Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Akihiro ABE Author-Name-First: Akihiro Author-Name-Last: ABE Author-Email: abe@iwate-pu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Iwate Prefectural University Title: Case Study on Visit Characteristics of Open-air Museum Information Service Users Abstract: The purpose of this research was to gather knowledge on the behavior characteristics of visitors when they use information services, to clarify kinds of effective information services for fostering understanding of and relationships with open-air museums, and to contribute to sustainable museum management. Here, "open-air museum" does not just refer to traditional museums where items are preserved and displayed by a specialist such as a curator. It also refers to new formats, such as the ecomuseums created in France where the region's residents actively participate in maintenance and management. The scope of this research encompasses a consideration of various configurations of open-air museums (local preservation, relocating collection, restorative construction). Three cultural institutions/regions of Japan (the Hiraizumi World Heritage Site, Kitakami City?s park for traditional houses, and an open-air art museum in Iwate) were chosen. These facilities were already using a guide system for smartphones developed using the results of our previous research. In order to analyze the behavior characteristics of the visitors, we gathered quantitative data, with the cooperation of the facility managers, from the aforementioned guide system's GPS excursion logs and information browsing logs, then attempted analysis visualization using our own original GIS-based tools. By combining this quantitative method with qualitative ones, such as field observations and interviews, we were able to acquire knowledge on behavior characteristics specific to visitors of open-air museums, which unlike mere tourist facilities have a multifaceted role in cultural dissemination, tourism promotion, and regional development. Hereafter, we will implement information service design for other open-air museums in urgent need of development (facilities to preserve/pass on relics of the Great East Japan Earthquake etc.), i.e. we will apply and verify knowledge through action research while systematizing the methodology of information service design. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 1-7 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=001&rid=6153 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606153 Classification-JEL: Keywords: ICT Service Design, Museum Management, Tourist Behavior Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cenk Gokce ADAS Author-Name-First: Cenk Gokce Author-Name-Last: ADAS Author-Email: adascg@istanbul.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics Title: EXPORTING FIRMS, PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILIY: A SURVEY OF THE EVIDENCE FROM MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES Abstract: It is believed that export firms are more productive than non-export firms. The reasons for that exporting firms have to endure additional cost because of transport costs, marketing research, advertising, local regulations etc. Export firms are also inclined to pay higher wages than non-export firms, because they use a higher skilled and more productive labours. Hence, export firms have to be more productive due to these additional costs. The aim of this study is to explain whether the productivity advantage of export firms does lead to a profitability advantage of exporters compared to non-export firms. For this reason, this paper attempts to summarise previous empirical studies on the firm level data considering the relationship between exporting firms, productivity, and profitability. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 8-15 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=002&rid=6362 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606362 Classification-JEL: D22, F14, L60 Keywords: Productivity; Profitability; Exporting Firms; Manufacturing Sectors; Firm Level Data. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sina Ahmadzadeh Mashinchi Author-Name-First: Sina Author-Name-Last: Ahmadzadeh Mashinchi Author-Email: s.mashinchi@auckland.ac.nz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Auckland Title: An Economic and Environmental Assessment of New Zealand's GHG Mitigation Policies: Modelling with E3ME Abstract: This paper analyses the potential environmental and macroeconomic impacts of implementing GHG mitigation policies, notably an Environmental Tax Reform (ETR), in New Zealand using the E3M3 model, a global macroeconometric model that links the world?s economies to their energy systems and associated emissions. A number of different scenarios including a baseline are constructed to investigate the performance of the NZ ETS and other complementary mitigation policies over the commitment period (2021-2030). In the light of the model results, it is notable that the higher carbon prices especially in the early years would be necessary to achieve the ambitious GHG emissions target in New Zealand. The results also suggest that a combined NZ ETS and carbon tax approach with revenue recycling could lead to significant economic benefits. Therefore, a double dividend effect could be achievable, if New Zealand?s government recycles the revenues from carbon taxes efficiently. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 16-16 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=003&rid=6060 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3506060 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Environmental tax reform, GHG mitigation policies, NZ ETS, Energy?environment?economy modelling, Carbon tax Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3506060 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ayten Akatay Author-Name-First: Ayten Author-Name-Last: Akatay Author-Email: aytenakatay@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Author-Name: Serkan Özdemir Author-Name-First: Serkan Author-Name-Last: Özdemir Author-Email: serkanozdemirtr@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Author-Name: Abdullah K?ray Author-Name-First: Abdullah Author-Name-Last: K?ray Author-Email: abdullahkiray@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Title: An Exploratory Study on Social Media Activities of NGOs Abstract: Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are aware of the potential that internet provides them to reach out to their stakeholders and they are trying to make use of this potential. Most of the literature concerning NGOs and their social media activities shows that NGOs are having a hard time adapting to social media and they are not making full use of the potential that social media offers them (Waters, Burnett, Lamm and Lucas 2009, p. 105; Bortree and Seltzer, 2009, p. 318; Lovejoy, Waters and Saxton, 2009, p. 313; Waters and Jamal, 2011, p. 323; Muralidharan, Rasmussen, Patterson and Shin, 2011, p. 177; Miller, 2011, p. 46).The purpose of this study is to examine the social media activities of the NGOs located in the City of Çanakkale in Turkey. Data were collected through interviews with people in key positions in the NGOs and also content of social media pages of NGOs were analyzed. Facebook and Twitter are selected as social media websites examined in the study, since they are well-known and widely used sites. The goals of and expectations from NGOs? social media usage are questioned in interviews. The study also tries to determine whether NGOs are using different social media websites for different aims and in which way they are using them. Additionally the study explores with whom they interact on social media, how are they choosing to interact and how efficiently the NGOs are using the feedback they get. The challenges and shortcomings regarding NGOs? social media usage are explored as well. At the end, findings of the study are discussed, and recommendation for practitioners and possible future research implications are presented. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 17-17 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=004&rid=6244 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606244 Classification-JEL: M00, M10, M19 Keywords: Non-Governmental Organizations, Social Media, Communication Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606244 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hürmet Fulya Ak?z Author-Name-First: Hürmet Fulya Author-Name-Last: Ak?z Author-Email: hfulya@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Author-Name: Ak?n Osman Atagün Author-Name-First: Ak?n Osman Author-Name-Last: Atagün Author-Email: aosman.atagun@bozok.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Title: SOFT TOPOLOGY DERIVED BY SOFT POINTS AND FIXED POINT FUNCTIONS Abstract: Abstract: Soft set theory was proposed by Molodtsov [1], for modeling vague ness and uncertainties inherent in the problems of engineering, physical science, biological science, economics, social science, medical science, etc. Recently, studies on soft set theory are progressing rapidly. Then topological structures of soft set and fuzzy soft set have been studied by many authors recently.The notion of soft topology was introduced by Ça?man [3].In the later years soft topological structures and their properties have been studied commonly. In this study, we introduce a new approach to soft topology. We construct anew structure by giving the notion of soft points and the fixed point functions. This definition enables us to define soft usual topology. So we can study on soft path-connectedness by this way. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 18-18 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=005&rid=5797 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605797 Classification-JEL: C69 Keywords: Topology, soft topology, usual topology. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605797 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Metin Ak?z Author-Name-First: Metin Author-Name-Last: Ak?z Author-Email: metinakiz@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Author-Name: Ahmet Erdo?an Author-Name-First: Ahmet Author-Name-Last: Erdo?an Author-Email: aerdogan24@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Title: Effects of Earth?s Axial Tilt and Orbit Changes on Human History Abstract: Earth, from its formation, has been in the solar system and moving in space based on the motions of the sun. Some changes has occured in the orbit and axial tilt of earth during this travel . By this way, there are some differentations on climate changes, big natural events and ambient conditions.Human, as a part of the universe, has been effected by these critical changes. Throughout history, human searching clue for making sense of not only his position in universe but also his existence purpose, has reflected these changes onto his history, voluntary and involuntary. Milankovitch theorized mathematically that earth?s motion, axial tilt and changes of axial dislocation specifie the climate formation with the orbital press. In this study, we purpose to show that this reasons generate important changes in human history in a long process, based on Milankovitch theory. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 19-19 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=006&rid=6143 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606143 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Axial tilt, Milankovitch Theory, human history Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Muge Akyildiz Munusturlar Author-Name-First: Muge Author-Name-Last: Akyildiz Munusturlar Author-Email: mugeakyildiz@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Title: THE WAYS OF EXPERIENCING LEISURE: LEISURE MEANINGS OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS Abstract: The aim of the study is to present the results of a study examining the different ways of experiencing the leisure meanings of the undergraduate students studying in a state University in Turkey. Leisure Meanings Inventory (LMI) was used to collect data which was developed by Schulz and Watkins (2007). The first part was comprised of 23 statements related to meanings of leisure. These meanings of leisure included four dimensions which were passing time, exercising choice, escaping pressure, and achieving fulfillment. In the second part of the questionnaire, students were asked to indicate their demographic characteristics (age, gender, education level). A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, 265 of which were completely answered, resulting in a return rate of 88 percent. According to the results, the sample profile indicates the gender of respondents is dominated by females (52%) and 40% were aged between 21-22 years old. The results of the study revealed that 34% of the participants were freshmen; 22% of them were sophomore and about 21% of the participants were junior, and about 22% of the participants were senior. It was also revealed that the most experienced meaning of leisure was escaping pressure (Mean=4.00; SD=0.91). Passing time (Mean: 3.98; SD=1.01) had the second highest mean scores whereas achieving fulfillment (Mean: 3.89; SD=0.91) and exercising choice (Mean: 3.81; SD=1.01) had the lowest mean scores in regard to experienced meaning of leisure by the undergraduate students. Overall, when all meanings of leisure are evaluated together, escaping pressure and stresses of daily life come to the fore as the most experienced way of leisure. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 20-20 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=007&rid=6155 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606155 Classification-JEL: Keywords: leisure, experience, leisure meanings, undergraduate students Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606155 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mazin A. M. Al Janabi Author-Name-First: Mazin A. M. Author-Name-Last: Al Janabi Author-Email: mazinaljanabi@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: UAE University Title: Method Development Aspects of Liquidity-Adjusted Value-at-Risk (LVaR) Technique for Commodities Portfolios Abstract: This paper reviews and examines the method development aspects of Al Janabi (2012) theoretical foundations and optimization algorithms for the assessment of Liquidity-Adjusted Value at Risk (LVaR) technique under adverse market conditions. This paper focuses on the development of robust theoretical foundation and modeling framework that attempt to tackle the issue of market/liquidity risk and economic-capital estimation at a portfolio level and within a multivariate context. The proposed optimization algorithm demonstrates that better investable commodities portfolios can be obtained than using the traditional Markowitz?s (1952) portfolio theory. In addition, the optimization algorithm has shown that portfolio managers can obtain financially meaningful investable portfolios and demonstrated interesting market-microstructures? patterns which cannot be attained by using the classical Markowitz?s mean?variance approach. Advantages of the method include:?Developed algorithms can aid in advancing portfolio management in financial and commodities markets by testing for investable portfolios subject to meaningful financial constraints.?Investable commodities portfolios cannot be achieved via Markowitz's (1952) classical portfolio approach as the empirical results indicate that investable commodities portfolios lie off the efficient frontier.?The proposed modeling technique can be used by risk managers and portfolio managers for the assessment of appropriate asset allocations of different investable commodities portfolios under crisis market outlooks. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 21-21 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=008&rid=5760 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605760 Classification-JEL: C10, C13, G20 Keywords: Commodity; Financial Engineering; Liquidity-Adjusted Value-at-Risk; Optimization; Portfolio Management Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605760 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SALAH ALHAJ Author-Name-First: SALAH Author-Name-Last: ALHAJ Author-Email: salah@sharjah.ac.ae Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sharjah Title: Government organisations development through ISO9000:2008 Abstract: ISO 9000 (2008) is a quality management system with a high reputation all around the globe. It is a set of requirements used by organisations to attain customer satisfaction. The number of organisations implementing the ISO 9000 (2000) are increasing rapidly worldwide.The influence of the trend to raise quality has reached the Middle East through the efforts of organisations to implement the ISO 9000 (2008) quality management system. In the United Arab Emirates there are more than 1400 (one thousand four hundred) organisations registered with the ISO 9000. Private companies have made great efforts to implement the system in the country. Additionally government departments have started quality initiatives by implementing the ISO 9000 (2008). In particular, the Sharjah Government Departments in the United Arab Emirates were one of the leading government departments that gained ISO 9000 certification. Although a good many government departments have got the certification and have followed it, others have not yet done so. Therefore the aim of this research is to identify and analyse the barriers to implementing ISO 9000 (2008) in some government departments in the United Arab Emirates.In order to achieve the research aim, an empirically based system ratio analysis of four case studies covering organisations in the Sharjah government was carried out. Substantial field work was undertaken using a predominantly qualitative approach. Data was collected through semi structured interviews, to explore the implementation of ISO 9000, and to provide a more holistic understanding using triangulation techniques. The primary contribution of this research is an in-depth understanding of the barriers to implementing ISO 9000 (2008) in some government departments in the United Arab Emirates. This study identified unique barriers affecting the ISO 9000 (2008) implementation in the Government Departments. They were divided into four main categories: social barriers, external barriers, Governmental barriers and organisational barriers. The key findings of the research indicate that the departments covered by the case face considerable numbers of barriers affecting the implementation of ISO 9000 (2008), taking into consideration the culture which plays a major role in the departments concerned. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 22-22 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=009&rid=6114 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606114 Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: iso9000, quality, change Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Alizadeh Jamal Author-Name-First: Mohammad Author-Name-Last: Alizadeh Jamal Author-Email: alizadehjamal.m@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Emam Mohammad Bagher Branch, Farhangian University, Bojnord, Iran Author-Name: Habib Safarzadeh Author-Name-First: Habib Author-Name-Last: Safarzadeh Author-Email: majmath2014@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Emam Mohammad Bagher Branch, Farhangian University, Bojnord, Iran Author-Name: seyed Jalal Langari Author-Name-First: seyed Jalal Author-Name-Last: Langari Author-Email: m_alizadehjamal@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Emam Mohammad Bagher Branch, Farhangian University, Bojnord, Iran Author-Name: Mouna bibi Langari Author-Name-First: Mouna bibi Author-Name-Last: Langari Author-Email: Mohammad.30mehr@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Emam Mohammad Bagher Branch, Farhangian University, Bojnord, Iran Title: Position of Entrepreneurial Thinking in Iran's Education System Abstract: Objectives of education systems of various societies will face new challenges through the path leads them into new and variable situation of new industrial technologies of the third millennium in which philosophical, scientific, cultural, social and economic foundations of societies will experience deep developments. The education system can play a key role to adapt societies to the new situation. The education system should pave the way for developing certain features such as independence-seeking, risk-taking, innovation, self-esteem and foresight in students through proposing proper training programs. Based on promoting entrepreneurial thinking, the education system can provide a condition in which the educated may act as producers instead of job seekers and may start businesses not only for themselves, but also for others. Thus, this study tries to analyze the position of entrepreneurial thinking in Iran's education system using examining the entrepreneurial features of students. To do so, a number of 335 students (third grade of high school) were selected through stratified random sampling based on discipline and gender. Then a questionnaire was used to collect and analyze the required data. The results gained from analysis of data imply that the educational programs of Iran's education system have failed to provide a proper condition to improve the entrepreneurial features of students. The results of the analysis of the variance, used to compare the performance of training programs in different schools, indicate that there was no difference among various schools in improving entrepreneurial spirit for students. There was no significant difference between students of various schools in terms of having entrepreneurial spirit, as well. Likewise T-test, used to compare the entrepreneurial spirit of girl and boy students in average, showed that there is no significant relationship between gender and entrepreneurial spirit. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 23-32 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=010&rid=5768 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605768 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Education System, Entrepreneurial Spirit, Students, Schools Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605768 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dhoha AlSaleh Author-Name-First: Dhoha Author-Name-Last: AlSaleh Author-Email: alsaleh.d@gust.edu.kw Author-Workplace-Name: Gulf University for Science and Technology Title: Social Media Impact on Consumers in Developed and Developing Countries: The Case of US and Kuwait Abstract: Understanding impact of social media on user's attitude is important. As social media have become very popular amongst people and have become an integral part of the world economy in recent years, predicting impact of social media sites has become a major goal of many researchers in academia and industry. The objectives of the proposed research are two-fold. The first objective is to identify factors that strongly predict consumers' attitudes toward social media usage. The second objective is to investigate how culture influences adoption of social media in developed and less developed countries. The research draws upon the Theory of Reasoned Action, TRA (Fishbein & Ajzen 1975) and the Technology Acceptance Model, TAM (Davis 1989). To achieve the objectives of this research, an English and Arabic Online survey is developed for the US and Kuwait samples and then Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used for testing of the hypothesized relationships and to compare the two cultures. This research provides valuable information and new insights for scholars and managers. The results of this study enable marketing managers understand the importance of social media that can be used to enhance their business. More specifically, the research will assist marketing managers in Kuwait and the US in understanding the critical factors that lead businesses to create their own social media sites by identifying what factors affect consumer's attitude toward social media sites in order for business owners to focus on the most important factors without placing unnecessary emphasis on aspects which are proven to be less important. Furthermore, based on the positive significant results, marketing managers in the two countries are be able to develop effective advertisement strategies through social media based on the proper mix of factors depending on the target market. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 33-33 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=011&rid=5860 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605860 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Social Media, Critical Mass, Attitude, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Theory of Reasoned Action, Technology Acceptance Model. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605860 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Eugenia Ameh Author-Name-First: Eugenia Author-Name-Last: Ameh Author-Email: eugeniaameh232@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Doctoral Student - University of Agriculture, Makurdi Author-Name: Indira Aernyi Author-Name-First: Indira Author-Name-Last: Aernyi Author-Email: ameheugenia232@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Dept of Social Studies Title: Human Resources Mobilization; An Important Factor For Educational Management And Development Abstract: Personnel in educational institution are a strong resource for its development and valuable in the accomplishment of the organizational objectives. The productivity of an educational institution is strongly related to its people and strategies. Some of them identify with the school and are motivated in helping to reach goals, while others see the school as a vehicle meant to satisfy their own targets. The personnel of a school brings along a wide range of qualifications, abilities, and knowledge, which might not necessarily be beneficial to the school. This paper examines the value of motivation regarding the productivity of staff members Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 34-43 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=012&rid=6412 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606412 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Human resources; Human resources management; Motivation; Educational development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606412 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Abba Aminu Author-Name-First: Abba Author-Name-Last: Aminu Author-Email: abbasron@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bayero University, Kano Author-Name: Zayyad Adam Abdullahi Author-Name-First: Zayyad Author-Name-Last: Adam Abdullahi Author-Email: zyd014@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bayero University, Kano Author-Name: Yusuf Abdullahi Muhammed Author-Name-First: Yusuf Author-Name-Last: Abdullahi Muhammed Author-Email: ymabdullahi@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (NAERLS) Author-Name: Mansur Idris Author-Name-First: Mansur Author-Name-Last: Idris Author-Email: idirsmansur@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bayero University, Kano Title: Mismanagement and its Consequences to Farm Business Prospect and Sustainability: Evidences from Commercial Far Abstract: The objective of any business is to make profit, not necessarily maximum profit or super-normal profit but a certain level of profit is necessary if the business is to continue. The business therefore has to be effectively managed in order to achieve this objective. The fundamental cause of failure and ultimate collapse of many businesses be it in the agricultural or non-agricultural sector is traceable to mismanagement. The unique nature and magnitude of farm businesses and thus the disastrous consequences of mismanagement, poses additional challenge to their managers. The main objective of the study was to identify and discussed the causes, manifestations and consequences of mismanagement and suggest means by which it can be mitigated among commercial farms. Data from three (3) commercial farms selected from four northern states of Nigeria were collected, analyzed and discussed as case studies to illustrate the issue in a pragmatic manner. Length: 5 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 44-48 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=013&rid=5976 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605976 Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: Mismanagement, businesses, Farm Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605976 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ak?n Osman Atagün Author-Name-First: Ak?n Osman Author-Name-Last: Atagün Author-Email: aosman.atagun@bozok.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Author-Name: Hüseyin KAMACI Author-Name-First: Hüseyin Author-Name-Last: KAMACI Author-Email: huseyin.kamaci@bozok.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Title: A DECISION MAKING METHOD OBTAINED BY REDUCING SOFT MATRICES Abstract: Soft matrices was firstly defined by Ça?man and Engino?lu [3]. These are representations of soft sets, introduced by Molodtsov [1], for modelling vagueness and uncertainties inherent in the problems of engineering, physical science, biological science, economics, social science, medical science, etc. Ça?man and Engino?lu [3], presented a decision making method, called soft max-min decision making method, by using the concept of soft matrix. In this study, firstly, we define two new soft matrix operations and obtain some of their properties. Secondly, we construct a new decision making method by using soft matrices. The soft decision making we constructed in this study is more practical among the other decision making methods and can be successfully applied to many problems that contain uncertainties. Finally, two applications of decision making problems in which it is necessary to use these new soft matrix operations, are presented. Since this decision making method constructed on soft matrices, then it can be easily transferred to a computer. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 49-49 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=014&rid=5796 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605796 Classification-JEL: C69 Keywords: Soft set, Soft matrix, Soft operations, Decision making Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605796 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SA'ADI AWANG Author-Name-First: SA'ADI Author-Name-Last: AWANG Author-Email: idie398@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA Author-Name: SITI ARNI BASIR Author-Name-First: SITI ARNI Author-Name-Last: BASIR Author-Email: sitiarni@um.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA Title: Challenges of Human Capital Development in Islamic Administration Institutes in Malaysia (IAM) Abstract: Human capital development is crucial in ensuring organizational excellence. Excellent organizations usually focus on the quality of their human capital. Excellent human capital management can be developed by learning, training, work experiences, human resource management and quality of service offered. Today, to ensure success of human capital, there are many challenges faced by an organization. The aim of this study is to explore human capital development in Islamic Administration Institutes in Malaysia (IAM). This study is important to identify challenges involved in human capital development program in IAM. The Malaysian Government is implementing public administration reformation agenda in the IAM which is an essential component of public administration involved in the renewal process. One of the reformations that can be made possible is by executing an effective human capital program. This paper is a qualitative study in which content analysis is used to analyze the content of previous literature, documents and reports related to topics being studied. The results show that human capital development in the IAM is actively implemented. IAM also faced a number of challenges in implementing the human capital development program. Preliminary findings from Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM) case studies found a number of challenges in developing the human capital. Some of the factors are financial, individual attitudes, lack of support on new ideas and environmental. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 50-59 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=015&rid=5499 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605499 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Human capital development, status, challenges, Islamic Administration Institutes, transformation. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605499 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: fatih ayhan Author-Name-First: fatih Author-Name-Last: ayhan Author-Email: fatih_ayhan@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Selcuk Title: Defining The Relationship Between The Real Exchange Volatility And Foreign Direct Investment In Turkey Abstract: In this research, the relationship between real exchange rate volatility and foreign direct investment (FDI) is examined in theoretically and empirically by covering 1998Q1-2015Q4 period for Turkey. In the empirical modelling, FDI is explained with economic growth, exchange volatility and trade openness parallel with the existing literature. Moreover exchange rate volatility variable is computed by employing GARCH type model. The Bound Test approach which is proposed by Peseran et al. (2001) is employed in order to investigate the cointegration relationship between the variables. After we found cointegration, we analysed long and short term coefficients by using ARDL model. According to model?s results, growth and openness has positive and statistically significant effect on FDI, while volatility has negative effect on FDI as expected. However coefficient of volatility is statistically insignificant on FDI. Because of volatility coefficient is not statistically significiant, we can conclude that foreign investors take into consideration sustainable growth and openness for investing in Turkey instead of exchange rate volatility. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 60-60 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=016&rid=6278 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606278 Classification-JEL: E44, F31, F21 Keywords: Exchange Rate Volatility, Domestic Investment, ARDL Model Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Edward Bace Author-Name-First: Edward Author-Name-Last: Bace Author-Email: e.bace@mdx.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Middlesex University Business School Title: Stock Returns and Leverage: Analysis of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, 2000-2015 Abstract: PurposeThe theoretical framework of the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) posists that lower WACC, often achieved by use of debt, should facilitate good returns to shareholders, and higher shareholder value, that is if management is adept at investing in projects yielding returns above the WACC. In other words, finding good projects should be made easier by a lower hurdle rate on investment, thus translating into returns comparable to or above the WACC. Does the relationship between WACC, actual returns, and financial leverage hold as predicted, wherein higher leverage should result in higher actual returns and higher valuations, in line with expectations?MethodologyThis brief study looks at performance (total equity market returns to shareholders, on an annual basis) of Dow Jones Industrial Average companies over a recent sixteen year period (2000-2015), versus financial leverage, on the hypothesis that higher leverage (within limits) should enhance shareholder returns. Regression analysis is performed on these shareholder returns versus net debt to market capitalisation of these companies using Bloomberg data. FindingsThis investigation finds evidence that shareholder returns were not positively related to financial leverage on average over the time period. In fact, a negative relationship is observed, in that higher debt was accompanied by lower returns. The analysis shows significance, and does not support arguments for benefits of financial leverage to returns. Meaningful variations are noted year on year, with greater adherence to expectations over a longer time frame.On the other hand, a negative relationship between WACC and leverage is supported by our analysis, as predicted by the theory, although the results of this small sample lack significance. The benefit of more low cost debt funding translates in our observation into lower WACC, if not better actual realised returns.ImplicationsThis result implies that the market over this period is not rewarding firms that use more leverage, or that greater use of debt is not translating into benefits associated with lower WACC. These observations lead us to look for explanations, including management capabilities, target capital structure and time horizon. We make suggestions for further research, encompassing different and wider samples. These explanations have wider ramifications for interpretation and implementation of cost of capital theories. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 61-61 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=017&rid=6305 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606305 Classification-JEL: G10, G32, G39 Keywords: Keywords: cost of capital, WACC, leverage, stock returns, valuation, DJIA Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jannah Baker Author-Name-First: Jannah Author-Name-Last: Baker Author-Email: jannah.baker@sydney.edu.au Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sydney Title: Ameliorating the global crisis of type 2 diabetes: reducing avoidable hospitalisations Abstract: BackgroundThe epidemic of Type 2 diabetes is one of the world?s main disablers and killers. Increasing in every country of the world, it is the fastest growing chronic condition globally with enormous social and economic costs. Immediate action is required to manage diabetes early and prevent complications. In 2015, diabetes affected an estimated 415 million people and caused 5.1 million deaths. It is projected to affect 642 million (10% of population) by 2040 with related expenditure exceeding 802 billion USD unless action is taken to reduce the global burden. Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90-95% of diabetic cases and is the leading cause of kidney failure, nontraumatic lower-limb amputation, new cases of blindness, and a major cause of heart disease and stroke. These consequences and subsequent hospitalisation can potentially be mitigated with quality primary care. Thus, it is critical to identify patients at risk of type 2 diabetes complications within a community setting. This study identifies types of patient who are at risk for hospitalisation for type 2 diabetes complications and adverse outcomes during their hospital stay.MethodsModels were fit to five years of hospital data and Census data for the New South Wales North Coast in Australia. Factors associated with hospitalisation for type 2 diabetes complications, multiple admissions, longer length of stay, readmissions within 28 days and admission to intensive care unit (ICU) were examined.ResultsAmong the cohort of 11,293 patients with type 2 diabetes, patients were more likely to be hospitalised for type 2 diabetes complications if older and female, and less likely if comorbid with other chronic conditions. For a range of fourteen general patient profiles, the probability of hospitalisation for a type 2 diabetic complication and the probability for multiple admissions, longer length of stay, readmissions within 28 days and ICU admission were estimated.DiscussionThis discussion will canvass the fourteen patient profiles for whom predictive analytics can direct mitigation efforts of type 2 diabetes-related hospital readmissions. Differing predictive characteristics (e.g. demographics, comorbidities) have been shown to require tailored strategies, and these will be highlighted. Early identification within the community of individuals at high risk for diabetic complications is crucial. Through quality management of these individuals, it is possible to prevent the complications of diabetes and ameliorate the global crisis arising from the diabetic epidemic. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 62-62 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=018&rid=5912 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605912 Classification-JEL: I10, I18, I31 Keywords: diabetes, hospitalisation, modelling Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605912 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ÖZLEM BECERIK YOLDAS Author-Name-First: ÖZLEM Author-Name-Last: BECERIK YOLDAS Author-Email: oez_bec@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Author-Name: YUNUS YOLDAS Author-Name-First: YUNUS Author-Name-Last: YOLDAS Author-Email: yunus_yoldas@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Title: A New Political Perspective: Simulative Democracy Abstract: When the idea of democracy first appeared and applied in the ancient Greece, many political thinkers have begun to discuss critically about its nature and justification. It seemed as a successful form of government in the 20th century, but due to globalization, modern societies have undergone a profound change and transformation and democracy experienced many setbacks in the 21st century. Even in well-established democracies political perception and social values changed. Global financial and political crisis that democracy faced, led to a weakness of the ideals of democracy and political alienation. As a result, today, theoretical discussions such as democracy without democracy, democracy without politics or post-democracy emerge to point the sign of the malaise of democracy. Against this background, this paper tries to illuminate, building on the work of Ingolfur Blühdorn?s ?Simulative Democracy? the future of democracy and the triggers for the crisis of democracy. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 63-63 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=019&rid=5905 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605905 Classification-JEL: Keywords: New Politics, Ingolfur Blühdorn, Simulative Democracy, Future of Democracy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605905 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Blajer-Go??biewska Author-Name-First: Anna Author-Name-Last: Blajer-Go??biewska Author-Email: a.blajer@ug.edu.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Gdansk Author-Name: Dagmara Wach Author-Name-First: Dagmara Author-Name-Last: Wach Author-Email: dwach@ug.edu.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Gdansk Author-Name: Maciej Kos Author-Name-First: Maciej Author-Name-Last: Kos Author-Email: mkos@ccs.northeastern.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Northeastern University Title: Information avoidance in financial decision making Abstract: When making financial decisions, decision-makers should perceive having complete risk information as beneficial. Surprisingly, in some situations decision-makers prefer to know less than more, even when it may result in losing money. Some shareholders do not keep themselves informed about the company they have invested in, and some online customers prefer not to read the terms of service of the online stores they shop at. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of selected characteristics of financial threats on individuals? decisions to avoid information about the probability that a given threat may occur. To reach this goal, we conducted an incentivized full-factorial 2x2x2 experiment in which subjects (n=395) made financial decisions to minimize the amount of money they could lose. We investigated their behaviour under such threat focusing mainly on their willingness to attain information that can protect them from losing money.We hypothesized that: (1) the more serious the financial threat, the fewer people avoid risk information; (2) the higher the perceived probability of the financial threat, the more people avoid risk information; (3) the lower the effectiveness of prevention of the threat, the more people avoid risk information. Additionally, we investigated the role of coping-styles (Miller, 1987) and locus of control (Rotter, 1966) on risk information avoidance in the financial domain. Specifically, we tested the conjectures that: (4) blunters are less likely to attain risk information than monitors; (5) external locus of control leads to more risk information avoidance than internal locus of control. Furthermore, we controlled for: anticipated emotional response, rational/emotional thinking, risk attitudes, and basic demographics.To analyse the data we ran a logistic regression model with Huber-White sandwich variance estimator and rejected hypotheses 1-3. However, we found an interesting interaction effect: the effect of threat severity on information avoidance depends on perceived probability of the threat. Specifically, people tend to avoid financial risk information more often when the financial threat is more serious and the perceived probability of the threat is high. In other words, they avoid financial risk information when knowing it would benefit them most. Finally, our data provides support for hypotheses 4 and 5, and suggests that anticipated emotional response and sex are statistically significant predictors of financial risk information avoidance. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 64-65 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=020&rid=6236 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606236 Classification-JEL: D81, G02, D03 Keywords: Decision making, behavioural economics, behavioural finance, risk information avoidance Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: NURULLAH CALIS Author-Name-First: NURULLAH Author-Name-Last: CALIS Author-Email: n.calis@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY Author-Name: SIRIN TARGAN CALIS Author-Name-First: SIRIN Author-Name-Last: TARGAN CALIS Author-Email: stargan01@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: YBU EGITIM VE ARASTIRMA Title: Social Policy for Education: Assessing Needs of Turkey Abstract: Social policies generally refer to the social welfare interventions aimed to resolve social problems on employment, housing, education, health and social services. Education, as a major field of welfare system, is quite significant for social policy framework. Hence, social welfare state has important responsibilities on providing education facilities and services for whole society. At this point, there is a strong need for effective policies which can resolve problems in education settings and optimise education processes for best learning and teaching. When examining the case of Turkey, it can be seen that there are some social policy practices in education which mainly consist of social assistance programs and social responsibility initiatives. Stipends, course materials and other supports for students, food and housing services of schools, preventive health services are some of welfare practices for education. There are also some education policies pursued by National Education Ministry to increase schooling rates at all education levels, decrease drop-out rates, bring more special education facilities into service and provide technical and material support for all government schools. Besides, some civil initiatives and private institutions conduct various projects to improve vocational education, promote school attending and provide needed equipments for schools. Unfortunately, all these efforts can not be an effective and holistic framework towards solution of school problems. It is obvious that there has been various ongoing social problems in school settings in Turkey such as violence, harassment, substance abuse, family-related problems, mental health problems. There is a remarkable lack of social policy in this field. This actually indicate a need for enhanced social services and social work in schools. In this regard, this study suggests some effective social policies for education and refers to the significance of school social work services in Turkish school settings. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 66-66 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=021&rid=6152 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606152 Classification-JEL: I28, I28, I29 Keywords: Social policy in education, education in Turkey, government policy in education, school social work Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Vitor Castro Author-Name-First: Vitor Author-Name-Last: Castro Author-Email: vcastro@fe.uc.pt Author-Workplace-Name: University of Coimbra and NIPE Title: Shades of red and blue: Political ideology and sustainable development Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of political ideology on sustainable development. The value of doing this is two-fold. First, in the face of important social challenges, ranging from climate change to aging populations, the question of sustainable development has become a top priority for many observers and policy makers. Second, sustainability is intrinsically linked to issues of governance.Thus, we study the effect of political ideology on sustainable development, measured as investment in genuine wealth, in a dynamic panel of 79 countries between 1981 and 2013. We find that a switch from a left-wing or centrist government to a right-wing government has a robust positive and statistically significant effect on investment in genuine wealth. We find no evidence of opportunistic cycles in these investments. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 67-67 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=022&rid=6234 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606234 Classification-JEL: C23, D72, I31 Keywords: Sustainable development, Political ideology; Genuine investment. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ayse Rezan ÇEÇEN ERO?UL Author-Name-First: Ayse Rezan Author-Name-Last: ÇEÇEN ERO?UL Author-Email: rezancecen@mu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Mu?la S?tk? Kocman University Author-Name: Melek BEYHAN MAYDA Author-Name-First: Melek Author-Name-Last: BEYHAN MAYDA Author-Email: melekbeyhan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bak?m Okulu ve E?itim Merkezi Komutanl??? Rehberlik ve Dan??ma Müdürlü?ü, Title: Childhood Trauma Experience and Emotion Management Skills in Predicting General Psychological Health* Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between general psyhological health and childhood trauma experiences (physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse and emotional neglect), emotion management skills and to examine which variables the best predictor of general psychological health (anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, hostility). The participants of the study were 188 female (64%) , 108 male (36%) total 296 university students. The age range was from 17 to 27 (M= 20.76; SD= 1.81). To collect data Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (Bernstein et al., 2003), Emotion Management Skills Scale (Çeçen, 2006) and Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1992) have been applied to the students. After collecting data Pearson Momentum Correlation and Stepwise Regression statistic analysis were applied. The results indicated that there are significant negative moderate and relatively strong correlations between emotion management skills and depression, anxiety, negative self, somatization, hostility and there are significant negative correlations between emotion management and psychological abuse, psychological neglect, physical abuse, physical neglect. In addition, the results have displayed that there are positive significant correlations between psychological abuse, psychological neglect, physical abuse, physical neglect and depression, anxiety, negative self, somatization, hostility (except physical neglect and depression). The stepwise regression analyses indicated that emotion management skills and emotional abuse were the best predictor of depression (30.7 %) , anxiety (28.4%), negative self (33.6%), somatization (19.4%), hostility (23.1% total variance were explained ). *This study is a part of Melek Beyhan Mayda?s master thesis under supervision of Prof. Ay?e Rezan Çeçen-Erogul at the Psychological Counseling and Guidance Programme.*This study was supported by Mu?la S?tk? Koçman University BAP. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 68-68 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=023&rid=6035 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606035 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Childhood trauma experiences, emotion management skills, general psychological health, university students Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606035 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: NER?MAN ÇEL?K Author-Name-First: NER?MAN Author-Name-Last: ÇEL?K Author-Email: n.celik34@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SELCUK UNIVERSITY Title: HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION: A STUDY OF THEORET?CAL Abstract: The world rapidly changes. This change increase the competition and force companies to change. This change increases the importance of the high quality workforce. Now the enterprise is human power, the investment to workforce also sets out the future of the enterprises. Anyhow, in order to follow up and to accommodate changes, companies value existent workforce and see education and development activities as an important investment to this resource. This study gives theoretical information about the human resources management and the role of the education enhancing human resources capacity. The last part indicates conclusions of this study. . . . Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 69-75 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=024&rid=5996 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605996 Classification-JEL: M50 Keywords: Organization, Human Resources, Educat?on Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605996 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: NER?MAN ÇEL?K Author-Name-First: NER?MAN Author-Name-Last: ÇEL?K Author-Email: n.celik34@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SELCUK UNIVERSITY Title: Sustainability and Entrepreneurship Abstract: Humanity is at the parting of the ways because of the climate change taking place in the whole planet, draining of world's resources and destructions which are not easy to redeem. As a result of the activities of people during the past century, it has spread into the atmosphere in large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Global warming has negatively effect on environment, our water resources, agricultural conditions, energy production and transport system, our health and safety. The outcomes of the effects should be taken into consideration. Rapidly changing world order brings back changing of the business model in the business world. In this study, the necessity of the sustainability and the action that are taken to achieve this aim will be examined. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 76-81 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=025&rid=5569 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605569 Classification-JEL: L26 Keywords: Sustainability, Entrepreneurship,Environmental Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605569 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Paiboon Chaosuansreecharoen Author-Name-First: Paiboon Author-Name-Last: Chaosuansreecharoen Author-Email: paiboon1962.chao@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Trang Author-Name: Kannika Ruangdej Chaosuansreecharoen Author-Name-First: Kannika Author-Name-Last: Ruangdej Chaosuansreecharoen Author-Email: kanni43@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Trang Title: Quality of Life among Elderly in Elderly Clubs of Three Southern Border Provinces of Thailand Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to measure the quality of life (QoL) among elderly in strong elderly club of three southern border provinces and to identify its some determinant factors.Background: The insurgence of violence in three southern border provinces of Thailand that began in January 2004 is directly or indirectly affecting the lives of up to a million elderly living in Narathiwat, Pattani, and Yala. The violence included bomb attacks and daily killings of state officials and local villagers. Currently, the violence has increased in complexity, frequency and severity. Thai Government is concerned with providing for sustained social welfare for the aging population. The government implemented a policy of elderly club in all sub-districts, places where older persons in the local area can gather and enjoy social activities. Thus, it is believed that the elderly club is one strategy to improve well-being among elderly living in three southern border provinces. Methods: This was cross-sectional survey of a random sample of members of strong elderly club in three southern border provinces. The constructively QoL was measured on economic, social, environmental, health, and attitudinal domain. The study participants were interviewed at their elderly clubs. Descriptive statistics were used in this study. The analytical procedure of stepwise multiple regressions were conducted to predict QoL determinant.Findings: The results revealed that elderly who were member of the strong elderly club in three southern border provinces showed high level of QoL (Economic domain = 54.4%, Social domain = 76.8%, Environmental domain = 97.6%, Health domain = 69.6%, Attitudinal domain = 94.4% and Total QoL = 86.8%). The stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the best fit model included six predictors of frequency of elderly club participation, having money saving, social capital on social network component, life satisfaction and happiness, feeling of safety from violence and age. All six predictors could explain 59.9% of the variance of QoL. Of the six predictor variables, a stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that frequency elderly club participation was most strongly related to QoL. Age was negative associated with QoL.Implications: The result has shown that active members have higher QoL than non-active members. Thus, the community must recognize the value of nurturing the well-being of the elderly in order to maintain an active club that enhances the quality of life of the elderly in the three southern border provinces. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 82-94 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=026&rid=6107 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606107 Classification-JEL: I00 Keywords: Quality of Life, Elderly Club, Three Southern Border Provinces of Thailand Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: YU-LIANG CHI Author-Name-First: YU-LIANG Author-Name-Last: CHI Author-Email: maxchi@cycu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Chung Yuan Christian University Author-Name: Tsang-Yao Chen Author-Name-First: Tsang-Yao Author-Name-Last: Chen Author-Email: polochen@cycu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Chung Yuan Christian University Title: Learning Path Adaptivity in Support of Flipped Learning: A Knowledge-based Approach Abstract: Flipped learning inverts the two learning spaces of traditional education: the classroom group learning space and the homework individual learning space. In flipped learning, learners are exposed to direct instruction for basic knowledge acquisition before coming to the classroom for active learning with the teacher and peers. In recent years, flipped learning has received vast attention from educational practitioners and researchers. However, this study argues that existing e-learning systems mainly serve for learning management and content delivery purposes and lack support for flipped learning. As an innovative educational approach, flipped learning needs more pedagogical elements such as integrated instructional design and adaptive content delivery to achieve effective direct instruction. This study aims to create a learning adaptivity design to effectively support learning in the flipped individual learning space where the teacher is absent. Since teaching involves various pedagogical and content knowledge sources, we propose a conceptual model of teaching as the function of the knowledge triad of curriculum guidance (G), teaching activity (A), and learning object (O). To realize such conceptualization, ontological problem-solving approach is used for knowledge-based system (KBS) development to integrate the relevant knowledge sources. The knowledge model is created using the Protégé platform to develop the OWL-based domain ontology, task ontology, and the SWRL-based semantic rules to enable inference among the GAO triad for learning adaptivity. The case experiment results show that the KBS prototype is able to adaptively guide student learning in the flipped individual learning space with the knowledge sources considered. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 95-107 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=027&rid=5780 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605780 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Flipped learning; Individual learning space; Knowledge-based system; Ontological problem-solving Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605780 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Koolchalee Chongcharoen Author-Name-First: Koolchalee Author-Name-Last: Chongcharoen Author-Email: koolchalee@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sukhothai Thammatirat Open University Author-Name: Ratana Daungkaew Author-Name-First: Ratana Author-Name-Last: Daungkaew Author-Email: ratadaung@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sukhothai Thammatirat Open University Title: Higher Education Policies in Promoting ASEAN Community: The case of Myanmar Abstract: The purposes of this paper were to present a general overview of the background of Myanmar higher education, the higher education policy formulation, and the faced challenges related to its higher educational policies for promoting ASEAN community. In order to achieve the purposes, two research methods; documentary research and in-depth interviews were employed. The purposive random sampling was used to select the participants. The key informants were the executives in higher educational policy setting and the stakeholders. The data were analyzed by content analysis. The study demonstrated that higher institutions in Myanmar have been under the supervision of 13 ministries and are allocated budgets by Ministry of Education. At the same time, the universities are concerned with their own governance, administration, and respective ministries. The findings showed that the policy development process of the higher education has gradually transition from the highly centralized to be the part of the participation of many relevant groups from educational stakeholders. The research also revealed the faced challenges related to Myanmar higher educational policies for promoting ASEAN community. The major challenges were concern with student equity, access, autonomy and choices; language; information technology and facilities; human resource; financial; research; and quality assurance and credit transfer. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 108-122 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=028&rid=6242 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606242 Classification-JEL: Keywords: higher education policy; ASEAN community; Myanmar Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksei Churilov Author-Name-First: Aleksei Author-Name-Last: Churilov Author-Email: Lefikantor@yandex.ru Author-Workplace-Name: Tomsk State University Title: The nature of Bitcoin and some practical aspects of its use by business Abstract: Cryptocurrencies have become very popular in past few years. At recent time Bitcoin holds a dominant position on cryptocurrency markets. Lots of economists, programmers, bloggers, even lawyers call Bitcoin ?money of the future? or ?a pure means of payment?. But is Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies the money in the classic meaning of this phenomenon? Economic theory identifies money through the role that it plays in society, but can Bitcoin fulfill these functions? This paper discusses the nature of Bitcoin from the economic and legal perspective.Despite all controversies Bitcoin is used in business. Bitcoins and their use are a very actual issue, especially with a high popularity and high cost of Bitcoins. The paper covers the issue of legal status of Bitcoin and how can it be used in business activity, including examination of both advantages, such as ?free advertisement?, simplicity, and other and disadvantages, such as security risks, uncertainty in a legal status, etc. Because of very different approaches to regulation of Bitcoin in different national jurisdictions, therefore this paper is interested in a comparative analysis of a regulation of Bitcoin?s legal status in different national jurisdictions. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 123-137 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=029&rid=5453 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605453 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Bitcoin, business, legal status, virtual currency Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605453 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Emrah Cinkara Author-Name-First: Emrah Author-Name-Last: Cinkara Author-Email: emrahcinkara@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gaziantep University Title: Reference Resolution of EFL learners Abstract: This study aimed to investigate first and total fixation times of pronouns in native English speakers and Turkish EFL speakers by using an eye tracking device, to specify the correlation between first and total fixation times of pronouns and perceived difficulty of understanding (PDU, and finally, to disclose participants? personal comments regarding the cause of difficulty in pronoun resolution. MANOVA analyses suggested that there was a statistically significant difference between the total fixation times of parallel function pronoun resolution (PFR) and non- parallel function pronoun resolution (non-PFR) in native English and Turkish EFL speakers. The results also suggested that participants fixated significantly longer on non- PFR pronouns than on PFR pronouns. Additionally, we investigated a probable correlation between mean fixation times and personal (PDU) scores. Finally, the personal comments of the participants revealed two themes underlying the difficulty of understanding: namely, lexical accounts and grammatical accounts for pronoun resolution. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 138-138 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=030&rid=6178 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606178 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Language learning, Reference resolution, English as a foreign langugage teaching Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606178 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gangadhar Dahal Author-Name-First: Gangadhar Author-Name-Last: Dahal Author-Email: dahalgd@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warsaw Title: The Triangular Causality among Education, Health and Economic Growth: A Time Series Analysis of Nepal Abstract: This research examines the presence of the long run relation and triangular causality among per capita education expenditures, GDP per capita and per capita health expenditures in Nepal. In this study ARDL bounds testing approach is used to examine the presence of long-run relationship and Granger Causality test for calculating short run, long run and both short run and long run triangular causality between the variables for the time series data of Nepal from 1995 to 2013/14.This research paper started with the aim of finding the triangular casualty between education, health and economic growth of Nepal. The results of the research analysis also supported the view that there is co-integration and interrelation between these three macroeconomic variables. The results from OLS also shows that there is high contribution of education and health in economic growth. There is also strong triangular casualty between education, health and economic growth of the nation in the long run which is tested through ADRL mode, Granger Causality test and VECM approach. It also focused on that there is long run casualty between these three macroeconomic variables. This research clearly shows that there is crucial role of education in health, economic growth (say GDP) and socioeconomic development of Nepal and many more least developed and developing countries. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 139-155 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=031&rid=6364 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606364 Classification-JEL: O10, I21, I15 Keywords: GDP per capita; Per capita education expenditures; Per capita Health Expenditures Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gangadhar Dahal Author-Name-First: Gangadhar Author-Name-Last: Dahal Author-Email: dahalgd@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warsaw Title: The contribution of education to economic growth: Evidence from Nepal Abstract: This paper investigates the long run relationship between education and economic growth in Nepal between 1995 and 2013 through application of Johansen Cointegration technique and OLS. The results from OLS show that secondary and higher education contributes significantly to the Real GDP Per Capita in Nepal. The elementary education also positively influences economic growth but the results are statistically less significant. The cointegration test results confirmed the existence of long run relationship in education (a well-educated human capital) and Real GDP Per Capita. It is therefore, suggested to keep education on top priority in public policies, make serious efforts for Universalization of Primary Education and discourage the drop-out rate at all levels of education to achieve sustained economic growth. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 156-156 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=032&rid=6124 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606124 Classification-JEL: I21, O40, C32 Keywords: Education, Economic growth, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ratana Daungkaew Author-Name-First: Ratana Author-Name-Last: Daungkaew Author-Email: ratadaung@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University Author-Name: Koolchalee Chongcharoen Author-Name-First: Koolchalee Author-Name-Last: Chongcharoen Author-Email: koolchalee@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University Title: Higher Education Policies in Promoting ASEAN Community in Thailand Abstract: This study aims to explore any relevant information related to higher education policies in Thailand in promoting ASEAN Community. The study was guided by three broad questions: (1) What is the background of current higher education policies in Thailand; (2) What are the key domestic higher education policies currently in place that could be relevant to the AC; and (3) What could be some foreseeable challenges to the implementation of higher education policies promoting the AC? A qualitative approach was employed using document analyses and in-depth interviews with relevant government officials. The findings provide readers with a broad background on higher education in Thailand and the country?s formulation of higher education policies for supporting the AC, as well as an overview of the latest National Education Reform (2009-2018) that emphasizes Thailand?s potential to play a more active role as an higher education hub that develops human resources with the knowledge and skills sought by ASEAN countries. In addition, the study looks at current factors in the existing Thai higher education system that could potentially act as barriers in the implementation of policies promoting the AC, such as the English-language proficiency of Thai graduates; lack of manpower in technical and vocational fields; teacher preparation and quality assessment; and quality of higher education. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 157-171 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=033&rid=6241 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606241 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Higher education policy; ASEAN community, Thailand Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: AHU ERGEN Author-Name-First: AHU Author-Name-Last: ERGEN Author-Email: ahu.ergen@vs.bahcesehir.