The purpose of the project was to develop a partnership between the higher education institution and the rural schools to assist students in their professional development as teachers. In order to understand their lived experiences, we used drawings, individual interviews and focus group discussions. The data was analysed using Tesch?s open coding to identify themes. The findings indicate that a myriad of lived experiences inform the student teachers? understanding of the role of the teacher; that they draw on these to envisage their role as being a teacher in a rural school; that their experiences of teaching in a rural school. This deepened their understanding of teacher professionalism, the lives of learners, classroom realities, mentoring and the management and organisation of school and classroom; and that they learnt about their professional and personal selves.Conclusions drawn from the themes are used to generate several recommendations to be used to improve the Professional Practicum experience of student teachers. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 202-202 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=026&rid=3070 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503070 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Professional practicum; Professional development; Teaching practice; Rural education Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503070 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Moses Emmanuel Dang Author-Name-First: Moses Emmanuel Author-Name-Last: Dang Author-Email: mobams2000@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Plateau State University, Bokkos Title: The impact of political interference on Local Government Administration in Nigeria: Experience from Plateau State Abstract: Politics and administration are closely related but distinct from each other. This study examined whether politics have positive and or negative impact on Local Government Administration generally, and in specific terms: Plateau State. An evaluation of the historical development of local government system before and after colonial rule in Nigeria was carried out and a critical analysis of the role this third tier of government plays in the socio-economic development of the grassroots. This study utilised existing literature, observation, interview and focus group discussion on the subject matter. It is therefore the opinion of this study that under normal circumstances, politics and administration are two sides of the same coin. They are inseparable and complement one another for the most part. Politics is about making policies while the policies are implemented by the administrators. Whereas the administrators provide advice to the politicians in the formulation of policies, it was observed that politicians intrude and interfere in the affairs of the local government administrators most often negatively thereby truncating the needed grassroots development in Nigeria. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 203-203 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=027&rid=4072 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504072 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Politics, Administration, Local Government, Development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504072 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Soner Demirel Author-Name-First: Soner Author-Name-Last: Demirel Author-Email: sonerdemirel@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: Ertan Cinar Author-Name-First: Ertan Author-Name-Last: Cinar Author-Email: ecinar@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: Medine Elif Othan Author-Name-First: Medine Elif Author-Name-Last: Othan Author-Email: elifothan@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Title: Conflict Points and Air Traffic Problem Resolutions of Air Traffic Controllers in Istanbul Airspace Abstract: Every hour of a day, airlines make millions of flights. In this century, it is getting more and more important to manage air traffic effectively and regularly. In order to manage this job that is important and connected with the human lives directly, there are air traffic controllers in the tower or control centers. To be successful for managing this extreme and exciting air traffic, air traffic controllers have to know and apply the exact rules that have international validity. However, every process of air traffic is not very regular. There may be some problems that air traffic controllers have to solve to prevent air traffic crashes or air misses. These are called ?conflict and conflict traffic?. There are some applications and solving methods in the job life. In this study, ?stanbul Airspace conflict points and applications which are used by air traffic controllers to solve the conflicts and save the day for the crew, passengers and aircrafts are researched. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 204-209 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=028&rid=3193 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503193 Classification-JEL: L93, J28, C10 Keywords: air traffic control, conflict resolution, percentage distribution, single screening model Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: IRIS DHAMO Author-Name-First: IRIS Author-Name-Last: DHAMO Author-Email: irisdhamo@libero.it Author-Workplace-Name: EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA Author-Name: ANA DHAMO Author-Name-First: ANA Author-Name-Last: DHAMO Author-Email: anadhamo@libero.it Author-Workplace-Name: EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA Title: THE STATUS OF THE EU RELATIV IN THE FREE MOVEMENT IN EU Abstract: In the present conference I want to treat the theme related to the Status of the EU relatives in the free movement in EU. As regards to the right of Community nationals and their family members to move and reside freely in the territory of a Member State acquires importance the directive 38/2004.The notion of family varies from one state to another and takes different connotations.When we talk about the right to family reunification, the thought goes immediately to the affirmation and to the international guarantees that protect this fundamental right, specifically to the European Convention of Human Rights of 1950, and respectively in the Article 8 of her.To realize the right to family reunification is not necessary to fulfill specific criteria, located at the opposite for non-EU family member, as in this case not only active holder is a national community, but also the relative of the latter.In this prospective, it turns out that the family composed by european citizens, is presented more complete and protected, precisely because the right to family reunification is exercised in the completion of another fundamental right, that of the free movement, a fundamental right guaranteed and highly respected in the EU. Length: 5 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 210-214 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=029&rid=4274 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504274 Classification-JEL: Keywords: the status of the relative, the concept of free movement, the eu citizen , international law, family reunification, European Convention of Human Right. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504274 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mihaela Cristina Dragoi Author-Name-First: Mihaela Cristina Author-Name-Last: Dragoi Author-Email: mihaelacristina.dragoi@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bucharest University of Economic Studies Title: Means of increasing economic efficiency in the health care system Abstract: Health management is permanently confronted with decisions to allocate limited resources so as to best cover health needs. Considering that the multiple types of health interventions need more than a few simple mathematical formulas, we suggested a framework methodology which can be adapted to each case by the addition of case-particular elements. Since health policy is primarily evaluated in terms of added value, we chose to measure differential efficiency through a method focused on high-interest social policies with impact on a large number of stakeholders, starting from the formula Ui = ? DEi + ? IEi ? Ci (where Ui ? utility of a certain health action i, DEi ? direct efficiency of that action, IEi ? indirect efficiency and Ci ? the cost of implementing health action i).This framework can be the basis for decision management in the health sector, aiding in the selection of a set of actions with maximal economic efficiency from the complete list of possible actions gathered, which fit in a given expense and investment budget. By weighting the socio-economic losses determined by illness treatment and deaths with the benefits obtained by investing comparable sums in health policies with quantifiable positive results, we find advantages at both individual and national level, through a reduction in national income loss due to states of illness, temporary or permanent work disabilities, or death.With the proposed method, efficiency can be calculated for any health policy so that, under resource constraints, maximum effects are obtained in improving or maintain a given population health state. We deem such an approach extremely useful, because estimates of efficiency can be a primary criterion for the prioritization of action in a set time frame. Considering that the financial resources of the Romanian health system do not allow for the simultaneous initiation and execution of the multiple interventions and policies required to meet WHO objectives, those that generate increased efficiency could be applied first and the less efficient delayed. Besides the economic efficiency of a health policy with extensive population coverage, psychological effects are also obtained, classifiable as effectiveness indicators. Mental comfort and the welfare created by avoiding the illness of a family member are impossible to quantify, but are reflected in better focusing and work capabilities. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 215-215 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=030&rid=3763 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503763 Classification-JEL: H51, I18 Keywords: economic efficiency, health management, prioritization, health resource allocation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503763 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sertaç ERC?? Author-Name-First: Sertaç Author-Name-Last: ERC?? Author-Email: asirinkan@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: , Atatürk University, Collega of Physical Education and sport, Recreation Department, Title: THE INVESTIGATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF MOUNTAINEERING AND WALL BARS EXCERCISES TO THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEARING IMPAIRED STUDENTS Abstract: Goal: The goal of this study is to investigate the contribution of mountaineering and wall bars exercises to the physical development of the hearing impaired students. Material and Method: 36 hearing impaired students were involved in the study ( 18 in the experimental group - 18 in the control group). The ages of the students were between 10 and 15. 12 of the students were girls ( 6 in the experimental group - 6 in the control group), and 24 of the students were boys ( 12 in the experimental group - 12 in the control group). 8 of the students study in a primary school and the rest 28 study in a secondary school.All of the students were permitted to take part in the study by both their schools and parents. A special movement training programme was prepared for the research. This programme included the exercises related to dynamic balance, static balance, flexibility, grip strength, back strength and leg strength. During the programme preparation process, great support was received from the associates of the Department of Recreation and Department of Mountaineering. Both the experimental group and the control group students were subjected to some pretests (dynamic balance, static balance, flexibility, grip strength, back strength, leg strength) before the application of that special movement training programme. The study lasted for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, some retests (dynamic balance, static balance, flexibility, grip strength, back strength, leg strength) were applied to the experimental group and the control group, and finally the comparisons were performed.Analysis: Analysing the obtained data with SSPS.16 Program, frequency, percentage, Z values and significance levels were determined. Conclusion and Discussion: A significant (p>0,05 ve p>0, 001) improvement was not observed in the pre-test and post-test data of the control group. On the other hand, in the pre-test and post-test comparisons of the experimental group there were some significant findings reached in the data of (p>0,05) dynamic balance, static balance and flexibility, and in the data (p>0,001) of grip strength, back strength and leg strength. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 216-216 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=031&rid=3203 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503203 Classification-JEL: A20, A22 Keywords: Hearing- impaired, wall bars, movement training programme, recreation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Sinan Erguven Author-Name-First: Mehmet Sinan Author-Name-Last: Erguven Author-Email: sinanerguven@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Title: Flying Dutchman vs. Flying Chef: How National Cultures Shape the Brand Positioning of Flagship Carriers? The Cases of Royal Dutch Airlines and Turkish Airlines Abstract: A flagship carrier company is important for the country?s prestige and it is a channel to communicate about the national culture. Companies use the elements of the culture to create ?the story? of their marketing communication plan. Today Royal Dutch Airlines (KLM) is positioning the brand on the concept ?surprising?, while Turkish Airlines (THY) prefers ?the perfect gastronomic experience? with the celebrity endorsement format. This study is trying to identify the reasons of these choices. Case study method is used to understand the logic behind the brand positioning of two companies. Documents, archival records and marketing communication efforts of the two brands are analyzed retrospectively. Results show that national cultures are dominating the marketing communication strategies and brand positioning of KLM and THY. The clichés and stereotypes of national cultures are used in marketing communication messages. On the other hand, both companies? current brand positionings are shaped after some air crashes. KLM?s Tenerife and THY?s Schiphol accidents are dramatically affected the marketing communication strategies? of this two flagship carriers. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 217-217 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=032&rid=3405 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503405 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Brand Positioning, Marketing Communication Strategy, Turkish Airlines, Royal Dutch Airlines. