Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hesham Abdelghany Author-Name-First: Hesham Author-Name-Last: Abdelghany Author-Email: osama.magdy@alexu.edu.eg Author-Workplace-Name: alexandria university Title: The effect of accounting disclosure quality and information asymmetry on the stock market activity ? an applied study on listed companies in the Egyptian stock market Abstract: The research investigated the impact of accounting disclosure quality and information asymmetry on the Egyptian stock market activity. The research provided some insights for the efficiency of the Egyptian stock market and how accounting disclosures play an active role in certain circumstances leading to reducing the informational gap between investors and management and enhancing the responsiveness to information in terms of increase in stock prices, transactions volume and transactions value. Data has been collected for companies listed in the Egyptian stock market for the period from 2002 through 2014. Research sample comprised of 60 companies which results in 780 observations for the research. I found that there are significant association between both accounting disclosure quality and information asymmetry and the stock market activity. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 1-11 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=001&rid=4127 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704127 Classification-JEL: E44 Keywords: accounting disclosure quality Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Azreen Hamiza Abdul Aziz Author-Name-First: Azreen Hamiza Author-Name-Last: Abdul Aziz Author-Email: azreenhamiza@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia Title: ISLAMIC ASSET MANAGEMENT IN THE MALAYSIA BANKING INDUSTRY: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT Abstract: This paper aims to explore the preliminary understanding of Islamic asset management in the banking industry. To date, a uniform regulatory and legal framework supportive of Islamic asset management has yet to be developed. This paper explores and provides an understanding on the existing concept of Islamic asset management that has been used in the banking industry today. The discussion on this is divided into three parts that will answer the following three questions: Firstly, what is the meaning of Islamic asset management in the banking industry? Secondly, how do the banks manage all the assets? Thirdly, is the concept of Islamic asset truly based on 'Shari'ah' and guaranteed all the customers on the Islamicity of the products? In accomplishing these objectives, library research is mainly used to obtain the different types of theories and concepts on asset management applied to this paper with content analysis carried out from the findings. The findings of this paper reveal that Islamic asset management that has been used in the banking industry is still hold on to the conventional theory as the foundation. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 12-21 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=002&rid=3664 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703664 Classification-JEL: G20 Keywords: Islamic Asset Management, Banking Industry, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703664 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lívia Ablonczy-Mihalyka Author-Name-First: Lívia Author-Name-Last: Ablonczy-Mihalyka Author-Email: ablne@sze.hu Author-Workplace-Name: Széchenyi István University Title: CROSS-cultural communication breakdowns: case studies from the field of intercultural management Abstract: Today?s business environment has become highly complex, dynamic and globalised. In today?s global world an understanding of what happens when people from different cultures meet and work together is quite essential for managers and leaders.This paper employs a qualitative approach to case studies collected from Hungarian managers who are in business contact with people belonging to various cultures. Over the last decade, research in intercultural management topics has received increased attention in literature. After reviewing the previous studies regarding cross-cultural misunderstandings, the author presents case-studies focusing on intercultural interaction issues in workplaces in Hungary. The paper summarises the differences in (1) management style, (2) staff behaviour and (3) attitudes and values. The findings of this study prove that the barriers of communication come from the national culture?s influence in the workplace on the behaviours of people with different identities. Moreover, culture also influences people?s way of thinking and results in different understanding toward the vision and the purposes of enterprises. The findings show that the current challenges caused by the globalisation pressures in the realm of economics result in the need to review leaders? management practices. The findings also indicate that further research is needed to support work communities in order to successfully copel with increasing cultural diversity. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 22-32 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=003&rid=4402 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704402 Classification-JEL: F23, J24, D22 Keywords: international business setting, cultural diversity, intercultural misunderstanding, critical incidents Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704402 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Markéta Adamová Author-Name-First: Markéta Author-Name-Last: Adamová Author-Email: marketadamova@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in ?eské Bud?jovice, Faculty of Economics, Department of Management Author-Name: R??ena Krninská Author-Name-First: R??ena Author-Name-Last: Krninská Author-Email: krninska@ef.jcu.cz Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in ?eské Bud?jovice, Faculty of Economics, Department of Management Title: Knowledge economy determined by cultural dimensions Abstract: The forthcoming transformation of the materialistically based paradigm, which is growing into post-materialistic paradigm, is associated with new approaches to economy and management. Enterprises must deal with new problems and challenges in the global environment. The globalization may be characterized by global flows of capital, goods, discontinuous changes and particularly information in the economic environment. In these conditions it begins to talk about a "new" economy - a knowledge economy.The paper is based on the research project of the Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia ?Human Resource management of small and medium-sized enterprises?[039/2013/S] and also on data, which was gained from cooperation with students.The knowledge economy has recently been increasingly discussed topic and it can be defined in many precise and exhaustive definitions. One of the new approaches may be its defining via cultural dimensions of G. Hofstede. These cultural dimensions also determine the status of the corporate culture. The corporate culture (together with an atmosphere, which it creates) can have a positive or a negative impact on all the activities in the enterprise. It may therefore contribute to maintenance the competitiveness and better efficiency. Among the desirable cultural dimensions of knowledge economy are the small power distance supporting the transfer of knowledge. Collectivism, which is related to synergies of leading teams as well as to use of tacit knowledge. Femininity with its atmosphere of trust, allowing the development of human potential and care for the quality of life and the environment which leads to the corporate social responsibility. And the acceptance of changes arising from discontinuous flows of the globalization. And the long-term orientation, which is associated with the investment in human capital.The aim of the paper is finding out the state of transformation of surveyed enterprises into the knowledge economy. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 33-46 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=004&rid=5198 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705198 Classification-JEL: M14, M12, M10 Keywords: corporate culture, cultural dimensions, knowledge economy, new economy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nassr Saleh Mohamad Ahmad Author-Name-First: Nassr Saleh Mohamad Author-Name-Last: Ahmad Author-Email: nassr_ahmad@yahoo.co.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Al-Jabel Al-Garbi University Title: Using Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) of Islamic Finance for Financing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Libya: Setting Up A Road Map Abstract: AbstractPurpose: This paper aims to setting up a road map for using profit-and-loss sharing (PLS) type of Islamic financing to overcome the financial difficulties of SMEs in Libya. Design/Methodology/Approach: The road map has been developed based on the conceptual framework of Ascarys's (2010) which use the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method, to analyse problems faced by Islamic banks when dealing with PLS financing. Findings: The study found that (1) there is a finance gap in financing SMEs in Libya; (2) most Libyan firms have knowledge about the existence of Islamic banking and finance; (3) loan has interest is the highest important reason as to why Libyan SMEs do not apply for any loan from the bank; (4) the portfolio of Islamic finance worldwide is dominated by non PLS financing; and (5) the conceptual framework of Ascarys's (2010) includes three aspects of the lack of PLS in Islamic banks namely, problems, alternative solution and development strategies. Research limitations: An empirical study is needed to provide more support to the suggested road map.Originality/Value: This is the first study that proposal the use of PLS for financing SMEs in Libya. The paper demonstrated various issues for PLS financing of SMEs in Libya which could help policy makers to undertake some serious public policy issues by understanding motives for encouraging Libyan Islamic banks and SMEs to deal with such PLS contracts. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 47-47 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=005&rid=4904 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704904 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Profit-and-Loss Sharing (PLS); Islamic Finance; Islamic Banks; Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs); Road Map; The Conceptual Framework of Ascarys's (2010); Libya. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704904 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ghaith Al Abdallah Author-Name-First: Ghaith Author-Name-Last: Al Abdallah Author-Email: ghaith.abdallah@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Applied Science University Title: A Modified Delone & Mclean Model for Mobile Banking Abstract: Banks all over the world are converting from traditional banking to branchless banking; the substantial advancement in technology facilitated the adoption of new remote services platforms. Mobile banking is one of the most important alternative channels, especially with the widespread of smart phones.Many factors contributed to the adoption of mobile banking and many models were developed to examine this adoption process. Delone and Mclean introduced their model based on system quality, information quality and service quality, leading to intention to use and satisfaction and then to the net benefit. However, this model was originally developed to examine information system in general. Other researchers modified the original Delone and Mclean model to be more specific to mobile systems. Lee and Chang added interference design quality to the original factors, leading to trust then satisfaction. In this research, the researcher modified the model to include system security (since security of financial information is a major concern to users) and found that satisfaction proceeds trust, and both (satisfaction and trust) will contribute to commitment. To test the newly modified model, 14 hypotheses were drafted from the model and tested over a stratified random sample. The sample was selected from local banks customers who use mobile banking services on regular basis. Since this research is a causal one and without any control on the conducts of the respondents, quantitative descriptive approach was found appropriate for this research. Survey technique and personally submitted questionnaires were used to collect the data. The questionnaire was developed based on literature review and previous studies and consisted of four parts; the first part collected the respondents? demographics. The second part examined the independent variables of the model (system quality, information quality, interference design quality, system security). The third part examined the dependent variables (satisfaction and trust) and the fourth part examined the effect of satisfaction and trust on the users? commitment to use mobile banking system (application). Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to describe and analyze the data of 418 filtered and screened questionnaires out of 500 originally distributed. Despite the fact that all hypotheses were accepted, the hypotheses testing revealed that system security has the main effect on satisfaction and trust followed by system quality. Both, satisfaction and trust significantly contributed to commitment. Although future examination is required, these findings indicate the primary success of the modified model. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 48-48 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=006&rid=4902 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704902 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Mobile Banking, Adoption, Modified Delone and Mclean Model, Jordan. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704902 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ebtesam al qaoud Author-Name-First: ebtesam Author-Name-Last: al qaoud Author-Email: eqnbab@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: kuwait university Title: Children and Violence Abstract: The relationship between aggressiveness and bad behavior among children effects the attitude and interaction between the child and his peers and family. This research has been done in elementary schools in Kuwait on more than 400 children. The relationship between aggressiveness and bad behavior among children effects the attitude and interaction between the child and his peers and family. This research has been done in elementary schools in Kuwait on more than 400 children. The relationship between aggressiveness and bad behavior among children effects the attitude and interaction between the child and his peers and family. This research has been done in elementary schools in Kuwait on more than 400 children. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 49-49 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=007&rid=5300 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705300 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Kuwait, children, violence Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Salah Al-Ali Author-Name-First: Salah Author-Name-Last: Al-Ali Author-Email: drsalali@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: College of technological Studies Title: Measuring Leadership Attributes in Vocational and Technical Education: The College of Technological Studies, Kuwait, As A Case Study. Abstract: Due to the rapid change in science and technology in world economy, the issue of forging vocational and technical colleges is considered significant, especially in developing countries (e.g. Kuwait), where the shortage of semi-skilled indigenous manpower is highly noted in various sectors of the economy. The success of vocational and technical education would depend, to great extend, on those who run such institutions. The distinction between managing an academic institution and vocational and technical education institution has to be clearly made so that tangible outcomes can be achieved. The fact is that vocational and technical education has its own unique characteristics that have to be thoroughly absorbed by those who are intending to run such institutions. The study would be based on extensive fieldwork that encompassed a review of related literature, questionnaires and personal interviews with: the Dean of the College of Technological Studies, the Assistant Dean for Academic Affairs, the Head of the Departments, the head of Industrial Training Programs, and selected instructors. The objectives are to measure leadership attributes (e.g. setting an appropriate strategy and plan, encouraging team work, vision, communication skills, confidence, and persistence). Finally, the paper would argues that unless the management of the College of technological Studies, CTS, realises the importance of the application of leadership attributes, the CTS would not be able to supply local industries with the needed manpower. Thus, increasing dependence on expatriates for years to come. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 50-50 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=008&rid=3230 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703230 Classification-JEL: A20, I20 Keywords: Vocational and technical Education, developing Indigenous Manpower, Interaction between vocational and technical education and local industries, Kuwait. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rawa Al-Jarallah Author-Name-First: Rawa Author-Name-Last: Al-Jarallah Author-Email: rawa1@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kuwait University Author-Name: Esra Aleisa Author-Name-First: Esra Author-Name-Last: Aleisa Author-Email: aleisaE@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kuwait University Title: A NATIONAL SURVEY ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO INCREASED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN KUWAIT Abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate socioeconomic factors that contribute to increased waste generation in Kuwait. We surveyed over 800 homeowners on their waste quantities, practices, awareness and initiatives towards waste reduction and better management. The survey collected demographic information of participants including nationality, income, property type, individuals per household, individuals employed, educational levels, etc. The study also explored public opinion and awareness towards household waste recycling and amount of tariff accepted by the public to have residential solid removed and disposed more efficiently. Statistical correlation using the Spearman Rho correlation tests identified variables that are good predictors for the solid waste generated per household. All analyses maintained a 95% confidence level. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 51-57 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=009&rid=4295 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704295 Classification-JEL: Q01, Q59 Keywords: Municipal waste; solid waste; socioeconomic; statistical analysis; non-parametric correlation; Spearman Rho correlation; awareness Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704295 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: maha alkhashil Author-Name-First: maha Author-Name-Last: alkhashil Author-Email: makhoshail@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Title: An aspect of the life of pirates in the Indian Ocean, A historical study from English documents Abstract: The pirates in the Indian Ocean greatly threatened the trade activities that passed by. They were concentrated on a few islands in the Indian Ocean. From these islands, they sailed out to overtake ships and then came back to these islands loaded with booty looted from these ships. Since the English people had settled in India and established the East India Company, England came into conflict with these pirates in defending its trade and its position as a great sea power that was threatened by the predations of these pirates. English records documented many aspects of the life of pirates at that time. This research aims at shedding light on aspects of the life of pirates on the islands of the Indian Ocean in the seventeenth century. It also aims to show their way of life, their affairs and the nature of their activities during the period of their settlement in these islands. It is an attempt to understand this period in greater detail and to explore historical documents that may help to differentiate between reality and imagination regarding the life of pirates and related matters. This study is composed of several sections:The introduction discusses pirates in the Indian Ocean in the seventeenth century and the reasons that their activity flourished. This introduction also indicates the places where they settled in the Indian Ocean and why they chose these places. Finally, the text discusses their activities during their settlement of these islands. The study reaches the following conclusions: the pirates chose Madagascar and Mauritius and other islands in the Indian Ocean as places to settle due to the special features of their location and the lack of powerful neighbors to threaten them. These places were the destinations of pirates of every nationality. They considered these islands to be shelters to return to after attacking trading ships and loading up with looted merchandise which they quickly sold here and there or they might travel to sell it in the western Indian islands. The pirates often carried off hostages with them to these islands when they felt threatened or were chased. Pirates faced some threats especially when danger escalated and the East India Company began to pursue them to their hiding places. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 58-63 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=010&rid=4731 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704731 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Indian Ocean, Piracy, Pirates, East India Company Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704731 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hend Almaseb Author-Name-First: Hend Author-Name-Last: Almaseb Author-Email: hendbatel@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: kuwait university Title: The gap between theory and practice in social work Abstract: The gap between theory and practice in social work has been the subject of considerable debate over recent years. This study aims at exploring the reasons for the gap between theory and practice in social work in Kuwait, and the most significant reason for this gap. A convenient sample of 342 participated from different institutions in Kuwait. The results showed that the major reasons for the gap were job challenges and requirements, followed by curriculum, job description, and self-development. Results also showed significant differences between gender, type of university, major of the participants, and the institutions in which the participants work. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 64-64 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=011&rid=3611 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703611 Classification-JEL: I29, C12 Keywords: Curriculum - gap between theory and practicejob - challenges and requirements- job description- self-development tendency- social work Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703611 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ricardo Álvarez Torres Author-Name-First: Ricardo Author-Name-Last: Álvarez Torres Author-Email: ricardo.alvarez.torres@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Economic Research Institute of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Author-Name: María Irma Manrique Campos Author-Name-First: María Irma Author-Name-Last: Manrique Campos Author-Email: mancamm@unam.mx Author-Workplace-Name: Economic Research Institute of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Author-Name: Alejandra Fernández Hernández Author-Name-First: Alejandra Author-Name-Last: Fernández Hernández Author-Email: afernandez@upemor.edu.mx Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos (UPEMOR) Title: Implementation of Monetary Policy and its Influence on the Output Abstract: The output plays one of the main roles in both theoretical: orthodox and heterodox framework. In Mexico, where was embrace, and it is still ruling, an Inflation Targeting policy, it says that the output gap determines the inflation level, hence it symbolize worthy role of the application policy. Besides the fact that, in the heterodox framework, where the aggregate demand determines the output, it in turn, affect the level of employment, etc. This paper portrays, though statistics analysis, how monetary policy affects the output in Mexican case, also to provide a contrast of the role of product into the orthodox and heterodox framework. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 65-75 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=012&rid=4737 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704737 Classification-JEL: E52, E58, O42 Keywords: Monetary Policy, Output, Mexico Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704737 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Clara Akunna Anih Author-Name-First: Clara Akunna Author-Name-Last: Anih Author-Email: claraaanih1@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: School of Science Education, Enugu State College of Education (Technical) Enugu, Enugu State Nigeria Author-Name: Joy Johnbest Egbo Author-Name-First: Joy Johnbest Author-Name-Last: Egbo Author-Email: Joybest66@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: School of Science EAbakaliki Road GRA, Enugu, Enugu State Nigeria Title: The influence of gender on science students achievement using pratical activities in senior secondary schools in Enugu education zone of Enugu State, Nigeria Abstract: The annual performance of students in the senior secondary school certificate examination (SSCE) conducted by the West African Examination Council (WAEC) and National Examination Council (NECO) is unsatisfactory. Among the factors responsible for this problem are lack of practical activities and the problem of gender effect in achievement of science concepts. Three research questions were used for the study and two null hypotheses were posed to guide the study. The research design was a quasi- experimental design. Population for the study was one thousand six hundred (1600) SS II science students. A sample of one hundred and twenty students was used for the study. The instrument for data collection was Science Achievement Test (SAT) developed by the researchers. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was estimated to be 0.75 using Spearman?s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient (P). The study showed that: the impact of practical activities on achievement of science concepts is high. Students taught using practical activities had a higher mean score than those taught with lecture method; male science students achieved higher than female science students in Science Achievement Test (SAT); there is significant difference in favour of the practical activities than the lecture method. It was recommended among others that well equipped laboratories should be provided for the schools by government. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 76-85 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=013&rid=4890 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704890 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: Gender, Practical activities, Achievement, Science. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704890 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: YASEMIN ARI KOVANCI Author-Name-First: YASEMIN Author-Name-Last: ARI KOVANCI Author-Email: yasemin.ari@deu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Dokuz Eylül University Title: The Quality of the Working Life in Turkey in the Membership Process to European Union Abstract: With the beginning of Turkey's accession negotiations with the European Union in 2005, a new period has begun for the partnership which was first established with European Community in the year 1963. Within this period, to question the quality of working life in Turkey in terms of the harmonization process with European Union constitutes one of the required fields. . The European Union aims to provide and protect a humane quality of life and standard for everyone in an active, protective and healthy society. In this context, the quality of the working life especially in terms of the labor market is one of the key issues for European Union. However, nowadays there is an increasing asymmetry between the economic and social field. Therefore, the European Union's approach to quality of working life reflects the demand for a simultaneous increase in the employment and improvement in the quality of the work carried out. During the accession process of European Union it is needed to make a comparative analysis in terms of some basic indicators that can be used to define and measure the quality of working life in Turkey. In this context, it is possible to make various evaluations about working life quality in terms of multidimensional context such as: access and participation in the labor market, the level, structure and nature of employment; wages; job security; health and safety; social protection; gender equality; work-life balance and social dialogue. The aim of this study is to investigate the quality of the working life in Turkey in the membership process to European Union. Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 86-101 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=014&rid=4465 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704465 Classification-JEL: J01, J81, J21 Keywords: Labour market, Quality, Employment, Working Life, Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704465 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Pacharaporn Arkornsakul Author-Name-First: Pacharaporn Author-Name-Last: Arkornsakul Author-Email: pachara.ask@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of management sciences,Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Author-Name: Woraphon Yamaka Author-Name-First: Woraphon Author-Name-Last: Yamaka Author-Email: woraphon.econ@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics Chiang Mai University Author-Name: Sombat Singkharat Author-Name-First: Sombat Author-Name-Last: Singkharat Author-Email: sombatcmru@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of management sciences,Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Title: Consumer?s Willingness to Pay for Gasohol E100 in Chiang Mai Province and Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Abstract: The purposes of this research was conducted to study the behavior of consumers who use gasohol and their willingness to pay for it and also to determine factors that influence consumer to pay for gasohol E100 in Chiang Mai and Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was adopted as a hypothetical situation in the form of questionnaires which consists of double bounded dichotomous choice. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) was the method of analysis used and willingness to pay for gasohol by using Generalized Ordered Logit Model. Stata is needed for collecting data. The result of research found out that due to 800 samples from two sample group (Chiang Mai 400 samples and Nakhon Ratchasima 400 samples) to compare the willingness to pay for gasohol E100. It is discovered that most consumers was unwillingness to pay for the second gasohol quotation which was lower 32.50 Bath per liter due to most consumer were unconvinced the quality of gasohol E100. The measurement of willingness to pay for gasohol E100 average was 30.64 baths per liter in Chiang Mai group and 27.12 baths per liter in Nakhon Ratchasima group. In addition, attitude toward the environment is one of all factor are determining the willingness of consumers to pay for gasohol E100. Gasohol E100 is unknown among the majority of car users. Thailand Government should carry out promote and inform people about the benefits and drawbacks of gasohol E100 and should research on it. It should be supported as a short term and long term study. As a consequence, consumers will understand and be confident in using gasohol E100. This will change willingness of consumers to pay for gasohol E100 Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 102-111 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=015&rid=4676 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704676 Classification-JEL: C25, D10, Q58 Keywords: Willingness to pay; Gasohol E100; Energy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704676 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Göksu Aslan Author-Name-First: Göksu Author-Name-Last: Aslan Author-Email: gaslan@unime.it Author-Workplace-Name: University of Messina Title: Redistribution and Inequality Impact on Economic Growth to the Extent of Economic Freedom Abstract: In this paper, redistribution and inequality impact on economic growth are observed for the countries in the panel framework approach, to the extent of their economic freedom score. There exists a growing research interest on inequality and economic growth relationships in the global level. On the other hand, redistributive policies and their effects are highly controversial since some views cover that the interventions for equality may have negative effects on economic growth. I apply system GMM estimation on a dynamic panel model as to test inequality and redistribution effects on economic growth and compare with ordinary least squares, within group and difference GMM estimations. Dataset includes annual observations from 1995 to 2011 for 141 countries. According to the SYS-GMM estimation results, for economically free countries, both net inequality and redistribution have negative impact on economic growth . The impact of net inequality is absolutely higher than impact of redistribution. For economically unfree countries, net inequality has positive significant effect, while redistribution has negative significant effect which is very low. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 112-120 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=016&rid=5203 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705203 Classification-JEL: O40, C23, E62 Keywords: Economic growth, GDP, GMM, inequality, redistribution, economic freedom Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Seth Asumah Author-Name-First: Seth Author-Name-Last: Asumah Author-Email: seth.asumah@cortland.edu Author-Workplace-Name: State University of New York at Cortland Title: Rethinking the Pedagogy of Oppression, Difficult Dialogue and Liberatory Learning in Predominantly White Institutions Abstract: The American polity has changed in form and dynamics since the Civil Rights Movement. This change is concomitant with new pedagogical approaches and scholarship that interrogate the traditional ways of teaching in colleges and universities. The United States? roots of Eurocentric, phallocentric, Judeo-Christian, heterosexual, political hegemonic culture for many years informed and influenced research and pedagogical techniques in the academy until the early 1970?s. Nevertheless, the emergence of the politics of inclusion, diversity, multiculturalism, and social justice education on American campuses invite scholars and teachers to develop new approaches to teaching courses with difficult dialogue. For faculty of color, who teach and educate students in the areas of oppression, prejudice, discrimination, diversity, or traditionally gender-specific area in predominantly White institutions, their function and career aspirations become fundamentally political because their work is grounded in antiracist, antisexist, anti-islamophobic, anti-homophobic and postcolonial struggle. Paulo Freiere?s (1970) work on the Pedagogy of the Oppressed advocated a new educational approach for teachers, students and society to overcome oppression. bell hooks (1994) correctly notes that, ? The classroom is no longer a place of pleasure or ecstasy. School [is] still a political place, since we [are] always having to counter white racist assumptions that we [are] genetically inferior?. Yet, the politics [are] no longer counter-hegemonic? (p.4). Teaching and research for many historically marginalized faculty attempt to deconstruct and demystify the ideas that hegemonic cultures have assigned to people of color. The struggle to eradicate discrimination, exploitation, marginalization, and cultural imperialism and to advocate an inclusive, liberatory education assumes a political and hegemonic-deconstructive approach, which is viewed with suspicion by the dominant culture in predominantly White institutions. Yet in recent times there have been demands for faculty of color and courses that address the issues of diversity, multiculturalism and difficult dialogue in most predominantly White institutions. In this presentation, Professor Asumah will answer the following questions: What are the merits and demerits for faculty of color who elect to teach courses on prejudice, social justice, discrimination and diversity? What is the political ramification for teaching such courses in predominantly White institutions? Mutatis mutandis, and considering the intellectual climate of the institution, what kinds of content, process, affective material, and pedagogical techniques will be most effective for faculty of color in predominantly White institutions? This session would be beneficial for teachers and educators. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 121-122 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=017&rid=4839 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704839 Classification-JEL: I29, I23, D63 Keywords: Oppression, Pedagogy, Difficult dialogue, Social Justice, Teachers of Color, Teach, Educate, Educators, White Institutions, Diversity, Multiculturalism, Antiracist, Antisexist, Postcolonial. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704839 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SAAD BIN AZHAR Author-Name-First: SAAD BIN Author-Name-Last: AZHAR Author-Email: saadbinazhar88@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY Author-Name: PARVAIZ TALIB Author-Name-First: PARVAIZ Author-Name-Last: TALIB Author-Email: parvaiztalib@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY Title: Green Management Indicators & Environmental Sustainability: hAn ISM based approach Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to identify indicators (Barriers and Enablers) for green management practices in manufacturing organizations and to understand their relationship with environmental sustainability. By using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach, the paper presents a hierarchy based model and the contextual relationships among these indicators. The research shows that there exists a group of indicators having low dependence and high driving power and are of strategic importance for the companies. The proposed model provides a useful tool for companies. By focusing on specific green indicators, environmental performance can be significantly improved leading to environmental sustainability. This study further augments the academic literature on green management. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 123-123 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=018&rid=4387 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704387 Classification-JEL: Q56 Keywords: Green Management; Indicators; Environmental Sustainability; Interpretive Structural Modeling Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704387 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MOHAMMED BAHUDHAILAH Author-Name-First: MOHAMMED Author-Name-Last: BAHUDHAILAH Author-Email: bahudhailah@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hull University Title: Exploring the Impact of Flexible Work on Work life Balance for Women in Saudi Arabia Abstract: In recent years, the increasing demands of organisations on their employees, together with more family and non-work commitments, raise questions of how to balance these conflicting demands. This is especially relevant currently for women in Saudi Arabia as they are have high levels of educational attainment and are being encouraged into the workforce by government initiatives, yet are still expected to perform the traditional domestic roles assigned to them by religion and culture. Flexible work is considered in some cultures as one of the solutions that might resolve conflicts between employees' family life and work. The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of flexible work on work life balance for women in Saudi Arabia. To achieve this aim four questions are raised: 1) to what extent do women in Saudi Arabia have flexibility in their work in terms of where, when, and how long they work? 2) To what extent do women in Saudi Arabia desire to craft their work? 3) Does flexible work lead to work life balance for women in Saudi Arabia? And why? 4) What barriers do women in Saudi Arabia face to achieving flexibility? The research questions have been formulated to enable different factors in the study to be explored. Semi-structured interviews are to be used in collecting data. Thirty working women in the health, education, and banking sectors are to be interviewed; these are the most important sectors that employ women in Saudi Arabia, and have a significant number of female workers in them. Moreover, this study will explore the effect of religion and national culture in the context of flexible work, and the effects of job crafting for achieving an environment of flexible work. The researcher will adopt a qualitative approach to explore women?s experiences. This will give different points of view and many opportunities for the researcher to expand current knowledge. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 124-124 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=019&rid=4292 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704292 Classification-JEL: Keywords: flexible work, work life balance. women work, job crafting Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Asifa Batool Author-Name-First: Asifa Author-Name-Last: Batool Author-Email: a.batool6@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of agriculture faisalabad Title: Effect of poverty on women health in khewra city pakistan Abstract: Poverty increased in Pakistan since the 1990s, after decline within the previous two decades. However, Pakistan is bearing an alarmingly high burden of communicable diseases which are mostly related to poverty. These diseases are mostly exacerbated by malnutrition and maternal risks. The present study attemps to find out the impact and effect of poverty on the health of women. Present study was conducted in the District Khewra. Three localities (low, medium and high social class) were selected for data collection. A multi-stage sampling techniques were be applied for data collection. At the first stage three localities low, medium and high social class i.e. Dandot, PMDC and ICI Colony were selected randomly from the selected Khewra city, at the second stage six Mohalas (two from each locality) were selected randomly and the third stage 120 respondents (20 from each mohala) were selected randomly. A well-designed schedule interviews to collect information and data collection was developed for the purpose. Collected information were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found the health facilities were available in Khewra city. Majority of the respondents i.e. 62.5 percent were unexpectedly satisfied to some degree with facilities related to health, while 47.5 percent of the women faced problems related to health. The first child was delivered at home by 58.3% of the respondents. Only 15.8 percent of the respondents used contraceptive methods. A major number i.e. 70.0 percent of the respondents had the opinion that they did not face any miscarriage in their life. It was found that there is a positive and significant relation among education level & income of the respondents with their health status. It is recommended that education level should be increase among women, because educated women have more awareness about their health and protective measures and more economic opportunities should be arrange for women Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 125-125 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=020&rid=4828 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704828 Classification-JEL: A14 Keywords: EducationIncomeHealth status Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704828 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Annah Bengesai Author-Name-First: Annah Author-Name-Last: Bengesai Author-Email: bengesai@ukzn.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of KwaZulu-Natal Title: Where do I come from and where am I going? Social capital and young women?s educational transitions in South Africa Abstract: One of the goals of the transformation of education in South Africa has been to improve educational attainment. In spite of this, South Africa still exhibits low mean years of schooling (9 years) as a consequence of high dropout rates, with a significant proportion of female students at each age cohort not making the transition from one educational level to the next. This has raised the question of what enables or hinders successful educational transitions. Increasingly, there is recognition that social capital is integral in helping students successfully negotiate these transitions. This social capital inheres in personal experiences and interactions that students have with others over space and time and facilitates social outcomes. Using three waves of the National Income Dynamics Study (South Africa), this study sought to model the influence of social capital on the probability of making the following educational transitions: primary school completion, high school completion and post-secondary education completion. Acknowledging the protective effect of education on young women, this study makes the argument that it is the interrelationship between the key educational transitions which shape educational productivity. A retrospective methodology is adopted to disentangle the effect of events occurring in one trajectory on those in another. In particular, the study applies a sequential logit model to estimate transition probabilities of passing through key educational transitions. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 126-126 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=021&rid=4652 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704652 Classification-JEL: Keywords: educational attainment, sequential logit, transition probabilities, South Africa Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704652 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Volkan Cakir Author-Name-First: Volkan Author-Name-Last: Cakir Author-Email: volkancakir@arel.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Arel University Author-Name: Ahmet Pirlanta Author-Name-First: Ahmet Author-Name-Last: Pirlanta Author-Email: pirlantahmet@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Arel University Title: SYSTEM DESIGN OF RECYCLE MANAGEMENT USING AHP AND TOPSIS IN BUYUKCEKMECE MUNICIPALITY Abstract: Local governments are researching efficient and sustainable solutions to the problem of increasing amount of solid waste. Recycling is proposed as one of these solutions considering increasing environmental concerns. Recycling operation system starts with separating recyclable waste at household level. Though an efficient recycling system's success largely depends on the participation rate of inhabitants.Büyükçekmece is a district and municipality in the suburbs of Istanbul, Turkey on the Sea of Marmara coast of the European side, western part of the city. It is largely an industrial area with a population of 380,000. Although Büyükçekmece is a non-large district of ?stanbul in terms of the amount of population, the population is growing in the summer months. Department of Environmental Protection and Control of Büyükçekmece Municipality conducts activities for air pollution measurement, noise control and environmental impact assessment. In addition to these activities, office engages in recycling activities of vegetable wastes, packaging wastes, batteries, electronic wastes, plastics, glass and paper. Recycling activities at the municipality are handled by a private companies. Currently these recycling activities and operations are carried out in an unsystematic way. This recycling activity is irregular though awareness level of the inhabitant is extremely low. In this research, three alternative recycle collection methods are evaluated on three different locations. Alternatives are evaluated using AHP and TOPSIS methodologies. First important factors for a successful application of recycling were identified by AHP methodology. In AHP application, three main criteria are identified as economic factors, social factors and operational factors. There exists ten sub-criteria in the AHP tree. AHP surveys are filled out with project partner company managers, municipality engineers and administrators. After that TOPSIS methodology is used while comparing and ranking alternative recycle collection methods.After selecting the application sites application started with handing out recycling flyers, brochures of information about the study. Next a survey is prepared in order to understand the inhabitants? perception of recycling and demographics. Application lasted for three weeks starting with collecting survey papers and distribution of recycling bags to the residents periodically. During that period observations are made by the regional partners such as trash collector, site administrators as well as project team. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 127-127 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=022&rid=5185 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705185 Classification-JEL: Q53, C65, D70 Keywords: recycle management, Büyükçekmece, AHP, TOPSIS, solid waste management Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Thanee Chaiwat Author-Name-First: Thanee Author-Name-Last: Chaiwat Author-Email: thanee.c@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Chulalongkorn University Title: Lucky Bias in Bribery Market: An Experimental Evidence from Drug Market Game Abstract: Crime is a big problem in every society. In economic aspect, Becker (1974) proposed that the decision on criminal activities depends on the probability to be caught and the degree of penalty. An agent would evaluate his net return before make his decision. However individual may perceive the probability to be caught different from the real known value. This paper employed Tedeschi (2007)?s Drug Market Game to run class experiments of 156 economics students of Chulalongkorn University (Bangkok) and Walailuk University (Nakon Si Thammarat) to observe how individual perceived the probability to be caught. This game divided the subjects into 3 types of buyers, including the addict, the casual, and the curious and 2 types of sellers, including the big supplier and the small supplier. The experimental game started with free market situation, following decriminalization. The police would be inserted into the game with various amounts to vary the caught factor, so both buyers and sellers seem to have reacted rationally. Later, the game proposed the chance to negotiate bribe before being caught under some proportion of the group of police. The results showed that individuals think for themselves and believe that they would be lucky that they can bribe even they know the probability to be caught and the proportion of good police. So they have reacted as same as in the free market situation. This is because individuals have lucky bias for themselves, and create supply in bribery market. So policy implication should concern this lucky bias to restrict bribery supply and reduce crime effectively. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 128-128 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=023&rid=4790 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704790 Classification-JEL: K42, C91, D03 Keywords: Bribery, Experimental Economics, Behavioral Economics, Law and Economics Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704790 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jieh-Ren Chang Author-Name-First: Jieh-Ren Author-Name-Last: Chang Author-Email: jrchang@niu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Electronics Engineering, National Ilan University Author-Name: Hung-Chi Juang Author-Name-First: Hung-Chi Author-Name-Last: Juang Author-Email: asd1038@yahoo.com.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Electronics Engineering, National Ilan University Title: An Enhanced Approach for Implementing Unsupervised Label Refinement in Automatic Face Annotation Abstract: Unsupervised Label Refinement (ULR) is an effective method that can fix the error annotation in weakly labeled facial images database which is collected from the internet. All weakly labeled facial images are freely available on the World Wide Web (WWW). One challenging problem is how to effectively correcting the weak labels that are often noisy and incomplete.In this study, an enhanced approach is proposed to implementing Unsupervised Label Refinement. The concept of that the same label of facial images have the same face feature center is used. It can make better for fixing weakly labeled facial images data.An experimental database is queried from IMDb website which collected the actors who were bored in 1950 to 1990. The initial weakly labeled data is provided for experiment with respectively error annotation rate 25% and 15%. The results show that the Enhanced Unsupervised Label Refinement in Automatic Face Annotation have the better performance which is compared with other traditional URL methods. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 129-129 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=024&rid=4935 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704935 Classification-JEL: C63 Keywords: web facial images, auto face annotation, unsupervised learning. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704935 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jieh-Ren Chang Author-Name-First: Jieh-Ren Author-Name-Last: Chang Author-Email: jrchang@niu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Electronics Engineering, National Ilan University Author-Name: Yu-Min Lin Author-Name-First: Yu-Min Author-Name-Last: Lin Author-Email: kevin56062000@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Electronics Engineering, National Ilan University Author-Name: Chi-Hsiang Lo Author-Name-First: Chi-Hsiang Author-Name-Last: Lo Author-Email: chlo@niu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Electronics Engineering, National Ilan University Title: A Simple Method for Shortening Detection Process of Potential Induced Degradation of Solar Cells Abstract: Potential Induced Degradation (PID) is a phenomenon that makes solar cells system loses power seriously under high voltage stress between glass surface and solar cells. Prevention of PID effect for individual photovoltaic (PV) modules is very important issue nowadays. The solar cells with latent PID are hard to detect when they are being manufactured. Recently, the solar cell can be detected for latent PID after the solar cell manufacture process. Each solar cell is under 1000 volts stress and a probe is used to measure the shunt resistance of solar cell for detecting latent PID in modern industrial. But the testing procedures are time consuming. It costs 40 hours for testing each solar cell. How to reduce the time of yield is the most important problem for industrial. In this paper, an on-line data analysis algorithm is proposed to predict the solar cell with latent PID and avoid power loss of PV modules from PID phenomenon. According to the experimental results, the on-line data analysis algorithm of PID detection can efficiently increase the yield rate of solar cell, and data analysis algorithm can speed up the solar cell testing. This data analysis algorithm improves the solar cell manufacturing in the same time. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 130-130 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=025&rid=4948 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704948 Classification-JEL: C80 Keywords: Potential Induced Degradation, PID, On-line Data Analysis, Solar Cells Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704948 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Li-Chu Chen Author-Name-First: Li-Chu Author-Name-Last: Chen Author-Email: sinead2147@ms.szmc.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Shu Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management Title: A Study of the Efficacy of Service Learning on Students? Learning Outcome Abstract: The main purpose of the study is to explore how service learning involvement affects students? learning outcome. Subjects were students who took the course of English Teaching for Children for 1 year and were required to take at least one module test of TKT(Teaching Knowledge Test). The results indicate that those who participated in service-learning programs and fulfilled one or more service hours had better performance on the test. 46 students took the test of Module 1, and 40 of them have been involved in service-learning program, with 42% reaching band 3 and 58% reaching band 2. In addition, attendance and participation in group work, discussion and personal reflection are also taken into account to evaluate students? performance. The results shows that not only do students who devoted time to service learning get acquainted with teaching process but they also obtain hands-on experience and show positive career development. It is concluded that service learning helps contribute to students? positive attitudinal outcome and better preparation for tests ant that service learning integrated into teaching course is increasingly important Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 131-131 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=026&rid=4074 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704074 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: service learning, learning outcome Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704074 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hsin-Jen CHEN Author-Name-First: Hsin-Jen Author-Name-Last: CHEN Author-Email: hjchen@ccu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chung Cheng University Author-Name: Ya-Hsuan WANG Author-Name-First: Ya-Hsuan Author-Name-Last: WANG Author-Email: sunny.wang@ccu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chung Cheng University Title: The emotional geographies of parent participation in schooling: Headteachers? perceptions in Taiwan Abstract: This article attempts to use Andy Hargreaves? theoretical framework of emotional geographies to analyze headteachers? perceptions of their interactions with parents in Taiwan. Emotional geographies could be portrayed into emotional distance whereby interpersonal relationships are either closer or distant. The study interviewed 6 primary headteachers whose perceptions of their interactions with parents which could be closer or distant through the lens of emotional geographies. Based on the qualitative interviews with primary headteachers, the research findings show that headteachers? emotional distances from parents were intertwined with parents? sociocultural status, headteachers? moral purposes, headteachers? notions of professionalism, headteachers? political pretense, and the frequency to contact parents. Thus, Hargreaves? framework could be a useful tool to explore headteacher-parent interactions. The paper closes with suggestions for policy considerations. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 132-132 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=027&rid=4330 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704330 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Emotional geographies, Emotional politics, Classical professionalism, Moral purpose, Headteacher-parent relations Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mihail Cocosila Author-Name-First: Mihail Author-Name-Last: Cocosila Author-Email: mihailc@athabascau.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business, Athabasca University Author-Name: Houda Trabelsi Author-Name-First: Houda Author-Name-Last: Trabelsi Author-Email: houdat@athabascau.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business, Athabasca University Title: A user perspective on contrasting factors of contactless mobile payments adoption Abstract: This study investigates the adoption of contactless mobile payments from a user point of view. Near Field Communication (NFC) mobile payments that consist of credit card contactless payments with smartphones are believed to be on a rapid growth path due to expected advantages for all major parties involved: consumers, credit card companies, banks, smartphone manufacturers, and mobile operators. Despite this overall optimistic picture there may, however, be some potential user doubts that would slow adoption. Thus, NFC payments might be associated with both fears linked to credit card use (e.g., account security) and to smartphone use (e.g., privacy). To assess the contrasting, positive and negative, factors of contactless mobile payments adoption from a user perspective, a cross-sectional investigation was run with two samples of Canadian consumers, 150 participants each. While one of the samples was presented information emphasizing the advantages of NFC mobile payments, the other sample was presented information pointing to possible issues associated with this new form of mobile payments. Following that, an online survey was conducted simultaneously with all participants in the two samples. Outcomes indicate that, irrespective of the information offered a priori, consumers perceive both opportunities (e.g., utility and fun) and challenges (e.g., unnecessary complications or privacy threats) associated with the service provided. Major players on the NFC mobile payments market should address these salient consumer factors in order to increase consumer adoption and, hence, the overall success of contactless mobile payments with smartphones. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 133-133 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=028&rid=3537 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703537 Classification-JEL: M15 Keywords: mobile payment, credit card, smartphone, empirical investigation, Canada Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703537 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?clal ÇÖ?ÜRCÜ Author-Name-First: ?clal Author-Name-Last: ÇÖ?ÜRCÜ Author-Email: icogurcu@kmu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Author-Name: Ebubekir KARAÇAYIR Author-Name-First: Ebubekir Author-Name-Last: KARAÇAYIR Author-Email: bekirkara@kmu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Title: INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR SIZE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF TURKEY (1980-2014) Abstract: The share of the state's economic system varies from country to country. It can be said that when regulatory role of the state is taken into account, it has great importance in terms of the whole country. The relationship between development level of the country and the share of the public sector seems to be inverse. Everything is expected from the state for the reason that there is not enough power of the private sector in less developed country. Therefore, the share of public sector is greater than the share of the private sector in less developed countries. In developed countries, the share of the private sector is greater than the public sector. State which represent common legitimate sanction power of society, is important in history of economic thought. The regulatory and controlling role and share of the state in the economy and share are one of the most important issues that have discussed for many years. State-economic relations and the weight of the state in the economy is always the most important issues of economic agenda. The share of the state in the economy affects economic growth in an economic system.In this study, the relationship between the size of the public sector and economic growth is being assessed in terms of Turkey's economy. In this context between the years of 1980-2014 time series data will be utilized which pertain to Turkey's economy. After the time series used in according to their stasis unit root tests, the analysis examined cointegration between the series whether Mani (cointegration) will be investigated. The relationship will be determined between the size of the public sector and economic growth depending on the results of the appropriate empirical econometric models. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 134-143 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=029&rid=4591 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704591 Classification-JEL: H10, O40 Keywords: Public Sector, Economic Growth, Cointegration Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704591 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nick Crown Author-Name-First: Nick Author-Name-Last: Crown Author-Email: nickcrown1986@rocketmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of East Anglia Title: Catholic and Protestant Martyrdom in England: Representations of England as Israel c.1530-1600 Abstract: I am a final year PhD student at the University of East Anglia, due to graduate in July after successfully completing my Viva. My thesis, supervised by Doctors Silvia Evangelisti and Jessica Sharkey, provides the first in-depth comparison between Tudor-era Catholic and Protestant martyrs in England since the research of Patrick McGrath, Jack Scarisbrick and Arthur Dickens during the 1960s. Convinced they were living in the end-times, Catholics and Protestants alike strove to portray their own religious group as the elect. This was defined in traditional martyrologies as the uncorrupted successor to the early church or, especially among radical Puritans, ancient Israel. Henrician and Elizabethan Anglicans in particular strove to create a brand of universal, independent Catholicism distinct from continental Protestant heresy; and pre-Reformation Popery that allegedly advocated the worship of dead saints, and the Pope himself, rather than Jesus. At this conference, I intend to discuss the evolving representation of the English Protestant elect, as propagandists writing after the Marian persecutions sought to prove the restored Church of England's legitimacy and exclusivity. Fearing Catholic allegations of plagiarism, and eager to discredit the veneration of pre-Reformation saints as idolatrous, Elizabethan Puritans such as Foxe actively identified the Elizabethan confessional state with ancient Israel, in the belief that a religious group's superiority was determined by its ancient lineage. The following article will serve as the basis for a more in-depth piece of future research, where I will analyse the evolution of English Puritan attitudes towards contemporary Jews during the 17th-century. Furthermore, I will analyse the Catholic response, where Counter-Reformation Jesuits used depictions that would (by modern standards) be considered anti-Semitic, to equate English Protestants with the Jews who allegedly killed Christ; and lost God?s patronage due to their reputed wickedness and stubbornness. Such depictions were useful for reasserting the priesthood's claim of superiority, by arguing that, like the saints of the New Testament, Jesuits took it upon themselves to correct Old Testament errors unwittingly restored by the post-schism Anglican confessional state. N.K. Crown (Doctor designatus) Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 144-154 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=030&rid=3891 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703891 Classification-JEL: N93, H77, I29 Keywords: Reformation, Tudors, British Israelism Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703891 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Salina Daud Author-Name-First: Salina Author-Name-Last: Daud Author-Email: salina@uniten.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Tenaga Nasional Title: The antecedents of corporate sustainability performance Abstract: Climate change and global warming are major challenges for Malaysia as well as for companies. Companies are fronting growing pressure to become greener or more environmentally friendly. Due to pressure from consumers and government, companies need to review their production processes. Consequently, they have to apply the concept of sustainable development in their policies and plans. The objective of this study is to examine three dimensions, mainly, knowledge management, eco-innovation and corporate sustainability performance to support sustainability environment. Creating sustainability environment is one of the main agendas in Malaysia Plan. The study focuses on examining the effect of knowledge management strategy on eco-innovation; the effect of knowledge management strategy on corporate sustainability performance; the effect of eco-innovation on corporate sustainability performance; and the mediating effect of eco-innovation on knowledge management strategy and corporate sustainability performance. Halal pharmaceutical companies were chosen as a sample in the study. Data were collected using survey questions and were analysed using Smart PLS. Results show that strategic KM contributes significantly to eco-innovation but does not contribute significantly to corporate sustainability performance. Eco-innovation significantly affects corporate sustainability performance and it mediates the relationship between strategic knowledge management and corporate sustainability performance. It is suggested that pharmaceutical companies in the study need to enhance the creating, sharing and utilizing of implicit and explicit knowledge in order to enhance companies? corporate sustainability performance. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 155-167 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=031&rid=4927 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704927 Classification-JEL: M20 Keywords: Knowledge management, codification, personalization, eco-innovation, corporate sustainability performance. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704927 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Derlacz-Wawrowska Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Derlacz-Wawrowska Author-Email: martaderlacz@op.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Instytut Pracy i Spraw Socjalnych / Institute of Labour and Social Studies Title: Protection of employer?s confidential information in the individual and collective labour law Abstract: As a result of civilization changes the role of information is increasing. Nowadays information is the more and more important element of an enterprise. That process is reflected in law change. The Author will analyze regulation concerning protection of confidential data of the employer in the context of European Law and its influence on Polish law. Regulations concerning information are present in individual and collective labour law. In the individual labour law protection of confidential data concerns information the employee acquires due to performing of his duties. In collective labour law, number of employee representatives have right to demand from the employer information. These refers to labour unions, works councils, European works councils, employee representatives in the European Company, European Cooperative Society and in the company resulting from the cross-border merger have brought information rights. Giving the right to information needs at the same time introducing mechanisms of protection of employers? confidential data. In this context it is worth to examine what are the possibilities of enforcement the employer?s duties concerning information and protection of confidential data and what is the liability for violation of confidentiality.The main goals of the paper is to:? analyze the legal considerations regarding employees and employees? representatives access to the information about employer operation and to show the legal means of protection of those data,? analyze the influence of access to the information and protection of those information on the effectiveness of employees? representation,? compare the information rights and protection of employer confidential information in the case of different employees? representations and defining level of cohesion of this regulation,? giving recommendation aimed at improvement of the regulation in the scope of information and protection of employer? confidential data in the individual and collective labor law. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 168-177 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=032&rid=4797 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704797 Classification-JEL: Keywords: labour law, confidential information, employee representatives. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704797 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kate?ina Dvoroková Author-Name-First: Kate?ina Author-Name-Last: Dvoroková Author-Email: katerina.dvorokova@vsb.cz Author-Workplace-Name: V?B - Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Economics Title: Methodology for Examining the Economic Convergence: Selected Issues and Econometric Modeling Techniques Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of the international monetary system with the stress on the global crisis that revealed the vulnerability of modern financial markets. The main goal of the article is to evaluate reform efforts done by the International Monetary Fund and European Central Bank. Closer attention is focused mainly on the reform efforts that have been triggered by contemporary financial crisis. The analysis provides two highly probable scenarios of the euro area future development. European Monetary Union will either partially break apart when economically weaker countries leave, or it will maintain the existing member base with a gradual transition to the full Economic and Monetary Union. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 178-187 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=033&rid=4888 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704888 Classification-JEL: E22, F33, F34 Keywords: European Central Bank, EU, International Monetary Fund, economic crisis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704888 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: James Estes Author-Name-First: James Author-Name-Last: Estes Author-Email: jimestes@csusb.edu Author-Workplace-Name: California State University San Bernardino Author-Name: Author-Name-First: Author-Name-Last: Author-Email: Author-Workplace-Name: Title: Tobacco Settlement Bonds: A Look At The Effect Of Securitization on the Credit of Sttates Using Capital Appreciation Bonds Abstract: Tobacco Settlement bonds have been issued by several states to obtain early use of funds awarded to them in the Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) of 1998. The MSA awarded monies in perpetuity to states to settle claims and lawsuits against the tobacco industry that had been ongoing for over a decade. Nine states, and Washington, DC, Puerto Rico, and Guam, have chosen to cash in on future MSA payments by issuing capital appreciation bonds in order to receive funds immediately and postpone any type of repayment for 55 years. This paper critically analyzes how using capital appreciation bonds backed by diminishing future MSA revenue streams will inevitably lead to default and higher borrowing costs in all bonds for these states and territories. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 188-202 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=034&rid=3037 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703037 Classification-JEL: G11, G18, G35 Keywords: tobacco settlement bonds, capital appreciation bonds, default, securitization Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703037 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OLATEJU EYITOPE OLAWUMI Author-Name-First: OLATEJU Author-Name-Last: EYITOPE OLAWUMI Author-Email: eyitope_olateju@yahoo.co.uk Author-Workplace-Name: FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION(TECH), AKOKA Title: ROLE OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING EDUCATION IN PROMOTING WOMEN EMPOWERMENT OPPORUNITIES IN LAGOS STATE NIGERIA Abstract: The present political dispensation in Nigeria requires that women should contribute to decision making in government. According to the Beijing Conference requirement every country that participated in the conference should reserve 30 percent of positions and office to women, but Nigeria, is yet to have 10 percent of women constitute a key resource whose ideas and ability can help bring about political economic and social transformation. This study therefore investigated the role of vocational training programmes in promoting women empowerment opportunities in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopted the survey research design with the population of 150 women who were about to graduate from various vocational training centres established by Lagos State Government. The major instrument used to collect data from the respondents was the questionnaire. Three research questions and one hypothesis were formulated to generate answers while chi-square (x2) statistical tool 'was used to test the null hypothesis stated for the study at 0.05 level of significance. The major findings of the study were that vocational training for women has helped in raising their economic status and has also given them the opportunity of contributing financially to their families? needs. It was recommended among others that organizers of training programmes for women should include skill training in planning decision making and management of resources in their programmes. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 203-203 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=035&rid=5134 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705134 Classification-JEL: A31 Keywords: VOCATIONAL TRAINING , WOMEN EMPOWERMENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, EDUCATIONAL, VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTRES. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ioan Fabian Author-Name-First: Ioan Author-Name-Last: Fabian Author-Email: fabianioan@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Scoala Gimnaziala \ Title: TEODOR NE? ?PEOPLE FROM BIHOR COUNTY? Abstract: The literary and cultural history of the Cri?ana Province discreetly preserves, in just a few autobiographical sources and a range of documents which have been passed down to us as an important part of our (Romanian) cultural heritage, the outstanding personality of a pioneer of Romanian journalism and of a great visionary of universal pedagogy, the writer, scholar and teacher Teodor Ne? (1891-1975). The first monograph of Cri?ana Province ?People from Bihor County, 1848-1918? (published in 1937) bears the signature of Bihor County teacher, Teodor Ne?.Teodor Ne? was a son of Bihor County by birth. He was an intellectual, an educator and a scholar who, starting from very humble social origins but achieving a much higher social position, made his presence felt in the tumultuous years between World War I and World War II in Transylvania and Romania. Through his efforts, he wanted to bring together in the pages of a book (as a kind of record or witness), important figures and inspirational personalities from a key historical period of Bihor County: writers, freedom fighters, founders of national publications, priests and bishops, teachers, and pedagogues, and so on. He wrote about their lives, achievements, struggles and battles. These people had to work hard and to survive the turmoil of political and socio-cultural events endangering their lives by accepting ostracism or even paying with their lives because of patriotic ideals that they sustained, promoted and disseminated. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 204-214 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=036&rid=5000 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705000 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: intellectual, scholar, educator, freedom fighter. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705000 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Prita Amalia Faiz Author-Name-First: Prita Amalia Author-Name-Last: Faiz Author-Email: prita_amalia@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculy of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran Title: The Indonesia's Implementation of Cape Town Convention 2001 Abstract: Pursuant to Article 38 paragraph I of the Statute of International Court of Justice, international convention constitutes one of the most important source of International Law. Ratification is a phase of international convention drafting which is relied on the state?s policy regarding the relation to international law and national law. In 2007, Indonesia ratified the Cape Town Convention 2001 through the President Decree No. 8 Year 2007. The adoption of International Law to National Law of a state will affect the national law of such state. Thus, it is important to observe the implementation of Cape Town Convention 2001 in Indonesia and its impact, whether its advantages or disadvantages to national law of Indonesia.This research uses normative juridical method with analysis descriptive approach. The research knowledge by primary, secondary, and tertiary sources and also discussing international convention especially concerning ratification of Cape Town Convention 2001 by Indonesia related to Law No. 1 of 2009.In Implementation the Cape Town Convention 2001, Indonesia had accommodated several provisions of the national law, among other things, the Law of Aviation 2009 and several implementing regulations i.e. Minister of Transportation Decree. Four essential matters which should be implemented related to international interest, priority right, and the remedy, the provision of international registration have not implemented yet by Indonesia. The ratification of Cape Town Convention 2001 and advantages the Indonesian aviation companies by having rate reduction from American Export Import Bank for the airplane trades, however the Indonesian aviation companies should be aware of such privilege in entering into the airplane procurement contracts due to the international interest therein, hence in the event of breach of contract, the creditor can withdraw the airplane by virtue of the international registration based on Cape Town Convention 2001. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 215-215 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=037&rid=5061 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705061 Classification-JEL: K30 Keywords: Cape Town Convention 2001, Implementation and Ratification, International Interest, International Registration Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705061 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: PRITA AMALIA FAIZ Author-Name-First: PRITA AMALIA Author-Name-Last: FAIZ Author-Email: prita_amalia@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: FACULTY OF LAW, UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN Title: THIRD PARTY IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION: INDONESIA PERSPECTIVE Abstract: Arbitration Agreement between the parties is the important sources of law in the arbitration proceeding, especially in International Commercial Arbitration. Arbitration Agreement, which could be made before and after the dispute, provide jurisdiction to the arbitral tribunal to settle the dispute. Traditionally, the arbitration agreement provide that only the parties in the agreement could be bound the arbitration proceeding. However, in commercial arbitration there is a circumstances, which has third party could be bound to arbitration proceeding. Indonesia has already arbitration law based on Law No. 30 Year 1999 in regard with Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. This law stipulate how is arbitration proceeding could be proceed in Indonesia, include third party issues in arbitration proceeding which is stipulate in Article 30. Commonly, how is third party could be bound the arbitration proceeding also regulate in Arbitration Rules of the Institutional Arbitration such as ICC with ICC Rules. Indonesia has Institutional Arbitration namely Indonesia National Board of Arbitration, which has BANI rules as Arbitration Rules. In Indonesia the arbitration proceeding also applies the Indonesia Procedural of Civil Law as a source.This article will discuss how is third party could be bound the arbitration proceeding in Indonesia, especially in regard with Commercial Arbitration. The discussion will examine number of issues. First, how is Indonesia Arbitration Law require the definition of third party in arbitration proceeding, compared with international convention or model law. Second, how is Indonesia Arbitration Law, especially Article 30 could be interpreted when there is third party would like to join the arbitration proceeding and how the regulation on Indonesia Procedural of Civil Law could be used to decide or consider third party in arbitration proceeding. This two issues need more elaboration, since Indonesia Arbitration Law has not give more explanation or sample case to explain this article. The result of discussion will be an input for Indonesia to amend the Arbitration Law. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 216-216 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=038&rid=4382 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704382 Classification-JEL: K39 Keywords: ARBITRATION AGREEMENT, THIRD PARTY, INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MANOJKUMAR GANDHI Author-Name-First: MANOJKUMAR Author-Name-Last: GANDHI Author-Email: dr.manojkumargandhi@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: JAYSINGPUR COLLEGE Title: Skilling India: An Indian Perspective in the Global Context Abstract: This comprehensive paper deals with the efforts made, recent trends in, and critical issues and challenges pertaining to Skill Development in India. This paper argues that development and articulation of a national policy on skill development is a matter of priority. A task of skill development has many challenges. This paper further argues that the skills and knowledge are the driving forces of economic growth and social development for any country. Countries with higher and better levels of skills adjust more effectively to the challenges and opportunities of world of work. This paper critically evaluates the concepts of ?graduateness? and ?employability? that have also been the subject of much recent debate. This paper also critically evaluates the claim made that developing these skills will enable students to become more effective learners and they are seen to be crucial to enhanced study skills, the personal development planning processes, and consequently to higher levels of attainment. This paper further argues that the students of Higher Education are not getting desired practical benefits of education. This is equally applicable to the students of technical education also. This paper elaborately discusses on the emerging trends in and efforts made and role being played by/on the part of all concerned in Skill Development in India. This paper suggests various modes, modalities, methods of the Industry and Academia Interaction, for better results in the endeavour of skills development initiatives for sustainable and inclusive growth and development of India?s economy. Length: 48 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 217-264 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=039&rid=4976 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704976 Classification-JEL: E24, J24, J69 Keywords: National Policy on Education, Skills Gaps and Needs of industries, Skill Development, Human development, Higher Education, UGC, Universities, Colleges, Industries, Industry-Academia Collborations, International Collborations, R& D. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704976 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MIRANDA GASHI Author-Name-First: MIRANDA Author-Name-Last: GASHI Author-Email: miranda1gashi@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA Title: FAMILY SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUSS AND DELINQUENCY AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PRISHTINA Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences among juveniles who demonstrate delinquent behaviours, across their parents? education background, the level of family income and their parents? employment status. A total of 372 juveniles of age 14-17 years participated voluntarily in the research. The Mean Age of the participants was MA=15.5 years (SD=1.12). 333 (89.5 %) of them live in Pristina and 39 (10.5%) of them live in a village. The study participants showed differences of statistical significance in the level of father?s employment (?2(1, N=372)=22.753, p=.000); mothers employment (?2(1, N=372)=46.839, p=.000); in father?s education background (?2(3, N=372)=233.699, p=.000); in mother?s education background (?2(3, N=372)=341.570, p=.000) and in the level of the monthly family income (?2(3, N=372)=26.022, p=.000). The Delinquency Scale of Wave II questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument. The Croanbach alpha coefficient (?) which was used to measure the internal consistency of the questionnaire, showed the value of.612. The T-test for independent groups and one-way ANOVA were used to verify potential differences across indicator variables. The findings showed that juveniles whose mother was unemployed demonstrated higher levels of delinquent behaviours in comparison to juveniles whose mother was employed. Father?s employment status and the education background of both parents showed no differences of statistical significance. The level of family income showed that children from families with an income level under 200 Euro/month reported higher levels of delinquent behaviours in comparison to children from families with monthly income of up to 350 Euro/month and families with income level over 500 Euro/month.The results reinforce the complex nature of the factors affecting the emergence of delinquent behaviours among juveniles, which should certainly be examined from their cultural perspective, as well. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 265-273 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=040&rid=4769 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704769 Classification-JEL: I19 Keywords: socio-economic status, juvenile, delinquent behaviour, differences Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704769 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Valerica Greavu-Serban Author-Name-First: Valerica Author-Name-Last: Greavu-Serban Author-Email: valy.greavu@outlook.com Author-Workplace-Name: Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Title: Detailed analysis of titles and short abstracts on cloud-computing research papers reachable on Google Scholar Abstract: Cloud computing has become a prevalent phenomenon in today computing industry. The evolution and trends of cloud computing inciting in the same extent, professionals, researchers, business, government institutions and common users. Generous web resources and literature is offering all those interested, details of the general concepts, developing and implementing models, detailed analysis of the functionalities and concrete aspects of security and privacy. This paper is based on a statistical research targeting titles and short abstracts for published articles related to cloud computing technologies available on Google scholar database. Main goal is to highlight the most common key concepts used to describe the research on cloud computing and to identify a research trend. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 274-274 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=041&rid=4693 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704693 Classification-JEL: A19, M14, C89 Keywords: Knowledge, web scraping, text mining, DataMiner, R Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704693 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Harantova Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Harantova Author-Email: xharm16@fm.vse.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Management, University of Economics, Prague Author-Name: Petr Svoboda Author-Name-First: Petr Author-Name-Last: Svoboda Author-Email: xsvop30@fm.vse.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Management, University of Economics, Prague Title: Brand Valuation Practices of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Czech Republic Abstract: A brand (respectively trademark) can become a valuable intangible asset of a company, if built and managed correctly. From a customer perspective, the brand grants a guarantee of quality and simultaneously, it represents a strong competitive advantage for a producer or a service provider due to the differentiation of their products and services. The primary objective of this paper is to clarify the valuation practices of small and medium enterprises (SME) in the Czech Republic, based on several case studies. The secondary objective of the article is to point out the valuation differences which arise when using different valuation methods. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 275-281 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=042&rid=4955 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704955 Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: Brand, Brand equity, Brand management, Brand value, Methods for brand valuation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704955 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Almaz Hasangizi Author-Name-First: Almaz Author-Name-Last: Hasangizi Author-Email: gunsel_gunsel@yahoo.co.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Folklore National Academy Sciences of Azerbaijan Title: The Traces of ?Koroghlu? Epos in World Folklore Abstract: Azerbaijanian emigrant folklore scholars in different countries of the world have done remarkable work in the collection, conservation, publication and popularization of the folklore samples which were either forbidden by the censorship or were falsely propogandized as a result of soviet ideology. Their scientific-theoretical researches cover all genres of the folk literature and as they were created in a liberal atmosphere, they differ with their objectivity and individualism from the researches done under the soviet pressure. ?Koroghlu? epos is most widespread epos for its popularity after ?Kitabi-Dada Gorgud? in Azerbaijanian folk literature; this epos about heroism has many different versions. ?Koroghlu was collected by Alexandor Xodzko, Polish who was working in Iran during 1830-1832 and published in English in London in 1842, after this it gained popularity in Western world. Afterwards the epos was translated to different languages and republished many times. Thus, the history of publishing of ?Koroghlu? epos is not very old. But, it is still the subject of research when the epos was created.Different reserches have been conducted on the history of its creation, main hero, other personages and etc. both in Azerbaijan and the wide geographical area where the epos was disseminated. The main protagonist Koroghlu, his battlefield friends, the time and place of its creation and etc.have been the subject of different researches. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 282-282 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=043&rid=5103 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705103 Classification-JEL: Z11 Keywords: folklore, Koroghlu, epos, emigration laiterture Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hasnanywati Hassan Author-Name-First: Hasnanywati Author-Name-Last: Hassan Author-Email: hasnanyhassan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Sains Malaysia Title: Virtual Design and Construction in Bidding Process Abstract: Construction projects involve a high degree of complex procurement processes. One essential stage is the bidding process, during which the amount of profit level is critically determined. Within this context, not only the profit is important but technical, human and conceptual skills are critical for bidders. The bidding process in the construction industry is characterized by the involvement of many different parties including the client, architectural and engineering firms, general contractors, specialized contractors, material suppliers, manufacturers, etc. Faced with the challenge of global competition, business leaders serious about running ethical and responsible businesses often have to be strategic and creative in the way they address bid responses and with a clear destination in mind for their organisation. This is especially the case for construction companies that aspire to be competitive and well-regarded players in the global economy beyond their own borders. These companies have to understand and effectively manage not just business risk, but need to demonstrate the willingness to advance industry innovation, aid in nation-building and deliver greater community capacity. Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) which is a visual representation of data, is increasingly being used to more effectively communicate complex or technical information to busy readers in a clear and concise way. Many benefits have been identified in implementing VDC and its uses of virtual models of product, organization and process to simulate the complexities of the construction project delivery. VDC understands the pitfalls the project teams are likely to encounter, to analyze these pitfalls and address them in a virtual world before any of the construction work ever takes place in the real world. The implementation of VDC in bidding process is expected to reduce these demands by improving the efficiency, speed and accuracy. It uses to integrate product, process and resource models of construction projects to support the construction planning in virtual environment. This paper explores strengths of VDC based on its usage in many countries, its execution through during bidding as well as suggestions on how VDC be able to act as an imperative tool in bidding practice in Malaysian construction industry?s stakeholders. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 283-290 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=044&rid=4579 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704579 Classification-JEL: O31 Keywords: Virtual Design and Construction, construction industry, bidding Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704579 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Maryam Havasel Author-Name-First: Maryam Author-Name-Last: Havasel Author-Email: armysailor2@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran Title: Effects of Psychological Factors in Life Abstract: Psychologists explore concepts such as perception, cognition, attention, emotion,intelligence, phenomenology, motivation, brain functioning, personality, behavior, and interpersonal relationships, including psychological resilience, family resilience, and other areas. Psychologists of diverse orientations also consider the unconscious mind.[5] Psychologists employ empirical methods to infer causaland correlational relationships between psychosocial variables. In addition, or inopposition, to employing empirical and deductive methods, some?especiallyclinical and counseling psychologists?at times rely upon symbolic interpretationand other inductive techniques. Psychology has been described as a "hub science", with psychological findings linking to research and perspectives from the social sciences, natural sciences, medicine, humanities, and philosophy. While psychological knowledge is often applied to the assessment and treatmentof mental health problems, it is also directed towards understanding and solving problems in several spheres of human activity. By many accounts psychology ultimately aims to benefit society. The majority of psychologists are involved in some kind of therapeutic role, practicing in clinical, counseling, or school settings. Many do scientific research on a wide range of topics related to mental processes and behavior, and typically work in university psychology departments or teach in other academic settings (e.g., medical schools, hospitals). Some are employed in industrial and organizational settings, or in other areas[9] such as human development and aging, sports, health, and the media, as well as in forensic investigation and other aspects of law. We will consider social factors of psychological problems in life through this paper. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 291-291 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=045&rid=4500 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704500 Classification-JEL: A30, A31, A32 Keywords: psychology, Factors, Life Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704500 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Zeinab M. H. Hendawy Author-Name-First: Zeinab M. H. Author-Name-Last: Hendawy Author-Email: zhendawy2010@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Menofia University Author-Name: M. A. El-Shorbagy Author-Name-First: M. A. Author-Name-Last: El-Shorbagy Author-Email: mohammed_shorbagy@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Menofia university Title: Combined Trust Region with Particle swarm for Multi-objective Optimisation Abstract: A novel approach is presented to solve multi-objective optimisation problems (MOOP).The algorithm combines the Trust Region (TR) algorithm with the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) method.The MOOP is converted to a single objective optimisation problem (SOOP) using weighted method and some of the points in the search space are generated. For each point, the TR algorithm is used to solve the SOOP to obtain a point on the Pareto frontier. All points obtained are used as particle position for PSO to get all the points on the Pareto frontier. The algorithm is tested using several bench mark problems and coded using MATLAB 7.2 which show successful result in finding a Pareto optimal set. Length: 19 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 292-310 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=046&rid=3860 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703860 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Multi-objective Optimisation- Trust Region Method- Particle Swarm Optimisation- Weighted Method Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703860 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Maimon Herawati Author-Name-First: Maimon Author-Name-Last: Herawati Author-Email: maimonh@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Journalism Studies, Communication Science Faculty Universitas Padjadjaran Title: CULTURAL CONSUMERS AS ?NEW CULTURAL INTERMEDIARIES?: INDONESIAN FEMALE STUDENTS AND HALLYU IN INDONESIA Abstract: South Korean?s Hallyu came to Indonesia more than a decade ago and still dictating the popular culture in Indonesia. This research aims to understand the behavior of Indonesian female students in consuming the Hallyu products, notably Korean dramas. Qualitative research method was conducted using depth interview and focus group discussion technique. Snowball sampling was chosen in order to examine wider Hallyu?s pop culture lovers. The lovers were categorized using George Gerbner?s into heavy, moderate, and light viewer. It is found that light and moderate viewers do not purchased Korean-related product in order to express their interest. On the contrary, heavy viewers are keen to purchase goods related to Korea. They are also very active in discussion at netcafe such as Soompi. The heavy viewers also acted as cultural intermediaries of Korean pop culture, who collect pop culture contents and offer them to other Korean pop culture lovers. However, few heavy viewers changed their pattern into becoming moderate and light viewers due to the repetitive content of Korean dramas. Another reason for the change is the uncomfortable feeling of watching ?public display affection? scenes as in recent Korean drama trend. As the cultural waves come and go, it is important to understand the waning interest of some audiences. In order to explore more, wider and deeper research is needed. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 311-311 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=047&rid=4940 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704940 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Hallyu, cultural intermediaries, cultural consumer, Indonesia Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704940 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yen-ju Hou Author-Name-First: Yen-ju Author-Name-Last: Hou Author-Email: yunju@ms.szmc.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Shu Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management Title: Reciprocal Teaching, Metacognitive Awareness, and Academic Performance in Taiwanese Junior College Students Abstract: This study was conducted to discover the effects of reciprocal teaching (RT) on metacognitive awareness and reading comprehension in junior college students. The Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) was used to identify metacognitive awareness, and the General English Proficiency Test (GEPT) was used to evaluate reading comprehension. Two reading courses with 77 students taught using RT were treated as the experimental group, and 30 students from a non-RT reading course constituted the control group. The results showed statistically significant differences in MAI scores (conditional knowledge and debugging strategy) and reading comprehension between the 2 groups. Although RT had a significant impact on only 2 out of 8 MAI scales, the experimental group had higher overall mean scores on the 8 MAI components than the control group. However, unlike RT, the MAI failed to have a statistically significant impact on enhancing students? reading scores. Thus, metacognitive awareness might affect text comprehension, but metacognitive awareness did not influence the levels of reading comprehension students achieved in this study. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 312-312 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=048&rid=3285 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703285 Classification-JEL: Keywords: reciprocal teaching, reading comprehension, metacognitive awareness, MAI Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Xueping Hu Author-Name-First: Xueping Author-Name-Last: Hu Author-Email: huxuepinggood@163.com Author-Workplace-Name: The School of Marxism ,Harbin Engineering University Title: From Conflict to Harmony?reflection of two dimensions of political democracy Abstract: Democracy means everyone is equal to exercise their rights and comply with their duty. the premise of it is everyone is equal this is also the nature of democracy and the connotation of democracy ideal. However, the result of people rule always runs counter to the pre-configured ends. And we couldn?t get the true equal easily in reality. There is a great gap between DID and democratic reality.Democracy has two dimensions, one is democratic institution (DIN) and the other is democratic ideal (DID). These two dimensions have been in conflict since the emergence of democracy in human history. The confliction will lead to the deviation of the purpose we want to get when to manage the society according to the democratic method. This article reflects the connotation of democratic ideal in the view of constructing people?s real relationship. It points out the hazard to break up DIN and DID and to seek a new accommodation with both of them. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 313-318 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=049&rid=3336 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703336 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: Democratic institution(DIN) ?Democratic ideal(DID), Conflict, Harmony Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: LI-FEI HUANG Author-Name-First: LI-FEI Author-Name-Last: HUANG Author-Email: lhuang@mail.mcu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Ming Chuan University Title: Jackknife-2 confidence regions for the ratio of two percentiles Abstract: In the wood industry, it is common practice to compare in terms of the ratio of the same strength properties for lumber of two different dimensions, grades or species. Because United States lumber standards are given in terms of population fifth percentile, and strength problems arised from the weaker fifth percentile rather than the stronger mean, the ratio should be expressed in terms of the fifth percentiles rather than the means of two strength distributions. Percentiles are estimated by order statistics. This paper uses small samples and large samples to construct Jackknife-1 and Jackknife-2 confidence intervals with covergage rate 1-?X for single percentiles, and compute confidence regions for ratio of percentiles based on confidence intervals for single percentiles. Small 1-?X is enough to obtain good coverage rates of confidence regions most of the time. This fact will be verified by simulation. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 319-319 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=050&rid=4968 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704968 Classification-JEL: C14, C15 Keywords: Strength of lumber, Ratio of percentiles, Jackknife-1 method, Jackknife-2 method, Confidence region. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704968 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yu-Wen Huang Author-Name-First: Yu-Wen Author-Name-Last: Huang Author-Email: lucky267@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Dept. of Transportation and Communcation Management Science, Institute of Telecom Management, National Cheng Kung University Title: 4G/LTE Mobile Broadband Competition and the Critical Role of Law and Regulation ? A Taiwan Case Study Abstract: Mobile broadband services play a key role of our daily communication, operation and entertainment. More than 393 4G/LTE networks have been commercially launched in 138 countries by March 2015 (GSA 2015). According to Vanson Bourne?s survey of 2014, six in ten UK organisations hope to harness the potential of the 4G coverage, but only one in ten orgnisations have already started making changes in recognition of 4G coming into place. Taiwan joins the high speed mobile broadband club with its 4G/LTE commercially launch in May 2014. This paper examines the mobile broadband service market in Taiwan, illustrating the development of Taiwan?s broadband market and its connection with the progress of digital convergence. It aims to draw a general picture of existing broadband market and how potential competition can be developed in responding to both market and legal viewpoints. This paper is based on four parts. The first part provides a brief introduction of Taiwan?s broadband market. The second part analyses Taiwan?s mobile broadband environment and its competition aspects, which include the dramatic 4G license auction in 2013 and the reshuffle of Taiwan?s existing mobile broadband market. The third part provides an initial analysis on the business strategies and market deployment of existing 4G/LTE operators, demonstrating the 4G operator?s efforts towards competition in a digital convergence era. The final part of this paper discusses the legal environment and regulatory issues in Taiwan, which includes on-going regulatory reform and recent legislative evolvement. The controversial licensing policy for 4G/LTE broadband and the hardship case of Taiwan?s Wi-MAX operators are also discussed in this section. This paper concludes with views which reflect remaining concerns and deficits in law and regulation in creating a competitive broadband market environment. These, above all, include reassessing regulatory control and market definition in a digital convergence epoch; accelerating regulatory reform in order to promote cross-sectorial competition and innovative service deployment. Last but not least, we strongly suggest that predictable and sustainable spectrum policy, law and enforcement are the key towards a flourishing mobile broadband service market. In this, it is critical for the regulator to take innovative thinking and a brave leap to create a healthy and competitive legal environment, so that the existing and prospective market players, as well as the end users can all benefit from. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 320-320 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=051&rid=5157 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705157 Classification-JEL: Keywords: 4G/LTE, Mobile Broadband Service, Digital Convergence, Regulatory Reform, Telecom Law and Regulation, Wi-MAX. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705157 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Maha Ijaz Author-Name-First: Maha Author-Name-Last: Ijaz Author-Email: maha.ejaz@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Lahore School of Economics Title: Research methodologies and publication trends in Credit Risk: A content analysis of 25 years of credit risk management research Abstract: Purpose: This paper investigates trends in the use of research methodologies and publications in Credit Risk management literature, classified into two broad themes; Credit risk measurement and credit risk pricing, across geographical regions and suggests potential future research opportunities.Methodology: This literature review is based on 140 subject relevant empirical quantitative articles published in peer reviewed journals and uses systematic content analysis as the primary method for data analysis. This review investigates a) developments in the use of research methodologies in terms of research design, types of baseline models, sample size, determinants of credit risk, statistical techniques and time horizon of studies, and b) publication trends in terms of authorship type, authorship collaboration, top journals and citation analysis.Findings: Recently, research in credit risk management has substantially moved from measurement of credit risk to pricing of credit risk. North America and Europe have consistently shown increasing research interest in the area. However, other regions of the world have not yet explored the area to its fullest potential. Significant opportunities and synergies exist for collaborative research among regions.Research limitations: Though the literature review is limited in its selection of articles, it sketches a picture that may surrogate whole research community in credit risk management.Practical implication: Trends in research methodologies and publications provide directions for designing future research projects relevant to various geographical regions of the world. This will help develop a meaningful understanding of credit risk management that is helpful for risk managers.Originality: This paper provides broader and deeper review of credit risk literature. Complex patterns in data are revealed using cross tabulations and advanced cross tabulations that have not been performed in previous content analysis based reviews in credit risk. These patterns will prove useful for designing future research avenues. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 321-321 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=052&rid=4360 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704360 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Research methodologies, Credit risk management, Credit risk measurement, Credit risk pricing, Publication trends, literature review. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yuriko Isada Author-Name-First: Yuriko Author-Name-Last: Isada Author-Email: yuriko@kwansei.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Kwansei Gakuin University Author-Name: Fumihiko Isada Author-Name-First: Fumihiko Author-Name-Last: Isada Author-Email: isada@kansai-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Kansai University Title: An empirical study about a diffusion of Automated External Defibrillator and social capital Abstract: The objective of this research is to clarify empirically about the relationship of a diffusion of a use of Automated External Defibrillator (AED) and social capital. AED is expected as a medical equipment for first-aid lifesaving activities by bystanders. And a large amount of public expense is supplied to an installation and training course of AED late years. On the other side, the opportunity for bystanders to actually use AED is rare. As the background, the problem about the consciousness of the ordinary citizen about a use of a medical equipment can be supposed. In this research, the hypothesis that rich social capital raise the consciousness to a use of AED was formed. As a methodology, the questionnaire to 1000 ordinary citizens was carried out. As a result of the survey, especially a social network, a reciprocal activity, and health consciousness are significantly correlated to a participation rate to a lifesaving training course, etc. Furthermore, they were raising the consciousness to the use of AED. In conclusion, the effort towards rich social capital is useful to improvement in the ratio of lifesaving by AED. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 322-322 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=053&rid=5051 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705051 Classification-JEL: I18, Z13, H00 Keywords: Automated External Defibrillator, Social capital, first-aid lifesaving, Bystanders Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705051 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Fumihiko Isada Author-Name-First: Fumihiko Author-Name-Last: Isada Author-Email: isada@kansai-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Kansai University Author-Name: Yuriko Isada Author-Name-First: Yuriko Author-Name-Last: Isada Author-Email: yuriko@kwansei.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Kwansei Gakuin University Title: Trans-nationalisation of a main office in a multinational firm Abstract: The purpose of this research is to prove quantitatively whether the transformation of the international business model of a Japanese multinational firm has influenced the trans-nationalisation and diversity in the main office in Japan. Moreover, it is proving quantitatively the influence of the management on the move-in region by trans-nationalisation and diversity of a Japanese main office. According to the previous research, it was traditionally one of the big traits of the personnel system of a Japanese multinational firm that trans-nationalisation of employment does not progress as compared with a European or American company. However, the consciousness of the top managers of a Japanese multinational firm is changing recently. The top managers of Japanese multinational firm recently faced the big transformation of the management environment that an emerging-countries market grows up rapidly, while the Gross Domestic Product of Japan fell to the third in the world. As a research methodology, a questionnaire was given to the multinational firms which has advanced to emerging countries. In conclusion, it was verified that trans-nationalisation of a main office has progressed because the international business model in the emerging countries of a Japanese firm converted. Moreover, it was verified that trans-nationalisation of a main office has promoted the relationship with various stakeholders in an emerging country as an effect on management. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 323-323 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=054&rid=4868 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704868 Classification-JEL: M16, M14, M10 Keywords: international business model, trans-nationalisation, Japanese multinational firm, emerging country, questionnaire Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704868 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Fauzia Jabeen Author-Name-First: Fauzia Author-Name-Last: Jabeen Author-Email: fauzia.jabeen@adu.ac.ae Author-Workplace-Name: Abu Dhabi University Author-Name: Mehmood Khan Author-Name-First: Mehmood Author-Name-Last: Khan Author-Email: mehmood.khan@adu.ac.ae Author-Workplace-Name: College of Business Administration, Abu Dhabi University Author-Name: Syed Zamberi Ahmad Author-Name-First: Syed Zamberi Author-Name-Last: Ahmad Author-Email: syed.ahmad@adu.ac.ae Author-Workplace-Name: College of Business Administration, Abu Dhabi University Title: Understanding the technology receptivity in higher education students in the UAE context Abstract: In contemporary society, the learning process is becoming a vital factor in business and socioeconomic growth. Education can play its role effectively if it is managed properly and is supported by technology. This study adopts the Technology Acceptance Model to investigate the acceptance and perception of technology usage amongst the local and expatriate students in the UAE context. The methodology used in this research is quantitative in nature. A survey study was conducted, which involved students from various faculties at one of the private university in United Arab Emirates. Purposive sampling technique was used to determine the sample size used for the study. Data were collected from a sample of students (n=236) who use blackboard system. A hypothesized model was developed through technology acceptance theory of Davis, from where hypotheses were postulated for the study. Regression and Structural equation modeling was used to ascertain the goodness of fit of the model of the study and to analyze all the hypotheses postulated therein. The findings follow the intuition that most of the factors studied affect students? satisfaction and retention positively and significantly. Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) comes out to be the strongest contributor of students? satisfaction. The analysis also shows that the level of satisfaction among students significantly impacts their retention to Blackboard and PeopleSoft. It was noticed that nationality does not impact students? satisfaction with this software. This paper emphasizes technology implementation and receptivity in higher education students. It makes tentative suggestions and recommendations on how policy makers might respond to current and future technology needs. Using the TAM model to predict satisfaction and retention rates within UAE education system, rather than using the regular quality factors, will contribute toward further understanding of how to build quality education. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), there has been a great emphasis on utilizing e-learning to complement traditional methods of teaching in universities, but with very little empirical research that examines students? attitudes toward the use of blackboard. This study provides an understanding of the technology receptivity in higher education students and can serve as a basis to encourage University management and its stakeholders for further improvement in this region. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 324-336 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=055&rid=3162 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703162 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: Technology Acceptance, Higher Education, United Arab Emirates Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Vladimir Jilkine Author-Name-First: Vladimir Author-Name-Last: Jilkine Author-Email: info@lawcenter.fi Author-Workplace-Name: Rigas Stradina University, Riga , Latvia Title: Implementation of the presumption of innocence principle in European Court of Human Rights and legal proceedings of Finland. Abstract: The presumption of innocence is considered by the European Court of Human Rights, not only as a principle of criminal justice, but also as a "concrete and real" defendant's right to be presumed innocent until the moment of procedural instance described by paragraph 2, article 6 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. A case procedure is based on the presumption of innocence and the interpretation of doubt in favour of the defendant, protects the suspect, meanwhile the officials authorized to conduct the preliminary investigation, are warned against voicing any allegations. Application of the presumption of innocence in Finland is regarded not only in criminal proceedings but also at a much wider spectrum - in tax, environmental, migration and commercial law. These cases are dealt with in the administrative and commercial courts.This article discusses examples for the application of presumption of innocence in the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court of Finland. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 337-337 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=056&rid=4529 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704529 Classification-JEL: K33, K14, K10 Keywords: international law, the presumption of innocence, the paradigmatic function of the case-law of the ECHR, the national courts of Finland. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704529 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: HANIM KAMARUDDIN Author-Name-First: HANIM Author-Name-Last: KAMARUDDIN Author-Email: hanim@ukm.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA Author-Name: CECEP AMINUDDIN Author-Name-First: CECEP Author-Name-Last: AMINUDDIN Author-Email: cecep@aminudin.info Author-Workplace-Name: BANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Title: Transboundary Haze Polluters and Accountability: The Legal Landscape in Indonesia and Malaysia Abstract: In the second last quarter of 1997, the haze experience affected many countries in South East Asia (SEA) particularly Indonesia and Malaysia. These countries became unwilling victims of slash and burn or burning activities for land clearing purposes carried out in their own forestlands, mostly by foreign vested agricultural companies and local farmers. The impacts of severe haze caused by manmade burning activities in these neighbouring countries at that particular time transcended both borders into other parts of SEA and resulted into economic losses and damages, loss of biodiversity and impacts on human health. It was alleged that agricultural companies that were mostly oil palm concessionaires had used fire as a tool to clear forests including peatland areas to transform the areas into readily planted areas despite the fact that Indonesia and Malaysia were well aware of the need for strict law enforcement. Implementation and changes in domestic laws of Indonesia and Malaysia since the 1997 haze occurrence had proved to be quite challenging in dealing with issues of local burning and prevention thereof. The enforcement to penalise foreign based companies in Indonesia and Malaysia is slow and plagued with issues related to alleged cronyism and corruption, lack of awareness and education, weaknesses in institutional framework and lack of political will. In addition, the penalties imposed are too low that it is insufficient to deter further acts of environmental pollution by these companies. Whilst these limitations hinders effective enforcement in both countries, incidences of forest fires leading to transboundary haze pollution becomes more imminent particularly between March to October each year. Hence, it is suffice to conclude that domestic laws have been insufficient to control and prevent transboundary haze from activities by foreign vested agricultural companies in Indonesia or Malaysia. As these companies have Indonesian or Malaysian interests that carry out agricultural activities in either countries, an external regulation should be explored to complement and support internal regulation in each country to ensure that the activities of these transnational companies are undertaken within the confines of environmental standards and ASEAN notion of cooperation. Thus, a legitimate legislative framework to impose and enforce internationally environmental standards recognised under human rights obligations upon the overseas activities of the plantation corporations incorporate within the host state?s territory may be feasible to imposing accountability to haze polluters in Indonesia and Malaysia. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 338-348 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=057&rid=4421 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704421 Classification-JEL: K32, Q53, K33 Keywords: haze, polluters, Malaysia, Indonesia, accountability, companies. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Karnowahadi Karnowahadi Author-Name-First: Karnowahadi Author-Name-Last: Karnowahadi Author-Email: karnojogja@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Administration, Semarang Polytechnic State (Polines) Author-Name: Indah Susilowati Author-Name-First: Indah Author-Name-Last: Susilowati Author-Email: indah-susilowati@rocketmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University (UNDIP) Author-Name: Purbayu Budi Santosa Author-Name-First: Purbayu Author-Name-Last: Budi Santosa Author-Email: purifada@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University (UNDIP) Title: ECONOMIC VALUATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE IN SURAKARTA CITY, CENTRAL JAVA-INDONESIA Abstract: Surakarta city has various types of cultural heritage, both physical and non-physical, and has a great potential in improving the tourism sector. Surakarta is located at the southern part of Central Java bearing economic functions as a surviving historic city of the country. Despite the great opportunities for cultural heritage in Surakarta, the city is currently facing threats of high traffic, excessive depletion of the natural environment in the city. This is due to underestimation on the market values of cultural heritage indevelopment decisions. Surakarta require an additional source of income for the maintenance and preservation of cultural heritage. The research of willingness to pay (WTP) of the visitor of the Surakarta cultural heritage is needed. Cultural heritage is something that must be preserved, because it is a public good that can carry the name of Surakarta city in the arena of world culture. The aim of this study is to estimate the economic benefit of cultural heritage in Surakarta city as the results would be able to provide insight to the value of this unique heritage society. The methods employed is contingent valuation method (CVM). The payment vehicle opted in this study is via accomodation, where a fixed heritage charge per night was included in the total accomodation bill in Surakarta. In CVM, the logit model was defined based on dichotomous choice method to estimate the WTP randomly with different starting bid value. A total of 225 respondents were interviewed in person, using random stratified sampling method. Utility preservation of cultural heritage Surakarta influenced by several factors, such as gender, age, level of visit frequent, type of work, and the amount of WTP. Gender, age, and type of work affect the utility respondent preservation of Surakarta cultural heritage is a significant positive. Level of visit frequent variable been negatively affect utility. WTP of respondents is greater than the status quo. Variable income, national origin, marital status, and education level influence the utility of Surakarta cultural heritage preservation is not significant. How to withdraw funds for the preservation of Surakarta cultural heritage can be done by adding to the hotel and restaurant taxes, adding to the ticket of admission, or added to the retribution. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 349-356 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=058&rid=4849 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704849 Classification-JEL: Keywords: economic-valuation, heritage, CVM, Surakarta Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704849 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nagehan Kaya Author-Name-First: Nagehan Author-Name-Last: Kaya Author-Email: nagehanky@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Author-Name: Zehra Künarc? Author-Name-First: Zehra Author-Name-Last: Künarc? Author-Email: z_ustek89@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pamukkale University Title: AHP and FAHP Decision Making Techniques with Application to Selection of Disaster Storage Location in Denizli Abstract: Earthquakes which happened in the world caused financial and emotional damages and these damages are closely associated with development level of a country. As a developing country, Turkey have lots of provinces which are situated in first-degree seismic zone. By virtue of this case in the last century there were 193 devastating earthquakes endangered Turkey with respect to economical. In 1999 in Golcuk, more recently in Van and Simav there were massive earthquakes have been affected region and all of Turkey. After these devastating earthquakes, the emerging scene worsened with defects which dealt with aid services. Experiences were the most striking example during the distribution of basic aids about clothing, blankets, tents etc. on the grounds that suitable disaster storage location didn?t selected. Denizli province in Turkey is located in the first-degree earthquake zone. This study will propose solution suggestion in order to prevent the defects encountered partially in previous earthquakes during a possible earthquake for Denizli. The aim of the study is minimize defects after the earthquake and ensure distribution of aid material squarely to disaster victims with solution suggestion. In this research, for the disaster storage location selection, criterias will be determined with expert opinion and this storage will be used to minimize defects after the earthquake and ensure distribution of aid material squarely to disaster victims. As a method to determine aid distribution point in Denizli and help to collect aids, by considering criterias such AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) and FAHP(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) multi-criteria decision making approachs will be used. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 357-357 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=059&rid=4637 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704637 Classification-JEL: Q50 Keywords: Earthquake, Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach, Denizli, AHP, FAHP Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704637 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Bilal Khan Author-Name-First: Bilal Author-Name-Last: Khan Author-Email: bilalmkhan@outlook.com Author-Workplace-Name: Lahore School of Economics Author-Name: Toqueer Akhtar Author-Name-First: Toqueer Author-Name-Last: Akhtar Author-Email: syedtoqueer.research@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Lahore School of Economics Author-Name: Toqueer Akhtar Author-Name-First: Toqueer Author-Name-Last: Akhtar Author-Email: syedtoqueer.research@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Lahore School of Economics Author-Name: Toqueer Akhtar Author-Name-First: Toqueer Author-Name-Last: Akhtar Author-Email: syedtoqueer.research@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Lahore School of Economics Title: An Assessment into the Risk Factors in Inter-Temporal Sustainability of Cropping Sector: Findings of A Survey In Pakistan Abstract: This paper aims to determine the Inter-Temporal situation of Pakistan?s Agricultural sector while assessing the Risk factors in both, past and current time-periods using a Cross-Sectional setting. A lot of other previously published papers do not discuss the inter-temporal effects on sustainability; instead they talk about policy changes and using a secondary research. It also accounts for the role, involvement and the need for further involvement of government into this sector, taken on an ordinal scale as measure in econometric models. The paper also looks into the intent of subsistence to commercialized farming, accounting for all the factors affecting and or supporting them. Few of the main important questionnaire sections that aided in the write-up and model development are; Production, Incomes, Sales, Inputs and Food Reserves, use of technology in Operations and Government policies to Support Agriculture in Pakistan. Using advance econometric models, such as Tobit Regression model, thus, the conclusions are made alongside policy improvement suggestions, choices for risk aversion methods, diversification within this sector and techniques to empower Pakistan?s agricultural sector. However, both the models indicate and point towards sustainability criteria, provided proper agricultural development policies are undertaken. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 358-371 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=060&rid=4906 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704906 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Industrialization, De-industrialization, Sustainable Development, Green Revolution, Structural Transformation, Export Led Growth, Government Intervention, Market Integration, Policy Uncertainty, Policy Risks, Tobit Regression and Risk Aversion Techniques. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704906 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Farheen Khan Author-Name-First: Farheen Author-Name-Last: Khan Author-Email: farheenk121@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY Author-Name: SHAMIM AHMAD Author-Name-First: SHAMIM Author-Name-Last: AHMAD Author-Email: sahmad.ag@amu.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY Title: A Study of Green Marketing Practices in the Food Processing Industry of India Abstract: : Green marketing initiatives focus on the values and efforts that various companies incorporate into their marketing portfolio. The practice is driven by environmentally-conscious-consumers, who demand eco-friendly, healthy and sustainable products and services from organizations that they perceive to be socially-responsible and do business with. This article analyses the green marketing process and practices prevalent in the food industry of India. Green marketing, along with greening the product and the firm by converting the 4Ps (price, product, promotion and place) of marketing into 4Ps of green marketing, involves a careful understanding of consumer preferences and purchase decision process. An in-depth review of the recent literature indicates that most of the aspects of green marketing align synergistically with the framework in the developed nations and, though it may appear to lag behind momentarily, it is catching-up quickly among Asian countries, including India. With the conscious-consumer at the helm, green marketing is increasingly viewed as a relevant marketing strategy in India towards sustainable development of the food industry. A questionnaire-based survey method was used for the data collection from food companies in India. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and made use of other statistical tools and evaluations as well.The data presented in this study was also drawn from the World Bank repository of food processing companies of India. In India, the demand for environmentally-safe and green food products has been at the lower level, as the consumers perceive these options to be expensive and not offering much special benefits to them. In the long-term, both the consumers and the food processing industry stand to benefit greatly from such green marketing initiatives and awareness but the policies and strategies need to be formulated and implemented accordingly. This article recommends that the Government of India and various business organizations work together to adjust and promote the marketing elements to Indian consumers so as to increase the acceptance, accessibility and affordability of the green products. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 372-372 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=061&rid=4456 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704456 Classification-JEL: M39, Q01, Q13 Keywords: Green Marketing Practices, Green Products, Food Processing Industry, Sustainable Development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704456 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jaisang Kim Author-Name-First: Jaisang Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: jsbiz14@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sungkyunkwan University Title: Synergy effect of M&A Heterogeneity and Alliance Homogeneity on stock market Abstract: Since Merger and Acquisition (M&A) and Strategic Alliance have been regarded as essential parts of successful strategies for profitable growth till date, none of previous researches investigated stock market?s response toward the synergy effect of M&A strategy and Strategic Alliance from the perspective of behavioral economics?more precisely?prospect theory. Therefore, by examining the synergy effect of M&A and Strategic Alliance and applying ?prospect theory? to stock price response, the goal of our research is to empirically test unconventional responses of stock market and ?synergetic relation? between M&A and Strategic Alliance. By doing so, this research will prove that two strategies can work together for better performance in the stock market. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 373-380 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=062&rid=5111 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705111 Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: Synergy effect ,Merger and Acquisition (M&A), Strategic Alliance, portfolio theory, prospect theory, loss aversion. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sun Hyoung Kim Author-Name-First: Sun Hyoung Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: sh880406@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Yonsei University Author-Name: . . Author-Name-First: . Author-Name-Last: . Author-Email: . Author-Workplace-Name: . Title: Public enterprises? organizational effectiveness Abstract: New Public Management from 1970s have impacted Korea to enhance the number of public institutions. Approximately, the government facilitates more than 300 public institutions and their budgets are 31% of GDP, which surpasses the government allocated budget (Government Innovation Decentralization Committee, 2007). According to Public Institution Management Information System (ALIO), the total number of employees of public enterprises, quasi-government institutions, and public institutions have exceeded 260,000 as of April of 2015, illustrating the continual growth. Therefore, general interest on public institutions climbed significantly while its achievement and management are critically profusely analyzed (DakungKim, 2014; DakungKim?TeahoEm, 2013; MineunYu, 2012; SunaePark?HeesunLee, 2013; DongsukOk, 2010). Public institutions, i.e. public enterprises, existed in midriff of the government administration organization, including private enterprises. Due to its specific placement, public institutions operated to attain great profits in parallel with public goods (Dimock, 1961; Robson, 1960). Unlike state organizations and private enterprises, public enterprises are intertwined with various interest parties. Not only are they restricted from the central-local government?s management, evaluation, and inspection but also have limited discretion in regards to registration and controlled budget while fulfilling the obligation to receive outstanding evaluations from the general public. Due to the dynamic role of manufactures and conveyances, public enterprises need to maintain the inter-dependence relationship with the indispensable participants of the government such as the President, National Assembly, supervisors, inspectors and evaluating institutions, while putting into consideration its consequences on press and general public (DakungKim, 2014).Inevitably issues appear as each interest party has contradictory preferences and expectations hence the organizations struggle to undertake conflicting demands (Pfeffer and Salancik, 1978; Freeman, 1984). If organizations fail to comprehend the complexity of the internal and external aspects of the interest parties, defilements might occur which will eventually blemish the organizations? success and effectiveness (Romzek and Dubnick, 1987). Therefore, impeccable comprehension of the overall dynamic structure of each interest party?s expectations/demands and impact on the organization evaluation is essential to ensure favorable outcomes. Moreover, this analysis will advocate the systematic strategies to improve the effectiveness of the organizations. However, implications of discussion relevant to interest parties are often neglected to scrutinize the evaluation of public enterprises? accomplishment and its effectiveness. This research will critically investigate the organizational effectiveness of public enterprises. Specifically, utilization of interest parties approach on a varying organizational effectiveness models, considering the groups? profits to suggest applicable policy implications. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 381-381 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=063&rid=4875 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704875 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Public enterprise, Organizational effectiveness, Stakeholder Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704875 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Kingsley Author-Name-First: Paul Author-Name-Last: Kingsley Author-Email: Paul.Kingsley@liverpool.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Liverpool / Laureate Online Education Title: Orwell's 1984 and the Dangers of Constructing the World Abstract: Educational constructivists maintain that knowledge is constructed by students as they learn. Sometimes this involves a weakening of the epistemological claim that knowledge involves discovering facts about an independent reality. In the terminology of Immanuel Kant, we are claimed to have access to phenomena or appearances, but not to things in themselves. This approach is closely linked to Husserl?s belief that objects must be ?for? some consciousness, and the early Wittgenstein?s view that the self is not part of the world. All of these views place a great deal of emphasis on the notion of a disembodied consciousness that somehow constructs the world it perceives. They tend to weaken our belief in an independent world about which we can have objective knowledge. Is this a mere philosophical quibble of no practical importance? Does it really matter?George Orwell, in his novel, 1984, introduces his unlikely hero, Winston Smith. He asks the question, ?If both the past and the external world exist only in the mind, and if the mind itself is controllable what then?? Smith?s tormentor, O?Brien, eventually supplies the answer. ?But I tell you, Winston, that reality is not external. Reality exists in the human mind, and nowhere else. Not in the individual mind, which can make mistakes, and in any case soon perishes: only in the mind of the Party, which is collective and immortal. Whatever the Party holds to be the truth, is truth. It is impossible to see reality except by looking through the eyes of the Party.? In short, the state engages in fabrications which are an extreme form of knowledge construction. Just once, Smith held in his hand absolute proof that the state had lied. He comes to see this mind-independent evidential challenge as the most radical kind of threat to a totalitarian state. Orwell outlines a situation where the distinction between constructing and discovering knowledge does matter. If important issues are at stake, we must take the greatest care before making claims that our knowledge is constructed. I shall argue that Kant, Husserl, and Wittgenstein conducted thought experiments with flawed research designs. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 382-382 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=064&rid=4055 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704055 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: constructivism, Orwell, 1984, Kant, non Glasersfeld, truth, realism, Husserl, Peirce, Ingarden Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704055 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mayanggita Kirana Author-Name-First: Mayanggita Author-Name-Last: Kirana Author-Email: kiranamayanggita@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University (UNDIP) Author-Name: Indah Susilowati Author-Name-First: Indah Author-Name-Last: Susilowati Author-Email: indah-susilowati@rocketmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University (UNDIP) Title: An Exit Strategy to Resolve Waste Water Pollution from Batik Industry along the Watershed of Pekalongan River, Indonesia Abstract: Pekalongan municipality lies in the west-northern part of Central Java, it is considered as one of the biggest herritage of batik (a uniques textile printed) industry of Java since long time ago and till now.This textile industry of batik operates in small- to large-scales. Many of batik industry to get rid of their waste water directly to the ditches and at last flow to Pekalongan river. In fact, Pekalongan river as a part of watershed of Kali Kupang is stream down to Java sea passing the regency and municipality of Great Pekalongan. The main problem encountered in managing Pekalongan river since the last decade is heavy liquid waste pollution from batik industry. This is due to incomplete compliance of industry and less committment from other stakeholders for zero-waste conception. Many efforts had have been put on managing the Pekalongan river from technical aspect. However, it is remain ineffective to reduce the pollution which is shared mostly by the community and batik-makers. People are perceived that uncleaned water of Pekalongan river is becoming an indicator of spin over economic activities of textile industry. It is a big dilemma between economic and environment choice. The study aimed to formulate a blue print strategy for river-and-estuaries management using social enginering to empower stakeholders in the study area. This research employed purposive sampling to collect the data from households, entrepreneurs, and key-persons/ informants. In-depth interview and FGD were carried out, accordingly. This study applied a mix-method of quantitative method, such as institutional analysis and economic valuation method; and the qualitative ones to outline the strategy of stakeholders? empowerment. The results indicated that in the long-run co-management approach - among the responsible stakeholders along the river-and-estuaries resources - will shed a light for better management scheme for the study area. However, in the short-run, people tend to be more realistic to fall their choice more on economic consideration. Therefore, it is indeed need a social-engineering strategy to romance the stakeholders awareness to promote the sustainable resource management for river-and-estuaries. This study suggested that sooner or later, empowerment of the A-B-G-C stakeholders is becoming the most important agenda to manage river-and-estuaries resourcefor last for long Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 383-383 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=065&rid=4851 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704851 Classification-JEL: Keywords: pollution, batik, river, Pekalongan, Indonesia Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704851 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: KASEM KUNASRI Author-Name-First: KASEM Author-Name-Last: KUNASRI Author-Email: noom.kasem@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Author-Name: SOMBAT SINGKHARAT Author-Name-First: SOMBAT Author-Name-Last: SINGKHARAT Author-Email: sombatcmru@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Title: Efficiency and Technology Gap Ratio of Lending Performance of Micro-credit Institutions in Thailand: The Meta-frontier Analysis Abstract: Many types of state initiated micro-credit institution have been established in Thailand with the primary principle of extending low cost loans to low income individuals so as to eventually help improve their quality of life. However, these micro-credit institutions still have varying degree of operational drawbacks from the absence of supportive structure to ensure organizational sustainability and the lack of efficient and effective credit management systems as they have to function under the framework of specific act by which they are institutionalized. The present endeavor employed meta-frontier concept for determining technology gap ratio and lending efficiency of microcredit institutions operating under different organizational rules and regulations as well as credit management methods with the focus on agricultural cooperatives (AC), village funds (VF), and production-oriented savings groups (PSG). The needed data were collected from 600 samples of such micro-credit organizations. Meta-frontier efficiency scores were found to be different at 0.01 statistically significant level. The group having the highest average score of efficiency is agricultural cooperative (0.6116), followed by village fund (0.4370) and production-oriented savings group (0.4119), respectively. In terms of technology gap ratio, there are differences at 0.01 statistically significant level. The agricultural cooperative group has the highest score at 94.71% whereas the village fund group has the lowest score, 60.93%. The technology gap is a function of optimal group size and different lending systems, i.e., the agricultural cooperatives give on loans under the amount of share capital constraint but the village funds allocate credit for each borrower equally. The findings of this study have led to a recommendation concerning the increase in optimal group size, especially to sub-district level, because size and operational environment can contribute to efficiency enhancement. Moreover, government agencies should change their roles from providing funds to promoting community self-reliance. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 384-396 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=066&rid=4694 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704694 Classification-JEL: G21, G29, A10 Keywords: Meta-frontier; technology gap ratio; micro-credit institutions Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704694 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jieun Kwon Author-Name-First: Jieun Author-Name-Last: Kwon Author-Email: jk3470@snu.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Seoul National University, School of Business Author-Name: So Yoon Kim Author-Name-First: So Yoon Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: so.kim.6@bc.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Boston College, Lynch School of Education Title: The Effect of Posture on Stress and Self-Esteem: Comparing Contractive and Neutral Postures Abstract: A study on the effect of contractive posture was conducted in a laboratory setting. Following the previous literature on posture studies, this study examined the negative effects of contractive posture on task performance and confidence. This study modified the methodological errors made in previous studies by comparing the contractive posture effect to the neutral posture effect, rather than the power posture effect. The results revealed that contractive posture has negative effects on self-challenging behavior creativity, and immediate stress, specifically by inducing self-depreciative thoughts. On the other hand, posture was not found to affect relatively stable characteristics such as intelligence level, self-esteem, and life-satisfaction scores. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 397-404 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=067&rid=5176 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705176 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Power posture, Posture Effect, Contractive Posture, Confidence, Creativity, Self-Challenge, Intelligence, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705176 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Seung Koo Lee Author-Name-First: Seung Koo Author-Name-Last: Lee Author-Email: hatitati@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kangwon National University Author-Name: Renuka Newpaney Author-Name-First: Renuka Author-Name-Last: Newpaney Author-Email: suluvisu@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kangwon National University Title: A Study on Causal and Serious Leisure Constraints, Motivation and Skill Comparison Abstract: This study explored the three major factors that effect the participation such as, motivation, constraints and skill. The purpose of this study was three fold. First, to observe the differences that could exist between the participants of serious and casual leisure while participating frequently in an activity. Secondly, to find the new inventory group that could exist in the field of tourism leisure participation. Thirdly, to examine the relation among casual, moderate and serious leisure participation and to relate with willingness to participate in frequent leisure activities. The descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test and regression were conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Science Software Program (SPSS) 21.0. While this study has contributed to our understanding that there were no differences existed between serious leisure or casual leisure participants in case of frequent leisure participation. In addition, there were no direct relation between motivation and constraints. These two variables showed negative or positive significant relationships with skill in all the three groups (casual, moderate and serious) of leisure activity. Further analysis proved that the motivation have indirect relationship with constraint. In case of frequent participants in particular activity, participants who perceives higher level of motivation showed less constraints to take part. This result further revealed that "challenging activities", was the strongest motivation variable, which tend to develop the skill and positively relate with moderate leisure(less serious and high casual leisure group). However, the casual leisure group showed negative relationship between cost constraint and skill (experience) which is not fit to our hypothesis. This study adds to our understanding that the motivation help to develop skill which further tend to negotiate the cost constraints of frequent participants. Results from this study also confirmed significant positive relationship of Willingness to Participate with ' Extrinsic Motivation' and ' Skill by Experience' and negative correlation with 'Skill by Knowledge' and 'Intrapersonal Constrains'. It further indicate that participants were more willingness to participate in an activity if they develop their skill through more participation. In addition, the frequent participants were well known about the situation and type of activity they participate and found higher interpersonal constraint for willing to participate in more risk taking activities. This study addresses that the moderate leisure and overall group face similar indirect relation between Motivation and Constraints. The moderate group (combined group) better fit to the model than any other groups of participants. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 405-405 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=068&rid=4520 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704520 Classification-JEL: L83 Keywords: Leisure, Constraint, Motivation, Skill Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704520 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nisachon Leerattanakorn Author-Name-First: Nisachon Author-Name-Last: Leerattanakorn Author-Email: nisa.aom@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Maejo University Title: Green consumer behavior: Chiang Mai Thailand Abstract: For several decades, environmental consciousness has been highlighted. Such many consumers have been progressively participate in green activities and tend to be green consumers. A survey was adopted and sampling of 1,200 consumers who purchased green products or eco-friendly products in Chiang Mai, Thailand. This paper focuses on the segmentation of consumers into five shades; lifestyle of health and sustainability, neutralities, drifter, conventional and unconcern group based on their buying behavior and psychographic toward green consumption by applying cluster analysis. The different characteristics, purchasing patterns and awareness of environment of each segment of green consumer has been analyzed. Moreover the result from multiple regression analysis indicates that both demographic and psychographic-behavior variables are significant factors influencing degree of green consumption Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 406-422 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=069&rid=4658 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704658 Classification-JEL: A10 Keywords: Green Consumer, Green Consumption, Market Segmentation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704658 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Xiao Lei Author-Name-First: Xiao Author-Name-Last: Lei Author-Email: sora_0920@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies, Waseda University Title: The Ways of Being Single: An ethnography of well-educated Japanese single women in urban area Abstract: The literature on traditional middle-class Japanese families has found that men are socialized to become the breadwinner, while Japanese women are socialized to become good wives and wise mothers. Family consisting of a salary man and professional housewife is seen as the ?standard family?. During the post war period, it was common for Japanese women to quit their jobs after married in order to support the family. However, the tendency of establishing a ?standard family? and women`s decision to marriage has changed since the Japan`s economic depression in 1990s. In 1990, 13.9 percent of women aged 30-34, 7.5 percent of women aged 35-39, and 5.8 percent of women aged 40-44 were single. In 2010, the proportion of single women in each age cohort increased to 34.5, 23.1, and 12.6 percent (S?musho t?keikyoku, 2010). Along with this, the average age at first marriage in Japan has been increasing over the decades. Until 1980, the first marriage for women was in their early 20s, but recently in 2013, it?s at 29.3 years old for women and 30.9 years for men (S?musho t?keikyoku, 2013). In this research I wanted to understand Japanese single women?s life from their own perspectives. My research questions are:(1)What dose marriage mean to Japanese single women? (2)As single, how do they deal with their daily life? (3)How do they view the future in particular the life in old age? How do they prepare for it?My methodology is in-depth, semi-structured interviews of a sample of Japanese single women. I`ve interviewed a total of 38 single in Tokyo and Kansai area including Kyoto and Osaka. This research found that single women in 30s tend to have a positive attitude toward marriage. On the other hand, some women mentioned that marriage is not a necessity. Working as a regular employee is valued by single women for it?s usually associated with stable income and benefit. Besides work, single women are doing different kinds of hobbies for leisure with the purpose of keeping healthy or refreshing. This research argues that single women are single by choice. Despite of the uncertainty about the future, they generally perceived themselves as ?happily single?. However, traditional gender roles and notion is entrenched. Salary man and professional housewife model continues its influence on women?s perception/expectation on marriage. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 423-423 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=070&rid=4836 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704836 Classification-JEL: Keywords: postponed marriage, Japanese single women, lifestyle Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704836 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tsang Lang Liang Author-Name-First: Tsang Lang Author-Name-Last: Liang Author-Email: Ietll@cc.ncue.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Hsiuping University of Science & Technology Author-Name: Tsung-min Liu Author-Name-First: Tsung-min Author-Name-Last: Liu Author-Email: Liu0615@yahoo.com.