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: BAHCESEHIR UNIVERSITY Title: Understanding the healthy lifestyle behaviors and life satisfaction of students and staff in a university Abstract: Being healthy is an important aspect in life satisfaction. The factors that effect the health status of an individual are named as the environmental factors, economical factors, socio-cultural factors, genetic factors, access to health services and life style. Since it can be controlled by the individual, lifestyle is a topic with great importance. Healthy lifestyle is defined as ?the individual?s control over her/his behaviors which can affect her/his health status and while orginising the daily activities, choosing the behaviors that are appropriate to her/his health status?. Healthy lifestyle behaviors are healthy nutrition, stress management, regular exercise, spiritual wellbeing, high quality interpersonal relations and taking the health responsibility. So, understanding the healthy lifestyle level and life satisfaction of individuals is important for health and education institutions, companies and governments to define their strategies accordingly. This quantitative study involves 205 Turkish individuals (students, academic staff and administrative staff) from a university in Istanbul. Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires with 26 questions. The study examines the characteristics of the respondents regarding demographics, healthy lifestyle behaviors and life satisfaction. Some differences in sample?s healthy lifestyle dimensions were determined according to demographic variables after factor analysis, T-test, ANOVA and regression analysis. This research presents the opportunity for further qualitative research in healthy lifestyle habits among university students. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 172-172 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=034&rid=5885 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605885 Classification-JEL: I31, I00, I19 Keywords: healthy lifestyle, life satisfaction, health status Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605885 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hakan Ergin Author-Name-First: Hakan Author-Name-Last: Ergin Author-Email: hakan.ergin1@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bogazici University Title: PUBLIC RESPONSE to the SYRIAN STUDENTS' RIGHT to HIGHER EDUCATION at TURKISH UNIVERSITIES Abstract: Turkey has been going through a difficult exam these days. Since the Syrian crisis started in 2011, she has welcomed the Syrian migrants with her 'open door' policy. Hosting more than two millions of Syrian migrants now, Turkey has been in a continuous effort to show her hospitality to her guests. In this sense, she provided the Syrian migrants in Turkey with the right to higher education at universities in Turkey without an entrance exam and a tuition fee. This policy enabled more than five thousand Syrian migrants to start higher education in Turkey. However, this issue has become a controversial one in Turkey. As getting into a university in Turkey is very competitive among the Turkish citizens, some find this policy unfair. On the other hand, some others support it thinking that this policy is a 'brotherly' one for their neighbors. Revealing the Turkish people's perceptions towards this policy can let us find out whether this 'governmental hospitable policy' is valid in the eye of general public. Within this context, this qualitative study aims to explore the perceptions of the Turkish people towards the Syrian migrants' right to higher education in Turkey. The data of the study were collected from the reviews made by the Turkish citizens for the news about the Syrian migrants' right to higher education in Turkey on online newspapers. These reviews were analyzed by conventional content analysis technique. The findings reveal that the reviewers are in favour of or against this policy for several reasons. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 173-173 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=035&rid=6072 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606072 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Media, public response, migration, Syria, civil war, right to education. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606072 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Farenga Author-Name-First: Andrea Author-Name-Last: Farenga Author-Email: afarenga@lec.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Lake Erie College Title: Black Male Experience at a Private Liberal Arts College Abstract: This paper is a narrative inquiry of Black male college students relative to their experiences at a small predominantly white liberal arts college. While the racial gap has narrowed in college enrollment, there remains a sizeable gap in graduation rate (Castleman, 2014). Black male college success is related to involvement in student life activities, use of student support services, mentoring and internships, personal perseverance, selectivity of the institution, and racial climate (Strayhorn, 2009). Racial climate may be influenced by myths (Toldson, 2012) about Black male school achievement. Participants discussed open ended questions in focus groups and personal interviews during which they described their college experience per factors related to collegiate success. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 174-174 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=036&rid=6144 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606144 Classification-JEL: Keywords: African-American Black Minority Male College Experience Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Silvia Golem Author-Name-First: Silvia Author-Name-Last: Golem Author-Email: silvia.golem@efst.hr Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics University of Split Title: The impact of government size and composition on growth in EU15 countries Abstract: The goal of this paper is to investigate the long-run effect of government size and composition on growth. Unlike previous studies, this paper employs an improved dataset and a more adequate econometric technique. Using pooled mean group (PMG) estimation approach, which is particularly suitable because it allows short-term adjustments and convergence speeds to vary across countries while imposing cross-country homogeneity restrictions on the long-run coefficients, we empirically test the relationship between growth and government size and its composition in developed European economies, over the period 1970 to 2014. The obtained results indicate that high aggregate spending levels are an impediment for growth in developed economies, while the single most important government expenditure item is - Education. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 175-175 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=037&rid=6344 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606344 Classification-JEL: C33, H10, H50 Keywords: government size, GDP growth, PMG estimation, EU Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606344 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Bilgehan Gultekin Author-Name-First: Bilgehan Author-Name-Last: Gultekin Author-Email: tgultekin@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ege University Author-Name: Tuba gültekin Author-Name-First: Tuba Author-Name-Last: gültekin Author-Email: bilgehangultekin@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Dokuz Eylul University Title: Diplomatic Public Relations Techniques for Official Recognition of Palestine State in Europe Abstract: Diplomatic public relations gives an ideal concept for recognition of palestine state in all over the europe. The first step of official recognition is approval of palestine state in international political organisations such as United Nations and Nato . So, diplomatic public relations provides a recognition process in communication scale. One of the aims of the study titled ?Diplomatic Public Relations Techniques for Recognition of Palestine State in Europe? is to present some communication projects on diplomatic way. The study also aims at showing communication process at diplomatic level. The most important level of such kind of diplomacy is society based diplomacy. Moreover,The study provides a wider perspective that gives some creative diplomatic communication strategies for attracting society. To persuade the public for official recognition also is key element of this process. The study also finds new communication routes including persuasion techniques for society. All creative projects are supporting parts in original persuasive process of official recognition of Palestine. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 176-190 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=038&rid=5401 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605401 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Diplomatic public relations, diplomatic communication strategies, diplomatic comstrategies.e Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lai Wan Hooi Author-Name-First: Lai Wan Author-Name-Last: Hooi Author-Email: Carol.Hooi@nottingham.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: The University of Nottingham Author-Name: Seyed Abdorreza Payambarpour Author-Name-First: Seyed Abdorreza Author-Name-Last: Payambarpour Author-Email: apseyed2@live.utm.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Title: Significance on Organizational Performance of Global MNCs: Management Development, Human Resource System, or Employee Engagement? Abstract: The present study examined the effect of management development and human resource system on organizational performance as well as the mediating role of employee engagement in the human resource system-organizational performance relationship. A cross-sectional design was adopted with data collected from a sample of 493 managerial staff of the first ten global multinational corporations listed by Fortune magazine 2013 through a survey questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling and the results revealed that employee engagement was crucial in influencing organizational performance both directly and as a mediator. The findings also indicate that employee engagement was a more important predictor of organizational performance than management development or human resource system when these factors were taken together. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 191-191 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=039&rid=6217 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606217 Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: organizational performance, management development, human resource system, employee engagement, multinational corporation, structural equation modelling Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Egemen ?pek Author-Name-First: Egemen Author-Name-Last: ?pek Author-Email: eipek@gumushane.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Gümü?hane University Author-Name: Ozlem Sekmen Author-Name-First: Ozlem Author-Name-Last: Sekmen Author-Email: osekmen@gumushane.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Gumushane University Title: HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS IN TURKEY: EVIDENCE FROM MICRODATA Abstract: Since 2000 in Turkey, there has been a great growth the share of the household savings in private savings. Although there are exist huge literature related to determinants of saving rate rely on macro level data, these studies have limitation on reflect of household saving behavior because of ommiting heterogenities among households. For this reason, determining the effect of heterogenity of households on saving behaviour has great importance for representing main factors behind on households? saving behaviour.The main purpose of this study is to investigate the demographic determinants of household savings and examine the effect of these differences on saving rates in Turkey the period between 2003-2012 using Household Budget Surveys (HBS) providing by TURKSTAT. In this context, the research methodology consist of two-stage (i) modeling and analysis the determinants of savings using OLS method, (ii) examining the year effects via pooled OLS which allows to control for heteroscedasticity. According the findings revealed that method, demographics differences such as householder?s age , gender and education level, household size have notable role for explaining saving behavior of households. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 192-202 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=040&rid=6133 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606133 Classification-JEL: D14, J10, C50 Keywords: Household savings, Demographics, Heterogenity, Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yoksamon Jeaheng Author-Name-First: Yoksamon Author-Name-Last: Jeaheng Author-Email: yoksamon.sru@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Suratthani Rajabhat University Author-Name: Chuleewan Praneetham Author-Name-First: Chuleewan Author-Name-Last: Praneetham Author-Email: chuleewansru@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Suratthani Rajabhat University Title: Tourists? needs towards Environmentally-friendly Management of Hotel Business in Surat Thani Province Abstract: The purpose of this research was to explore tourist needs towards environmentally friendly management of hotel business in Surat Thani province, Thailand. The sample size was 384 tourists, who travelled to Muang district, Surat Thani province. A questionnaire was designed as a data collecting tool in order to collect information with accidental sampling. Statistical tools employed for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The results of the sampling?s demographic data revealed that most respondents were female. Age?s range was between 26-35 years old, and most had education at Bachelor level. The respondents? purpose of staying was for enjoyment and relaxation as the rest-seekers, duration of stay was 2-3 days and most of the respondents travelled for the first time. Moreover, they would be back to stay in the same hotel which costs about 500-1,000 Thai Baht. The finding found that most of tourists choose to stay in hotels which concern about environmentally-friendly management with 68.5%. Tourists? needs towards environmentally-friendly management of hotel business focused on 4 different dimensions, namely management dimension, human resources management dimension, place and environmental management dimension, and communication and public relation dimension. The results found that a written-policy was the most importance of management dimension, knowledge of employees in responding guests? questions related to environmental saving was the most importance of human resources management dimension. For place and environmental management dimension, the natural design would be initiated as the decoration of hotels. For communication and public relation dimension, the tourists could receive some hotel?s information via social network which was the most popular communication channel. However, hotel owners should improve their environmental quality. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 203-210 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=041&rid=6122 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606122 Classification-JEL: Q56 Keywords: tourist, environmentally-friendly management, hotel business Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606122 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: LEILA KADAGISHVILI Author-Name-First: LEILA Author-Name-Last: KADAGISHVILI Author-Email: leila.kadagishvili@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: Development Prospects for Transit Potential of Georgia Abstract: The present paper studies the transit potential of Georgia and developing perspectives. It?s noted, that strengthening of transit energy corridor is of great importance for Georgia due to its strategically important geographical location. Thanks to its transit and energy corridors, Georgia gained the status of the country that supports balancing of economic interests between European and Asian countries. Favorability of the country?s geographical location has been proved and increased since the establishment of Baku-Supsa and Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipelines. Besides these two geo-economically strategic pipelines of international importance, there are two exceptionally important gas pipelines running through the territory of Georgia: the North-South or Shah Deniz and the Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum pipelines. Strategically important Georgian ports and terminals such as Batumi, Poti and Kulevi have direct connections with railway lines of Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Russia and Bulgaria. Development of port infrastructure is one of the priorities for Georgia. For this purpose, construction of deep-water port in Anaklia is of special importance. The government of Georgia has already called for investors to express interest in this project. Full utilization of its transit capacity will be beneficial for Georgia both from political and economic point of view. Due to its geopolitical location, Georgia turned out to be in the area of strategic interests of the US, EU, Russia, Turkey, Iran and China. As a result, developed countries have begun to actively cooperate with Georgia with the purpose of utilization of their predominant geopolitical and economic importance. Georgia is developing multilateral relations directed to global integration and the transit potential is one of the main preconditions of achieving competitiveness in these processes. The country has good opportunities for economic prosperity and rapid growth. The main task in this regard is to avoid threats by careful maneuvering and suggest mutually beneficial economic projects based on equal partnership to the international community. All this makes it possible to introduce economic, social, political, legal and other kinds of achievements of the West adapted with national values in Georgia. The paper concludes that due to its strategically important location Georgia is given an opportunity to become actively involved in global integration processes and use the benefit gained from these processes to ensure high rates of economic growth and increase in the competitiveness of the country. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 211-218 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=042&rid=6253 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606253 Classification-JEL: Keywords: geoeconomics, geopolitics, transit potential, integration, competitiveness. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hüseyin KAMACI Author-Name-First: Hüseyin Author-Name-Last: KAMACI Author-Email: huseyin.kamaci@bozok.