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503405 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cezar Giosan Author-Name-First: Cezar Author-Name-Last: Giosan Author-Email: cezar@giosan.com Author-Workplace-Name: Babes-Bolyai University Author-Name: Muresan Vlad Author-Name-First: Muresan Author-Name-Last: Vlad Author-Email: contact@muresanvlad.ro Author-Workplace-Name: Babes-Bolyai University Author-Name: Oana Cobeanu Author-Name-First: Oana Author-Name-Last: Cobeanu Author-Email: oanacobeanu@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Babes-Bolyai University Author-Name: Aurora Szentagotai Author-Name-First: Aurora Author-Name-Last: Szentagotai Author-Email: AuraSzentagotai@psychology.ro Author-Workplace-Name: Babes-Bolyai University Author-Name: Oana David Author-Name-First: Oana Author-Name-Last: David Author-Email: oanadavid@psychology.ro Author-Workplace-Name: Babes-Bolyai University Title: An online automated psychoterapeutic intervention: efficacy and therapeutic relationship. Abstract: Depression and anxiety problems are widespread, lifetime risks for developing anxiety are between 6.7% and 18.1% according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Depression is often associated with unemployment and poverty, and is the leading cause of disease burden in high-income countries. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the best researched psychological treatment approach to emotional and behavioral problems. Lately, computerized and online CBT interventions have emerged as a cheaper, anonymous and location independent alternative to classical face-to-face therapy. Online CBT may reduce therapist time, reduce waiting lists, save travel expenses and allow access to people with disabilities, while having similar efficacy to classical therapy formats. The current study investigates the efficacy of a novel web-based therapeutic intervention in reducing depressive and anxiety symptomatology on a sub-clinical sample, as well as measuring the efficacy of a new way of improving the therapeutic relationship via animated avatars. Results show that the new treatment is efficient in reducing depressive symptoms, dysfunctional thoughts and negative emotionality. Additionally, perceived empathy was increased in the avatar-enhanced intervention, while therapeutic alliance was unaffected. Implications are discussed in the context on online CBT vs. classical face-to-face interventions. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 218-218 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=033&rid=4225 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504225 Classification-JEL: I10, I19, I29 Keywords: online CBT, internet, cognitive behavioral therapy, depression, anxiety Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Abdulkadir GÖLCÜ Author-Name-First: Abdulkadir Author-Name-Last: GÖLCÜ Author-Email: kadirgolcu@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: U?ak University Communication Faculty Author-Name: ?ükrü BALCI Author-Name-First: ?ükrü Author-Name-Last: BALCI Author-Email: sukrubalci@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Title: An Analysis of Twitter Messages Shared by Turkish Parliamentarians in terms of Democratic Culture Abstract: Parliamentarians are one of the most important persons for the healthy running and well-being of democratic system. Democratic system naturally demands different points of views and it is nourished by political and cultural tolerance, pluralism and respect. For this reason, parliamentarians work as important actors in promoting democratic values and culture, especially, by representing different political perceptions, they make valuable contributions to modern democracies. With the participation of communication technologies and social media to political life, parliamentarians have become more visible and attainable to public opinions. Particularly, their intense usage of social media for reaching these public opinions turns social networking sites into an Agora which was a central spot in ancient Greek city-states and the center of spiritual and political life of the city. At this point, content of the messages written by parliamentarians become so important for formation of democratic values and culture among people fallowing parliamentarians on social media environments. At that point, this study aims to analyze Twitter messages shared by Turkish parliamentarians during the voting process of Domestic Safety Packet in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey whether they promote democratic culture or not. 30 parliamentarians from different political parties were selected as sampling among 550 Turkish parliamentarians because of their intense usage of Twitter. As for the analysis of the messages, discourse analyze method of Teun Van Dijk will be used. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 219-227 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=034&rid=3609 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503609 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Democratic Culture, Parliamentarians, Twitter, Discourse Analyze. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503609 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alicja Grze?kowiak Author-Name-First: Alicja Author-Name-Last: Grze?kowiak Author-Email: alicja.grzeskowiak@ue.wroc.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Wroc?aw University of Economics Title: Age and the use of various sources of information by adult Poles Abstract: Information plays a more and more important role in the functioning of a modern society. Various traditional and up-to-date sources of information are available. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the relations age ? patterns of obtaining information by the adult Poles on the base of individual and aggregated data. The respondents are divided into ten-year cohorts. The associations are analyzed against this background by applying some visualization and multivariate statistical methods as the principal components analysis with biplot representation, trellis graphs and composite indicators. Three specific objectives are specified. The first one is to portray the situation in Poland in comparison to other European countries, the second one is to identify the relationships age - the use of the information sources and the third one is to evaluate the potential information gaps occurring between the cohorts. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 228-238 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=035&rid=4048 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504048 Classification-JEL: Keywords: information sources, ageing, statistical analysis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504048 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tzuhua Huang Author-Name-First: Tzuhua Author-Name-Last: Huang Author-Email: anteater1029@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Education, University of Taipei Title: A study of exploring the influences of simulation game-based E-books toward high school minority students? reading literacy Abstract: This study explores the influences of simulation game-based E-books toward high school minority students? reading literacy. It is targeted in a group of 183 high school students with 115 of minority students in experimental group and 68 of Han students in control group. Simulation game-based E-books and self-design reading comprehension scale are implemented. The plot of the E-book is related to an eaglet of how it learns to fly in the sky; the little eaglet was timid and later it turned out to be a brave eagle warrior to protect its species. The purpose of using self-constructed interactive E-book is to promote higher level of reading interest. This study compares simulation and non-simulation game-based E-books; the data was analyzed according to three different levels of reading literacy and reading comprehension: access and retrieve, integrate and interpret, and reflect and evaluate. Results showed that the experimental group (simulation game-based E-books) had better reading comprehension than the control group (non-simulation game-based E-books); experimental group in the level of integrate and interpret abilities showed that female are better than male students; Minority students in the experimental group performed better in reading comprehension at all levels compared with Han students; last but not the least, experimental group of students in access and retrieve abilities showed that female performed better than male students. It is concluded that the type of simulation game-based E-books and its content have a significant influence toward Taiwan minority students. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 239-246 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=036&rid=3769 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503769 Classification-JEL: I29, I24 Keywords: simulation digital game-based E-books, reading literacy, reading comprehension Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503769 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chan-Guk Huh Author-Name-First: Chan-Guk Author-Name-Last: Huh Author-Email: chanhuh@cnu.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Department of International Trade, Chungnam National University Title: Normalization of unconventional US monetary policy and its implications: Korea?s monetary policy case Abstract: This study offers some empirical evidence that changes in the US monetary policy affect Korean financial market volatilities, and the efficacy of the Bank of Korea?s policy interest rate to market long-term rate channel of monetary policy since 2000, with emphasis on the post?2008 period, notable for unconventional US monetary policy. In addition, some structural issues related to the financial health of Korean central bank?s balance sheet are reviewed. Results suggest that capital inflow had weakened the efficacy of monetary policy since 2008. The resulting expanded domestic liquidity appears to have contributed to the trend of steady growth in Korean household indebtedness. Given the severe fluidity of the external monetary/financial situation in the short term, having more flexibility in policy rates in both directions seems advisable. It would also be desirable to grant more autonomy to the Bank of Korea in disposing its operating profits so that it could build up its equity reserves. This measure would enhance monetary policy credibility in the medium term by allaying concerns that monetary policy deliberations might be encumbered by potential operating losses, which could lead to onerous consequences for the Bank of Korea. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 247-261 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=037&rid=4115 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504115 Classification-JEL: E52, E58, E44 Keywords: Monetary policy, Unconventional, U.S., Korea Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504115 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Duygu ?LKHAN SÖYLEMEZ Author-Name-First: Duygu Author-Name-Last: ?LKHAN SÖYLEMEZ Author-Email: duyguilkhan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler MeslekYüksekokulu Title: EXTERNAL ORNAMENTS OF KÜÇÜK EFEND? MOSQUE Abstract: Küçük Efendi Mosque is located in an Islamic ? Ottoman Social Complex (kulliye) in Province Istanbul, District Fatih, region Kocamustafapa?a. The mosque was built in 1825; its garden walls have been renewed and a fountain was added in period of Ottoman Sultan, Mahmut II (1839). The mosque has very simple, ordinary ornaments but the ornaments became intensive at garden walls and fountain and minaret that were built in late period. Environment wall was ornamented in baroque style; curtain motives, acanthus leaves, big rosettes, volutes and wavy eaves compose basic components of ornamentation. The minaret has been built like folded round. External ornamentation of the mosque has been analyzed in details in this study and information about Ottoman Late Period ornamentation has been provided and so this period has been tried to be enlightened. Length: 3 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 262-264 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=038&rid=3503 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503503 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: Ottoman Late Period, Mosque, Küçük Efendi Mosque, exterior wall, baroque, minaret, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503503 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Assistant Professor isaree karnreungsiri Author-Name-First: Assistant Professor isaree Author-Name-Last: karnreungsiri Author-Email: mepetcharat@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Srinakharinwirot University Author-Name: Nattaya Praditsuwan Author-Name-First: Nattaya Author-Name-Last: Praditsuwan Author-Email: pnattaya@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Srinakharinwirot University Title: Preparedness of Thai Entrepreneurs for ASEAN Economic Community (AEC): A Case Study of Small and Medium Restaurant Businesses Abstract: The research on ?Preparedness of Thai entrepreneurs for ASEAN Economic Community (AEC): A Case Study of Small and Medium Restaurant Businesses? was aimed at surveying demographic data and business operations of Thai entrepreneurs, who were in small and medium restaurant businesses. The survey also included their perception as well as their preparedness toward AEC. The convenience sampling and self-administered questionnaire were used in collecting and gathering data from 200 entrepreneurs who operated small and medium restaurants in Bangkok, Thailand. Descriptive statistic, including percentage, mean, and standard deviations were utilized when analyzing the data. Hypothesis tests were conducted by using statistical techniques T-Test and F-test. The research results revealed that more than 70 percent of the respondents perceived some information about AEC. For examples, the number of AEC member countries; the objectives of AEC establishment; advantages of AEC towards trading, services, capital, and labor mobilization; impacts of AEC toward restaurant businesses; opportunities for development due to an increase in number of tourists; and a higher competition due to free trades and investment in the businesses. Approximately, 55 to 69 percent of the respondents perceived the information of opportunities to be supported for new sources of capital and business innovation, and for higher opportunities of labor mobilization. Less than 50 percent of the respondents perceived the information of establishment of government supervisory center for restaurant businesses and new regulations for restaurant businesses.On the final part of the survey, most of the respondents rated overall activities towards AEC at the moderate degree of preparedness. In regard to the details, it was found that the respondents rated only one activity at high degree of preparedness. The activity was a renovation of restaurants for cleanliness and international modernist style. Besides, they rated many activities at moderate degree of preparedness. Those activities were an improvement on knowledge about AEC; adjustments for a wide variety and international dishes; design an attractive food menu with multiple languages; changes in food and dressing containers for modernization and beauty; developments on new channels of distribution; developments of training programs for staff; developments of promotion strategies; and adjustments of surroundings, landscapes and facilities.Lastly, the activities that the respondents rated at low degree of preparedness were the planning of conduct research on demand of customers, the necessary of quoting food price in inter currency, and an expansion of new branches or offices in tourist areas. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 265-273 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=039&rid=3740 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503740 Classification-JEL: A12 Keywords: Thai Entrepreneurs, AEC, Restaurant businesses Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503740 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SATISH KUMAR Author-Name-First: SATISH Author-Name-Last: KUMAR Author-Email: skumar.dms@mnit.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Title: The significance of working capital management and its components on SMEs performance - Evidence from India Abstract: Purpose-The main aim of present study is to empirically examine the importance of working capital management and its components on the profitability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India.Design/methodology/approach - We employ panel data regression method on a sample of 433 Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) from India for the period spanning from 2007 to 2012. Following Deloof (2003); Garcia-Teruel and Martinez-Solano (2007) and Tauringana & Afrifa (2013), we use Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) as measure of working capital management and its components (inventory, accounts receivable and accounts payable) and Return on Assets (ROA) as the proxy for SMEs profitability.Findings -Using panel data analysis, we find that the number of days of inventory (DI), number of days of accounts receivables (DAR), the number of days of accounts payables (DAP) and cash conversion cycle (CCC) are negatively correlated with profitability of SMEs in India. Results further show that the management of inventory (DI) and accounts receivables (AR) are important for SMEs profitability in India, albiet the latter is relatively less important than inventory management. Overall, our findings are consistent with the earlier work on SMEs by Garcia-Teruel and Martinez-Solano (2007) and Tauringana & Afrifa (2013).Research limitations/implications - Our sample is limited to 433 SMEs, and therefore the findings cannot be generalized to all the SMEs in India.Practical implications -Results of the present study imply that the SMEs in India need to focus their resources on managing inventory and accounts receivables in order to be more profitable.Originality/value-To best of author?s knowledge, the present study is the first to examine the relationship between WCM and its components to SMEs portability in India. The main contribution of this paper is the finding of relative importance of components of working capital management and their differential influence on profitability of SMEs in the Indian context. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 274-290 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=040&rid=3293 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503293 Classification-JEL: F40, G10 Keywords: Working capital management, Cash Conversion Cycle, India, Return on assets, Small to medium-sized enterprises, number of days of inventory. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503293 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Susanna LAI-YEUNG Author-Name-First: Susanna Author-Name-Last: LAI-YEUNG Author-Email: swclai@ouhk.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: The Open University of Hong Kong Title: Evaluating the efficacy of a general education university course in reducing stress and enhancing well-being Abstract: The literature documents that a substantial percentage of university students experience considerable level of stress and psychological problems that negatively impact on their well-being. Though different student support programmes are often offered on campus, because of various reasons, such as limited number of places in the programmes, time constraint, and students' reluctance to seek-help; such programmes cannot adequately meet students' needs. To address this problem, the author has designed a general education course entitled "Stress and Well-Being" to teach students stress management skills and strategies to enhance their well-being. The course employed a holistic health framework which covers the physical, intellectual, emotional, social and spiritual dimensions of health. It lasted for 14 weeks with two 2-hour sessions each week. Perceived stress, social problem-solving orientations and depression scores were obtained from one hundred and ninety nine studentsat the end of the course. Comparison with a control group of seventy-four students taking another general education course unrelated to stress and well-being was made. It was found that students in the "treatment" group reported lower level of interpersonal stress and had lower depression scores than students in the control group, though the social problem-solving orientation scores of the two groups were similar. Implications of the present preliminary study and recommendations for future studies are discussed. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 291-291 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=041&rid=3458 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503458 Classification-JEL: Keywords: stress and well-being, stress management, general education course, university students Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Evan Lau Author-Name-First: Evan Author-Name-Last: Lau Author-Email: lphevan@feb.unimas.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Author-Name: Alvina Syn-Yee Lee Author-Name-First: Alvina Syn-Yee Author-Name-Last: Lee Author-Email: alvina1101@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Author-Name: Ahmad Zubaidi Baharumshah Author-Name-First: Ahmad Zubaidi Author-Name-Last: Baharumshah Author-Email: baharumshah@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Putra Malaysia Title: EXTERNAL DEBT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA, THAILAND AND PHILIPPINES Abstract: This study aims to examine the contribution of external debt to economic growth in three countries namely; Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines. To discern the causal chain linkages among the I(1) macroeconomic variables typically utilized to test the connection between external debt and economic growth, several econometric procedures are employed in this study. By employing the cointegration test, the results reveal the existence of one unique long-run relationship among the variables for Malaysia while two cointegrating vectors are identified for both Thailand and the Philippines. From the results, it is evident that both the growth-driven exports and export-led growth hypothesis exist in Malaysia and Thailand respectively. The dynamic econometric analysis finds that exports of goods and services appear to be the most leading variable beyond the sample for the next 50 years. The findings from the study recommend the policy makers should formulate effective debt management policies to monitor the amount of external borrowings so that the accumulation of external debt will not hinder the economic growth. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 292-304 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=042&rid=3254 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503254 Classification-JEL: F34, F43, H63 Keywords: External Debt; Economic Growth; Malaysia; Thailand; Philippines. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Victor LAVRIC Author-Name-First: Victor Author-Name-Last: LAVRIC Author-Email: lavricvictor@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: The Bucharest University of Economic Studies Title: Specific characteristics of Romanian entrepreneurs that innovate and carry out research and development activities Abstract: The transition to the knowledge-based economy that we are facing now, with different degrees of intensity, has an overwhelming impact on the role of R&D and innovation, therefore it is of great interest for public and private actors to adequately assess the right tools for fostering knowledge creation and competitiveness growth within the new context. As SMEs are considered to be one of the main areas in the economy that combines both the need for support/attention and the potential to deliver growth and progress, we have focused in our paper on the investigation of some specific characteristics of the Romanian entrepreneurs and managers that are involved in innovation and R&D activities. The data we use in our analysis was collected from more than one thousand small and medium-sized enterprises during 2014, thus giving us the possibility to address in a coherent and complex way the issues regarding R&D and innovation. This paper contributes not only to a better understanding of the Romanian entrepreneurs that innovate and carry out research and development activities, but also to the elaboration of specific proposals regarding the design and substance of the public projects that aim to support R&D an innovation activities. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 305-305 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=043&rid=4279 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504279 Classification-JEL: L26, O31, O32 Keywords: R&D, Innovation, Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Knowledge-based economy, Romania Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504279 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jinhoa Lee Author-Name-First: Jinhoa Author-Name-Last: Lee Author-Email: jinhoa10040@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Title: The Relationships between Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions, Energy Consumption and GDP for Saudi Arabia Abstract: The relationships between environmental quality, energy use and economic output have created growing attention over the past decades among researchers and policy makers. Focusing on the empirical aspects of the role of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and energy use in affecting the economic output, this paper is an effort to fulfill the gap in a comprehensive case study at a country level using modern econometric techniques. To achieve the goal, this country-specific study examines the short-run and long-run relationships among energy consumption (using disaggregated energy sources: petroleum products and the direct combustion of crude oil, natural gas, and electricity), CO2 emissions and gross domestic product (GDP) for Saudi Arabia using time series analysis from the year 1980-2010. To investigate the relationships between the variables, this paper employs the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and the Phillips?Perron (PP) unit root tests for stationarity, Johansen maximum likelihood method for cointegration and a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for both short- and long-run causality among the research variables for the sample. All the independent variables in this study show very strong significant effects on the GDP in the country for the long term. The long-run equilibrium in the VECM suggests negative long-run causalities from the CO2 emissions and the consumption of petroleum products and the direct combustion of crude oil to the GDP. Conversely, positive impacts of the natural gas use and the electricity consumption on the GDP found to be significant in Iraq during the period. In the short run, there also exists a negative unidirectional causality running from the GDP to the electricity consumption. The results partly support and also partly deny the conventional arguments that there is a short-run positive effect from environmental quality and energy use on economic output but they eventually reduce economic output in the long run. Overall, this study found that the associations could to be differed by the sources of energy in the case of Saudi Arabia over of period 1980-2010. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 306-306 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=044&rid=4257 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504257 Classification-JEL: Keywords: CO2 emissions, energy consumption, GDP, Saudi Arabia, time series analysis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chang Min Lee Author-Name-First: Chang Min Author-Name-Last: Lee Author-Email: econochang@hanmail.net Author-Workplace-Name: seoul national universtiy Author-Name: Hahn Shik LEE Author-Name-First: Hahn Shik Author-Name-Last: LEE Author-Email: hahnlee@sogang.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Sogang University Title: Improving the Predictive Power of Spreads for Economic Activity: Decomposition Methods Abstract: In this paper, we examine whether and to what extent the predictive power of credit and/or term spreads for real economic activity can be enhanced by using additional information via decomposition. In doing so, we first apply the wavelet analysis to present evidence that the business-cycle component of the credit spread can better predict the probability of a recession than the usual time-domain analysis. In particular, we investigate the predictive power of the credit spread, given the recent empirical findings that it has a useful explanatory power for future economic fluctuations. We suggest that the wavelet decomposition can enhance the predictive power of the credit spread compared to the usual regression model. We also consider a decomposition of the term spread into the expectations effect and the term premium, based on the liquidity premium theory, and discuss evidence that the decomposition might lead to a better prediction for business-cycle fluctuations than the usual term spread. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 307-307 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=045&rid=3528 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503528 Classification-JEL: E32, E43, C25 Keywords: Credit Spread, Business Cycle, Wavelet Decomposition, Liquidity premium theory Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503528 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hyojeong Lim Author-Name-First: Hyojeong Author-Name-Last: Lim Author-Email: hjlim@kiip.re.