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Hsiuping University of Science & Technology Author-Name: Rong-feng Wu Author-Name-First: Rong-feng Author-Name-Last: Wu Author-Email: liang0615@yahoo.com.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Hsiuping University of Science & Technology Author-Name: Yu Gi Chao Author-Name-First: Yu Gi Author-Name-Last: Chao Author-Email: Chao811@cc.ncue.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Changhua University of Education Title: Principals? Leadership Behaviors Related to Teachers? Professional Development: The Mediating Effects of Teachers? Self-directed Learning Abstract: This study determines the relationship affect between senior and vocational high school principals? leadership behaviors and teachers? performance of professional development and investigates the mediating effect of teacher self-directed learning. The population of this study was the 75,520 teachers in vocational high school. And the sampling technique was stratified sampling. The participants were teachers in public and private senior and vocational high schools, including 304 teachers in public school and 335 teachers in private school. The sample included 10 senior high schools (including five public and five private schools) and 10 vocational high schools (including five public and five private schools). The results showed that public school principals? transformational leadership behaviors and private school principals? transactional leadership behaviors were positive with teachers? performance of professional development, and particularly, teachers? self-directed learning had complete mediating effects. Transformational or transactional leadership behaviors enhance teachers? self-directed learning willingness and promote their performance of professional development in public and private high schools. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 424-424 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=071&rid=4741 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704741 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: Transformational leadership; Transactional leadership; Self-directed learning; Professional development. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704741 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chun-wen Lin Author-Name-First: Chun-wen Author-Name-Last: Lin Author-Email: linchunwenellen@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Teacher Education Center, National Chiayi University Author-Name: Min-Chuan Sung Author-Name-First: Min-Chuan Author-Name-Last: Sung Author-Email: audreymcs@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Education, University of Macau Title: Taiwan In The Spain History Textbooks And Vice Versa Abstract: There are diverse approaches to peace building, and among them is international education, of which informed international understanding is the cornerstone. It goes without saying that when it comes to that understanding, a non-nationalist history textbook has to be developed first, for in a sense, history textbooks tell young people who they are and who others are and by so doing imply how to cope with these others. With that in mind, I explore how my country Taiwan has been (mis)understood in international history textbooks, and how the other country depicted in ours. The research results will serve as a stepping stone for future history textbook writing, if not international joint textbook construction. I have undertaken a 2-year research project examining Spain high school history textbooks to see how Taiwan has been described, and the preliminary findings go as the follows, which needs further analyses if more meaningful implications are to be drawn.1.Although Taiwan was once a colony of Spain, it was not recognized as such in the textbooks. 2.Taiwan was not dealt with as an independent subject; it only appeared in juxtaposition with The Communist China. 3.Taiwan seemed to have existed as the Republic of KMT. The democratization since the mid-70s was not mentioned.And now the investigation goes to how Spain has been delineated in Taiwan history textbooks. Upon its completion, the comparison of the two countries will be made through a post-colonialist lens. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 425-425 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=072&rid=4622 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704622 Classification-JEL: I21, I29 Keywords: Taiwan, Spain, history textbooks, post-colonialism Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704622 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alice (Hsin-Ying) Lin Author-Name-First: Alice (Hsin-Ying) Author-Name-Last: Lin Author-Email: alice_lin@hotmail.co.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Foreign Languages and Literature Title: ?That puts it not unto the Touch, To win or lose it all?: The Moral Metaphor of Witchcraft in John Buchan´s Novel Abstract: The essay explores how John Buchan uses a cultural gap between the disciplined church world and the living-conditions of peasants in Woodilee to raise questions about the knowledge of evil in seventeenth-century Scotland. Published in 1927, when Scotland was not prepared to cope with a politico-religious struggle between King Charles I and Parliament during the English Civil War (from 1644 to 1646), Witch Wood depicts how a young Presbyterian minister, David Sempill, witnesses the pretences and prejudices of three other church elders. The novel depicts how the seventeenth-century Scottish church interprets the concept of evil and convicts its members of witchcraft, focusing on the controversial relationship between nature and morality. This essay will explore how several of Buchan?s more negative political-religious characters lead to the eventual banality of domestic evil within the Scottish church; furthermore, it will point out the ironic moral contrast between the speculations and deeds of the Church?s Chief Elder Chasehope and the secular farmer Shillinglaw. This essay ultimately offers observations, on a somewhat more speculative level, in relation to the novel?s discourse concerning unorthodox, if not Christian, interpretations of evil, using manifestation of several convincing representatives of human nature. It questions whether witchcraft should be recognized as a phenomenon of the human impulse towards natural worship, or as a ritual with evil motive. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 426-426 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=073&rid=5188 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705188 Classification-JEL: Keywords: John Buchan; Witch Wood; witchcraft; evil; nature and morality Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705188 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Saralta Lipóczi Csabai Author-Name-First: Saralta Author-Name-Last: Lipóczi Csabai Author-Email: lipoczine.sarolta@tfk.kefo.hu Author-Workplace-Name: University Ludwigsburg (INTACT Project) Author-Name: Ildikó Szabó Author-Name-First: Ildikó Author-Name-Last: Szabó Author-Email: balazsne.ildiko@tfk.kefo.hu Author-Workplace-Name: Kecskemét College Title: BILINGUAL AND INTERACTIVE EDUCATION ACROSS CULTURES THROUGH THE INTACT PROJECT Abstract: The use of ICT in European Schools has increased over the last decade but there is still room for improvement. [1] ?Incorporating mobile learning into educational activities adds additional value for the learning programms provided by higher educational institutions.?[2] Theachers from 6 universities from Europe are working as a consortium in a 3 year-project and develope teaching materials for bilingual, interactive education in the INTACT Comenius Project. INTACT project brings together experts from different areas of the education and teachers in secondary and primary schools to develop a variety of pedagogically qualitative interactive teaching and learning resources. Kecskemét College as a partner of INTACT project is involved in the join work and has developed two teaching and learning resources in the area of foreign language teaching. This article introduces the project - based on materials, they was already presented correlate with the prosess of the implementation of the project. [3] Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 427-433 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=074&rid=5301 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705301 Classification-JEL: Keywords: bilingual educational settings, international cooperation, interactive teaching and learning resources Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hui Liu Author-Name-First: Hui Author-Name-Last: Liu Author-Email: liqiong_scu@163.com Author-Workplace-Name: Military Economics Academy Title: The Realistic Choice of Realizing Economic Security in China --Based on the View of Expansion of Domestic Demand Abstract: While poor and weak economy is the greatest insecurity, economic security is the fundamental, key and kernel part of a nation?s comprehensive security. First and foremost, economic security is a domestic issue, and insufficient domestic demand is the most serious economic problem in China. Expansion of domestic demand is of realistic significance to the solution of current contradiction of supply and demand, realization of sustainable development, and maintenance of the economic security in China. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 434-443 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=075&rid=4683 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704683 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Economic Security; Expansion of Domestic Demand; Consumption and Investment Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704683 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Darko Loncaric Author-Name-First: Darko Author-Name-Last: Loncaric Author-Email: dloncaric@uniri.hr Author-Workplace-Name: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Teacher Education Author-Name: Sanja Tatalovi? Vorkapi? Author-Name-First: Sanja Author-Name-Last: Tatalovi? Vorkapi? Author-Email: sanjatv@ufri.hr Author-Workplace-Name: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Teacher Education Author-Name: Renata ?epi? Author-Name-First: Renata Author-Name-Last: ?epi? Author-Email: renata@ufri.hr Author-Workplace-Name: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Teacher Education Title: Pattern Approach to Coping with School Failure for Better Learning Outcomes: Reconsidering Relationships between Coping, Personality, Self-Esteem and Test Anxiety Abstract: This study investigates personality-coping relationship through pattern approach to coping with school failure. Students using different patterns of coping when confronted with an academic stressor were described with respect to their scores on extraversion, neuroticism, test anxiety and self-esteem scales.The sample consisted of 436 Croatian elementary school students (214 girls and 222 boys, mean age 12.72). Data regarding the students? sex and age were collected in addition to coping scales, and measures of extroversion, neuroticism, test anxiety and self-esteem. Six groups with different pattern of coping were compared. Two of the groups consist of students who have very high or very low score on all coping strategies. The remaining students were classified into four groups: a) students focused strictly on problem-focused coping, b) those focused on both problem solving and social support, c) those focused on avoidant coping, and d) emotionally reactive students.Current results show that these students differ with respect to all variables included in the study: self-esteem, neuroticism, extraversion, and test anxiety. Advantages of the pattern analysis approach in explaining some contradictory findings from previous correlational research are emphasized together with the teacher?s role in facilitating adaptive coping strategies for pupils better learning outcomes. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 444-444 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=076&rid=4899 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704899 Classification-JEL: I00, I21 Keywords: stress, personality, coping patterns, teachers Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704899 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Fauziah Mahat Author-Name-First: Fauziah Author-Name-Last: Mahat Author-Email: f_mahat@upm.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Putra Malaysia Author-Name: Noor Azman Ali Author-Name-First: Noor Azman Author-Name-Last: Ali Author-Email: nazman@upm.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Putra Malaysia Title: The Roles of Risk Governance on Islamic Banking Systems Abstract: The role financial institutions sector in economic activities with higher capitalization ratio have the impact to alleviate credit and market risks including measuring in loan-to-deposit ratio. Good risk governance cannot be denied when the failure of financial systems does not exempt the Islamic financial institutions. Some of the recent examples for the collapses of Ihlas Finance House of Turkey, the Islamic Bank of Africa, Dubai Islamic Bank and Investment Companies of Egypt. The failure of financial market in OECD countries demonstrate Islamic banks are not much different from conventional banks. Another issues raised in this paper is the financial crisis which reveals risk-related issues resulted from mismanagement of risk at organizational level including various stakeholders. The aim of this paper is to discuss the significant roles of risk governance as the mediating variables between the risk management initiatives and the banks corporate performance. Early empirical study define risk management as a process which managers capabilities identifying and mitigate risk. There are vast reason of explaining the necesity of governance to avoid risk-related failure of financial marketis due to systems complexity and high risk exposures. The risk governance concept is founded from the agency theory, stakeholder-based governance theory, and delegated monitoring theory. The stakeholder based governance present the ideas whereby banks need to provide multiple benefits relationship include customer, supplier, distributors and employees. This research explores the secondary data relevant to analyze the risk governance effects of the 50 international Islamic banks between the periods of 2008-2013. The necessary statistical testing was explained for hypothesis testing and the model development. The expected outcome from the analysis is to tightened the construct to ensure level of risk monitoring is sufficient, minimizing moral hazard and prompt corrective action framework by incorporating the elements of corporate governance. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 445-457 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=077&rid=5187 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705187 Classification-JEL: G38 Keywords: Financial Risk Management; Corporate Governance; Risk Governance; Islamic Banking Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SRINIVASAN MAHESWARAN Author-Name-First: SRINIVASAN Author-Name-Last: MAHESWARAN Author-Email: smaheswaran@imtnag.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY Title: Recruiters? Preferences for B-School Campus Placements: Students? Perspective Abstract: This empirical research work is aimed at finding the students? perception about the factors considered by the recruiters for selection of B-School for campus placements along with the recruiters? expectations from the management graduates. A questionnaire is constructed to observe the perceptions of students regard to B-school selection criteria for placements and expectations of industry from the management graduates. Then, this well-structured questionnaire is administered to the students of a particular batch in the top-rung B-school located in the central India. Responses of the students were analyzed using statistical techniques to identify the students? perceived factors for selection of B-school for campus placements by the recruiters? along with the recruiters? expectations from the management graduates. Also, based on the responses received from the recruiters, this paper makes an attempt to find the gap between the students? perception and the recruiters? actual expectation from the management graduates. Outcome of this study will be useful for B-Schools to focus and strengthen on the vital factors considered by the recruiters? as well as to provide more emphasis on the skills sought after by the recruiters. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 458-458 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=078&rid=4697 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704697 Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: B-Schools, Campus Placements, Graduate Attributes Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704697 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sean McGovern Author-Name-First: Sean Author-Name-Last: McGovern Author-Email: mcg@cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Setsunan University Title: Cross-Cultural Rhetoric in Visual Information Design Abstract: Visual means of communication, including pictorial images and layout, are commonly assumed to be transparent and universally understood. This research study challenges this assumption by comparing Japanese and English examples of traffic notices and product consumer manuals ? message genres that are designed to convey guidance, warnings and instruction. In the Japanese cultural setting, images and other graphical devices provide key information and are used far more frequently than in corresponding messages seen in English speaking cultures. The results of this study demonstrate how cultural sensibilities and social needs inform visual meanings in information design. The common use of images in Japanese informational messages furnish distinctive semantic possibilities that work to activate interactional dimensions of meaning and convey a sense of shared understanding with the intention of encouraging behavioral compliance. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 459-459 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=079&rid=4079 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704079 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Visual Communication; Design; Culture; Consumer information Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704079 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Abdool Qaiyum Mohabuth Author-Name-First: Abdool Qaiyum Author-Name-Last: Mohabuth Author-Email: a.mohabuth@uom.ac.mu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Mauritius Author-Name: Syed Munir Ahmad Author-Name-First: Syed Munir Author-Name-Last: Ahmad Author-Email: munir_ahmad@upesh.edu.pk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Peshawar Title: The effectiveness of summative assessment in practice learning Abstract: Assessment enables students to focus on their learning, assessment. It engages them to work hard and motivates them in devoting time to their studies. Student learning is directly influenced by the type of assessment involved in the programme. Summative assessment aims at providing measurement of student understanding. In fact, it is argued that summative assessment is used for reporting and reviewing, besides providing an overall judgement of achievement. While summative assessment is a well defined process for learning that takes place in the classroom environment, its application within the practice environment is still being researched. This paper discusses findings from a mixed-methods research study for exploring the effectiveness of summative assessment in practice learning. A survey questionnaire was designed for exploring the perceptions of mentors and students about summative assessment in practice learning. The questionnaire was administered to the University of Mauritius students and mentors who supervised students for their Work-Based Learning (WBL) practice at the respective placement settings. Some students, having undertaken their WBL practice, were interviewed, for capturing their views and experiences about the application of summative assessment in practice learning. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with three experienced mentors who have assessed students on practice learning. Findings reveal that most students had positive experiences about their summative assessments in practice learning. They felt comfortable and confident to be assessed by their mentors in their placement settings and wished that the effort and time that they devoted to their learning be recognised and valued. Mentors also confirmed that summative assessment is a valid and reliable strategy in practice learning, enabling them to better monitor and coach students to achieve the expected learning outcomes. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 460-460 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=080&rid=5029 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705029 Classification-JEL: I23 Keywords: Practice Learning, Judgement, Summative Assessment, Knowledge, Skills, Workplace Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705029 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chris Motengwe Author-Name-First: Chris Author-Name-Last: Motengwe Author-Email: busdevelop7@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Witwatersrand Title: Margin adequacy and extreme value analysis in JSE financial futures Abstract: This paper examines margin levels for futures contracts on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). In Adrangi and Chatrath (1999), a margin is a good faith deposit protecting financial market participants from default. Margins are central to risk minimization and market stability. Margin setting entails balancing trading costs against the probability of default (Dewachter & Gielens, 1999). As far as we know, there has not been any paper on margin exceedances in financial futures on the JSE. Furthermore, it is believed this may be the first paper on financial futures margins on JSE applying extreme value theory approaches. Cotter (2001) poses the question whether extreme movements on financial markets are inherently symmetrical across long and short positions? We motivate the paper based on potential asymmetry in tails of returns testing whether there is a difference in extreme positive and negative price movements. The null hypothesis states positive and negative returns have equal distributions. If normality exists, t-tests are appropriate, otherwise distribution-free tests are used. Two-sample distribution-free tests used include; Wilcoxon (W) test, Siegel-Tukey (ST), Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test and Mann Whitney (MW) test. Further, we follow Peiró (2004) in choosing cut-off points in the two return tails, say -5% and +5%. We count the number of observations beyond the cut-off points in negative and positive extreme tails making comparisons ascertaining symmetry.Extreme market movements are linked to market corrections, crashes, financial collapses and foreign currency crisis (Longin, 2000). The extreme value approach derives optimal margins using tails of returns distribution (Cotter, 2001). The generalized pareto distribution (GPD) and the generalized extreme value distribution (GEV) are key approaches used similar to Lehikoinen (2007) and Zhao, Scarrott, Oxley, and Reale (2011). Three methods are identified for dispersion, location and shape parameter estimation; non-linear least squares, maximum log likelihood, and the non-parametric Hill estimator. Margin violation probabilities are estimated given a range of margin levels. Exceedances at given margin levels are used to calculate the amount of time before margin violation occurs, for lower and upper tail distributions. Actual margin levels fixed by JSE are examined estimating corresponding violation probabilities. Implications of inadequate margins are spelt out taking into account margins are a cost limiting participation on futures markets. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 461-461 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=081&rid=4716 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704716 Classification-JEL: C14, G00, G01 Keywords: Futures market; margin adequacy; extreme value theory; return asymmetry; margin violation probabilities Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704716 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Motylska - Kuzma Author-Name-First: Anna Author-Name-Last: Motylska - Kuzma Author-Email: anna.motylska-kuzma@wsb.wroclaw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Wroclaw School of Banking Title: Cost of Crowdfunding as a Source of Capital for the Small Company Abstract: The main object of this paper is to analyse advantages and disadvantages of capital deriving from crowdfunding compared to other sources of capital used in a company, especially in the SMEs. As the main factor used for comparison I take the cost of capital, because it is crucial in the decision process of choosing the source of financing. The explored data is mainly obtained from the Polish economy, but I use the European and World context, too. To contrast the capital from crowdfunding I have chosen debt funds (i.e. bank loans, commercial papers and leasing or hire-purchase) and equity funds (i.e. issue of shares, venture capital or private equity funds, business angels) as the more traditional sources used to finance innovative projects in the company. Although the conventional sources of capital could be cheaper or easier to raise, they have many limitation to use, especially for SMEs and earlystage enterprises. Additionally, they are not able to ensure and provide demand for the new ideas offered by firms. This fact definitely changes the cost of used capital, especially when it should finance an innovative project Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 462-474 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=082&rid=5114 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705114 Classification-JEL: G24, G30, G32 Keywords: crowdfunding, cost of capital, innovative project, SME, financial strategy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nasa'i Muhammad Gwadabe Author-Name-First: Nasa'i Author-Name-Last: Muhammad Gwadabe Author-Email: ngwadabe@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Northwest University, Kano Title: SOCIAL IDENTITY AND STATEHOOD: NIGERIA ON THE TRAIL OF FORMER SUDAN? Abstract: This paper seeks to determine whether Nigeria as a heterogeneous political entity has the potentialities to continue surviving as a unified state; or it will split according to social identity lines into two different states. To ascertain one of these two assertions, a historical comparative analysis between Nigeria and former Sudan has been conducted to see if there is tendency that Nigeria will follow the footsteps of former Sudan by splitting into two different independent states. The choice of former Sudan to be compared with the Nigerian case is as a result of some social identity compositions the two countries have in common. Nigeria passed through colonialism, which led to the amalgamation of the North dominated Muslims, and the South dominated Christians, into a holistic colonial administrative entity in 1914; and both sides are ethnically divergent from one another. Former Sudan too has this North-South divide, which in most cases led to conflicts over control of economic resources and political struggle for power and influence; which eventually let to the split of the former Sudan into two sovereign states. In this paper, Social Identity Theory is used as framework for analysis. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 475-475 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=083&rid=4690 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704690 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Conflicts, Nigeria, Social Identity, Sudan and Statehood Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704690 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nasa'i Muhammad Gwadabe Author-Name-First: Nasa'i Author-Name-Last: Muhammad Gwadabe Author-Email: ngwadabe@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Northwest University, Kano Title: BOKO HARAMISM AND JIHAD: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Abstract: The Boko Haram terroristic activities that engulfed some northern Nigerian states since 2009, which resulted into the death of thousands of innocent people and displacement of many. This Boko Haram terroristic act has made many non-Muslim Nigerians to conceive the idea that terrorism is an Islamic value and Islam has ?bloody borders? as claimed by islamophobes. This is so due to the claims made by Boko Haram anonymous leaders that the acts are fulfillment of Islamic obligation. These misconceptions by non Muslim Nigerians and the misinterpretation of the orthodox Islamic teaching further widened the dichotomy that has been in existence between the North-Muslims and South-Christians in the country. The focus of this paper is to find the extent to which Boko Haramism is divergent from jihad through a comparative analysis of the two social phenomena (Jihad and Boko Haram). To achieve a clear comparison, some units of analysis are derived from the reviewed literature. The Units are as follows: Ethics of conduct, Mode of operation, Leadership, Anonymity and identity, and Tolerance and coexistence. Analyses in this paper are situated within the conceptual framework of Moral Panic. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 476-476 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=084&rid=4691 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704691 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Boko Haram, Islam, Jihad, Muslims, Nigeria and North-South Divide Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704691 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Clever Ndebele Author-Name-First: Clever Author-Name-Last: Ndebele Author-Email: clever.ndebele@univen.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of Venda, Attention Dr Clever Ndebele Title: Examining lecturers? beliefs about teaching and learning as espoused in their teaching philosophy statements at a rural-based university in South Africa: Implications for student learning. Abstract: Three elements of co-business in higher education in South Africa are teaching and learning, research and community engagement. The bulk of the academic?s workload however involves teaching in under-graduate programmes. As academics go about the business of teaching, the assumptions are that there are philosophies under-pinning the way they teach and assess. This paper analysis the conceptions of teaching of fifteen academics who submitted portfolios for a teaching award over a two year period as depicted in their teaching philosophy statements. Discourse analysis was used to analyse the narratives of the academics in order to identify themes and inherent beliefs about teaching and learning. Implications for student success were then be drawn from the findings. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 477-477 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=085&rid=4842 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704842 Classification-JEL: I23 Keywords: teaching, teaching philosophy, student success, academic Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704842 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Joanna Nowakowska-Grunt Author-Name-First: Joanna Author-Name-Last: Nowakowska-Grunt Author-Email: jnowakowskagrunt@onet.eu Author-Workplace-Name: Czestochowa University of Technology Title: Agri-food logistics as a determinant of the competitiveness of SME's enterprises in the food industry Abstract: In the article were tested small and medium-sized enterprises in the food industry which exporting and importing to the EU market looking for opportunities to make a profit and market advantage. They indicated on the relationship that exist between the adopted strategy in the field of logistics and efficiency of the actions of various cells of food chains . The article presents also cases of companies that have achieved market success through synergies in logistics. Intense competition in food markets requires , especially from small and medium-sized enterprises to seek solutions that will allow the use of occurring in logistics principles 7R. the use of physical flows in coordinating logistics operators necessitates the application of uniform procedures for the various elements of logistics , such as packaging , delivery system and handling , etc . Is becoming an important issue as food security, which requires companies need to closely monitor the flow processes . Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 478-478 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=086&rid=5201 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705201 Classification-JEL: A19 Keywords: agri-food logistics, physical flows, synergy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marian Oluyemisi Odunaiya Author-Name-First: Marian Oluyemisi Author-Name-Last: Odunaiya Author-Email: marianyem@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Federal College of Education (Technical) Akoka Title: Trends in curricular issues and teacher education in Nigeria: Retrospect and Prospects Abstract: Education in Nigeria in the past was centered on recitation, use of conversation, lecture, and questioning method to teach students new information and concepts. Traditionally, the emphasis on our curricula has been on defined knowledge to be acquired with less attention on the development of skills, conscious articulation of the other remaining areas of learning -behaviours, attitudes and values and finally learning to learn. This paper therefore examines the trends in curricular issues of teacher education programmes in Nigeria. It investigates the nature of teacher education, its impacts, problems, directions as well as prospects for future development of the curricular issues. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 479-486 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=087&rid=5014 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705014 Classification-JEL: A31 Keywords: Education, Teacher, Curricular, Innovations, Critical thinking. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705014 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Idemudia Okhiria Author-Name-First: Idemudia Author-Name-Last: Okhiria Author-Email: idemudia.okhiria@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Author-Name: Samuel Ehi Awolowo Osime Author-Name-First: Samuel Ehi Awolowo Author-Name-Last: Osime Author-Email: osimes842@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Title: Language Education as a Panacea for Global Business and Economic Development in Third World Nations Abstract: The constant use of Language is a major means of human interactions which is core to business and economic life as no business can be transacted effectively without the instrument of language. It stands out as one of the most valuable gifts of God that differentiates human beings from non humans. Our thoughts, feelings, ideas and experiences which are necessary for business transactions are organized through languages. Language, whether spoken or written, helps to facilitate business and economic development within and across a country?s boarder. This paper discussed the motivation and significant of study, the contribution to knowledge and as well discuss language as a means of communication that identifies a group and helps them to interact. Moyosore (2005) asserts that: ?language is an efficient medium of promoting understanding and harmonious living?. Without ?understanding? and ?harmonious living?, no business thrives in a nation. ??Language Education??, from the perspective of teaching and learning of English language in any nation, is discussed as a global tool of business and economic realization for sustainable development. According to Ojo ( 2000) ? without Education, development will not occur? Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 487-494 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=088&rid=3897 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703897 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Language Education, Panacea, Global Business, Economic Development, Third World Nations Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703897 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ABEDNEGO OKOE-AMARTEY Author-Name-First: ABEDNEGO Author-Name-Last: OKOE-AMARTEY Author-Email: okoe67@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITY OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES Title: UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS' PERCEPTION OF SERVICE DELIVERY IN THE MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY IN GHANA Abstract: An analysis of undergraduate students? perception in the mobile telecommunication industry was conducted using four Ghanaian universities. The study adopted a cross sectional and quantitative design methodological approaches and relied on primary data sources for data collection. Using quota and convenience sampling techniques, a total of 400 respondents were selected from the four universities. Results from the study revealed that a gap exists between customer expectations and perceptions in the Ghanaian mobile telecommunication sector. The results further indicated that customers of MTN were the least satisfied in terms of service delivery as compared to the other networks though they remain the market leaders. The study identified three key predictors of customer satisfaction in the industry namely; affordability, wider network coverage and bonuses. The study concludes that underperformance of mobile telecommunication firms does not necessarily correlate positively with churn of student customers. Recommendations were made to help address gaps identified. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 495-507 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=089&rid=3997 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703997 Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: customer expectation, customer perception, service delivery, Ghana Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703997 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Elijah Okpanachi Author-Name-First: Elijah Author-Name-Last: Okpanachi Author-Email: eltonia4u@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kogi state university Author-Name: Onogu Williams Author-Name-First: Onogu Author-Name-Last: Williams Author-Email: Onoguwilli@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kogi State University Author-Name: Philip Idachaba Author-Name-First: Philip Author-Name-Last: Idachaba Author-Email: Papasgate@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kogi State university Author-Name: Mercy Mabe Ocheni Author-Name-First: Mercy Mabe Author-Name-Last: Ocheni Author-Email: mercyaturaid@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kogi State University Title: SELF-KNOWLEDGE, THE INTELLECTUAL, LIBERATION AND THE AFRO-CONSTRUCTIVIST STRATEGY Abstract: This paper is motivated by the level ofself deception with the attempts at genuine national liberation are replete on the African continent, even among the intellectuals.The situation is that which we want to save ourselves when we do not know ourselves.Consequently therefore, this paper seeks to demonstrate that the Afro-constructivist strategy vould be a lead way in the right direction as African struggles for liberation.Following this strategy, the paper will also establish specifically that; a) the African ideological framework is not comprehensive enough for the kind of liberation she so desire; b) the African educational system/intellectual seem to keep perpetuating and recycling this comprehensiveness; c) the true project of liberation consist in keying into the project of pluri-versality as a universal project.In sum, our liberation consists in us freeing ourselves from the clutches of self-deception. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 508-516 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=090&rid=4446 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704446 Classification-JEL: A30 Keywords: Afro-constructivism,, liberation, pluri-versality,self-knowledge, the intellectual Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704446 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: BAFUNSO OLANIKE AINA (MRS) Author-Name-First: BAFUNSO Author-Name-Last: OLANIKE AINA (MRS) Author-Email: bafunsoolanike@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), Title: Impact of Literature (Literary texts) as Instructional Strategy on developing Reading and Writing Skills among Senior Secondary School II ESL Students in Lagos State. Abstract: This paper presented some research based opinions on the use of literature in language classroom especially for reading and writing skills development. It also sought to determine the impact of literature (literacy texts) as instructional strategy on developing reading and writing skills of students in Senior Secondary School, class II in ESL Classroom. The paper also attempted to establish various arguments in support of literature as authentic materials to be used in language classroom, especially in teaching the language skills of reading and writing. With stratified randomized sampling technique, 60 S.S II Students were selected from a Senior Secondary School, FCE(T), Akoka. The study used Descriptive survey and Quasi Experimental Method. A literary text titled ?A Women in Her Prime? which is among the prescribed text for WAEC (West African Examination Council) was given to the students to read. There are two groups of respondents in this work, i.e the controlled (30) and experimental group (30). The experimental group was given a kind of guide or intervention on how to read and respond to questions in writing form. The students in these two groups were observed and accessed. In reading, students reading interest, speed, comprehension, word recognition and right pronunciation were measured using the scale of insufficient, average reading, good reading and excellent reading. In writing, students were asked to write on topics such as summary of ideas presented in the text, themes and subject matter, character etc. A random picking was done on which of the written essays to be used for analysis. The data gathered were analyzed using a paired sample t-test to compare the significant different between the performance of the controlled group and experimental group. The performance of those who were not exposed to the intervention /literary skills and instructional guide is (X = 19.28; SD = 3.680) while those in experimental group is (X = 35.67; SD = 5.299). This is shown in the calculated value (t-cal) of 13.127 which is greater than the critical value (t-crit) of 1.98 with 99 degree of freedom at 0.05 level of significance. It is recommended that the literature of the targeted language should be used, taking into consideration the objective. Relevant classroom activities and techniques should be considered by teachers. The paper concluded by affirming that the use of literature is an adequate instructional strategy in ESL classroom, hence, should be employed by ESL teachers. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 517-523 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=091&rid=4954 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704954 Classification-JEL: A31 Keywords: Literature, Language skills, Instructional Strategy, ESL, Intervention Assessment, Stylistic and Language Based Approach. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704954 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ADESANYA OLUFEMI Author-Name-First: ADESANYA Author-Name-Last: OLUFEMI Author-Email: femiadesanya1@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION(TECHNICAL) Title: Promoting A Learner-Friendly Language Classroom in Nigeria:Challenges and Strategies. Abstract: In spite of the fact that methods abound to teach English language effectively and even to make the language class more friendly and interesting, the ill- qualified teachers do not employ the right method to make the English lessons learner-friendly. This paper therefore assesses the English language in Nigeria, the common challenges in the language classes, classroom environment for language teaching and learning, and a learner-friendly language class. Specifically, the paper looks at teachers? leadership style in language class, concept of Teaching Knowledge Test (TKT) and strategies for promoting a learner-friendly language class in Nigeria. Finally, the paper x-rays the presentation techniques for promoting a learner-friendly language class with useful recommendations to language teachers. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 524-538 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=092&rid=4925 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704925 Classification-JEL: A31 Keywords: Promote,Learner-Friendly,Teaching,Challenges,Strategies and Teaching Techniques. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704925 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Akeredolu Olukemi, Olufunmilola Author-Name-First: Akeredolu Author-Name-Last: Olukemi, Olufunmilola Author-Email: Olukemiakeredolu045@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Federal College of Education Technical Akoka Author-Name: Dagunduro Olayinka M Author-Name-First: Dagunduro Author-Name-Last: Olayinka M Author-Email: femiadesanya1@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Micheal Otedola College of Primary Education Title: Education, Care and Wellbeing of Children in pre-schools as a Correlate for Empowerment and Change in the Nigerian Society. Abstract: Learning is closely intertwined with wellbeing. The school environment, as a context of learning, has been found to play an important role in children?s social, emotional and behavioral development (Gutman and Feinstein, 2008). It has been observed by many scholars that ?high-quality early education produces long-lasting benefits? (Schweinhart & Weikart 1997; National Research Council & Institute of Medicine 2000; Peisner- Feinberg et al. 2000; National Research Council 2001; Reynolds et al. 2001; Campbell et al. 2002). With this evidence, the Nigerian federal, state, and local decision makers are asking critical questions about young children?s education. What should children be taught in the early years from birth through age eight? How would we know if they are developing well and learning what we want them to learn? And how can we decide whether programs for children from infancy through the primary grades are doing a good job? Are the school environment and feeding culture addressing children?s wellbeing in school? Answers to these questions about early childhood education curriculum, child assessment, and program evaluation? are the foundation statement of this paper which adopted the descriptive survey design. This paper is therefore interested in investigating the Effect of Early Childhood Care Education and Wellbeing as a Correlate for Empowerment and Change in the Nigerian Society. The study amongst other things recommends that victimization and bullying should not be encouraged in pre- school; schools should be well funded and teachers should be appropriately trained. Equally, schools should provide balanced mid-day meals to children to cater for malnourishment wherever applicable. This study is noteworthy because it advocates spending on children?s education as an economic investment in a society's future. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 539-548 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=093&rid=5005 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705005 Classification-JEL: A31 Keywords: Children; Education; Early Childhood Curriculum; program evaluation; Victimization; Bullying; Empowerment and Change. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705005 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Samuel Ehi-Awolowo Osime Author-Name-First: Samuel Ehi-Awolowo Author-Name-Last: Osime Author-Email: osimes842@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: College of Education Author-Name: Idemudia Okhiria Author-Name-First: Idemudia Author-Name-Last: Okhiria Author-Email: idemudia.okhiria@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: College of Education Title: MOTHER TONGUE AS A VIABLE VEHICLE FOR ENHANCING THE TEACHING/LEARNING OF ORAL ENGLISH AMONG PUPILS IN EDO CENTRAL SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF EDO STATE, NIGERIA Abstract: Nigeria is made up of 36 states and a Federal Capital Territory with 774 Local Government Councils. The nation has well over 350 indigenous languages (Osime, 2011). Edo State is one of the states. The state is located in the South-South geo-political region of the nation. Edo State is politically subdivided into 3 Senatorial Districts of Central, South and North. Our research is focused on one of the 5 local government areas of the state- Esan Central Local Government Area -in view with the place of the Esan language (which is basically the indigenous language of the people) as a viable tool for the teaching/learning of Oral English among pupils in the area. The place of language in the education of a child cannot be overemphasized. Inspite of the huge nature of Nigeria, she has no National language (NL). However, the nation has official language (OL) which is the English Language (EL). In view of the foregoing, the Nigerian National Policy on Education (NPE) stresses the importance of the use of Mother Tongue (MT) in the education of a child. Our focus was to step out the challenges being faced by primary school pupils in the Esan Central Local Government Area of Edo State as far as the use of Oral English (OE) is concerned. After a robust interaction with the learners, we discovered a lot of issues affecting the effective teaching/learning of Oral English. Consequently, recommendations were made. It is believed that if our recommendations are adhered to strictly, the current challenges identified would be over. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 549-549 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=094&rid=4071 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704071 Classification-JEL: A20, A20, A29 Keywords: Mother tongue, viable tool, teaching and learning, Oral English, Edo State, Nigeria, official language Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704071 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: USMAN OWOLABI AKEEM Author-Name-First: USMAN Author-Name-Last: OWOLABI AKEEM Author-Email: adetajud@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: LADOKE AKINTOLA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, OGBOMOSO. Author-Name: ADEGBITE TAJUDEEN ADEJARE Author-Name-First: ADEGBITE Author-Name-Last: TAJUDEEN ADEJARE Author-Email: labisky@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: LADOKE AKINTOLA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, OGBOMOSO. Title: THE IMPACT OF PETROLEUM PROFIT TAX (PPT) ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: THE CO - INTEGRATION ANALYSIS Abstract: This study examined the impact of petroleum profit tax on economic growth in Nigeria. It also looked at the direction of causality among petroleum profit tax, money supply, interest rate, inflation rate and economic growth employing the method of Johansen co-integration and the Granger causality tests using data spanning the period 1978-2013. Results showed that petroleum profit tax has positive significant impact on GDP both in the short run and in the long run with ( ? = .1377812 ; t=1.71; P>|t|= 0.000) and (? =.0125105; z=-2.01, P>|z|= 0.000) respectively. Also, PPT does not granger cause GDP. Money supply impacted GDP positively in the short run but negative significant impact in the long run with (?=-.5674746; t= 3.02, P>|t|= 0.000) and (? = -9.70e-06; z = - 16.79; P>|z|= 0.000) respectively. It is recommended that, once petroleum profit tax impacted economic growth positively in the short run and n the long run, Government should also minimize or find ways of eliminating totally the widespread corruption and leakages in the petroleum profit tax administration Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 550-561 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=095&rid=5238 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705238 Classification-JEL: A12 Keywords: Economic growth; Granger causality; Monetary policy; GDP; Petroleum profit tax (PAT); Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: CHANITA PANMANEE Author-Name-First: CHANITA Author-Name-Last: PANMANEE Author-Email: golffychicha@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Maejo University Author-Name: ROENGCHAI TANSUCHAT Author-Name-First: ROENGCHAI Author-Name-Last: TANSUCHAT Author-Email: roengchai_t@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Chiangmai University Author-Name: AREE CHEAMUANGPHAN Author-Name-First: AREE Author-Name-Last: CHEAMUANGPHAN Author-Email: areemju@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Maejo University Author-Name: KASEM KUNASRI Author-Name-First: KASEM Author-Name-Last: KUNASRI Author-Email: noom.kasem@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Management Sciences, Chiangmai Rajabhat University Author-Name: NISACHON LEERATTANAKORN Author-Name-First: NISACHON Author-Name-Last: LEERATTANAKORN Author-Email: nisa.aom@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Maejo University Title: Game Theory of Green and Non-green Oriented Productions: Dried Longan Enterprises Abstract: Dried longan is one of economic product in the northern of Thailand. It does not only solve the excess supply problem of fresh longan, but increase employment opportunities. Currently, the environmental responsibility is the important issue in which both producers and consumers are interested. Dried longan production system, thus, changes from traditional system using extravagant energy to environmentally friendly system using green technology. However, the green products are accepted in some consumer groups. Consequently, this paper explores the best decision making on green or non-green oriented productions of the dried longan enterprises by applying the game theory. The selected samples are two dried longan enterprise clusters in Chiang Mai and Lamphun provinces for playing in this game. The results represent that the green production system is the best choice of producers. It brings about the high economic payoffs but low physical resource usage. However, the information is necessary for the consumers to perceive value of green consumption and increase demand of green products. This findings are obviously useful for the dried longan enterprises in Thailand to make a decision for changing their production from traditional to green orientation. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 562-569 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=096&rid=4735 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704735 Classification-JEL: C70, C79, C71 Keywords: Dried longan enterprise clusters, Green production, Non-green production, Game theory Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704735 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rajnandan Patnaik Author-Name-First: Rajnandan Author-Name-Last: Patnaik Author-Email: rpatnaik@imtnag.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Management Technology Title: Capability vs Competency: A Case of Vishpala Prosthetics Abstract: To understand a business, its operations or its competitiveness, it is important to understand the competition and factors of production. These factors help in evaluating the profitability of a firm, its growth prospects and eventual long-term survival. Further, to ensure survival (sustainability) of the firm, it is essential to ascertain the plausible source of competitive advantage, such as core competency. The firm faces with the choice to either build all such required competencies in-house or to somehow acquire them from outside. This paper takes the case of Vishpala Prosthetics and tests the issues of competency in the practical perspective of strategy implementation.The paper converges the two diverging perceptions of the firm, capability versus competency, by analyzing the resource that is valuable to the firm through the five tests as suggested by Collis & Montgomery (2008), viz. the test of inimitability, the test of durability, the test of appropriability, the test of substitutability and the test of competitive superiority. With this, the argument between capability versus competency is explained in the perspective of strategy implementation with the help of the case on the firm. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 570-581 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=097&rid=4028 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704028 Classification-JEL: L19, L26, L29 Keywords: Competency, Scalability, Prosthetics, Firm Appraisal, Start-up Venture Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704028 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Iwona Pawlas Author-Name-First: Iwona Author-Name-Last: Pawlas Author-Email: iwona.pawlas@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Title: The Visegrad Countries and European Union Membership - Selected Issues Abstract: The Visegrad Group consists of four Central European states: Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia. They started the accession procedure in mid 1990s and joined the European Union in May 2004. The aim of the paper is to analyse the economic, social and political impact of European Union membership on Visegrad countries. Key advantages resulting from the accession to the European Union were presented, including positive net position towards EU budget, participation in EU Policy of Economic, Social and Territorial Cohesion and Common Agricultural Policy, as well as export opportunities and increase in GDP per capita. In addition to that population trends, situation on the market of labour and net migration in four Visegrad countries were studied. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 582-593 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=098&rid=4866 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704866 Classification-JEL: F00 Keywords: Visegrad Group; European Union; regional economic integration Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704866 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rika Ratna Permata Author-Name-First: Rika Ratna Author-Name-Last: Permata Author-Email: permata_rika@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran Title: Unregistered Well-Known Mark Protection In Indonesia Abstract: As a part of Intellectual Property Rights, Trademark have a significant role in trade and business activities. Trade Marks has a function as identification to distinguish the production of goods or services produced by a person as a means to promote of the goods or services as well as a guarantee of the products quality within the same time a mark will create an image on the reputation of the goods or services. and many of them Became well-known mark. Mark represent the goods or services will make the mark became famous mark so it needs legal protection for the marks owners. Indonesia which has been stipulated in Trade Mark Act, 2001 apply first to file system which will provide legal protection to those who register its marks in the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights to obtain exclusive rights and legal protection and recognized as a legitimate owners. In the Trade Mark Law especially in Criminal provisions do not set penalties for infringement of unregistered trade mark and raised legal questions as to how the legal action can be taken when there is infringement unregistered well-known in Indonesia. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 594-594 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=099&rid=4381 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704381 Classification-JEL: K39 Keywords: well-known mark, unregister mark, protection Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rika Ratna Permata Author-Name-First: Rika Ratna Author-Name-Last: Permata Author-Email: permata_rika@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran Title: NON VISUAL MARK PROTECTION ESPECIALLY SOUND MARKS IN INDONESIA Abstract: Trade mark definition in Indonesia based on Article 1 Law Number 15 Year 2001 about trade mark , shall mean : a sign in the form of picture, name, word, letters, figures , composisition of colors, or combination of said elements, having distinguishing features and used in the activities of trade in goods or services. Based on that definition Indonesia only protect visual mark.In recent times, conventional mark ( Visual mark) has been expanded to include non visual mark such as sounds.Now, Indonesia doesnt have a regulation to protect non visual mark.Sounds have been increasingly used as a trade mark in the market place. However, it has traditionally been difficultt to protect sounds as trademark through registration.This issue broadened the legal definition of trademark which is encompassed not only merely a sign.In other countries sounds have been more succesfully registered based on their distingtive sounds example: MGM and their Lion roar.Based on that issues Indonesia should protect sounds as aTrademark and to determine what kind of model regulation for soundmark protection. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 595-595 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=100&rid=5125 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705125 Classification-JEL: K30 Keywords: Trademark, sound, protection Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Pirmohamed Author-Name-First: Sarah Author-Name-Last: Pirmohamed Author-Email: u1275871@unimail.hud.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Huddersfield Author-Name: Daniel Boduszek Author-Name-First: Daniel Author-Name-Last: Boduszek Author-Email: D.Boduszek@hud.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: University of Huddersfield Title: Gender Differences in the Presence and Extent of Academic Motivational Attributes, Independent Study, and the Predictive Value on Achievement amongst University Students Abstract: Prior research has highlighted gender differences in academic motivational attributes, and how these predict achievement for each gender. However, not only does a vast amount of inconsistency exist amongst such literature, a lack of studies to date have measured how certain attributes (specifically self-efficacy, active learning strategies, independent study time) predict achievement to a different extent for males and females.The present study hence expands of prior research and investigates existing gender differences in academic motivation (achievement goal, leaning goal, performance goal, self-efficacy, and active learning strategies) and study habits (hours) amongst undergraduate students. Additionally, it measures how these attributes predict achievement grade (overall %) to a different extent for male and female students.The study employed a cross-sectional design, and was gathered through a prospective and retrospective questionnaire (including an adapted version of the Motivation towards Science Learning Questionnaire), from a mixed gender sample of 323 final year students belonging to various schools within the University Of Huddersfield. T-test results revealed small but significant differences, favouring females in achievement goal and study time. Multiple regression analysis revealed that study time, active learning strategies, performance goal and self-efficacy were significant predictors of achievement for males, accounting for 28% of variance in grade, whereas self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of achievement for females, accounting for 14% of variance in grade. Ultimately, through the evaluation of the current methodology, recommendations for future research are made. Future research should continue to explore gender differences in the attributes discussed, but also expand to account for additional factors to lead to a more comprehensive understanding of motivation and achievement. As well as this, findings offer practical implications highlighting the importance of self-efficacy and proposing methods in which higher education institutions can develop to encourage motivation in the particular attributes each gender is lacking. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 596-596 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=101&rid=4648 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704648 Classification-JEL: I29, I23 Keywords: Motivation, higher education, university, undergraduate, curriculum, achievement, gender differences, study habits, self-efficacy. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704648 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lana Plumanns Author-Name-First: Lana Author-Name-Last: Plumanns Author-Email: lana.plumanns@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de Author-Workplace-Name: IMA/ZLW & IfU of RWTH Aachen University Author-Name: Thorsten Sommer Author-Name-First: Thorsten Author-Name-Last: Sommer Author-Email: thorsten.sommer@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de Author-Workplace-Name: IMA/ZLW & IfU of RWTH Aachen University Author-Name: Katharina Schuster Author-Name-First: Katharina Author-Name-Last: Schuster Author-Email: katharina.schuster@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de Author-Workplace-Name: IMA/ZLW & IfU of RWTH Aachen University Author-Name: Anja Richert Author-Name-First: Anja Author-Name-Last: Richert Author-Email: anja.richert@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de Author-Workplace-Name: IMA/ZLW & IfU of RWTH Aachen University Author-Name: Sabina Jeschke Author-Name-First: Sabina Author-Name-Last: Jeschke Author-Email: sabina.jeschke@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de Author-Workplace-Name: IMA/ZLW & IfU of RWTH Aachen University Title: Investigating mixed-reality teaching and learning environments for future demands: The trainers? perspective Abstract: The first three industrial revolutions were characterized by the invention of water and steam engine, centralized electric power infrastructure and mass production as well as digital computing and communications technology. The current developments caused by the fourth revolution, also known as ?Industry 4.0?, pose major challenges to almost every kind of work, workplace, and the employees. Due to the concepts of cyber-physical systems, Internet of Things and the increasing globalization, remote work is a fast-growing trend in the workplace, and educational strategies within virtual worlds become more important. Especially methods as teaching and learning within virtual worlds are expected to have an enormous impact on advanced education in the future. However, it is not trivial to transfer a reliable educational method from real to the virtual worlds. Therefore, it is im-portant to adapt, check and change even small didactic elements to guarantee a sus-tainable learning success. As there is a lot of ongoing research about using virtual worlds for the training of hazardous situations, it has to be figured out which potential those environments bear for the everyday education of academic staff and which competencies and educational support trainers need to have respectively can give in those worlds. The used approach for this study was to investigate the trainers? didactic perspective on mixed-reality teaching and learning. A total of ten trainers from different areas in Germa-ny took part in this study. Every participant pursued both roles: the teaching and the learning part in a virtual learning environment. In order to assess the learning success and important key factors the experiment yields data from the participants? behavior, their answers to a semi-structured interview and video analysis, recorded from the virtual world. Resulting data were analyzed by using different qualitative as well as quantitative methods. The findings of this explorative research suggest the potential for learning in virtual worlds and give inside into influencing variables. The online gaming experience and the age of participants can be shown to be related to participants? performance in the virtual world. It looks like the barriers for the affected trainers are low regarding utilization of virtual worlds. Together with the mentioned advantages and possible usages, the potential of these setups is shown. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 597-610 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=102&rid=4813 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704813 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Education, Mixed-Reality, Teaching, Virtual World Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704813 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kim Fong Poon-McBrayer Author-Name-First: Kim Fong Author-Name-Last: Poon-McBrayer Author-Email: mcbrayer@ied.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: Hong Kong Institute of Education Title: Micronesian-flavored American School Leadership for Inclusive Education in Guam Abstract: Guam has a long history of European colonialism. Being the largest island in Micronesia, Guam was the only U.S.-held island in the region before World War II. Guam?s special education is subject to relevant US laws. On the other hand, the Micronesian cultures and values influence their practices together with limited resources and its geographical isolation from major cultures. Guam has adopted the resource room model originated from the US as the key feature of its inclusive education due to the impact of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. School leadership has long been recognized to play a significant role in the practice of inclusive education. Little is known about the practices of inclusive education in Guam in the international literature. This author has thus recently conducted a qualitative study to examine the inclusive education system, strategies adopted by the school leadership, and teacher working conditions. Data reflected that the school district leadership has played at least an equally, if not more, important role in the implementation of inclusive education in Guam. The law and the district direction are central to the current practices of inclusive education. Implications for inclusive education development, policies, personnel preparation, and further research were discussed. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 611-611 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=103&rid=4434 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704434 Classification-JEL: I21, I28, I25 Keywords: Micronesia, Guam, Inclusive education, school leadership, resource room Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704434 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Filippos Proedrou Author-Name-First: Filippos Author-Name-Last: Proedrou Author-Email: f.proedrou@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: American College of Thessaloniki, Greece Title: Understanding energy politics: from geopolitics to market explanations Abstract: Energy politics is very often analyzed as a fundamentally geopolitical scramble. Accordingly, the states are viewed as the main actors in the energy field; their motives as essentially political; and the outcomes of their decisions and actions as pivotal to the overall geopolitical reordering of the world. While there is definitely some truth in these patterns of analysis, it is hard to sideline both other actors, such as energy corporations and institutions with a clear economic mindset, as well as motives of profitability and parameters of competitiveness. This paper aims to demonstrate that since the outbreak of the global financial crisis, it is essentially market parameters that discipline state actors and render the geopolitically-centered analyses problematic and inadequate. To the contrary, the finalization of the single EU energy market, the shale gas revolution, the globalization of LNG markets, and the interests of rising economic actors within Russia frame increasingly the gas field in Eurasia. The evolution of the gas field is hence determined to a significant extent by economic(-minded) actors, and on the basis of motives of profitability and parameters of competitiveness. Geopolitical aspirations and perspectives should be integral in the analysis, but kept at bay so that rather frequent exaggerations are avoided. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 612-612 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=104&rid=5001 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705001 Classification-JEL: Q40, Q41, Q48 Keywords: Russia, EU, supply and demand, LNG, shale gas, competitiveness Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705001 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ziyi Qin Author-Name-First: Ziyi Author-Name-Last: Qin Author-Email: qin_1017@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies, Waseda University Title: Multilateralism in the Aid Allocation -Why do donors give aid multilaterally? Abstract: After World War Two, the advanced countries tend to use multilateral approach to deal with international affairs. As the widening and deepening of globalization, more and more multilateral institutions have been created and become very important actors in on the global stage. In the international development aid system, the growing number of multilateral aid agencies indicates the popularity of multilateralism among most of the world. However, the scale of multilateral aid is still very small comparing with bilateral aid.Donors support the multilateral agencies while they still finance the bilateral aid projects by themselves. The first puzzling here is sometimes we can find the multilateral agencies and donor countries implement similar projects in the same recipient country. This overlapping is also criticized by many scholars regarding as the aid fragmentation issues. What?s more, although multilateral aid is argued to be more sensitive to recipient country?s real needs, the increase of bilateral aid is far beyond the increase of multilateral aid. Therefore, it is necessary to figure out the donor?s motivation behind the aid allocation policy regarding bilateral aid and multilateral aid.This paper investigates the determinants of donors? multilateral aid policy by focusing on the characteristics of donors. The substantial literatures have been investigated the bilateral aid policy by focusing on the recipient side and the ties between donor and recipient. This paper emphasizes the domestic determinants? influence on the policy making by applying the quantitative methodology. The panel data analysis is based on the data of OECD DAC 23 member countries from 1990 to 2012. Dependent variable is the willingness to contribute to multilateral aid, measured by the multilateral aid per total ODA. The basic equation and independent variables are:Y_it =?+ Population it + GDP it + Military expenditure it + Trade it + Government expenditure it + Political ideology + ?_itThe result shows that, the government?s motivation for multilateral aid is influenced by the scale of the country and the capacity of the government. Small country tends to prefer the multilateral aid to bilateral aid since the economic scale and the government?s capacity is limited. On the other hand, the political and economic interests? influence on multilateral aid contribution is not supported by the quantitative analysis. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 613-613 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=105&rid=4835 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704835 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Aid Allocation, Multilateral aid, Bilateral aid Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704835 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Munasprianto Ramli Author-Name-First: Munasprianto Author-Name-Last: Ramli Author-Email: munasprianto.ramli@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester Title: The Nature of Dialogue in the Primary Science Classroom in Indonesia Abstract: Dialogue plays important roles in education since the classroom is the place were teacher interacts with students and students talk to one another. This study explored the nature of dialogue in the classroom which implemented the new curriculum in Indonesia. To achieve this research purpose, I addressed the following research question; what are the key features and the pattern of classroom dialogue in the primary science classroom? A case study approach was employed for this study; I am focusing my study on one primary school in the Greater Jakarta. Using triangulation as a metaphor, I adopted two different methods for this study, including interviews and classroom observations. The finding shows that both triadic (Initiation Response Feedback/IRF) and Non Triadic (Initiation Response Probing Response Probing / IRPRP) pattern of dialogue occurred in the classroom talk. The study also indicates that most of the talk adopted cumulative and exploratory talk Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 614-614 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=106&rid=4477 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704477 Classification-JEL: I20, I29 Keywords: Dialogue, Classroom Talk, Primary Science, Science Education, New Curriculum Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704477 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kristina Riman Author-Name-First: Kristina Author-Name-Last: Riman Author-Email: kriman@unipu.hr Author-Workplace-Name: Juraj Dobrila University of Pula Author-Name: Darko Loncaric Author-Name-First: Darko Author-Name-Last: Loncaric Author-Email: dloncaric@uniri.hr Author-Workplace-Name: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Teacher Education Title: Developmental fears, frustrations and fantasies in children's fantasy novels providing opportunities for educational life skills training programs Abstract: Contemporary education programs for primary and secondary school education need to provide pupils with the opportunity to develop key competences and skills, and to become more relevant and tailored to the needs of children and their development. Life skills training programs represent relatively heterogeneous set of programs addressing variety of issues such as decision making, problem solving, creative and critical thinking, effective communication, intrapersonal relationship skills, self-awareness, empathy and coping with emotions and stress. As defined by the World Health Organization they fall under the category of psycho-social skills that are distinctly different from other types of skills such as perceptual/motor skills, livelihood or money management and entrepreneurial skills, although these skills can be complementary to life skills education.Contrary to the obvious relevance of the life skills based education, methods for life skills development are not fully integrated in education programs, especially in some Central and Eastern ? European countries. In addition to presenting current developments of the life skills program implementation in Croatia, this article will also present relatively novel approach to integration of life skills training in standard primary and secondary school programs. This approach relies on the use of children's fantasy novels in literature classes to target specific developmental fears, frustrations and fantasies. It presents pupils with opportunity to evocate, became aware of and work out different issues specifically related to coping with problems such as normative developmental fears and frustrations and their expressions in fantasies leading to conscious resolutions that can improve adaptive coping patterns, increase self-awareness, improve communication and relationships with others and inspire creativity in literary expressions. With methods relatively similar to bibliotherapy, this specific, methodical approach to using children?s fantasy literature can archive a large portion of life skills training goals right within the framework of existing literature and literacy education programs. Analysis of the selected children fantasy literature texts that use developmental fears, frustrations and their resolution through fantasies will be presented, discussed and evaluated, opening a venue for novel methodical approaches to life skills development in primary and secondary education. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 615-615 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=107&rid=4905 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704905 Classification-JEL: I00, I20, I29 Keywords: life skills training; education; fears; frustrations; fantasy novels; bibliotherapy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704905 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sinta Dewi Rosadi Author-Name-First: Sinta Dewi Author-Name-Last: Rosadi Author-Email: sintadewirosadi@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Law, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia Title: The implementation of e-health programs and protection of data privacy: a comparative study between Indonesia, Abstract: ABSTRACTThe implementation of e-health programs and protection of data privacy: a comparative study between Indonesia, Australia and MalaysiaDr. Sinta Dewi RosadiThe application of e-health program refers to tools and services using information and communication technologies (ICTs) that can improve prevention, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and management. The e-health program can benefit the entire community by improving access to care and quality of care and by making the health sector more efficient includes information and data sharing between patients and health service providers, hospitals, health professionals and health information networks; electronic health records; telemedicine services; portable patient-monitoring devices, operating room scheduling software. The e-health goals is to improve citizens' health by making life-saving information available and increase healthcare quality and access by making e-health as part of health policy and to provide health services more effective, user-friendly and widely accepted by involving professionals and patients in strategy, design and application. As one of the archipelago country with the total population estimated 255 million Indonesia has encounter many challenges in providing better health services so that the e-health program is one alternatives to provide better health services. However in the implementation of e-health program will facing legal challenges since the patients personal data is a sensitive data and its collection, use and storage needs legal protection and if the health care services provider does not keep the patients health data in confidential there will be a real risk that people will stop sharing their medical history with healthcare provider if they don?t have confidence that the right privacy controls are in place. This article is the result of preliminary study that analyze the legal framework of protection of e-health program relating data privacy protection is available and compare with Australia and Malaysia Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 616-616 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=108&rid=5181 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705181 Classification-JEL: K19 Keywords: Key words: e-health program, legal protection, data privacy) Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sinta Dewi Rosadi Author-Name-First: Sinta Dewi Author-Name-Last: Rosadi Author-Email: sintadewirosadi@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Law, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia Title: Implications of cloud computing for personal data protection : An Indonesian perspective Abstract: ABSTRACTThe implementation of e-health programs and protection of data privacy: a comparative study between Indonesia, Australia and MalaysiaDr. Sinta Dewi RosadiThe application of e-health program refers to tools and services using information and communication technologies (ICTs) that can improve prevention, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and management. The e-health program can benefit the entire community by improving access to care and quality of care and by making the health sector more efficient includes information and data sharing between patients and health service providers, hospitals, health professionals and health information networks; electronic health records; telemedicine services; portable patient-monitoring devices, operating room scheduling software. The e-health goals is to improve citizens' health by making life-saving information available and increase healthcare quality and access by making e-health as part of health policy and to provide health services more effective, user-friendly and widely accepted by involving professionals and patients in strategy, design and application. As one of the archipelago country with the total population estimated 255 million Indonesia has encounter many challenges in providing better health services so that the e-health program is one alternatives to provide better health services. However in the implementation of e-health program will facing legal challenges since the patients personal data is a sensitive data and its collection, use and storage needs legal protection and if the health care services provider does not keep the patients health data in confidential there will be a real risk that people will stop sharing their medical history with healthcare provider if they don?t have confidence that the right privacy controls are in place. This article is the result of preliminary study that analyze the legal framework of protection of e-health program relating data privacy protection is available and compare with Australia and Malaysia Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 617-617 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=109&rid=4977 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704977 Classification-JEL: K29 Keywords: ( Key words: e-health program, legal protection, data privacy) Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704977 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Passkorn Roungrong Author-Name-First: Passkorn Author-Name-Last: Roungrong Author-Email: ccpasskn@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Naresuan University Title: THE DEVELOPMENT OF TABLET BASED LEARNING MODEL WITH GAGNE?S NINE EVENTS OF INSTRUCTION Abstract: The purpose of this study were 1) to create and find out efficiency of Tablet based learning model with Gagne?s nine events of instruction entitled Internet for Education 2) to study the learning achievement of students after learning by using Tablet based learning model with Gagne?s nine events of instruction entitled Internet for Education. The samples in this study were 37 students in Bachelor of Education Program, Faculty of Education, Naresuan University, in the academic year 2014. The instruments of this study were 1) Tablet based learning entitled Internet for Education 2) The achievement test.The results of this study revealed as the followings; 1)The efficiency of Tablet based learning model with Gagne?s nine events of instruction entitled Internet for Education was 88.20/87.57 which reached the set criteria 80/80 2) the comparison of the students? learning achievement, post-test was higher than pre-test with a significant level .05 Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 618-628 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=110&rid=4457 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704457 Classification-JEL: I20 Keywords: TABLET BASED LEARNING, GAGNE?S NINE EVENTS OF INSTRUCTION Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704457 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OLAWUYI SEYI Author-Name-First: OLAWUYI Author-Name-Last: SEYI Author-Email: soolawuyi@lautech.edu.ng Author-Workplace-Name: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Author-Name: OLAWUYI TOSIN Author-Name-First: OLAWUYI Author-Name-Last: TOSIN Author-Email: seyidolapo1704@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Title: RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ADOPTION OF FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN KWARA STATE OF NIGERIA: A PRAGMATIC APPROACH Abstract: Risk is an unavoidable element in the business of agriculture especially with the prevalent issue of climate change which hitherto affects production. Production can vary widely from year to year due to unforeseen weather and market conditions, causing wide swings in commodity prices. But risk, while inevitable, is often manageable. Risk management involves choosing among alternatives for reducing risks that threaten the economic success of production process and well-being of the households; hence, determinants of risk management strategies adoption among farming households in Kwara State of Nigeria was investigated. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 122 farming households used for the study. Data collected through a well-structured questionnaire was analyzed through descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages and mean values while inferential statistics such as Tobit regression was used to test the formulated hypothesis. The result revealed a mean age of 49.25 years while the average household size was estimated at approximately 12 persons; also, the average years of formal education was estimated at 6.31 years. 92.62% of the respondents engaged primarily in farming while majority are faced with production risks. The prevalent risk management strategies adopted are: obtaining credit facilities from social organizations, irrigation practices, borrowing from friends, use of family labour and distress sales of assets. And, determinants of risk management strategies adoption are: years of formal education (p<0.1), household size (p<0.1), social organization membership (p<0.01) and outcomes (p<0.05). This study concludes that human capital (proxied by years of formal education) and social capital endowment (proxied by social organization membership) have a strong influence on the adoption of risk management strategies. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 629-640 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=111&rid=4628 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704628 Classification-JEL: A12 Keywords: Risk Management Strategies, Adoption, Farming Households, Tobit, Nigeria Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704628 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: JITENDRA SHARMA Author-Name-First: JITENDRA Author-Name-Last: SHARMA Author-Email: SJITEN1@GMAIL.COM Author-Workplace-Name: INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY Title: QFD - Can it be applied to Management Education Abstract: This paper deals with one of the quality planning tools of TQM which helps us to learn what customers wants and provides a systematic and quantifiable approach to determining what is of value to the customers and the ability of the competition to determine the same. This paper introduces a method and procedure for the development of products and services. The method is called Quality Function Deployment aka QFD and it starts with market analysis to clarify customer requirements and identifies important design requirements. The functional requirements on the product / service are analyzed and technical solutions are selected. The paper intends to present a detailed treatment of QFD for service functions and industries. Although a similarity between service industries and manufacturing processes exits, several features are specific to service industries. Service functions have an intangible component, and often cannot be stored. Moreover, customer satisfaction is influenced by behavioral factors, which are difficult to quantify. The paper provides a broad classification of service quality characteristics into four categories: human and behavioral factors, timeliness, service non-conformity, and facility related. The study is done with management education as the focal service point. All the broad steps needed to generate the QFD model are touched upon, albeit not in great detail but covers the scope of the article. A general model for service quality has been discussed, and the factors that influence customer perception have been addressed. The framework for the general model can be applied to construct the individual QFD Matrix for different service functions. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 641-641 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=112&rid=4698 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704698 Classification-JEL: C61 Keywords: QFD, service quality, customer requirements, management education. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704698 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mike Sherrill Author-Name-First: Mike Author-Name-Last: Sherrill Author-Email: msherrill@aoyamagakuin.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Aoyama Gakuin University Title: Global Service Learning and Higher Education Abstract: In current times universities around the world have bolstered efforts to ?globalize? or ?internationalize? their campuses. This is often articulated concretely as the intent to prepare students to be ?global citizens?. In tandem with this goal some universities also express the desire to develop ?servant leaders?, those well equipped to lead, but who do so through collaboration and putting the needs of others first. Indeed such educational pursuits herald new potential in our contemporary societies for greater compassion, peace, and justice through mutual understanding and appreciation across cultures. However, in order to move beyond conceptualization toward actualization, we are forced to carefully consider how and to what degree the core curricula of institutions of higher education cultivate mutual global citizenship. A growing body of research identifies a point of intersection of the concerns above in the rubric ?global-service-learning?. Such an approach to learning seeks to integrate academic pursuit with community engagement in a context outside the participant?s country of origin. Moreover, it is characterized by a shift away from thinking of service as ?doing for? and more towards ?doing with?. Drawing insight from the relevant current literature, this paper explores the relationship between global service learning and higher education. Special consideration is given to the role of universities in promoting capacity development through education and action on behalf of marginalized global communities. The paper concludes with reflections and insights gained from recent participation in global service learning programs in India and the Philippines. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 642-656 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=113&rid=4420 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704420 Classification-JEL: I23 Keywords: global service learning, higher education, global citizenship, capacity development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704420 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: JUSTUS SHOKEFUN Author-Name-First: JUSTUS Author-Name-Last: SHOKEFUN Author-Email: oaje-famuyide@noun.edu.ng Author-Workplace-Name: NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA Author-Name: OLUFUNKE AYILARA AJE- FAMUYIDE Author-Name-First: OLUFUNKE AYILARA Author-Name-Last: AJE- FAMUYIDE Author-Email: funkefamu@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA Title: OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING AS AN INSTRUMENT OF PROTECTING THE RIGHT OF ACCESS TO EDUCATION: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE Abstract: Education is a right. Education is an extraordinary tool of empowerment and it is essential for the promotion and protection of all human rights. Various international treaties, covenants and conventions since 1948 as well as writings of publicists have stressed the importance of the fundamental right to education. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Economic and Social Rights (ICESCR), the Covenants on the Rights of the Child (CRC) as well as the African Charter on Human and Peoples? Right (ACHPR) contain provisions which protect the right to education. The International Human Rights Law holds the state primarily responsible for the implementation of the right. Accordingly, it is incumbent on the state parties to ensure the realization of the right to education through policy, administrative and legislative measure. A critical component of the right to education is the right of access to education. Invariably, a denial of the right of access to education is a fundamental violation of the right to education. Lack of access to education is acute in Nigeria and efforts to address the problem have met with limited success. This article therefore seeks to examine the varied ways in which the Open and Distance Learning Education has been used to address the problem of access to the right to education in Nigeria. This article also examines the essentials of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) and in particular, how Nigeria has used the ODL mode of study (through the National Open University of Nigeria) as an instrument of social justice in surmounting the challenges of accessibility to education in Nigeria. The work examines the successes and failures of using the ODL system in protecting the right of access to education. The writers are of the view that the ODL system has played significant role of addressing the right to education and that other policy and legislative measures are still necessary in achieving right of access to education. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 657-657 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=114&rid=4639 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704639 Classification-JEL: K33 Keywords: Open and Distance Learning; access to education; right to education Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704639 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lakhbir Singh Author-Name-First: Lakhbir Author-Name-Last: Singh Author-Email: l.singh@hotmail.co.uk Author-Workplace-Name: The University of Derby Title: Trust me, I'm a Banker: Analysing the Issue of Trust between Banks, Media and Customers Abstract: The main aim of this research project is to investigate the hegemonic and post hegemonic arrangement regarding trust and power in order to establish whether the concept of ?trust? between banks, customers and the media is a viable construct. In order to fully analyse this research area the issue of trust will be examined with relevant theories. The theories that will be chosen will be hegemony and posthegemony with the focus on power distribution. While looking into these theories and applying them to the research question other theories may emerge as relevant for example understanding consumer behaviour in this area from a new perspective will give important insights to banking and other financial institutions looking to rebuild trust with their customers. There is a clear knowledge gap after analysing literature and this investigation has the potential to fill that gap. In order to fill this gap ?trust? must be defined. After developing the new definition of trust applicable to the question at hand, the thesis will examine primary data, such as interviews with customers and media articles. After analysing all the literature at hand what was found was that many articles on trust is that even though there are a large database regarding trust in various fields within business there is little research when analysing trust in the banking sector let alone the types of trust that is relevant and important for the banking sector. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 658-658 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=115&rid=5054 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705054 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Trust, Hegemony, Media Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705054 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Elackiya Sithamparanathan Author-Name-First: Elackiya Author-Name-Last: Sithamparanathan Author-Email: elackiya.sithamparanathan@wur.nl Author-Workplace-Name: Wageningen University Title: Implementing Bioremediation Technologies to Degrade Chemical Warfare Agents and Explosives from War Affected Regions in Sri Lanka Abstract: Chemical agents used during the Sri Lankan civil war continue to threaten human andenvironmental health as affected areas are re-settled. Bioremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach to degrading chemical agents, and has greater public acceptance than chemical degradation. Baseline data on contaminant distribution, environmental parameters, and indigenous microbes are required before bioremediation can commence. The culture and isolate of suitable microbes and enzymes should be followed by laboratory trials, before field application and long-term monitoring of contaminant concentration, soil parameters, microbial ecology, and public health to monitor environmental and public health. As local people are not aware of the persistence of warfare chemicals and do not understand the potential impacts on human health, community awareness programs are required. Active community participation, and collaboration with international and local agencies, would contribute to the success of bioremediation and the effective removal of chemical agents in war affected areas of Sri Lanka. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 659-659 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=116&rid=3501 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703501 Classification-JEL: O39, Q53, Q55 Keywords: Bioremediation, Warfare agents, Protection of environmental and human health, Sustainable solution Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703501 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anita Stasulane Author-Name-First: Anita Author-Name-Last: Stasulane Author-Email: anita.stasulane@du.lv Author-Workplace-Name: Daugavpils University Author-Name: Janis Priede Author-Name-First: Janis Author-Name-Last: Priede Author-Email: janis.priede.hzf@lu.lv Author-Workplace-Name: Daugavpils University Title: The Understanding of Well-Being among Children and Young People Abstract: The presentation outlines the results of fieldwork in Latvia that has been done in the EU FP7 project ?Measuring Youth Well Being? (MYWEB, grant agreement no.613368) which takes a balanced approach to assessing the feasibility of a European Longitudinal Study for Children and Young People through prioritising both scientific and policy imperatives. The fieldwork was undertaken with the goal of finding out the meaning and significance that children and young people allocate to well-being. Individual and focus group interviews provided an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the method for obtaining the data and to find out potential difficulties in undertaking longitudinal research. To develop the instruments to measure children?s and young people?s well-being, their own views and opinions about what they?d like the researchers to ask them had to be taken into account, as well as the way in which the survey should be conducted. The presentation will discuss the main domains of well-being and how they are related to happiness, life-satisfaction and psychological well-being of children and young people. The results of the fieldwork undertaken in three months (October ? December 2014) show that the respondents? general understanding of well-being was to a large degree very specific. Children tend to have problems understanding the concept and for all ages, respondents are more comfortable with experience-centred questions. For children, these were connected with certain elements of their lives and the degree to which their parents, other family members and their teachers felt good. In defining the term well-being, the majority of the young people associated this with external and internal conditions. In their opinions, the main elements which create external well-being are connected with good living conditions, evidence of which is clothing, one?s appearance and behaviour. The fieldwork highlighted that the borders between satisfaction, happiness and psychological well-being are not always clear for the respondents. Research on young people?s well-being was recognized as one of the most effective methods, which could help young people to express their opinion and to be heard in society. According to the thinking of the respondents, such research should include in-depth interviews and questionnaires and observation of what should happen, not only at school, but also on the streets, in interest groups and NGOs. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 660-660 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=117&rid=4847 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704847 Classification-JEL: I30 Keywords: Fieldwork, well-being, children and young people. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704847 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Vagif Sultanly Author-Name-First: Vagif Author-Name-Last: Sultanly Author-Email: vagif_sultanli@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Professor of Baku State University Title: XX Century Azerbaijanian Emigration Folklore Studies (In the context of Epos Researches) Abstract: Researches on eposes occupy one of the most important parts of Azerbaijanian emigration folklore studies. As one of the richest and monumental genres of folk literature, eposes play an essential part in the emigration scientific-theoretical contemplation. Their close connection to the history, culture, morals, ethics, traditions and way of thinking of Azerbaijanian nation created a platform for their systematic and consistent research. Emigration folklore studies could raise a number of issues more early and bravely than Soviet time Azerbaijanian folklore studies and reached interesting scientific results. Thus, learning epos issues in emigration folklore studies is essential for creating a comprehensive panorama of XX century Azerbaijanian folklore study researches. The emigrant folklore scholars were the literary-political individuals who represented Azerbaijanian political emigration; therefore a political-ideological attitude along with esthetic approach can be felt towards the eposes in the researches created in the emigration. Thus, some epos samples in the writings of Azerbaijanian independence fighters served for the political ideals and the history of fight of the nation for the independence was accompanied by the samples chosen from epos materials. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 661-661 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=118&rid=5066 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705066 Classification-JEL: I23, C18 Keywords: Azerbaijanian folklore, emigration, epos Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705066 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Siti Sumiati Author-Name-First: Siti Author-Name-Last: Sumiati Author-Email: sitisumiati17@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics-Sultan Agung Islamic University Author-Name: Indah Susilowati Author-Name-First: Indah Author-Name-Last: Susilowati Author-Email: indah-susilowati@rocketmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business-Diponegoro University (UNDIP) Title: INTRODUCING EMPOWERMENT STRATEGY AS A WAY-OUT FOR SALT FARMING INDUSTRY IN REMBANG REGENCY-INDONESIA Abstract: Rembang is considered as one of the salt production centrum in Central Java province. It lies in the eastern-north of Java sea coast. Within a year farmers usually produce with rotation traditional farming system to produce salt and the brackish water aquaculture commodities (either milkfish and/ or shrimp). The salt production in this study area is mosly used for industry since less in quality for consumption purposes. Many efforts had been put on to improve the salt-farming, but can not achieve the maximum target. This is due to the advanced technology for salt-farming system (such as using fondation technique) stipulates the pond solely used for salt production throughout a year. However, farmers in Rembang used to share the pond for milkfish and/ or shrimp production within a year. The study is aimed to formulate the possible empowerment strategy to improve the salt production. Further, Cost and returns (C/R) and value chains analyes (VCA) have been applied to ascertain which commodities should be given a priority between salt and aquaculture production. The study invoked a mixed-method of quantitative-and-qualitative to answer the objectives posed. In-depth interview and focus group discussion with key-persons and informants were carried out for data collection. The study found that farmers? role were more considered as the price taker more in salt production compare than in milkfish or shrimp. Moreover, the margin of value chains from salt seems to be less favourable to the farmers. In facts, milkfish and/ or shrimp production is just accounted as a complimentary routine activities to complete a year farming system. Thereafter, this study suggests to re-structure the farming system management practiced in the study area thru empowering the farmers; and improvement in institutional set up for agribusiness in salt industry. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 662-668 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=119&rid=4852 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704852 Classification-JEL: Keywords: empowerment, salt, farming, agribusiness, Rembang, Indonesia Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704852 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Petr Svoboda Author-Name-First: Petr Author-Name-Last: Svoboda Author-Email: xsvop30@fm.vse.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Management, University of Economics, Prague Author-Name: Monika Harantova Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Harantova Author-Email: xharm16@fm.vse.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Management, University of Economics, Prague Title: Strategic Marketing in Higher Education from Alumni Perspective Abstract: Higher education institutions involve in marketing efforts to build up a good image and improve the level of satisfaction of all stakeholders. Building of good relationships between higher education institutions and their students is essential for their long-term success. After all, only satisfied students and alumni can bring the best promotion of the university via word of mouth marketing and other ways. Higher education institutions should identify and meet expectations of students to attract more prospective students and to retain the present ones. This study aims at the quality of higher education institutions and its evaluation from the alumni perspective. The paper also suggests methods for evaluating alumni satisfaction, loyalty and other factors. Using this methodology, higher education institutions can obtain responses to questions of how they should represent themselves to the public in the future and how they should build their image and strong brand. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 669-679 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=120&rid=4957 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704957 Classification-JEL: M31, A00 Keywords: Alumni, Higher education, Image, Loyalty, Marketing, Quality, Satisfaction Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704957 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: KANTA TANNIYOM Author-Name-First: KANTA Author-Name-Last: TANNIYOM Author-Email: ktanniyom@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Author-Name: Paponpat Taveeapiradeecharoen Author-Name-First: Paponpat Author-Name-Last: Taveeapiradeecharoen Author-Email: patrick_woei@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Chiang Mai University Author-Name: Prapatchon Jariyapan Author-Name-First: Prapatchon Author-Name-Last: Jariyapan Author-Email: prapatchonj@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Chiang Mai University Title: Modeling Dependency and Conditional Volatility between Asian Economic Community (AEC) Country Exchange Rate and Inflation Using the Copula-GARCH Model. Abstract: Structural dependence and conditional volatility are solutions to comprehend financial crisis behavior. Investigation has been widely analyzed especially to what circumstances occurred in EURO zone countries. This leads many economic researchers attention to prepare uncertainty beyond relationship and variation. This paper aims at estimating the dependency and conditional volatilities the growth rate of AEC exchange rate and inflation of Thailand using COPULA-GARCH models. The motivation of this journal is to reach the most rational policy for BANK of Thailand, since exchange rate is one among tangible strategies. Both margins are distributed by skewed-t, and ARMA-GARCH is fitted to monthly data. Growth rate of those variables residual independence are checked by bivariate random dependence which is represented by P-Value and for Marginal Persistence Volatilities will be tested by using Dynamic Conditional Correlation Method, Fifteen static copulas are applied to those dependencies. AIC, SIC and Kendall?s tau will be an appropriate approach to assess results. Empirical results show huge coefficients of correlations between AEC exchange rates and Thailand inflation in the short-term period and slightly correlated in the long-term period of conditional volatility and dependency. In addition, there is evidence to convince that it was a positive relationship. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 680-697 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=121&rid=4733 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704733 Classification-JEL: C01, C50, C58 Keywords: Copula; Conditional Valatility; ARMA-GARCH; Exchange Rate; Dynamic Conditional Correlation; Bivariate Independent Test Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704733 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ROENGCHAI TANSUCHAT Author-Name-First: ROENGCHAI Author-Name-Last: TANSUCHAT Author-Email: roengchaitan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Chiang Mai University Title: Portfolio Optimization of Global REITs Returns: High-Dimensional Copula-Based Approach Abstract: The objectives of this paper are to investigate the optimum portfolio of REIT index return of Asia ? Pacific, Europe, USA, and emerging markets with multivariate t copula based on GARCH model, and to measure portfolio risk with value at risk (VaR) and component VaR (CVaR). The 1,454 REIT price index return observations were collected from 1 Dec 2009 to 29 June 2015 and calculated based on a continuous compound basis. The empirical results showed that the estimated equations of USA, Europe and emerging REIT index returns were ARMA(2,2)-GARCH(1,1), while ASIA-Pacific was ARMA(3,3)-GARCH(1,1). The coefficients of t distribution of these equations were also statistically significant at 1%, meaning the assumption of t distribution for ARMA-GARCH estimation was reasonable. Then, the multivariate t copula was used to construct an optimized portfolio for high dimensional risk management. The Monte Carlo simulation was applied in order to construct the optimized portfolio by using the mean-CVaR model at the given significance level of 5% and to obtain the efficient frontier of the portfolio under different expected returns. Finally, the optimal weights of the portfolio were obtained with the various expected returns in frontier. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 698-709 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=122&rid=4838 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704838 Classification-JEL: G11, C32, C58 Keywords: REITs, Portfolio Optimization, Multivariate t Copula, CVaR Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704838 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jeremy Teitelbaum Author-Name-First: Jeremy Author-Name-Last: Teitelbaum Author-Email: jeremyteitelbaum@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: California Polytechnic State College San Luis Obisp Title: Diversity and Inclusivity in Classroom Projects Abstract: As more college classrooms become diverse, and the issue of inclusivity becomes more prevalent in higher learning, faculty find themselves in a central role of creating and moderating environments that encourage and support diversity of opinions and ideas. This paper describes a year-long project undertaken at a technical college in communication (public speaking and small groups) classes to engage students in a term-length community service project aimed at building bridges with non-profit community organizations. The primary goal of the project was twofold: first, to connect students with diverse community organizations serving individual with very different backgrounds and experiences from the students. Second, was to assign diverse students to work together on a project while applying class material about teamwork, communication, leadership, roles, decision-making and problem solving to their own experiences. Preliminary findings suggest the project was successful in achieving both goals. The framework for the project will be shared so that any instructor who is looking for an opportunity to add more diversity and inclusivity into their classrooms will be able to model a similar group project of their own. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 710-710 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=123&rid=3451 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703451 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Diversity, Inclusivity, Classroom, Groups, Projects Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703451 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Venelin Terziev Author-Name-First: Venelin Author-Name-Last: Terziev Author-Email: terziev@skmat.com Author-Workplace-Name: Vasil Levski National Military University Author-Name: Ekaterina Arabska Author-Name-First: Ekaterina Author-Name-Last: Arabska Author-Email: katya.arabska@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Vasil Levski National Military University Title: Bulgarian Experience in Labor Market Development Abstract: The political changes of the early 90-s of the twentieth century in Bulgaria lay the foundations for the development of a real labor market and major reforms in the hitherto existing social protection systems and the development of human capital. The transition from a centrally planned to a market economy in Bulgaria results in huge transformations in the ownership and structure of the national economy. These processes lead to a significant downturn in the functioning of the national economy. In these adverse economic conditions, the development of the labor market and social protection policies go through many turns due to the inconsistent policy of frequently changing governments and their different attitude towards policies on unemployment and employment. Further, the entrance of the country into the European Union challenged again the still developing economy and social system which soon after that are deeply influenced by the economic crises. The study presented outlines the main characteristics of different periods of labor market development making analyses of the statistical data available and it provides conclusions on the topic in close connection to the development of economic and social policies. Length: 24 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 711-734 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=124&rid=5161 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705161 Classification-JEL: J45, J01, J08 Keywords: employment; unemployment; labor; social; policy; development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dr. Ramna Thakur Author-Name-First: Dr. Ramna Author-Name-Last: Thakur Author-Email: ramna@iitmandi.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Title: Changing pattern of catastrophe in paying for health care in India: a disaggregated analysis Abstract: The future of any society depends on the present quality of life of people. One can imagine the future of a society which has one of the poorest health records in the world and government spends only one percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) on public health for a population of more than one billion. All economic growth indexes are moving forward but the wellness index is dipping in the country. India is Asia's third-largest economy but ranked 171 out of the 175 countries in the world in public health spending. Low spending by the government, Resource-poor settings and low insurance availability force people to divert their resources from minimum necessities to ailments and health care which imposes high regressive cost burdens and pushes them into poverty. This study aims to access the economic costs and consequences of illness for households in India. It is based on Consumer Expenditure Survey data from the National Sample Survey Origination (NSSO) conducted in 1993-94, 2004-05 and 2011-12. Household spending on health as the percentage of their consumption expenditure has been calculated separately for rural and urban areas for each state of the country. The number of individuals below the state specific rural and urban poverty lines in all states, with and without health spending at different thresholds has been calculated. Results of this study shows that both intensity and incidence of catastrophic payment on health care has increased over the period of time (1993-94 to 2004-05 and 2011-12) at all threshold level and there is a large variation in health spending among Indian states. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 735-735 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=125&rid=5015 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705015 Classification-JEL: I15, I14, I15 Keywords: India, household, health, catastrophe, threshold. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705015 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Edwin Theron Author-Name-First: Edwin Author-Name-Last: Theron Author-Email: et3@sun.