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Intellectual Property Title: Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on Macroeconomic Growth : A Panel Data Study in Korea Abstract: Based on the assumption that intellectual property rights are a driver of economic development, this paper aims to estimate the production elasticity of intellectual property stocks in Korea. The unbalanced panel data during 2005-2012 is constructed with 29 manufacturing and service industries and applied to a Cobb-Douglas production function. Empirical results confirm that the stock of patents, the stock of trademarks, and the stock of design rights significantly contribute to Korean economic growth in the 2000s, respectively. Whereas the production elasticity of intellectual property stocks differs in the characteristics of patents, trademarks and design rights, the results show that increases in trademark stocks are the most influential factor in economic growth. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 308-316 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=046&rid=3617 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503617 Classification-JEL: O00, O30 Keywords: Production Elasticity, Intellectual Property Stock, Cobb-Douglas Production Function, Panel Data Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503617 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: livingstone Makondo Author-Name-First: livingstone Author-Name-Last: Makondo Author-Email: livingstonem@dut.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Durban university of technology Title: Changing university teaching facilitation styles Abstract: Higher education in South Africa is always changing since 1994. This is in line with the transformation agenda spelt out by the new government to, among other things, remedy the shortcomings of the apartheid system. This means, higher education lecturers need to be assisted to design transformation - oriented curriculum. In addition due to the ever - changing students demographics, the lecturers should be able to facilitate teaching and learning in ways beneficial to all students. This is key to ensure the universities enhance their student success rates. Against this background, I discuss my role as an academic development practitioner appointed to assist lecturers on designing their curriculum and teaching activities. I argue that much is expected from my office to ensure that the majority of lecturers without educational and curriculum design training are brought to speed with these key skills. In addition, the majority of these lecturers are doing postgraduate studies and are trying to be active in scholarship of teaching, learning and research. I argue that much need to be done by university structures namely deans, Senate, academic development and quality assurance offices to encourage and support lecturers in this venture. I use data drawn from my work experience as academic developer at three South African universities. Through much efforts towards collaboration, the nurturing of a university culture that supports academic excellence, collegial support and participation in staff development activities, lecturers in South African universities can benefit much. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 317-317 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=047&rid=3313 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503313 Classification-JEL: I23 Keywords: Staff development, lecturers, Curriculum, teaching Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gilad Malach Author-Name-First: Gilad Author-Name-Last: Malach Author-Email: giladma@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bar-Ilan University Title: Status Quo in Crisis: Public Policy regarding Israel's Ultra-Orthodox Population in Israel Abstract: Virtually all democracies around the world deal with national, religious and social rifts. This lecture deals with policy-making surrounding such rifts. My case study will be the policy that was shaped for Israel's Ultra-Orthodox population. Arend Lijphart established the consociationalism model, arguing that political elites succeed in handling social rifts in four different ways: mutual veto, autonomy, wide coalition and proportional allocation of resources (Jarstad, 2001; Lijphart, 1969; 1977; O?Leary & McGarry, 2004). Lijphart's critics argue that the power of consociationalism is restricted to routine situations (Deschouwer, 1994; Hanf, 1993; Horovitz, 2008). The critique demonstrates the need to adapt Lijphart's classical consociationalism model to changing realities.The rapid growth of the Ultra-Orthodox society in Israel challenged the status quo in various matters such as the Ultra-Orthodox exemption from military service. The lecture deals with two different policy strategies: (1) The Incremental Change attitude mainly used by bureaucrats (2) The Great Reform option, commonly preferred by politicians. The case studies about policies regarding the Ultra-Orthodox in Israel allow us to construct a new model of consociationalism. When consociationalism reaches a crisis, the political elites tend to deepen the divide between the groups, leading to an impasse. Conversely, non-political elites serve as moderating forces that have the power to generate new norms and bypass the old status quo.?New consociationalism? is dynamic and aims to generate change that will yield renewed stability while seeking maximum agreement between the fragmented parties. The new model is universal, and the paths proposed in the model are derived from present-day society and politics. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 318-318 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=048&rid=4258 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504258 Classification-JEL: L38, D74, D73 Keywords: public policy, social rifts, minorities, status quo, reform, politics Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Faith Euphrasia Mavengere Author-Name-First: Faith Euphrasia Author-Name-Last: Mavengere Author-Email: faeumave@student.jyu.fi Author-Workplace-Name: University of Jyväskylä Title: Green Economy Implications on National Energy Governance: The case of Laos and Cambodia. PhD Research proposal Abstract: The concept of a green economy, which was developed in the field of environmental economics, has in the past two years entered mainstream policy discourse and been broadened from the industrialized countries to envelop the developing and also the least developed countries. Green economy is perceived as a concept replacing sustainable development as the new driving force of environmental action. However, different green economy approaches have been discussed and researched mainly in the context of industrialized countries. Thus, there is a clear need to bridge this gap by founding research on the green economy?s implications in developing countries hence the purpose of this PhD research is to analyze green growth in relation to energy governance in Cambodia and Laos. The following key research questions are raised: What are the governance processes that influence whether the efforts will be guided towards large-scale solutions, such as large scale hydropower or towards finding locally appropriate solutions for green economy transformations? What are the challenges and possibilities for transforming the energy sectors to be more inclusive? Qualitative research methods will be used to collect data in this research. Research materials and methods which will be used in this research include policy analysis assessing policy documents, development plans and strategies such as the green growth road map of Cambodia and the national renewable energy strategies for Cambodia and Laos. Additionally, in line with the scope of this research, thematic interviews will therefore be carried out with planners in different ministries and provincial authorities as well as among civil society actors to provide relevant information, opinions and thoughts on the topic. The findings of this research will add to the existing body of knowledge with insights for bridging society-science-policy gaps in energy governance planning and decision-making processes in Laos and Cambodia and other least developed countries where local capacity and resources are limited. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 319-319 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=049&rid=3531 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503531 Classification-JEL: Keywords: green economy, energy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503531 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: George McMillan Author-Name-First: George Author-Name-Last: McMillan Author-Email: mcmillang3@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Aegis Defense Services Title: AN OVERARCHING MODEL FOR THE MICRO AND MACRO PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract: This paper introduces the methodology to create a unified theory of the philosophical and social sciences in the behavioral-political-economic-demographic sequence. The two major ideological political-economic philosophies (Hume-Smith and Marx-Engels) are systematized into competing integrated three dimensional behavioral-political-economic models. The paper argues that Hume-Smith?s empathy-sympathy behavioral assumptions are a sufficient starting point to create the integrated causal model sought by Tooby and Cosmides. The author then shows that the prerequisite advances in psychology and demographic studies now exist to generate the universal economic theory sought by von Neumann-Morgenstern and the integrated behavioral-economic method of Gintis?a psychological (i.e., behavioral) socio-economic model. By updating Hume-Smith?s work with a modern understanding of psychology, as presented by Fromm and others, a new integrated societal model as postulated by Harsanyi can be created that intertwines the social and psychological sciences. The author argues that this fundamentally psychology-based model also can serve as a baseline equation for all social sciences as desired by Kant and Mach, as well as the ahistorical (psychological) philosophic model noted by Husserl, Heidegger, Tillich, and Strauss. The author concludes with a discussion of the necessary next steps to generating a detailed model that fuses these disciplines. Length: 39 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 320-358 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=050&rid=4062 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504062 Classification-JEL: P50, B12, B31 Keywords: Unified theory Model of the Micro and Macro Behavioral Sciences Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504062 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tolga Memika Author-Name-First: Tolga Author-Name-Last: Memika Author-Email: tolgamemika@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sakarya University Author-Name: Tülay Korkusuz Polat Author-Name-First: Tülay Author-Name-Last: Korkusuz Polat Author-Email: korkusuz@sakarya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Sakarya University Title: Lean Education System: A Case Study Abstract: The number of students in the institutions of secondary education approaches 5.5 million in the Turkish education system. Such a big system should be managed very well in order to educate successful students. In successful managements, successful results are obtained by taking proper steps. The key to good management is examination of the current state and determination of correct strategies in agreement with the objectives. This system aims not only at maximum quality but also to minimize the cost. In this way, it will also enhance customer satisfaction and its preferability. Previously used only in the manufacturing systems, lean philosophy is also available in the service sectors today. In this study, the current system at private high schools ? one of the most important parts of the education sector included in the service sector ? was examined; the processes of the high school were defined and analyzed; and the waste was determined. Lean thinking and lean tools were utilized to eliminate waste and to enhance quality and customer satisfaction. Length: 19 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 359-377 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=051&rid=4130 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504130 Classification-JEL: M29, L30, Z00 Keywords: Lean; Lean Management; Process; Process Management; Lean Education System Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Pedro Moreira Author-Name-First: Pedro Author-Name-Last: Moreira Author-Email: pmoreirasys@netscape.net Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Tourism Studies Title: The Perception of Economic Value Limits: A Study on the Ultimatum Game Decision Patterns Abstract: Research on dominant decision patterns within the field of economic psychology has revealed that some of the scientific expectations on human decision and behavior were not confirmed. The results of ultimatum decision games are recurrently used in the identification and description of dominant patterns in value related economic decisions. The study includes an initial review of the literature and the results of a sample of individual decision questionnaires based on the ultimatum game, with parallel questions directed to money proposals and time proposals. Initial conclusions indicate that, after an isolated analysis of the two formats (questions related to money proposals and questions related to time proposals), the results within the money format and within the time format revealed high and significant correlations. In contrast, the comparison between formats produced low and non-significant correlations, suggesting that the object of the proposals may influence the value perception and the response patterns. The study is relevant to pricing and revenue management in no-negotiation settings, as is the case of Internet or online website based e-business. Possible applications in the travel and tourism industry are airline e-tickets, and hotel, tours and events e-bookings. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 378-387 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=052&rid=3337 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503337 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Economic decision patterns, ultimatum game, pricing and revenue management, airline e-tickets, hotel e-reservations, website based e-business. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503337 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tshedi (MN) Naong Author-Name-First: Tshedi (MN) Author-Name-Last: Naong Author-Email: mnaong@cut.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Central University of Technology, Free State Title: Skills transfer development as a vital moderator towards self-rated performance ? a case-study of five South African companies Abstract: In this paper, we intend to determine the level of employee motivation and commitment, perception of organisational climate and individual performance, through the self-assessment technique within some South African companies. Self-assessment occurs when individuals evaluate their own performance, skills, and competencies. In this regard, the impact of training on the self-efficacy of randomly sampled employees of five companies in two South African provinces is reported on. A longitudinal study, with a pre- and post-quasi experimental research design, was adopted to achieve the goal of the study - using a self-assessment of performance measuring instrument based on Heneman?s (1974) original study and Lord?s (1995) modification of the instrument to collect data from the respondents. It is well established that self-efficacy enhances learning outcomes and performance. Regrettably, due to a huge skills shortage in South Africa, the country is deprived of its competitiveness and unable to meaningfully exploit worldwide opportunities been presented. It is concluded that managers need to appreciate and ensure that the effectiveness of skills transfer is a critical moderator that must address the underlying challenges of achieving bottom-line targets. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 388-388 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=053&rid=3204 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503204 Classification-JEL: Keywords: skills transfer, moderating effect, self-efficacy, lower-level employees, bottom-line Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marine Natsvaladze Author-Name-First: Marine Author-Name-Last: Natsvaladze Author-Email: marine.natsvaladze@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: Sustainable Agriculture Development Problems in the Context of Providing food security in Georgia Abstract: Due to the peculiarities of the natural resources of Georgia the main priority of the agriculture is the development of bio production. Production of bio products is alternative, modern system of agricultural products production, which has steadily increasing economic potential. Current research shows that the rapid increase in production of bio products could be a good alternative for agricultural development of Georgia, but the growth rate of bio production is quite low than expected. The present paper examines the situation of bio production in agricultural sector of Georgia. The main aim of the research was to evaluate the role of bio-production in sustainable development of agriculture of Georgia and to work out some recommendations for further development. According to our goal, these problems were:1.Evaluation of consumers interest and approach to bio-products;2.Evaluation of Georgian producer?s interest in bio-market;3.To identify the reasons of underdevelopment of bio-products market in Georgia.4.Improve implementation of sustainable agriculture policy.Our research showed that despite consumers readiness to purchase bio-products, the segment of the Georgian market is developing more slowly than in other countries. The research show that for producers the most influential are the economic factors and the least influential are the social factors.The agricultural politics of Government played a significant role in development of the market. The most important directions include: Promotion of Georgian bio-products, supporting the bio sector of agriculture and developing the local and export bio markets.The systematic approach to the problems will help to develop the bio-farms:Qualification: The farmers need to have enough knowledge about the bio-farming, bio-products and the perspectives of the bio-production, also how to transfer from the traditional to the bio farming.Support: The farmers could transfer from traditional to the bio farming easily with financial and informational support.Certification: Bio producer should have the guarantees that after all required procedures they would not have any problems with certification.Sales: The farmer needs a serious support in organizing the problems of export and entering the international markets, they could not do it alone.Bio-production - quality oriented, sustainable, and rapidly growing and perspective production could become the main priority for Georgian agriculture. In this regard, bio-products may be considered as a direction of developing sustainable agriculture. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 389-403 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=054&rid=3820 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503820 Classification-JEL: O13 Keywords: bio production, sustainable development, agriculture, agriculture policy, bio products market Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503820 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ana-Maria NICA Author-Name-First: Ana-Maria Author-Name-Last: NICA Author-Email: ana.nica@com.ase.ro Author-Workplace-Name: Bucharest University of Economic Studies Title: RAISING TOURISM COMPETITIVENESS - ARE CLUSTERS THE SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION? Abstract: Competitiveness has been the main focus of the recents decades, in both developed and developing economies. A special interest has been given to the issue of raising competitiveness, as a way to achieve sustainable development. The domains of interest for this concern are varied, from IT to Agriculture, Finance or Arts. Tourism is not by far the exeption, as many countries either rely mainly on tourism activities in their economies or have discovered that this sector of the economy is one of the best ways to choose in order to grow and exit the dangerous area of the financial crisis. There are however issues to consider regarding the tourism competitiveness and those have economic, social and environmental grounds. Companies have struggled to go the extra mile in order to grow and become more competitive. However companies - big, medium or small ? face great dillemas when considering the ongoing pressure of the competitive tourism market, the specific requirements of tourists and the global trend for more sustainability. The research gap this article adresses relates to how companies can focus on and eventually achieve balancing these aspects. Is tourism competitiveness easier to achieve when counting on collaboration networks? Are tourism clusters a solution for the oftenly encountered problem of balancing sustainability with local communities welfare, environmental duty and economic benefits? The implications of the research provide suggestions for future improvements in the field of developing tourism clusters in Romania. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 404-413 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=055&rid=3894 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503894 Classification-JEL: L83, Q56 Keywords: competitiveness, tourism competitiveness, sustainable development, tourism clusters Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503894 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Emre Osman Olkun Author-Name-First: Emre Osman Author-Name-Last: Olkun Author-Email: emreolkun@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Journalism Department Author-Name: Abdulkadir Gölcü Author-Name-First: Abdulkadir Author-Name-Last: Gölcü Author-Email: abdulkadir.golcu@usak.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Usak University Communication Faculty Title: How do we draw the picture of violence? The Perception of serial film \ Abstract: Television shown as one of the most important invents of 21th century has become an indispensable vehicle of daily life and it has also become one of the most interesting topics for scholars studying about communication sciences. Many studies being conducted so far has proved that television is so effective on people and especially children are directly affected by messages from television according to the findings of some international surveys. In this study, it is tried to determine how children perceive "Kurtlar Vadisi Pusu" having a political and mafia content and how children are affected by this serial. In this context, 50 students among 7-10 ages from a primary school in Konya were asked whether they watch "Kurtlar Vadisi Pusu" or not. 47 students declaring that we watch the serial were again asked what cross to their minds when they hear "Kurtlar Vadisi Pusu" the name of the serial and they were demanded to paint ideas in their minds. After the analysis of paintings by using perception analysis, it was seen that so many students gave place to guns, knives, blood and some other figures including violence in their paintings. Beside this, it was founded that almost all of the paintings were also designed on a conceptual thematic basis which includes fight, clash and murder. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 414-431 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=056&rid=3606 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503606 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Television, Violence, Perception, Child, Television Serial Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503606 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: CEREN ORAL Author-Name-First: CEREN Author-Name-Last: ORAL Author-Email: ceren.uzar@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: MU?LA SITKI KOÇMAN UNIVERSITY, FETH?YE FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE Author-Name: G. CENK AKKAYA Author-Name-First: G. CENK Author-Name-Last: AKKAYA Author-Email: cenk.akkaya@deu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Title: PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF BANKS BY USING CLUSTERING METHOD: AN APPLICATION ON TURKISH BANKING SECTOR Abstract: Clustering analysis is currently one of the most popular and advanced mathematical grouping methods both in finance and other existing sciences. The purpose of cluster analysis is to determine the units similar to each other in terms of their characteristics studied, and to define their clustering structures. The banking sector is the most important partner of organizations and countries against developing world economy and fluctuations in global competitive environment. The importance of profitability is clear for banks so in this study we want to cluster banks in Istanbul Stock Exchange based on profitability. There are three public banks, eleven private banks and twelve foreign banks in Turkey. This study aims to cluster 26 banks, listed in the Istanbul Stock Exchange by using profitability ratios. Four profitability ratios employed in the clustering were obtained through the end of the financial statements of the banks. The financial statements are taken from the internet sites of the Banks Association of Turkey. The average of the values of the profitability ratios belonging to the years 2003-2013 were used as the data of the analysis. As a result of the k-cluster analysis, the first, second and third clusters consist of 11, 2, 11 banks respectively. We have found the most similar banks and the less similar banks in our data set and also it is concluded that banks have formed a homegenous structure with the banks except existing groups (public, private and foreign). Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 432-439 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=057&rid=3730 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503730 Classification-JEL: G00 Keywords: banks, profitability, clustering analysis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503730 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SOBIA Quayyoum Author-Name-First: SOBIA Author-Name-Last: Quayyoum Author-Email: sobia_qayum@ymail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: Szabó, Zoltán Author-Name-First: Szabó, Author-Name-Last: Zoltán Author-Email: szabo@informatika.uni-corvinus.hu Author-Workplace-Name: Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary Title: Leverage as a determinant of return on equity whether firm size moderate Leverage ?return on equity relationship. Abstract: The aimed of this study is to determine the impact of leverage on return on equity and to analyze whether the firm size affects as moderator in return on equity and leverage relationship. Theories have different views between debt and equity return relationship. Some advocate that the capital structure is irrelevant and some have opposite view as the leverage increase it not only increase the value of firm but also the wealth of equity holders. As when the sizes of firm increase it affect the capital structure of a firm. The regression equations were used to analysis the leverage equity relationship in Pakistan cement industry. The dependent variable was the return on equity and independent variable was leverage. Firm size used as a moderator in this study. The significant negative relationship was found in return on equity and leverage. Significant relationship was also found during the years of 2006, 2007 and 2008. The insignificant relationship was found in the period of 2009-10. Firm size used as a moderator which gives a highly significant result. It also check at three level of mean difference value of increase and decrease and found when the size increase relationship between return on equity and leverage also increase significantly. On the basis of analysis it was concluded as the firm size increase it increase the positive significant relationship between return on equity and leverage. The major contribution of this study is the introduction of the concept of moderation in identifying the relationship between leverage and determinants of capital structure. Therefore, the findings of this study will provide a novelty and useful insights about the structure and favorable composition of capital structure decisions to the finance managers. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 440-453 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=058&rid=3654 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503654 Classification-JEL: G32 Keywords: Key Words: Return on equity, Leverage, Firm Size, Moderator, Capital structure. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503654 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MARIUS RADU Author-Name-First: MARIUS Author-Name-Last: RADU Author-Email: radu_marius_florin@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Babes-Bolyai University Title: Impact of Human Asset Value on Business Financial Results on Software Business in Romania Abstract: The relative low salaries of the IT employees compared to the Western countries, the employees skills and the location of the country have supported outsourcing become one of the most competitive Romanian sectors. The IT sector in Romania maintains a steady growth sustained by outsourcing companies. The Romanian IT software development sector is highly competitive when we take into account the level of technical proficiency of the IT employees in the country and the financial performance of the companies. The article presents the structure of the industry and competition between actors based on the multivariate analysis of the data from 301 Romanian IT companies. An outliers mining research approach is used to discover the data records for companies which have an exceptional behavior comparing with other records of the companies in the remaining dataset. Further on are presented the results from a regression analysis applied to understand the influence of human capital force on financial performance of the IT software companies in Romania.In general the human capital dimension does improve the companies financial performance and creates value, but on the other side there are outlying performers - IT companies with a peculiar financial performance for which human capital is not the main business driver. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 454-468 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=059&rid=4261 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504261 Classification-JEL: J21, C38, D24 Keywords: software business, outsourcing, outliers analysis, industry competition Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Guy Robinson Author-Name-First: Guy Author-Name-Last: Robinson Author-Email: guy.robinson@unisa.edu.au Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Australia Title: Adapting to Climate Change: Farmers? Responses to Heat and Drought in South Australia Abstract: This paper focuses on one of the key challenges facing farming communities around the world, namely how to adapt to changes in climate that can threaten farming livelihoods. The paper draws upon two detailed studies in South Australia where farmers have long been accustomed to dealing with issues of water shortage and very high temperatures. However, recent modelling predicts increased severity of drought and more incidences of extreme heat in some of the prime farming districts in the state. Farmers are already commenting on seasonal changes to water availability and to variations in the timing and duration of very hot weather. The two studies have examined ways in which farmers are reacting to these changes in weather and climate, firstly using in-depth interviews with a small sample to look specifically at their attitudes towards spells of excessive heat, and second, focusing on adaptations being made in their farming systems. The latter study involved semi-structured interviews with formal institutions, e.g. government agencies, and communities of practice, e.g. farm systems groups, within two major regions in South Australia. Members from both groups interviewed in the second study noted that farmers autonomously adapt to a variety of risks, including those induced by climate variability; however, the types and levels of adaptation varied among individuals as a result of different barriers to adaptation. The lack of communication and engagement processes established between formal institutions and communities of practice was one such barrier. The paper presents and discusses a model for transferring knowledge and information on climate change among formal institutions, communities of practice, trusted individual advisers and rural landholders, and for supporting the co-management of climate change across multiple groups in agricultural areas in South Australia and elsewhere. The prevalence of particular views held by farmers about heat and drought need to be addressed by policy makers if specific types of adaptation are being promoted. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 469-469 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=060&rid=3317 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503317 Classification-JEL: Q54, Q56, Q15 Keywords: climate change, farmers, formal institutions, communities of practice Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503317 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Rodrigues Author-Name-First: Ana Author-Name-Last: Rodrigues Author-Email: anarodri@utad.pt Author-Workplace-Name: University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro Author-Name: Patrícia António Author-Name-First: Patrícia Author-Name-Last: António Author-Email: pantonio@utad.pt Author-Workplace-Name: University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro Author-Name: Ana Cantante Author-Name-First: Ana Author-Name-Last: Cantante Author-Email: acordeiro@utad.pt Author-Workplace-Name: University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro Author-Name: Alberto Baptista Author-Name-First: Alberto Author-Name-Last: Baptista Author-Email: abaptist@utad.pt Author-Workplace-Name: University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro Title: Qualification and quality in the third sector: Experiences in two Portuguese regions Abstract: In most industrialized countries the 3rd sector has shown a significant growth, both in the number of organisations, and in the number and diversity of its intervention areas, which has allowed a greater visibility of the activities and services that it provides. In Portugal, there is a lack of national data on the way the organisations of this sector operate due to its heterogeneity in terms of juridical forms and organisational structures. The reality of the Portuguese third sector is characterized by a diversity of organisational models. There is a set of problems linked to the management and internal functioning of the organisations that form the third sector, which reduces the efficiency and the provision of quality services. The weaknesses of the sector may be tackled with a qualification support programme that promotes the development of skills in the third sector organisations, improving their performance quality and contributing to its sustainability.The Project ?Qualifying the 3rd sector? (Q3) is an intervention methodology for organizations in this sector, which seeks to develop individual skills, improving the quality of its provision and management effectiveness through participated and supported consulting and training processes. This project acts in the North, Centre, Alentejo and Algarve regions, involving 96 entities in the 3rd sector.The aim of this study is to present the results of the project assessment in the intervened institutions in two regions of Portugal (North and Alentejo). A mixed approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with regional consultants teams (two project coordinators and 13 consultants), and a questionnaire survey was applied to board members and technical staff of the 47 intervened organizations in the two regions. The results are varied in relation to the parameters in evaluation. The intervened institutions recognize the unquestionable contribution of this programme to the qualification of their human capital. The programme left relevant prints in the intervened organisations such as, the provision of management support tools, the rethinking of attitudes and behaviours, a greater accountability and an increase of knowledge as well as a higher efficiency and efficacy in the provision of services thus increasing their quality. Some reflections, although not intended to be generalized to all organizations in the sector, may be useful for a better understanding of their functioning and to establish itself as a tool to support a more professional and thus a more competitive management, are identified. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 470-471 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=061&rid=4163 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504163 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Qualification; Quality; Management; Third sector Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ferit Salim Sanl? Author-Name-First: Ferit Salim Author-Name-Last: Sanl? Author-Email: feritsalimsanli@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Title: IMPRESS?ONS OF FASC?ST ITALIA BY THE TURK?SH EL?TES DUR?NG 1930?S Abstract: The 1930?s had witnessed the waves of fascism all around the world, especially in Europe. Turkish administrational formation in 1930?s was similar with the administration formats emerged in south eastern Europe; including in Salazar,Portugal,in Franco,Spain, and Metax,Greece. Although there were important differences between the case of Turkey and the fascists examples in Europe; a fascist example in Italy, was so significant for the Turkish ruling elits with no doubt. For instances,some of the laws enacted at 1930?s were the copies of Italian laws. Milli Iktisat ve Tasarruf Cemiyeti? which accompanied as an association and resembled Mussollini?s ?corporiazione was established just after the Great Depressions. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 472-472 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=062&rid=4106 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504106 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Turkey,Italia,fascism Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Andreea Fortuna Schiopu Author-Name-First: Andreea Fortuna Author-Name-Last: Schiopu Author-Email: andreeaschiopu@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bucharest University of Economic Studies Title: Use of Emotional Labor in Day-to-Day Interactions with Managers and Colleagues Abstract: The emotional work has begun to be increasingly studied given some important organizational and personal outcomes such as lower job satisfaction, burnout or emotional exhaustion. In the literature, the construct is connected mainly with client interaction and rarely with leadership or group collaboration. This paper aims to fill this gap by studying the degree to which emotional work is done toward managers and colleagues. The conclusions are based on a survey conducted among employees from different enterprises regarding their experience with managing emotions in the workplace. First, they weighed the extent to which they used emotional work in relation to managers and colleagues, rating some items from the Emotional Labor Scale (ELS) developed by Brotheridge and Lee (2003). The statements were adapted to describe the regulatory processes of surface and deep acting employed by workers in front of their manager and colleagues. The respondents also evaluated themselves on some characteristics such as optimism, self-esteem, charisma, spontaneity, energy, enthusiasm, extraversion. The results of the survey suggest that Romanian employees don?t rely too much on surface and deep acting. In general, they show their true emotions to managers and colleagues. The degree to which the employees use the emotional work in relation to managers and colleagues proved to be correlated with some personal characteristics such as optimism, enthusiasm, trustworthiness, self-esteem, spontaneity and age. The manifestation of true emotions in front of colleagues is positively associated with extraversion and negatively associated with age. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 473-481 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=063&rid=3895 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503895 Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: Emotional Labor, Surface and Deep Acting, Genuine Emotions, Interactions with Managers and Colleagues Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503895 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmet ??R?NKAN Author-Name-First: Ahmet Author-Name-Last: ??R?NKAN Author-Email: asirinkan@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: , Atatürk University, Collega of Physical Education and sport, Recreation Department, Title: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF TEACHER-MADE MATERIALS USED IN SKILL TEACHING IN SPORT LESSON ON STUDENTS? MOTIVATION ( Erzurum/Turkey Sample) Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to search the effect of teacher-made materials used in skill lesson on students? participation to lesson.Material and Method: 155 students studying Physical Education and Sport College took part in research.All the students are receiving education in 3rd Grade Coaching and Recreation Department.These consist of 45 female, 110 male students. In research, students were studied in 2 groups as experimental group ( 80 students, 25 female, 55 male) and control group ( 20 female, 55 male). While teacher-made materials were used in lessons of experimental group, classic course materials wre used in lessons of control group. In research, specially prepared observation and interview form was used. The observation and interview form was prepared in accordance with views of Pedagogy and Physical Education and Sport College Faculty. The observations were done by 2 volunteer research assistants in application of lessons. Interviews were done with students in sports hall after lesson.Analysis: The data acquired from research were put into tables by being analyzed in SPSS. 1700 statistics program. Also, frequency and percentage distribution of the subjects were found.Findings and Results: At the end of the research, experimental group?s participation to lesson and satisfaction in application were found significantly ( p>0.05) different from control group?s participation to lesson and motivation. While it has been determined that the students of experimental group enjoyed so much in lesson, came to lesson eagerly, their absenteeism was at minimum level, it has been come to a conclusion that control group followed the lesson compulsorily, lesson absenteeism was used at maximum level and the lessons were boring. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 482-489 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=064&rid=3202 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503202 Classification-JEL: A20, A22 Keywords: Educat?on, Sport, Skill, Teacher-made, Material. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ADNAN SÖYLEMEZ Author-Name-First: ADNAN Author-Name-Last: SÖYLEMEZ Author-Email: soylemez@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UNIVERSITY Title: A COMPARISON FOR ASSESSING ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY ABILITY AT MUNICIPALITIES IN TURKEY (ISTANBUL AND ANKARA METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITIES EXAMPLES) Abstract: The municipalities have history more than 150 years within administrative structures; Metropolitan Municipalities Law has been introduced as to be applied in Ankara and Istanbul for the first time in 1984 based to regulation clause 3, article 127 Constitution ?Special location units can be organized for big location centers?. 1984 year, number 3030 ?Metropolitan Municipalities Law? has been implemented until 2004 and then it has been changed with 2004 year number 5216. After eight years application, number 6360 new ?Metropolitan Municipalities Law? has been accepted in 2012 so number 5216 code has been repealed therefore existence of totally 30 Metropolitan municipalities in our country borders have been officially accepted. Population density and surface area, efficient public service, democratic attendance level, providing developed optimal enormity in mean of high and culture in municipalities are being aimed in new law.Strategic plan is a guide showing future plans of an organization and how to apply those plans; priorities, processes, policies and strategies that organization will need upon developed vision are decided. Preparing strategic plan of metropolitan municipality is included in duties of metropolitan municipality subject to Metropolitan Municipalities Law. Also, issuing Activity Reports by municipalities at the end of every year is obligatory in the frame of strategic plan. In this study, under chapters ?Assessing of Organizational ability and Capacity? included in Activity Reports Ankara and Istanbul Metropolitan Municipalities have been assessed through application a comparison. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 490-495 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=065&rid=3928 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503928 Classification-JEL: G38, M12 Keywords: Local Governments, institutional capacity, Strategic Plan, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Ankara Metropolitan Municipality Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503928 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Agnieszka Stanimir Author-Name-First: Agnieszka Author-Name-Last: Stanimir Author-Email: agnieszka.stanimir@ue.wroc.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Wroclaw University of Economics Title: Most important and useful skills in the labour market - Generation Y point of view Abstract: Generation Y is a group of people born in the 80s and 90s of the twentieth century. In each country, determination of the age of persons belonging to this population may differ by several years. The perception of work, loyalty, sense of duty and working conditions among people of Gen Y is completely different than older people participating in the labour market. However, carefully consideration of any expectations of working conditions, which notify people of this generation, may provide to better management of young generation. It is very important due to the fact that people of Gen Y are living in a constant quest to find the balance between life and work style. In 2010, Gen Y population accounted for 13% of the world's population, 9% of the UE28 countries population and 12% of the population in Poland.The aim of the study is to determine the most important skills in labour market for young Poles and citizens of EU28. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 496-502 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=066&rid=4031 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504031 Classification-JEL: A13, C00, J24 Keywords: Generation Y, skills, labour market Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504031 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Flavia Stoian Author-Name-First: Flavia Author-Name-Last: Stoian Author-Email: flavia.stoian@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania Author-Name: Geanina Gabriela Tudose Author-Name-First: Geanina Gabriela Author-Name-Last: Tudose Author-Email: geanina1c@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: ?Constantin Brancoveanu? University of Pitesti, Romania Author-Name: Grazia-Oana Petroianu Author-Name-First: Grazia-Oana Author-Name-Last: Petroianu Author-Email: oana_petroianu@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania Author-Name: DANIELA NICOLETA MEDINTU Author-Name-First: DANIELA NICOLETA Author-Name-Last: MEDINTU Author-Email: danielamedintu@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania Title: Going Concern Research Assessment for Quoted Romanian Agricultural Companies Abstract: In a world without frontiers, the need for financial information is becoming greater and greater, being considered the main control instrument in economic activities.The transparency of financial information cannot be achieved without accountancy and audit contribution, main factors in identifying the observance of going ? concern assumption.Moreover the financial crisis may determine the risk increase which affects the proper development of business, in general and of agricultural activities, in particular. This increase in risk may be interpreted as a greater uncertainty as regards the agricultural companies capacity to continue their activity. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the logical connection between the observance of going concern principle in agricultural activities with the decrease of bankruptcy risk. The necessity to predict the bankruptcy risk is relevant not only for governance and company management but also for all other participants in the social act which interferes with the company. Therefore, the continuation of activity can be assessed by different methods applied to annual financial situations. The analysis is achieved both by using accounting methods and also by financial statistic methods. The present day economic life makes the audit resort to these methods of scientific and statistical analysis, directing the audit to another method ? the metric audit. The scientific ? technical basis of this paper is given by the research regarding the necessity of going concern ? an element of risk management.In order to make this research there have been used information and specialety reference materials. In order to attain the proposal objective there has been used a methodology of fundamental research as regards risk character. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 503-519 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=067&rid=4109 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504109 Classification-JEL: M41, M42, M49 Keywords: going concern, bankruptcy risk, governance, financial statistic methods, scoring-function, metric audit Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Taleghani Author-Name-First: Mohammad Author-Name-Last: Taleghani Author-Email: M.Taleghani454@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Industrial Management, College of Management & Accounting, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University Title: Factors affecting the electronic exchange of data through viral marketing (Case Study: E-Commerce Users in Rasht City-Northern of Iran) Abstract: The purpose of this study is the factors affecting the electronic exchange through viral marketing. Methods According to the research objectives is applied researches and the method of collecting data is field and according to the survey research is conducted. The sample comprised Rasht e-commerce users. The sample size of 384 was calculated by using simple random sampling. The instrument used to collect the required data, is questionnaire that its validity and reliability was calculated by validity method of content and determined reliability by Cronbach's alpha and were distributed after modifying questions and multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses of this study, and collected data was analyzed by SPSS software. According to the research main question that factors such as capturing images, targeting resources, combining technology, ease of use of the product, needs to be part of a group, need to be different and altruism can be effective in use viral marketing, all hypotheses are confirmed. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 520-531 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=068&rid=4126 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504126 Classification-JEL: M31, M00, M30 Keywords: Viral Marketing, Electronic exchange, E-Commerce, Users of e-commerce. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Okan Ta?ar Author-Name-First: Mehmet Okan Author-Name-Last: Ta?ar Author-Email: otasar@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Author-Name: Sava? Çevik Author-Name-First: Sava? Author-Name-Last: Çevik Author-Email: scevik@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Title: Cultural Determinants of Corruption and Bribery: A Cross-Country Comparison Abstract: Corruption and bribery are observed to be a common behavior not only in developing or transition economies also for all countries. Bribery is emerging as related to the societies? economic, political or cultural structures. Therefore, the factors that determine the behavior of bribery are also emerging as a versatile and multi-dimensional. However, even if bribery and corruption cases arise from various factors, the economic consequences of both actions impose significant costs and undermine the society?s cultural structure.In this paper, generally the corruption and especially the bribery process are analyzed by the factors determining this process. The study examines the linkages between the bribery behavior and the society?s cultural institutions and structures. Thus, it aims at revealing the cultural determinants of corruption and bribery behavior. For this purpose, the study firstly makes cross-country comparisons through the corruption perception index the data from Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) and World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators. Then, it is considered correlations and associations between the corruptions scores of the countries the countries? cultural values and structures through data which is obtained from the World Value Survey (WVS) and the European Value Survey (EVS). WVS and EVS have large sets of variables to develop indexes for cultural classifications at its various dimensions. Thus, it can be analyzed the corruption scores of countries together predictors on cultural characteristics which is obtained from WVS/EVS at aggregated level, and on other macro level economic factors through cross-section regressions.The study also seeks to determine the predictors of bribery behavior at micro level using Turkey data of WVS. The WVS contains a question on how much the individuals tolerate the bribery. In this section, the study uses the bribery acceptance of individuals as a dependent variable, and estimates the effect of determinants as individual values, attitudes and demographic variables. Length: 20 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 532-551 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=069&rid=4043 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504043 Classification-JEL: D73, A13, Z10 Keywords: Bribery, Corruption, Cultural determinants, World Value Survey, Corruption Perceptions Index, Developing Countries. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504043 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marcello Tonelli Author-Name-First: Marcello Author-Name-Last: Tonelli Author-Email: m.tonelli@qut.edu.au Author-Workplace-Name: Australian Centre of Entrepreneurship Research (ACE) - Business School, Queenslands University of Technology Author-Name: Nicolò Cristoni Author-Name-First: Nicolò Author-Name-Last: Cristoni Author-Email: n.cristoni@worldynamics.com Author-Workplace-Name: WorlDynamics Pty Ltd Title: Can GRI Light Up the Future of Mankind? Abstract: There is strong evidence across the media that humanity has finally come to recognize the certainty and imminence of a global environmental crisis due to man-triggered ecological alterations. This widespread recognition of what is happening around us has matured even further as studies acknowledging that everything on Earth is interconnected begin to mount across various branches of learning. The appreciation of this simple linear and two-dimensional relationship implies enormous consequences for economic and management studies, as alternative business models will eventually have to supersede the old practices that still govern major industry sectors (e.g. energy, cement, agriculture, automotive, pharmaceutical, etc.). This paper argues that traditional knowledge found in developing countries can sometimes harness the potential of sparking genuine alternatives to established business practices. With a focus on the most fundamental geochemical cycles on Earth ? nitrogen, water, and carbon ? and the primary resources they govern (soil, water, and air), three case studies are presented to illustrate how traditional knowledge in the context of GRI (Grassroots Innovation) projects can lead to challenge the dominant logic, when allowed to thrive in terms of adoption and scalability. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 552-568 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=070&rid=3903 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503903 Classification-JEL: Q01, Q51, Q54 Keywords: Developing countries, geochemical cycles, environmental changes, interconnectedness, traditional knowledge. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503903 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yulia Totskaya Author-Name-First: Yulia Author-Name-Last: Totskaya Author-Email: juliatotskaya@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Tomsk State University Title: Values and model roles of modern Russian youth in the context of post-industrial sociality Abstract: On the basis of the scientific literature post-industrial sociality key characteristics associated with the central role of an independent and purposeful person, the article reveals the degree of autonomy in the implementation of its own life strategy and focus on improving their "Knowledge" potential as well as the main tendencies of forming the system of life values of Russian students. Based on the comparative study it highlights the key differences in values and characteristics of young people of the last century and modern young people.The article is the theoretical and legal research of the social activity of youth in post-industrial society based on the example of Russian students. The method of this research is survey methodology. The tool of data collection was quantitative investigation (it was divided by 9 closed and 3 opened questions and 250 persons were chosen as population-based study). Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 569-569 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=071&rid=3960 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503960 Classification-JEL: J13, J17, D80 Keywords: Youth, Students, Values, Information society, Post-industrial sociality Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503960 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Akhilesh Trivedi Author-Name-First: Akhilesh Author-Name-Last: Trivedi Author-Email: akhileshtdi25@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Hospitality Industry, Dusit Thani College Title: Preparedness of SMEs towards AEC : A Case Study of Travel Agents in Bangkok Abstract: This paper is a survey research conducted with the main purpose of developing preparedness guidelines toward the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in travel agent businesses of Bangkok, Thailand.The primary data was collected from a sample of 30 travel agents, whom were selected by convenience sampling. In-depth interview and a structured questionnaire were used as the tools in collecting data. A qualitative approach, as well as descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage, was adopted when analyzing the data,.The content of the research covered business function (management and human resources, finance, marketing, and production) of travel agents in Bangkok. Besides, the perception and preparedness of travel agents towards AEC were also studied.The research results showed that most of the respondents had relative high perception towards the AEC that will be implemented toward the end of 2015. They realized that there are both positive and negative impacts of the AEC and, thus, have adopted several strategies in order to cope with the AEC. These strategies were to conduct research on demand of customers, to recruit highly qualified employees who have the ability of speaking multiple languages, to adjust the payment or welfare systems, to develop training programs concentrating on industry standards and language training, to develop new tourist programs, and to revise tour fees regularly. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 570-578 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=072&rid=3748 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503748 Classification-JEL: A12 Keywords: SMEs, AEC, Travel Agent Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503748 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Umit Turgut Author-Name-First: Umit Author-Name-Last: Turgut Author-Email: uturgut@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Alp Colak Author-Name-First: Alp Author-Name-Last: Colak Author-Email: alpcolak25@mynet.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Riza Salar Author-Name-First: Riza Author-Name-Last: Salar Author-Email: rizasalar@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Refik Dilber Author-Name-First: Refik Author-Name-Last: Dilber Author-Email: rdilber@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Title: HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS? VIEWS ABOUT 7E MODEL IN THE UNIT OF ELECTROMAGNETISM Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate high school students? views about teaching with 7E model in the unit of electromagnetism. This study carried out with 52 eleventh grade (15-16 years) in two classrooms of a public high school. This study was designed as an action research. The data for the study were collected means of individual interviews. In the study, 12 students were interviewed. Six of the interviews focused on the students? conceptual developments while the rest of the six interviews were about the process and teaching models. The interviewees were selected on the basis of their achievement levels such as high achievers, moderate achievers and low achievers. According to the interviews, it is identified that students have positive views about the application of 7E learning model. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 579-579 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=073&rid=3404 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503404 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: 7E learning model, physics education, electromagnetism Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503404 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ümit Süleyman ÜSTÜN (Assoc. Prof. Dr.) Author-Name-First: Ümit Süleyman Author-Name-Last: ÜSTÜN (Assoc. Prof. Dr.) Author-Email: sustun@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk Üniversitesi Author-Name: Faruk B?L?R Author-Name-First: Faruk Author-Name-Last: B?L?R Author-Email: farukbilir@otmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk Üniversitesi Title: THE LEGALITY PRINCIPLE OF TAXES IN THE CONSTITUTION OF REPUBLIC OF TURKEY Abstract: The legality principle of taxes is arranged in the 73rd article of Turkish Constitution: ?Taxes, dues, fees and similar charges shall be enacted, amended and repealed by the law?. By this provision, it has been stressed that the basic authority on taxation appertains to national assembly. The provision granting the authority about taxation to Council of Ministers is set at the 4th (the last) paragraph article 73 of Turkish Constitution: ?Council of Ministers may be empowered to make amendments within the lower and upper limits prescribed by the law on provisions of exemptions, exceptions, reductions and rates related to taxes, duties, fees and similar charges?.In this study, we try to explain the scope of the legality principle of taxes in Turkish Constitution. Also the authority about taxation given to the Cabinet is also examined in this presentation. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 580-589 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=074&rid=4035 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504035 Classification-JEL: K34 Keywords: Tax, legality principle of taxes, Turkish Constitution Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504035 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alper Uyumaz Author-Name-First: Alper Author-Name-Last: Uyumaz Author-Email: alperuyumaz@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University school of law Author-Name: Sinan Sami Akkurt Author-Name-First: Sinan Sami Author-Name-Last: Akkurt Author-Email: samiakkurt@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University school of law Title: AN OVERVIEW TO THE CIRCUMSTANCES CAUSING LEGAL LIABILITY SUSTAINED IN THE EVENT OF THE DAMAGES TO THE PASSENGER BAGGAGE DURING THE CARRIAGE BY AIR Abstract: The liability of the carriage by air sustained in the case of the damage of any baggage ( or luggage) has already been regulated in the article 12 of Turkish Civil Aviation Code (TSHK.), the article 18 of Warsaw Convention (War.C.) and in the subsection 2, 3, 4 of the article 17 of 1999 Montreal Convention (Mon.C.). TSHK.a.121/ s.1 that regulates the liability of the carrier in the event of domestic flight is as: ?The carrier is liable for damage sustained in case of the loss of, or of damage to checked baggage on condition that the loss or damage took place during the carriage by air.? The liability indicated here, in Warsaw Convention a.18/s.1, is as: ? The carrier will be liable for the damage sustained in case of destruction, or loss of, or of damage to checked baggage; however the event causing the destruction must take place during the carriage by air?, and the liability is adjudged, in Montreal Convention a.17/s.2, is as ? The carrier is liable for the damage sustained in the event of destruction, or loss, or damage of the checked baggage on condition that the event which caused the destruction, loss or damage took place on board the aircraft or during the period in which the checked baggage was in the charge of the carrier.? As understood from these regulations, the carrier is liable for the damage sustained during the period that the registered baggage is in the charge of the carrier, whether it is domestic or international flights. The conditions of the liability mentioned above will be examined in this study. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 590-603 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=075&rid=4089 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504089 Classification-JEL: K12, K33, K30 Keywords: Legal liability of carrier; baggage carring in aviation law; Turkish Civil Aviation Code Art.12; Montreal Convention Art.17; Warsaw Convention Art. 18 Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504089 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Zhengmao Ye Author-Name-First: Zhengmao Author-Name-Last: Ye Author-Email: zhengmao_ye@subr.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Southern University Author-Name: Habib Mohamadian Author-Name-First: Habib Author-Name-Last: Mohamadian Author-Email: Mohamadian_habib@subr.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Southern University Title: Remote Sensing Feature Detection and Geoinformation Retrieval Via Multiscale 2D Gabor Wavelet Transform Abstract: Remote sensing involves observation, acquisition and processing of information detected and measured from airborne or spaceborne platforms. The structural information of objects such as landmarks, highways, bridges, mountains, oceans, rivers, lakes, living creatures and moving targets could be represented by edges and contours based on the high-spatial resolution remote sensing images. The geographic information system (GIS) has been widely adopted to exhibit features, patterns, and trends on the surface of the earth. The data sources from aerial photos and satellite images are typically stored as raster images that contain composite tristimulus color values of red, green and blue (RGB). It allows people to visualize, analyze, process, interpret and archive data to synthesize the boundaries, interactions and relationships of the features, patterns, and trends. Remote sensing could be either passive or active. The passive sensing system identifies natural radiation via visible light imaging or infrared photography. The active sensing system emits its own energy to scan objects so that the reflected or backscattered radiation can be detected and measured, such as Radar or Lidar (Radio or Light Detection and Ranging). To achieve better data abstraction and management with respect to spatial 2D data analysis, integration of geovisualization and geocomputation can be introduced for dynamic data exploration so that the latent interactions could be discovered. Edges are critical features of structural information. Numerous approaches have been designed for detecting edges of high spatial resolution images using gradient based algorithms. However, most methods are sensitive to noises. The 2D Gabor filter is then presented to extract and differentiate the crucial structural information via parametric optimization, where Gabor wavelet transform will be employed for edge detection and contour tracing using convolution operation of each of three primary color components of digital images with the 2D Gabor wavelet in the frequency domain. It has been shown that multiscale Gabor wavelets are suitable for segmenting remote sensing images to explore intrinsic geographical information. Numerical simulations on diversified landscape aerial images have been carried out to show the impact of the proposed approach on spatial information analysis. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 604-614 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=076&rid=4019 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504019 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Remote Sensing, Wavelet Decomposition, Multiscale Gabor Transform, Edge Detection, Soft Thresholding Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504019 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Yilmaz Author-Name-First: Mehmet Author-Name-Last: Yilmaz Author-Email: mehmetyilmaz@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Rabia Yilmaz Author-Name-First: Rabia Author-Name-Last: Yilmaz Author-Email: rkufrevi@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Author-Name: Dilara Sahin Author-Name-First: Dilara Author-Name-Last: Sahin Author-Email: dilarafto19010@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education Title: Effects of Augmented Reality Technology in Science Education on Student?s Achievements Abstract: Augmented reality (AR) is defined as a technology that allows virtual information on real-world environment. AR has attracted attentions in education to interact with real and virtual objects. Providing and demonstrating 3D objects, AR in education makes learning effective. AR is effective for teaching events that are not possible to see with the eye, materializing abstract concepts, and presenting complex information. Because subject of ?Solar System and Space? in science education cannot possible to see with the eye, have abstract concepts and complex, AR is used in this study. The aim of the study is to determine the effects of AR technology on students? achievement. For this reason, quasi-experimental design is used. This design can be used for comparing two or more groups. In this study, total 100 elementary students in 7th grade, is divided into two groups. When 50 students in A and B class is chosen as the experimental group, 50 students in C and D class is selected as the control group. While AR is used in experimental group, it isn?t used in control group. As a data collection tool, academic performance test is used. The findings revealed that students used AR in the experimental group are more successful than control group. This result can be explained by AR potentials. It is though that AR attracts the attention of the students in experimental group and provides an effective learning environment. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 615-615 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=077&rid=3401 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2503401 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: Augmented Reality, Science education, Students? achievement Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2503401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ayoub yousefi Author-Name-First: Ayoub Author-Name-Last: yousefi Author-Email: ayousefi@uwo.ca Author-Workplace-Name: King's University College at Western University, Canada Title: The Impact of Cross-border E-commerce on International Trade Abstract: This study investigates whether the growing cross-border electronic commerce (CBEC) increases the volume of international trade or merely replaces the traditional mode of physical delivery. We carry out a comparative analysis of trade on Digitizable Products (DP) by developed and developing countries. The study suggests that developing countries have in the recent past penetrated into developed countries? markets and made up for the fall in their share of world Total trade as well as trade in DP. As a result, electronic delivery of digital products promises benefitting developing countries by gaining deeper access to international markets. This is, in part, due to massive Internet penetration and its continued subscription growth. In addition, digitization of information products is taking place at an ever increasing rate which makes it easier to preserve, access and distribute it through the Internet. Granger causality tests suggest that causality runs form export of Digitizable products to the export of Total products for the group of developing countries, China, Hong Kong and Singapore. The results are in line with our earlier descriptive assessment. This result provides foundation for empirical estimation of the impact of CBEC on the volume of international trade. The paper suggests that given its current magnitude, market efficiency, and growth trajectory, CBEC offers an ?additional? basis for explaining the flow of international trade, particularly out of developing countries. As a policy implication, we argue that in the transition period e-commerce creates specific challenges as well as new opportunities for businesses and economies around the world. To facilitate growth of CBEC, nations need to adopt new arrangements at the national and international levels. At the national level, governments should provide support and encourage competition and innovation. Governments should also cooperate at the international level though institutions such as WTO, UNCTAD, and EU to enhance security of the Internet and promote fair and transparent operations of e-commerce. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 16th International Academic Conference, Amsterdam, Jun 2015, pages 616-616 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/16th-international-academic-conference-amsterdam/table-of-content/detail?cid=25&iid=078&rid=4082 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2504082 Classification-JEL: F14, O30, O57 Keywords: E-Commerce, Cross-border-E-Commerce, International Trade, Granger Causality Test. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2504082