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of Stellenbosch Title: REBUILDING TRUST IN THE AFTERMATH OF A FINANCIAL CRISIS Abstract: The aftermath of the 2007-2009 global financial crises can still be felt, with numerous experiencing significant deteriorations in profitability levels. However, despite the propensity of financial recovery, a deeper rooted problem has emerged: the fact that trust between business and exchange partners has mostly disappeared. Trust has always been instrumental in the development of any relationship, whether it is on country, business or individual level. It is therefore not unexpected to learn that role players are unceasingly in search of new and innovative ways through which trust can be recovered and managed.In order to manage relationships, whether it is business-to-business or business-to consumer relationships, it is important that the antecedents of trust are comprehensively identified and managed. The question arises, however, whether the concept of trust can be universally applied, and whether it varies between industries? For instance, should financial services relationships be managed differently from those in the personal care industry, or even the non-profit industry?The objective of this study is therefore to compare the establishment and management of trust amongst a diverse selection of industries. Ultimately, the study aims to provide practical suggestions on how trust should be managed within each of the industries investigated. Through a comprehensive literature review, five key antecedents of trust were identified: shared values, communication, satisfaction, reputation and competence. The literature review was followed by an empirical study in which 330 respondents were targeted by means of a quantitative research approach. Data were collected regarding respondents? perceptions of the management of trust within three distinct industries, namely the financial services industry, the non-profit industry and the personal care industry. The data were analysed by means of SPSS, where both confirmatory factor analyses and regression analyses were applied. The results of the study were somewhat unexpected. Not only could the generally-assumed and well-established antecedents of trust not be confirmed in the present study, it was also necessary to regroup some of the existing antecedents. This situation resulted in an almost urgency amongst practitioners and academics to rethink their current trust-building strategies. The major contribution of the study lies in the growing realisation that the management of trust should be approached on an industry specific level. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 736-736 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=126&rid=3447 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703447 Classification-JEL: M31, M20, M21 Keywords: Managing trust, Global financial crises, Antecedents, Financial services industry, Personal care industry, Non-profit industry Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mouhamed Thiam Author-Name-First: Mouhamed Author-Name-Last: Thiam Author-Email: mouhamed.thiam@gmx.com Author-Workplace-Name: Cardiff Metropolitan University Title: Measuring quantitatively factors influencing ethical behaviour at work Abstract: Considering the potential tangible and intangible costs of ethical failures to organisations? reputation, share price, and revenues; understanding ethics in the professional environment has become one of the important challenges management teams face nowadays. Given the limited availability of scientific instruments to study the matter, this paper reports on the validation process of study scales designed to measure the influence of different internal and external factors on anomie in the banking industry using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the scales was confirmed using Cronbach?s alpha and maximum likelihood method was applied in the factor analysis. Convergent and discriminant analysis was performed to confirm construct validity. The factor model resulting from this process showed strong fit. This paper adds to the already existing methods applied to study ethics in a professional environment. The measurements presented in this paper can be of use to managers for application in their firm and to academics for future research. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 737-737 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=127&rid=5210 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2705210 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Ethics, anomie, quantitative methods, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2705210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Wadinlada Thuratham Author-Name-First: Wadinlada Author-Name-Last: Thuratham Author-Email: wadinlada@kku.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Khon Kaen University Author-Name: Dararat Khampusaen Author-Name-First: Dararat Author-Name-Last: Khampusaen Author-Email: darkha@kku.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Khon Kaen University Title: Improving Asian Students? Writing Skills through TELL Environment: What makes the difference? Abstract: Technology-enhanced language learning (TELL) has played an importantly integral tool in providing EFL students with valuable language experiences in language classrooms. Since the introduction of recording machine for pronunciation in 1970s?, teaching and learning innovation has been advanced and moved forward with an interesting pace. It is however an unanswered question whether teaching innovation can make any true advantages to Asian students who have typically been familiar with a spoon-feeding learning approach. This study focuses on technology-enabled lessons as a supplemental teaching tool for teaching English writing to EFL university students in a Thai university. Additionally, a discussion is developed on the benefits found in using technology (e.g., web-based lessons, blogs, electronic feedback, and Microsoft Office Word) as a part of writing activities. The researcher is particularly interested in investigating on how Asian students harness technology when they have always been passive learners in schools. The paper thus further illustrates the importance of promoting learner autonomy in Asian EFL context and elaborates the main factors contributing to its development. The author also criticizes on the effectiveness of TELL in an Asian university for future advancement in EFL education. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 738-750 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=128&rid=3972 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703972 Classification-JEL: I23, I29, Z00 Keywords: TELL, learning autonomy, Asian students, writing Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703972 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anikó Tompos Author-Name-First: Anikó Author-Name-Last: Tompos Author-Email: tomposa@sze.hu Author-Workplace-Name: Széchenyi István University Title: Miscommunication during international negotiations: how much do cross-cultural differences and foreign language knowledge matter? Abstract: Recent years have seen a vast body of research into how the differences in national culture-dependent values and behaviours affect the process and outcome of international negotiations. The authors in general stress the importance of awareness of cross-cultural differences and the role of training. At the same time, some investigations carried out in Hungary indicate that business professionals working in a multicultural context tend to attribute miscommunication with their foreign partners to their insufficient foreign language skills rather than to their insufficient intercultural competencies. This is believed to be due to the little attention paid to cross-cultural differences both in formal instruction and in in-company trainings. The purpose of the present paper is to present and discuss the results of 96 interviews carried out with Hungarian business practitioners who routinely conduct negotiations with foreign counterparts, and to draw conclusions about their cross-cultural awareness through the analysis of the critical interactional incidents they recalled and how they interpreted them. The findings of the investigation show that less than one fourth of the respondents realise that cross-cultural differences need to be taken into account when preparing for and conducting negotiations, whereas the majority believe that their success in international negotiations is a result of factors other than their foreign language knowledge or intercultural competence. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 751-759 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=129&rid=4401 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704401 Classification-JEL: F23, A13, J24 Keywords: critical interactional incidents, cross-cultural awareness, foreign language knoeledge, international negotiations Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dejan Trifunovic Author-Name-First: Dejan Author-Name-Last: Trifunovic Author-Email: dejan.trifunovic123@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics Author-Name: Djordje Mitrovic Author-Name-First: Djordje Author-Name-Last: Mitrovic Author-Email: djordjem@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics Author-Name: Bojan Ristic Author-Name-First: Bojan Author-Name-Last: Ristic Author-Email: risticbj@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics Title: Network Externalities in Telecommunication Industry: An Analysis of Serbian Market Abstract: Telecommunication industry has probably the highest level of direct network effects. Direct externalities are related to the number of consumers using the same service, and indirect externalities stem from the availability of supporting services. Apart from network externalities, in telecommunication call externalities also exist when user of one network benefits from receiving free calls from users of other networks. Serbian mobile phone telecommunication market was first a duopoly market with majority state- owned Telecom Serbia and privately owned Telenor. After that a third license was sold to VIP mobile. The two incumbents were well established in the market and have long time ago reached the critical mass of users. At the beginning, users of VIP mobile benefited mainly from call externalities and incumbents reacted by price discriminating between on-net and off-net calls aiming to deter entry of new rival in the market. The entrant succeeded in obtaining new users mainly by offering lower prices than incumbents. The subsequent decision of regulatory agency to permit changing operator without changing user?s number levelled the playing field, reduced user?s switching costs and the extent of user?s lock-in. The purpose of the paper is to analyse the current level of network and call externalities in Serbia using data from the Serbian mobile telephone market for the period 2003?2013 (number of subscribers, providers? market shares and mobile call prices per minute). We show that the number of subscribers that changed their operator increased with the growing size of the new comer?s network installed base. Also, we have found that implicit price discrimination between on-net and off-net calls could be identified both in pre-paid and post-paid packages. In the former case, all operators offer cheap additional packages with large number of minutes for on-net calls. In the latter case, post-paid users can use additional large number of free minutes for on-net calls after they spent all the minutes available for calls to all networks from their existing subscription packages. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 760-760 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=130&rid=4575 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704575 Classification-JEL: L14, L96 Keywords: Network externalities, Call externalities, Price discrimination Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704575 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Johannes Tshepiso Tsoku Author-Name-First: Johannes Tshepiso Author-Name-Last: Tsoku Author-Email: johannes.tsoku@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Nonofo Phokontsi Author-Name-First: Nonofo Author-Name-Last: Phokontsi Author-Email: nonofobontlephuk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Daniel Metsileng Author-Name-First: Daniel Author-Name-Last: Metsileng Author-Email: dan.metsileng@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Health Title: Forecasting South African Gold Sales: The Box-Jenkins Methodology Abstract: The study deals with Box-Jenkins Methodology to forecast South African gold sales. For a resource economy like South Africa where metals and minerals account for a high proportion of GDP and export earnings, the decline in gold sales is very disturbing. Box-Jenkins time series technique was used to perform time series analysis of monthly gold sales for the period January 2000 to June 2013 with the following steps: model identification, model estimation, diagnostic checking and forecasting. Furthermore, the prediction accuracy is tested using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). From the analysis, a seasonal ARIMA(4,1,4)×(0,1,1)12 was found to be the ?best fit model? with an MAPE value of 11% indicating that the model is fit to be used to predict or forecast future gold sales for South Africa. In addition, the forecast values show that there will be a decrease in the overall gold sales for the first six months of 2014. It is hoped that the study will help the public and private sectors to understand the gold sales or output scenario and later plan the gold mining activities in South Africa. Furthermore, it is hoped that this research paper has demonstrated the significance of Box-Jenkins technique for this area of research and that they will be applied in the future. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 761-771 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=131&rid=4589 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704589 Classification-JEL: C53, C19, C10 Keywords: Gold sales, ARIMA, Box-Jenkins, GDP, MAPE Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704589 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ebru Tüzemen Atik Author-Name-First: Ebru Author-Name-Last: Tüzemen Atik Author-Email: ebrutuzemen@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Karamano?lu Mehmetbey University Title: The Single-Member Board of Directors According to the New Turkish Commercial Code Abstract: The New Turkish Commercial Code was adopted on 13 January 2011 and entered into force with the exception of certain provisions on 1 July 2012. The New Turkish Commercial Code introduced many important innovations and changes, of which, those related to the law of corporations stand out. Especially, many obstacles encountered by foreign investors when they attempt to establish corporations in Turkey were eliminated by the New Turkish Commercial Code. Among the changes in question are many practical and functional innovations, such as the acceptance of independent auditing upon the abolishment of the board of auditors, which was previously a department of joint-stock companies, and the obligation for companies to set up a company web-site. The New Turkish Commercial Code has enabled the joint-stock companies to comprise one shareholder only, which, earlier, could have been founded by at least five shareholders. Another complementary regulation was also made in relation to the structure of the board of directors in joint-stock companies: The board of directors, previously required to comprise at least three members, could henceforth be formed by a single member. This situation is the result of and the obligation from regulations in Turkish Law decreeing the possibility to establish joint-stock companies by a single shareholder. However, the field of application for the single-member board of directors adopted to provide coherence with the single-shareholder joint-stock company is, in fact, not limited to only such companies; a single-member board of director can also be preferred in joint-stock companies with multiple shareholders. This memorandum was prepared to indicate the conditions and principles for the formation of the single-member board of directors in joint-stock companies. Some of the requirements for the membership in a multiple-member board of directors are not stipulated for single-member board of directors in Turkish law. In addition, principles for the representation, meetings, and decision-making of the single-member board of directors are different from those of multi-member board of directors in various cases. For this reason, this work aims to discuss the single-member board of directors in the New Turkish Commercial Code in general terms, insomuch as it differs from the multiple-member board of directors. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 772-782 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=132&rid=4701 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704701 Classification-JEL: K20, K29, K00 Keywords: Single-member board of directors, joint-stock company, board of directors membership, single-shareholder joint stock company, representation of the company, management of the company, new Turkish Commercial Code, Turkish law of corporations Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704701 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Birsen UNAL Author-Name-First: Birsen Author-Name-Last: UNAL Author-Email: bahar.birsen@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: MUSEOLOGY IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Abstract: History is one of the most essential academic disciplines for the existence of states, societies and nations. Historical sources are important elements in order to research history as an academic discipline, to evaluate the past events and to illuminate the period when they occur. Aboveground and underground historical sources reveal the political, social, economic, religious and cultural approaches of the states, nations and societies. States, nations and societies have gradually paid special attention to the protection of historical artefacts within the frame of these values. They have taken them under protection.With regards to archaeology, the Ottoman Empire had been a rich country in terms of aboveground and underground historical sources because of its geographical position and historical past. However, there had not been any efficient effort to protect and evaluate the historical sources for centuries. This caused the impairment of many historical sources in the Ottoman Empire either consciously or unconsciously. Apart from the damage they got in the archaeological site where they were discovered, this situation caused the smuggling of the historical artefacts from the Ottoman Empire. After the second half of the 19th century, historical artefacts discovered within the state boundaries were taken under protection with regulations. As in other states, the ownership of historical artefacts became a prestigious element in international affairs. Operations were carried out about confiscating and recording the historical artefacts and the data related to the place where they were discovered. The increasing numbers of the collected historical artefacts in War Warehouse caused lack of space for storage. Therefore, other places were allocated to solve this problem.Preservation, protection and recording of the historical artefacts have revealed museology activities in the Ottoman Empire. Systematic museology activities, started in 1846, became one of the important issues even during the war period. In this regard, the practices and the measures taken indicate that museology activities actively operated even if they started late in the Ottoman Empire.In this study, we will discuss both the confiscation of underground and aboveground historical artefacts and the related studies conducted about this issue in the Ottoman Empire. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 783-783 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=133&rid=4567 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704567 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: Ottoman Empire, museology, source, artefact, preservation, museum Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704567 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ela ünler Author-Name-First: ela Author-Name-Last: ünler Author-Email: ela.unler@eas.bahcesehir.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Bahçe?ehir University Author-Name: sibel çal??kan Author-Name-First: sibel Author-Name-Last: çal??kan Author-Email: sibel.caliskan@bilgi.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: ?stanbul Bilgi University Title: Why Employees Hesitate to Speak Up? Understanding Manager?s Attitude towards Employee Voice Abstract: As union density has fallen recent years, employees? voice has gained more importance. Thus, analysis of voice has focused on the reasons triggerring and buffering speaking up and managerial issues regarding avialable environment to speak up. The term voice is first conceptualized by Hirschman by ?any attempt at all to change rather than to escape from an objectionable state of affairs? (Hirschman, 1970; p.30). The present study aims to understand the effect of management attitude towards voice on employee voice with the mediating effect of individual?s psychological safety. Moreover, trust to supervisor will be analyzed as a moderating variable between management attitude and employee voice. We constructed a framework based on Maynes and Podsakoff (2014)?s view that identifies 4 different types of voice behavior (supportive, constructive, defensive, and destructive). 400 questionnaires will be distributed to employees who are working in technology industry. Results and implications of our findings will be discussed. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 784-784 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=134&rid=4810 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704810 Classification-JEL: M19 Keywords: employee voice, organizational behavior, management attitude Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704810 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos Vieira Author-Name-First: Carlos Author-Name-Last: Vieira Author-Email: cvieira@uevora.pt Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade de Évora Title: A multiple criteria decision aid analysis of government performance and efficiency in the OECD Abstract: In the 2010 Toronto summit, the leaders of the G-20 countries agreed on the implementation of urgent fiscal consolidation plans, following the expansionary policies adopted to curb the recessionary effects of the financial crisis. Unprecedented cuts in public expenditures have taken place, particularly in the European Union periphery, reviving the discussion on the optimal size of the public sector. Supporters of fiscal restraint defend that bigger governments tend to be more inefficient, its opponents assume that government size determines the effectiveness of its performance. However, the social and economic impacts from contractionary fiscal policies ultimately depend on the level of public sector efficiency. Relatively inefficient governments have more scope to consolidate without compromising social welfare. In this paper, we adopt a multi criteria decision aid technique, not previously employed for the assessment of complex macroeconomic performances, and employ the ELECTRE TRI-C outranking method to categorize OECD countries on a set of criteria representing the quality of their public sectors. We then compare the obtained classifications with the share of each government?s expenditures on GDP, to identify distinct levels of efficiency. Our analysis suggests that many countries exhibit a margin for efficiency gains, attenuating the social and economic effects of fiscal consolidation policies. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 785-785 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=135&rid=4702 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704702 Classification-JEL: C44, H11, H50 Keywords: size of government; public sector performance; public sector efficiency; ELECTRE TRI-C. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704702 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Isabel Vieira Author-Name-First: Isabel Author-Name-Last: Vieira Author-Email: impvv@uevora.pt Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade de Évora Title: Students' perception of the effects of distance from the family home on academic performance ? an exploratory analysis Abstract: The transition from secondary to higher education may be a challenging time for students. Adjustment to a new social environment, different pedagogical and learning approaches, more autonomy but also more responsibility, are dealt with differently by each individual. One study concluded that the distance between the university and the family residence has, on average, a negative effect on academic performance, particularly noted on male students. However, the empirical evidence on the causes for such effect is mostly indirect. In this paper, we tentatively look into the determinants of the impact of distance on academic performance. Methodologically, we draw on data collected through a web survey applied across a sample of undergraduate students. We expect to enhance the sustained discussion over this issue, which is of the utmost importance for the families, for the universities? student support services and, ultimately, for the authorities planning the territorial dispersion of the network of higher education institutions. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 786-786 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=136&rid=4703 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704703 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Academic performance; Geographical distance; Academic transition; gender. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704703 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ya-Hsuan WANG Author-Name-First: Ya-Hsuan Author-Name-Last: WANG Author-Email: sunny.wang@ccu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chung Cheng University Author-Name: Hsin-Jen CHEN Author-Name-First: Hsin-Jen Author-Name-Last: CHEN Author-Email: hjchen@ccu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chung Cheng University Title: Re-branding the branded? A sociological analysis on Taiwan's International Image by English-speaking countries Abstract: In spite of Taiwan?s rapidly high development in manufacture and technology, it is somehow unknown to international students before they visited Taiwan; with the most confusion with Thailand. Addressing the policy of multicultural education with the focus of international literacy for teachers, this project explores the possibility, depth and width for developing the teaching materials, New Taiwan Image, of international education for English-speaking countries. Based on 24 individual interviews with Taiwan?s international students from Australia, United Kingdom, Canada and United States, this study aims to explore Taiwan?s international images in terms of its traditional culture, modern culture and popular culture. According to the research results, the most impressive image for Taiwan is its traditional culture. The researched international students in Taiwan are best impressed by its preservation of traditional cultures, values, and heritages which are equated to Chinese culture. Yet, they are least impressed by its modern culture and popular culture though people in Taiwan are mostly carrying on modern life. The researched students feel ambivalent toward Taiwan?s religious rituals like burning ghost money; and consider it as primitive and superstitious. Underneath the appreciation of old-fashioned traditional culture, the ?othering? image subtly discloses their western mentality of cultural superiority. One of the most positive images is the reputation of Taiwanese hospitality. International students soon felt people in Taiwan are very kind to white people, yet unkind to non-white people. It is so-called ?benevolent racism? because Taiwanese people favor ?whiteness?. The above findings show that cultural imperialism is still prevalent; the embedded value of cultural superiority exists in students? projection on other culture. Positive images acknowledge great preservation of exotic old culture and good development of modernity and industrialization. Negative images continuously strengthen the otherness of local culture and construct local custom as backward, weird, or mysterious. Positive and negative images on Taiwan work together to ensure dominant culture superior to any other culture that developed far below modern standard. Mostly, traditional culture was seen a stumbling stone against globalization.Hence, this article aims to rebrand the branded by suggesting that we shall develop international educational materials from the perspective of critical multiculturalism. International education should focus on constructing knowledge of new Taiwan image with the attitude of cultural equality and social justice towards cultural diversity. It is dedicated to transform and change the current situation of non-recognition or mis-recognition due to insufficient information about Taiwan. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 787-787 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=137&rid=4331 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704331 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Cultural Imperialism, International Education, National brand, New Taiwan Image Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lawrence Xaba Author-Name-First: Lawrence Author-Name-Last: Xaba Author-Email: Diteboho.Xaba@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Ntebogang Moroke Author-Name-First: Ntebogang Author-Name-Last: Moroke Author-Email: Ntebo.Moroke@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Johnson Arkaah Author-Name-First: Johnson Author-Name-Last: Arkaah Author-Email: ekow.arkaah@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Charlemagne Pooe Author-Name-First: Charlemagne Author-Name-Last: Pooe Author-Email: charlemagne.pooe@resbank.co.za Author-Workplace-Name: South African Reserve Bank Title: A Comparative Study of Stock Price Forecasting using nonlinear models Abstract: This study compared the in-sample forecasting accuracy of three forecasting nonlinear models namely: the Smooth Transition Regression (STR) model, the Threshold Autoregressive (TAR) model and the Markov-switching Autoregressive (MS-AR) model. Data used was daily close stock prices of five banks in the South African banking sector and was obtained from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). It covered the period from 2010 to 2012 with a total of 563 observations. Nonlinearity and nonstationarity tests used confirmed the validity of the assumptions of the study. The study used model selection criteria, SBC to select the optimal lag order and for the selection of appropriate models. The Mean Square Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) served as the error measures in evaluating the forecasting ability of the models. The MS-AR models proved to perform well with lower error measures as compared to LSTR and TAR models in most cases. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 788-796 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=138&rid=4207 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704207 Classification-JEL: C10, C32, E32 Keywords: Stock price, nonlinear time series models, error metrics Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lixia YAO Author-Name-First: Lixia Author-Name-Last: YAO Author-Email: ESIYAOL@nus.edu.sg Author-Workplace-Name: Energy Studies Institute, National University of Singapore Title: Energy Security of Resource-poor Countries: a New Paradigm of Conceptual Framework Abstract: It is important to recognize the similarities of the four resource-poor island countries in East Asia: Singapore, South Korea, Japan and Taiwan, which have many characteristics in common. All of them had high growth rates that had been sustained over many years. Energy production, particularly fossil fuel production in these countries is not able to keep up with the pace of energy demand growth. Therefore, they are highly dependent on imported energy. This research will present a novel framework for assessing energy security of the resource-poor island countries and evaluating energy policies of these countries. The framework consists of three dimensions: vulnerability, reliability, and sustainability. First, as these countries have little indigenous energy resources, their import dependency makes these countries highly vulnerable to disruption of energy supply. This constitutes the first critical dimension for their energy security: vulnerability. This dimension covers the primary energy resources. Second, besides the vulnerability of fossil fuels import dependency, another key factor that has deep impact on these resource-poor countries is the reliability of electric power sector, which sustains the engine of their economic growth. This dimension covers the secondary energy resources. Third, environmental issues are always closely associated with energy production and utilization. The resource-poor countries have remained committed to putting efforts in maintaining sustainability and keeping the country green. Hence, concerns of sustainability constitute an indispensable component of their contemporary energy regime. This is the third dimension for their energy security: sustainability.Based on the three dimensions of energy security, the research will compare energy policies and energy security situation of the four resource-poor countries in East Asia. Through the evaluation and comparison of their energy policies, the aim of the research is to identify energy policies that help to improve energy security of resource-poor countries, discuss the policy implications, and give suggestions to the governments. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 797-797 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=139&rid=4610 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704610 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Energy policy; energy security framework; resource-poor countries Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704610 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jimoh Yusuf Amuda Author-Name-First: Jimoh Author-Name-Last: Yusuf Amuda Author-Email: ngwadabe@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Federal University, Gusau Title: GENDERING THEORIES: SOME REFLECTIONS IN THE FEMINISTS? MOVEMENT FROM THE EIGHTEENTH TO THE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY. Abstract: This paper examined gendering theories from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century millennium. These theories arose from the women?s movement from the era of Mary Wollstonecraft (1792) across the twenty first century memory lane of feminist?s movement and feminists philosophies. These theories stemmed out of the fact that women had been undermined and under-classed in the world of human rights in all facts of development and human Endeavour. This research will Endeavour to dabble into an in-depth exegesis of these theories and implications for the success or otherwise of the women?s movement. The pedagogy applied during the course of the research is the multidisciplinary approach, use of journal articles, oral interview of some selected women and field work. The recommendations to this study are embellished under solutions and findings. The framework for this research is based on the historical differences between men and women, leading to the development of diverse theories to help in the understanding of the power relations between men and women. Feminists having different views of female oppression and how equality could be achieved have developed these theories. These diverse views and theories have been grouped into radical feminism; cultural feminism, Eco feminism and a whole lot more. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 798-798 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=140&rid=4755 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704755 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Radical feminism, Cultural feminism and Eco feminism Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704755 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Suzaini Zaid Author-Name-First: Suzaini Author-Name-Last: Zaid Author-Email: suzaini_zaid@um.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: University of Malaya Title: Is Public Low-Cost Housing in Malaysia really affordable? Measuring Operational Affordability of Public Low-Cost Housing in Kuala Lumpur. Abstract: Affordability in housing is often defined by the ratio of purchase price or rent, to total household income. At present, public low-cost housing units in Malaysia are sold or rented at below market price value being subsidized by the government. This housing affordability definition overlooks other important issues such as long-term operational costs, where a typical low-income household spends a substantial share of monthly income on energy and utility services such as electricity and water. Consequently, the apportionment or percentage of average household income spent on operational household expenditure such as rent, electricity and other utilities are investigated in this paper, by using a survey questionnaire and interview techniques. This paper presents a brief overview to how low-cost housing can contribute to sustainable development in terms of long-term operational affordability for social and economical sustainability Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 799-814 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=141&rid=3638 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2703638 Classification-JEL: O00 Keywords: Public housing. Low-cost housing. Sustainable urban housing. Triple-bottom-line. Housing Policy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2703638 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Syed Zohaib Javaid Zaidi Author-Name-First: Syed Zohaib Javaid Author-Name-Last: Zaidi Author-Email: zaidi.zohaib94@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab,Quaid-i-Azam Campus,Lahore. Title: Regeneration, Purification and Characterization of spent waste Lubricating oil at Laboratory scale Abstract: Engine Oils importance has been increased due to rapid progress of vehicle technology in the world. The lubricants are costly and need to be recycled to control economic drift. The disposal of Lubricating oil to the environment may cause serious deterioration in terms of pollution and degradation of surroundings. In this research work spent lubricating oil is subjected to chemical treatment is collected and separated carefully. The resulting regenerated product was further characterized by different experimental apparatus available for viscosity, Specific gravity, pour point, cloud point and viscosity index. Viscosity of the regenerated lubricating oil is measured by means of Viscometer apparatus. The viscosity of fresh market available sample of lubricating oil was also determined in order to compare regeneration efficiency. The specific gravity of regenerated lubricating oil was also determined using specific gravity bottle. Further the cloud point and pour point was measured for the sample of regenerated lubricating oil. The comparison of regenerated lubricating oil was done with reference to market available lubricating oil. It was discovered by comparing the regenerated sample of produced lubricating oil and available lubricating oil that the results of regenerated lubricating oil has minor difference of viscosity with that of the viscosity of the commercially available lubricating oil. The cloud point and pour point parity was also observed when collation was again done for regenerated lubricating oil with that sample of commercially available lubricating oil. The results of regenerated lubricating oil obtained are very well matched with that of market available lubricating oil. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 815-815 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=142&rid=4743 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704743 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Lubricating oil, Viscosity, Specific gravity Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704743 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Esmail Zareai Author-Name-First: Esmail Author-Name-Last: Zareai Author-Email: mosaddad5@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: student in math-Physics, High School, Shiraz, Iran Title: Importance of Psychological Effects in Life Abstract: The word psychology derives from Greek roots meaning study of the psyche, or soul (???? psukh?, "breath, spirit, soul" and -????? -logia, "study of" or "research"). The Latin word psychologia was first used by the Croatian humanist and LatinistMarko Maruli? in his book, Psichiologia de ratione animae humanae in the late 15th century or early 16th century. The earliest known reference to the word psychology in English was by Steven Blankaart in 1694 in The Physical Dictionary which refers to "Anatomy, which treats the Body, and Psychology, which treats of the Soul." In 1890, William James defined psychology as "the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their conditions". This definition enjoyed widespread currency for decades. However, this meaning was contested, notably by radical behaviorists such as John Watson, who in his 1913 manifesto defined the discipline of psychology as the acquisition of information useful to the control of behavior. Also since James defined it, the term more strongly connotes techniques of scientific experimentation. Folk psychology refers to the understanding of ordinary people, as contrasted with that of psychology professionals. Through this paper, we study effects of psychological factors in life. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2015-09 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 18th International Academic Conference, London, Sep 2015, pages 816-816 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/18th-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=27&iid=143&rid=4450 File-Function: First version, 2015 Number: 2704450 Classification-JEL: A39, A33, A31 Keywords: psychology, effects, Life Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:2704450