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Author-Name: Ak?n Osman Atagün Author-Name-First: Ak?n Osman Author-Name-Last: Atagün Author-Email: aosman.atagun@bozok.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Bozok University Title: BIJECTIVE SOFT MATRIX THEORY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Abstract: Soft set theory was firstly introduced by Molodtsov [1].In the papers[1,2,3], the soft set theory was succesfully applied in several directions, such as smoothness of functions, gametheory, operations research, riemann integration, Perron integration, probability, theory of measurement and so on.Gong et al.[4] presented bijective soft set theory. Since it is easy to store and manipulate matrices, transferring of bijective soft sets to soft matrices is very useful. Soft matrices which are representations of soft sets was firstly defined by Ça?man and Engino?lu[5]. In this study, we construct bijective soft matrix theory and investigate some properties of bijective soft matrices, in detail. We demonstrate some matrix operations are preserved for bijective soft matrices, such as AND product.Finally, we indicate that can use the bijective soft matrices in decision making problems. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 219-219 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=043&rid=5798 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605798 Classification-JEL: C69 Keywords: Bijective soft sets, Soft matrix, Bijective soft matrix. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605798 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cemile Burcu Kartal Author-Name-First: Cemile Burcu Author-Name-Last: Kartal Author-Email: burcu.kartal@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University Author-Name: Ezgi Oren Author-Name-First: Ezgi Author-Name-Last: Oren Author-Email: ezgi.oren@atauni.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ataturk University Title: Retracing The Kurdish and The Armenian Issues In The Journal Of Albayrak In Period of National Struggle in Tur Abstract: World War I became a milestone in the decay of empires and in the transition to the form of nation-state all over the world. Also, the national identities had been emerged and shaped in this period, before and after of the War. Contemporaneously, the years in between 1912 and 1922, constructing Turkish identitiy and nationalim provided the important components to the founding of the Republic in Turkey. Especially, 1919-1922 period was important in terms of this arising national movement, because of the era which was beginnig the transition from the empire to the nation-state with the accession of the whole society in a national struggle. Therewith, Treaty of Sevres and Mondros Armistice Agreement were considerable factors in acceleration of the struggle in Anatolia. Besides, local press had a curicial role in the occupied territories throughout the stage. And the Journal Of Albayrak which came out in Erzurum was one of the foremost media vehicle in the period of national struggle in the east of country. So, Albayrak had been published during two terms: 1913-1915 and 1919-1921. Why the journal resumed; firstly, allies? occupation began along the Anatolia territories after the signing of Mondros Armistice Agreement and there was a prevalent apprehension about giving up the east provinces to the Armenians. This fears derived from the 24th article of the Agreement which intitled occupation to allies anywhere of the six east province (Vilayet-i Sitte) those were named as Erzurum, Bitlis, Van, Diyarbak?r, Sivas and Elaz?? (Ma?muretil?aziz) in any disordering situation. Herewith, Albayrak stated that it would be make contribution to the point of informing the community and raising consciousness about the reasons of Armenian problem and its forthcoming dangers. This journal, also, gave information and news concerning Kurdish issue that arised in this period. In this respect, this paper analyses that how a journal which was one of the most important example of the local press in the region was utilized as an important propaganda material and what kind of rethoric it generated about both Kurdish and Armenian issues. Herewith, an additional purpose is to examine a media source which was not handled before by the means of Kurdish and Armenian questions and in this way to try to make any contribution to the related discussions today. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 220-220 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=044&rid=6336 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606336 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Ethnic Conflict, Media, National Identity, Nationalism, War Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mustafa Göktu? Kaya Author-Name-First: Mustafa Göktu? Author-Name-Last: Kaya Author-Email: mustafa.goktug.kaya@vdk.gov.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Tax Inspectors Association Author-Name: Perihan Hazel Kaya Author-Name-First: Perihan Hazel Author-Name-Last: Kaya Author-Email: perihaner@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: EVALUTION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OF TAX COMPETITION AND TAX HAVEN IN THE WORLD AND TURKEY Abstract: The country, where the individuals and institutions benefit from public services paying less taxes outside the country, is called tax haven countries.These countries is used as part of economic activities and they are preferred as the center of financial affairs so the phenomenon of interstate competition become a current issue. International tax competition is a tax policy which implementing that economic activity that occurred in another country to take his own country putting a lower tax rate.When taken out the country known as a tax haven it is said that this countries are too small and some of them? name and location in the map are unknown.The purpose of the study is to find out the relationship between of tax competition and tax haven in the World and Turkey. In this direction, firstly on the conceptual framework tax competition and tax havens issues will be discussed. Secondly, the effects of the relationship between tax competition and tax havens on fiscal policy will be examined. Finally, studies conducted on the fight against tax competition and tax havens in the World and Turkey will be examined. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 221-221 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=045&rid=6097 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606097 Classification-JEL: B22, E00 Keywords: Tax Competition, Tax Haven, Fiscal Policy, Turkey, Tax Haven Countries Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606097 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Perihan Hazel Kaya Author-Name-First: Perihan Hazel Author-Name-Last: Kaya Author-Email: perihaner@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Mustafa Göktu? Kaya Author-Name-First: Mustafa Göktu? Author-Name-Last: Kaya Author-Email: mustafa.goktug.kaya@vdk.gov.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Finance of Turkey Title: POLICIES THAT INCREASE SAVINGS: PRIVATE PENSION SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION IN TURKEY Abstract: In recent years domestic savings rate has shown a marked decline in Turkey. Such falls are effective in the growth of savings-investment gap and so the emergence of large current account deficit. In this context, changes are made in the private pension system in order to increase household savings. The new system aims to increase the savings and sawing owners. Many developing countries, with their reforms in the social security field, put into practice the private pension system in addition to the compulsory public pension system.The purpose of this is to deal the development of the private pension system in Turkey and its contribution to savings. In this direct, firstly, the development of the private pension system in the world is being addressed and later mentioned about development in Turkey. Finally, information is given about impact to savings. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 222-239 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=046&rid=6078 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606078 Classification-JEL: E21, D10 Keywords: Private Pension System, Savings, Banking, Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606078 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Arzu KAZAZ Author-Name-First: Arzu Author-Name-Last: KAZAZ Author-Email: akazaz@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Süleyman KARAÇOR Author-Name-First: Süleyman Author-Name-Last: KARAÇOR Author-Email: skaracor@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: METE KAZAZ Author-Name-First: METE Author-Name-Last: KAZAZ Author-Email: mkazaz@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENT AND SEMIOTICS: SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE CHP ADVERTISEMENT FILMS WITH THE THEME ?WE ARE Abstract: Increasing their effectiveness and audience with each passing day, works of advertisement are today an indispensable way for political parties to express themselves, leave a positive impression on the electorate, and reach potential voters. Without doubt, political party advertisements differ in certain aspects from commercials in which an ordinary product or service is promoted. In this sense, trying a product by whose advertisement we are affected could be relevant, whereas voting for a political party only because we like its advertisement is not a very common case. Multiple variables of voting behavior have been the topic of various scientific studies. The aim of the present study in the basic sense is to examine several indicators used by political advertising on the basis of imposing an idea, belief, or point of view and to present what kind of effects the indicators used in political advertising intend to leave on the voters. Semiotic analysis is used as the method of the study, and the sample examined consists of the advertisement films of the Republican People's Party (CHP) with the theme ?WE are here, WE will do? used for the General elections of November 1, 2015. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 240-240 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=047&rid=6207 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606207 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Television, Political Advertisement, CHP, Semiotics. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: METE KAZAZ Author-Name-First: METE Author-Name-Last: KAZAZ Author-Email: mkazaz@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Author-Name: Yasemin ÖZKENT Author-Name-First: Yasemin Author-Name-Last: ÖZKENT Author-Email: yaseminuzuntok@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: ?FOOTBALL IS NEVER ONLY FOOTBALL?: SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE FILM ?LOOKING FOR ERIC? Abstract: Football, which is an important part of daily life in almost every society in our day, has progressed in similar periods with the cinema. These two fields, which were among the important actors of the 20th century, existed in daily life through their various intersecting aspects, and these similarities provided a ground for the cinema to be nourished by football. Football has functioned far beyond just being a game within social life and turned into a highly important area at both cultural and economic levels through the bond it has formed with the symbolic values of daily life. The influence of football on masses is too big to be ignored. Offering a hero to individuals isolated by modern life with whom they can identify themselves, great joys experienced when the ball meets the net, and a sense of belonging to the team they support and to people they do not know, football is an activity that has achieved goals far beyond being a game. Together with the Second World War, football gradually became more professional, more commercialized, and the football spectator alienated from football, which was an important part of his life. With the development of the phenomenon of being a supporter, football followers regained their existence in football and managed to exist within a collectivity.In the present study, the relationship between football and social life, and the phenomenon of being a supporter are examined through the film Looking for Eric, which is among the important films of Ken Loach?s cinema. The film narrates how the life of a postman who has strong feelings of support for his team and who looks for hope for his bad life changes for the better when his most favorite footballer comes into his life and how the experiences in a football field can be put into practice in real life. Playfields in which a reproduction in the public sense springs to life, especially the stadiums, once again appear in front of us with this film as the proof of that ?football is never only football?. What makes the film different from other football-themed films is the use of a real football star, and that the film constructs a narrative through the relationship between life and football presenting true slices of the footballer?s life and achievements in the football field. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 241-241 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=048&rid=6208 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606208 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Cinema, Football, Social Life Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606208 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: GIULI KESHELASHVILI Author-Name-First: GIULI Author-Name-Last: KESHELASHVILI Author-Email: giuli777@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: General Strategies of Georgian Winemaking Companies? Management in the Conditions of Integrated Development Abstract: Work offers study of wine market development trends in the world and in Georgia. It analyses Georgian wine export and import and indentifies the sector problems. The role and significance of economic, organizational and managerial relations in wine production and management is discussed. The organizational-economic factors impacting Georgian wine production. The measures for creation of European-type farmer cooperatives are specified. On the example of Georgia the work demonstrates that effective management of vine growing and winemaking requires coordination of the European funds policies with the development and planning instruments to maximize effectiveness of the state support policies in this sector. The recommendations for Georgian winemaking companies? development are provided. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 242-251 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=049&rid=6116 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606116 Classification-JEL: M21 Keywords: Winemaking Companies; Strategies; Export; Import Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Irit Keynan Author-Name-First: Irit Author-Name-Last: Keynan Author-Email: iritike@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: College for Academic Studies Title: Neoliberalism and individual liberty ? the theory that contradicts itself Abstract: The practice of political neoliberalism, and how it often contradicts its own basic premise of free market and individual liberty from government intervention, have vastly been studied. Scholars have exemplified this inconsistency, in the support by neoliberal republicans in the US of conservative policies such as limiting the rights of the gay and lesbian community, opposing "Planned Parenthood", and calling for state intervention in order to limit entrance of foreign workers. This paper adds to the critical analysis of neoliberalism by questioning the theory itself, and its basic claim of promoting the individual?s right for liberty. Upon deconstructing and carefully examining the idea of liberty in the neoliberal concept, this paper suggests that neoliberalism intentionally denies individual liberty from the majority while deliberately secures liberty and financial success in the hands of the privileged few. These undemocratic ideas, the paper contends, are not "collateral damage", but embedded in the theory. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 252-252 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=050&rid=6259 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606259 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Neoliberalism; human rights; liberty; free market; equality, democracy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: NAHLA KHATIB Author-Name-First: NAHLA Author-Name-Last: KHATIB Author-Email: NAHLAMK@HOTMAIL.COM Author-Workplace-Name: ARAB OPEN UNIVERSITY Title: Analysis of Learning Difficulties among Preservice Students towards Science Education Abstract: This study investigated several learning difficulties that affected the classroom learning experience of preservice students who are studying general science and methods of teaching science at Faculty of Educational Studies at the Arab Open University (AOU) in Amman, Jordan .This study was carried to find answers for the following questions:1. What are the main areas of learning difficulties among Preservice Students towards Science Education?2. What are the main aspects of reducing obstacles towards success in Science Education?To achieve this goal the researcher prepared a questionnaire which included 30 items to point out the learning difficulties among preservice students towards science education. The questionnaire was distributed among students enrolled in the general science courses 1&2 and methods of teaching science courses .After collecting the filled questionnaire a descriptive statistical analysis were carried for the items of the questionnaire ,after analyzing the data statistically our findings showed that student controlled factors , factors related to the nature of science, factors related to the role of instructor as well as course controlled factors affected students success toward science education. Suggestions are made on ways to minimize the problems based on understandings of attitudes and motivation as well as the understandings of how learning takes place..The study was concluded with a number of recommendations.Key words: Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 253-253 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=051&rid=5718 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605718 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: preservice teachers, nature of science, science Education, Learning Difficulties. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605718 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Kilic Author-Name-First: Mehmet Author-Name-Last: Kilic Author-Email: mehmet416@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gaziantep University Title: Voicing as an Indicator of Interlanguage Abstract: Voicing is one of the primary segmental features of consonants in all natural languages. Voice Onset Time (VOT) has been determined to be the most prominent indicator of the voicing property of consonants. However, it can only be measured for plosives, since there is a clear time interval between the burst of the plosive and the closure of the vocal folds. Research has proved that voiced plosives have negative VOT, whereas voiceless plosives have positive VOT in most languages. This basically means that vocal folds start to vibrate before the burst of voiced plosives, while they have delayed vibration for voiceless plosives. VOT, which has also been suggested to be a factor in determining non-native accent, has been measured for a number of languages. We can assume that VOT values of plosives in a second language of learners bear similarities to those of the first language rather than to those of the second language. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the VOT values in English spoken by Turkish speakers of English. The study serves to distinguish Turkish-accented English with digital means. The participants were proficient and fluent speakers of English. They read some carrier words containing syllabi starting with the six plosives (/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/) in English, and they were recorded with the help of a PC and an omni-directional microphone in a sound-treated environment. VOT values were measured using Praat version 5.3.63. Obtained VOT values from the recordings were compared with existing, standard VOT values previously identified for both English and Turkish. Our findings demonstrated that proficient Turkish speakers of English articulate plosives in a rather dissimilar fashion to that of native speakers of English. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 254-254 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=052&rid=6201 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606201 Classification-JEL: I29, I23 Keywords: Voice Onset Time, Voicing, Interlanguage Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Kilic Author-Name-First: Mehmet Author-Name-Last: Kilic Author-Email: mehmet416@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gaziantep University Author-Name: Emrah Cinkara Author-Name-First: Emrah Author-Name-Last: Cinkara Author-Email: emrahcinkara@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gaziantep University Title: THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATED STRATEGIES FOR LEARNING AND COMPUTER SELF-EFFICACY ON THE USE OF A SELF-ACCESS CENTER Abstract: Technology has been sneaking in our lives for a long time now. It has also come into play in education through the use of educational technologies in and out of the classroom. Language teaching has not been an exception for this ever-growing trend in education. Starting with OHDs and audio-lingual language teaching labs, the use of technology in language teaching has extended to the use of more sophisticated hardware and software utilized to turn the language learning experience into a more gratifying involvement. Self-access centers, in which learners can be autonomously exposed to more authentic and comprehensible input, have been established in a great many language-teaching institutions worldwide. This study aims to disclose the motivated strategies for learning that impinge upon how frequently language learners in our institution use self-access centers. It also endeavors to figure out whether learners? computer self-efficacy is associated with their self-access center use. To do this, we recorded 180 participants? log-ins and their study time during an 8-week instructional module. This provided us with a quantitative measure of how frequently and how long our participants made use of the self-access system during the module. The system was forced to shut down if no action took place for three minutes to make sure that the study time we measured was valid. Participants? motivated learning strategies were estimated using the MSLQ (Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire) (Pintrich et al., 1993). To determine their computer self-efficacy levels, the participants were administered the Computer Self-Efficacy Scale (Murphy, Coover, and Owen, 1989). Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were gathered to see what specific variables significantly affected participants? self-access center use. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 255-255 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=053&rid=6202 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606202 Classification-JEL: I20, I23 Keywords: ICT, Self Access Center, Motivated Strategies, Computer Self-efficacy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jae Sung Kim Author-Name-First: Jae Sung Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: jaesungkim@kisti.re.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Author-Name: Eun Jin Kim Author-Name-First: Eun Jin Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: kimej77@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Title: A Study of the Engineering Modeling & Simulation Industry in South Korea Abstract: Engineering modeling and simulation (M&S) technology is a smart manufacturing technology that replaces physical product manufacturing and test activities with virtual product manufacturing and verification. Engineering M&S is recognized as a core manufacturing technology that determines the manufacturing competitiveness of not only a company but also a country, because it reduces the time and cost of product development, while improving the quality of the product. Even though South Korea recognizes the industrial importance of engineering M&S technology and invests at the national level, supply and demand in the engineering M&S industry is still poor. The market size of engineering M&S in South Korea was 528 million-dollar in 2015, with sustained growth at a compound average growth rate (CAGR) of 11.3%, but this amounted to only 1/10 of the market in the U.S. and 1/3 of the market in the People's Republic of China. The biggest reason for such market-size inferiority appears to be the improper formation of the related ecosystem, due to underutilization of M&S by manufacturing companies and the small size of engineering M&S companies. According to a KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) survey by 2015, only 16 of the 401 engineering M&S companies in South Korea were domestic engineering SW development companies. Additionally, the utilization of engineering M&S SW by manufacturing companies is about 8.2%, with only 9% of those companies using domestic engineering SW. Because the inferiority of the engineering M&S industry could lead to the inferiority of national manufacturing competitiveness in the long term, the national interest mandates an increased investment in development of the engineering M&S industry. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 256-256 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=054&rid=6341 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606341 Classification-JEL: L88, O14, A10 Keywords: Engineering Modeling and Simulation, CAE, CFD/FEA, Engineering SW, Manufacturing Innovation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606341 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jae Sung Kim Author-Name-First: Jae Sung Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: jaesungkim@kisti.re.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Author-Name: Jae Young Yoo Author-Name-First: Jae Young Author-Name-Last: Yoo Author-Email: yoojy@kisti.re.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Author-Name: Eun Jin Kim Author-Name-First: Eun Jin Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: kimej@kisti.re.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Title: A Study of the Engineering Modeling & Simulation Industry in South Korea Abstract: Engineering modeling and simulation (M&S) technology is a smart manufacturing technology that replaces physical product manufacturing and test activities with virtual product manufacturing and verification. Engineering M&S is recognized as a core manufacturing technology that determines the manufacturing competitiveness of not only a company but also a country, because it reduces the time and cost of product development, while improving the quality of the product. Even though South Korea recognizes the industrial importance of engineering M&S technology and invests at the national level, supply and demand in the engineering M&S industry is still poor. The market size of engineering M&S in South Korea was 528 million-dollar in 2015, with sustained growth at a compound average growth rate (CAGR) of 11.3%, but this amounted to only 1/10 of the market in the U.S. and 1/3 of the market in the People's Republic of China. The biggest reason for such market-size inferiority appears to be the improper formation of the related ecosystem, due to underutilization of M&S by manufacturing companies and the small size of engineering M&S companies. According to a KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) survey by 2015, only 16 of the 401 engineering M&S companies in South Korea were domestic engineering SW development companies. Additionally, the utilization of engineering M&S SW by manufacturing companies is about 8.2%, with only 9% of those companies using domestic engineering SW. Because the inferiority of the engineering M&S industry could lead to the inferiority of national manufacturing competitiveness in the long term, the national interest mandates an increased investment in development of the engineering M&S industry Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 257-257 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=055&rid=6369 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606369 Classification-JEL: L60 Keywords: Engineering Modeling and Simulation, CAE, CFD/FEA, Engineering SW, Manufacturing Innovation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: AYBEN KOY Author-Name-First: AYBEN Author-Name-Last: KOY Author-Email: akoy@ticaret.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: ISTANBUL COMMERCE UNIVERSITY Author-Name: ?HSAN ERSAN Author-Name-First: ?HSAN Author-Name-Last: ERSAN Author-Email: ersan@istanbul.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY Title: The Relationship between Exchange Rates, Equity Index and Equity Index Futures: A Study on Borsa Istanbul Abstract: This paper examines the linkages between the foreign exchange rates, spot equity index and equity index futures. The study aims to investigate whether there is difference between the spot and futures markets in the scope of relation with the foreign exchange rates? returns and which leads the other. The relationships are examined by using the vector autoregression (VAR) model, impulse-response functions, variance decomposition and Granger Causality tests. The sample of the study consists of US dollar to Turkish Lira rate (USD/TRY), Euro to Turkish Lira rate (EUR/TRY), BIST 30 Index and BIST 30 Index Futures. The data of the study includes the period between January 2011 and December 2014 with daily data range. Our results have evidence that the foreign exchange rate markets in Turkey are driven by the equity market. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 258-271 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=056&rid=5506 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605506 Classification-JEL: G15, G10 Keywords: Exchange Rates, Equity Index, Equity Index Futures, Causality Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605506 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Magdalena Koz?owska Author-Name-First: Magdalena Author-Name-Last: Koz?owska Author-Email: magdalena.kozlowska@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Title: The mains determinants of the attractiveness of Polish regions for foreign direct investment Abstract: On the basis of available materials will be analyzed the attractiveness of the Polish economy in regional terms, from the point of view of a decision on the location of foreign direct investment (FDI).First of all, the regions with varying degrees of attractiveness for foreign direct investors will be identified.Identification of general prerequisites for direct investment will be carried, and specification of those provinces will be indicated.Next will be assessed the changes in the attractiveness of regions for FDI?s in the period since the 1990s, that is since the initial period of the transformation of socio-economic system in Poland. It should also be noted that during this period there was a significant improvement in overall conditions for foreign capital in comparison to the period of real socialism. In the next part will be assessed the attractiveness of Polish regions for FDI based on criteria such as: the functioning of special economic zones (SEZ), access to EU funds, promotional activities.The basis of all of the analyzes will be mainly: Materials from Research Institute of Market Economy in Gdansk and the Center for Regional and Local Analyses. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 272-285 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=057&rid=6363 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606363 Classification-JEL: A10, F00 Keywords: investment attractiveness of the state, investment attractiveness of the region, special economic zone, EU funds, promotional activities Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606363 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sirje Kree Author-Name-First: Sirje Author-Name-Last: Kree Author-Email: sirje.kree@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Tartu City Government Title: Socioeconomic Factors of Frailty Abstract: Frailty is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in older people. About 4-17% of elderly people living at home are frail, about 3-7% of elderly in age group 65-74 years and about 32% in age group 90 years. About 33-51% of elderly people in hospital care are frail. Several studies reported association between socioeconomic factors and health status. The social factors as risk factors for the development of frailty should be assessed and taken into account when evaluating elderly person?s prevention and treatment programs. In medical context the social factors are often ignored. Social frailty can be measured through the Tilburg Indicator. There are three criteria: living alone, lack of contacts and lack of support. If someone meets at least two of these three criteria, they are taken as socially frail.EAKAS study in Estonia reported that 63% of elderly in elderly home were living alone before getting to institutional care. 23% of elderly in elderly homes feels alone. Strong and supportive relations with family are in 50% of elderly in institutional care. About 27% of elderly in institutional care would like to go back to their homes or family.Socioeconomic factors such as education, income, relations, neighbourhood and etc influence on frailty and its outcomes such as mortality and disability- Frailty persons are at higher risk of hospitalization, institutional care and mortality. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 286-286 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=058&rid=6010 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606010 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Frailty, elderly, health, socioecomomic status Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606010 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Senem Kurt Topuz Author-Name-First: Senem Author-Name-Last: Kurt Topuz Author-Email: senem_kurt81@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Abant Izzet Baysal University Title: Women in Turkey and Comparative Analysis of Women's Condition in Political Party Programs Abstract: If the condition of women in Turkey is evaluated in terms of education, violence, employment, and the like variables from the most general point of view, it will be right to start with an evaluation on the literacy condition according to gender above all because the results are striking. For example, as the year 2014, out of 2.663.096 illiterate people 2.208.336 are women (TUIK, 2014). This data is important as it refers to a huge gap between genders in terms of the level of education. Moreover, women's employment in Turkey is another important problematic area. For example, as of 2014 in Turkey the ratio of contribution of women to the labor force is 30.3%, the ratio of women's employment is 26.7%. (TUIK, 2014). Another problematic area shows itself in political representation. Although the ratio of women deputies in Turkey has increased over the years, the share of women deputies in the parliament has increased to 14.7% with the 2015 elections. Another problematic area that has been talked about and discussed most nowadays is violence against women. In the 2014 Domestic Violence Against Women in Turkey Research, across the country, the ratio of women who have experienced physical violence in any period of their lives by their husbands or ex-husbands is 36%. The ratio of women who have experienced emotional violence in any period of their lives is 44%; the ratio of physical or sexual violence experienced together is 38%.As seen, women in Turkey are in a disadvantaged position in terms of social, economic, political, and the like variables compared to men. The purpose of this study is to uncover how political parties deal with this disadvantaged position women are experiencing and the problems it creates and what kind of an approach they have to solve the problems determined. In other words, programs of political parties in the parliament will be content analyzed in terms of violence, education, employment, discrimination, equality, freedom, and the like and the results will be compared in the line with their respective parties. The basic reason why this study is conducted on examining political parties and their party programs is that political parties are the main incentive means that force the government to fulfill the desires and needs of the majority of the society and that party programs are a reference text that covers political party's ideology, priorities, and suggested solutions for the problematic areas. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 287-299 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=059&rid=5990 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605990 Classification-JEL: D63, I00, J16 Keywords: Women in Turkey, Political Party Programs, Content Analysis, Domestic Violence, Women in Work Life, Political Decision Mechanisms and Woman Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605990 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ehsan Latif Author-Name-First: Ehsan Author-Name-Last: Latif Author-Email: elatif@tru.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Thompson Rivers University Title: Determinants of Energy Consumption in Canada: A Long-Run Perspective Abstract: Using Canadian panel data, this study examined the impact of per capita real GDP and energy price on aggregate energy consumption in Canada. In the estimation process, this study utilized panel cointegration including panel unit root tests, panel cointegration test, fully modified ordinary least square model and dynamic ordinary least square model. To take into account of the possible cross- sectional dependence among the variables, this study used cross-sectionally augmented IPS test, Westerlund cointegration test, common correlated effects mean group estimator and common correlated effects augmented mean group estimators. The results of this study suggest that there exists long run relationship among per capita energy consumption, per capita real GDP, and energy price. The long run estimations show that per capita real GDP has a significant positive impact while energy price has a significant negative effect on per capita energy consumption. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 300-300 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=060&rid=6076 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606076 Classification-JEL: Q41, C23, Q48 Keywords: Energy Consumption; Panel Data; Canada Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606076 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: João Lopes Author-Name-First: João Author-Name-Last: Lopes Author-Email: jcflopes@iseg.ulisboa.pt Author-Workplace-Name: UECE, ISEG/University of Lisbon Title: The Euro Area north-south structural economic divide: an input-output approach Abstract: The great recession of 2008/2009 and the subsequent sovereign debt crises highlighted the existence of deep structural imbalances in the Euro Area: the large differences of competitiveness and growth potential between its northern and southern countries. In this paper, an input-output approach is used to study several facets of this phenomenon, namely the connection between current account (trade) imbalances and domestic final demand levels, as well as the sectoral specialization of tradable goods and services production. In the uncompetitive (current account deficit) economies of southern euro area, domestic final demand levels are in excess of its equilibrium values and the opposite occurs in the strong, competitive economies of the north. These external imbalances are parallel to, and in good measure explained by, a different geographic pattern of specialization favourable to the northern euro-area countries (sectors with higher value added and more intensive technological activities). The external dependency and value added generation capacity of the productive sectors of these economies are also quantified, with a new treatment of inter-industry output multipliers which follows closely Amaral et al (2011). The (gross) output growth potential given by the column sums of the Leontief inverse matrix (backward linkage indicators) results from three terms: inter-industry flows, value added and imported inputs. After a convenient arrangement of these terms, the evolution of backward linkage indicators can be used to detect structural changes, particularly quantifying a (net) growth effect (more value-added generation) and an external dependency effect (more imported inputs), and to classify the productive sectors accordingly. The empirical results of the paper are based on input-output tables for several years: 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2008, available in the World Input Output Database. The northern euro-area group is formed by Germany, Netherlands, Finland and Ireland. The southern is the so-called GIPS group (Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain). Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 301-301 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=061&rid=6083 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606083 Classification-JEL: C67, D57 Keywords: Input-output linkages, external dependency, structural change, Euro Area countries Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606083 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: María del Mar López Guerrero Author-Name-First: María del Mar Author-Name-Last: López Guerrero Author-Email: mmlopez@uma.es Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborates with the University of Cantabria, from Universidad of Malaga, Andalucia Tech Author-Name: Clara Casado-Coterillo Author-Name-First: Clara Author-Name-Last: Casado-Coterillo Author-Email: casadoc@unican.es Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Cantabria Author-Name: César Rubio Author-Name-First: César Author-Name-Last: Rubio Author-Email: cesar.rubio@unizar.es Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Zaragoza Author-Name: Carlos Téllez Author-Name-First: Carlos Author-Name-Last: Téllez Author-Email: ctellez@unizar.es Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Zaragoza Author-Name: Joaquín Coronas Author-Name-First: Joaquín Author-Name-Last: Coronas Author-Email: coronas@unizar.es Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Zaragoza, Author-Name: Ángel Irabien Author-Name-First: Ángel Author-Name-Last: Irabien Author-Email: irabienj@unican.es Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Cantabria Title: Improving gas barrier properties using mixed matrix membranes based on ion exchange capacities of the polymers Abstract: Membranes are alternative solution for industrial and domestic separation processes, from water treatment, gas separation, and electrochemical devices. The urgency to limit landfill and petroleum dependency leads the development of new environmentally friendly and economic barrier materials as protective packaging applications (Piringer & Baner, 2000).Chitosan (CS) is a polysaccharide prepared by the deacetylation of chitin. Due to the inherent characteristics, CS has been highly studied as a promising material for membrane separation and active packaging. Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) can be blended with CS to improve its mechanical properties without reducing hydrophilicity and ion exchange properties (García-Cruz et al. 2015). AM-4 is a layered titanosilicate built of TiO6 octahedra and SiO4 tetrahedra. UZAR-S3 is a layered stannosilicate prepared from isomorphously substitution of Ti by Sn of layered titanosilicate. Both offer a high ion exchange capacity because of the Na+ exchangeable cations between the layers and this contributes to the compatibility with the CS-PVA matrix and the final membrane properties. This work studies the preparation of AM-4- and UZAR-S3/CS-PVA mixed matrix membranes by the direct dispersion and exfoliation of small amounts of AM-4 and UZAR-S3 in the polymer solution. The membranes are characterized regarding their thermal, ion exchange, water uptake, chemical structure and gas barrier properties. The barrier properties were characterized by single gas permeation of N2, O2 and CO2 at 20ºC and 2 bar. The best ion exchange capacity and lowest mechanical swelling were those of the UZAR-S3/CS-PVA membrane, which had also lower gas permeability than the pristine CS-PVA membrane. The mechanical swelling of the membranes decreases in the order CS-PVA > AM-4/CS-PVA > UZAR-S3/CS-PVA, probably due to the lower alkylation of ?O-H from free water in the latter membrane than in the others. This also agrees with the lowest permeability of UZAR-S3 compared to AM-4/CS-PVA. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 302-303 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=062&rid=5787 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605787 Classification-JEL: Q53, Q56, Q55 Keywords: chitosan; poly vinyl alcohol; layered titanosilicate AM-4; layered stannosilicate UZAR-S3; ion exchange; barrier Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605787 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: María del Mar López Guerrero Author-Name-First: María del Mar Author-Name-Last: López Guerrero Author-Email: mmlopez@uma.es Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Malaga, Andalucia Tech Author-Name: Gema López Guerrero Author-Name-First: Gema Author-Name-Last: López Guerrero Author-Email: gemalog80@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Malaga, Andalucia Tech Title: Implementation of ITC to make the Chemistry more interesting in Engineerer Grades Abstract: Chemistry is a subject many students prefer to avoid, even if they have an interest in science, because of its reputation for lowering grade point averages. However, it isn't as bad as it seems.Chemistry has a reputation as being a difficult subject to master, but there are steps you can take to improve your chances of success. The key to learning chemistry is to take responsibility for your own learning. No one can learn chemistry for you. If you want to be good at something, you have to practice it. If you review chemistry every day and work problems every day, you'll find a rhythm that will make it easier to retain the material and learn new concepts.Furthermore, in order to improve the Chemistry learning, it was thought that the use of ICTs could be very beneficial. In general, ICT can help to increase participation of students in the area and would improve the direct intervention of the students which motivates their learning. On the other hand, every student has smartphone and internet access.After it was identified student misconceptions and misinterpretation in Chemistry for engineering students as they are attempting to interpret and explain the chemical processes. Oxidation-reduction reactions were identified the most difficult concept, following by solubility and formulation. The objective was to carry out a proposal for teaching contents of chemistry using didactic resources for virtual environment, the use of a simulation that lets students to construct useful mental models in redox reactions; an online interactive periodic table of the elements was developed. Clicking on an element symbol in the periodic table to get facts for that element, discovering the elements, the properties and trends. Videos of solubility in which could be possible to watch the reactions.Results. The used ITC demonstrated that students significantly increased the number scientifically acceptable ideas in student´s conceptions of science due to the fact that the use of ITC has demonstrated that allows them to practise.Conclusion. The use of either interactive table or the simulation or videos can be helpful in improving problem solving. This encourages students to develop new ideas about science, and allows them to create a memory from viewing animations, leading to confirmation or modification of the existing mental model. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 304-304 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=063&rid=5712 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605712 Classification-JEL: I21, I20, I23 Keywords: ICT, Chemistry, simulations Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605712 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ewa Magier-?akomy Author-Name-First: Ewa Author-Name-Last: Magier-?akomy Author-Email: magier.ewa@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: WSB University in Gda?sk Author-Name: Honorata Neumueler Author-Name-First: Honorata Author-Name-Last: Neumueler Author-Email: honine@op.pl Author-Workplace-Name: WSB University in Gda?sk Title: The influence of gender and expressed emotions on evaluation of manager?s behavioral and professional competen Abstract: The gender issue in management is still vividly discussed (i.e. :Byron 2008; Chua; Murray, 2015; Lakshmi, Peter, 2015). Researchers are interested in both: relation between manager?s gender and real efficacy, and between manager?s gender and perceiving his/her efficacy. The aim of this work is to understand the role of manager?s gender and his/her emotions in the perception of his/her professional competencies and social or personal skills. Authors try to answer the question whether the evaluation of the manager?s professional and behavioral competencies depends on manager?s gender and emotions expressed at his/her face. It was expected that negative emotion, especially expressed by female manager would decrease the evaluation of her competencies. To test the hypotheses, 4 questionnaires were developed. Each questionnaire consist of picture, short description of manager and 25 characteristics given in the form of semantic differential scale. Each version differed with an attached picture according to independent variables included to the research: gender (man vs woman) and emotion (joy vs anger). 25 characteristics referred to professional and behavioral skills. 160 subjects (employees) participated in the study. Results show that expressed emotion more significantly determines female manager?s competencies than male. In addition, negative emotion expressed by woman conduces to low evaluation. The emotion expressed by man does not influence how he is perceived, sometimes his negative emotion leads to perceiving his competencies as higher (i.e.: in decision making, or being reliable). The results are discussed in the frame of social perception theories. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 305-305 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=064&rid=6360 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606360 Classification-JEL: A10, A13, A14 Keywords: economic psychology, manager's competencies, gender, emotions, social perception, decision making, ANOVA Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ewa Magier-?akomy Author-Name-First: Ewa Author-Name-Last: Magier-?akomy Author-Email: magier.ewa@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: WSB University in Gda?sk Author-Name: Monika Boguszewicz-Kreft Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Boguszewicz-Kreft Author-Email: monika.boguszewicz@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: WSB University in Gda?sk Author-Name: Brigita Jani?nait? Author-Name-First: Brigita Author-Name-Last: Jani?nait? Author-Email: brigita.janiunaite@ktu.lt Author-Workplace-Name: Kaunas University of Technology Title: Dimension of the Country of Origin Effect in the Perception of Medical Services in EU Countries? an International Comparison Abstract: The influence of the country?s images on consumer attitudes has been defined as the country of origin (COO) effect. So far, the research in that field in services has been relatively scarce, and the analysis of expert literature indicated that the question of the COO effect in medical services has been discussed only in one article.The aim of the paper is to provide the answers to the following questions: 1) do the COO dimensions apply to the assessment of medical services?; 2) what is the significance of the particular dimensions in these services?; 3) does the significance of the particular dimensions depend on consumers? origin?Four dimensions have been introduced: innovativeness, diversity, quality, prestige. Study has been carried out in three European countries (Germany, Lithuania and Poland) and the survey sample consists of 264 respondents. The data have been collected with the use of a questionnaire form developed by the authors. Their statistical processing has been provided with the use of a t test and the analysis of variance with repeated measurement.The analysis confirms very high significance of the COO dimensions in medical services, and the fact that the significance is of differentiated nature. The research indicates that Quality and Innovativeness are the most important dimensions as regards medical services. Diversity and Prestige are significantly less important. The differentiation pertaining to the significance of dimensions indirectly indicates that medical services are affected by the COO effect. The analysis indicates that the COO dimensions as well as consumers? origin affect the assessment of the importance pertaining to a particular dimension, however the pattern of dimension preference is similar in all three countries. The results of the research may be applied in economic practice: in marketing operations of service providers and in operations of institutions which deal with shaping the image of their country and its positioning in the international environment. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 306-317 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=065&rid=6335 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606335 Classification-JEL: M31, L84, L83 Keywords: country-of-origin (COO) effect, the dimensions of the COO effect, medical services, services marketing Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606335 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Heba Mansour Author-Name-First: Heba Author-Name-Last: Mansour Author-Email: hemansour@effatuniversity.edu.sa Author-Workplace-Name: Effat University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Design Department Author-Name: Reham Mohie El-din Author-Name-First: Reham Author-Name-Last: Mohie El-din Author-Email: remohieeldin@effatuniversity.edu.sa Author-Workplace-Name: Effat University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Design Department - Modern Academy for Engineering and Technology. Title: The Recycling Concept in the Design Education Abstract: Our world is changing rabidly due to the rapid economic development, and the resulted significant increase in the amount of produced wastes. As a result; the environmental benefits of recycling have become a major component of waste management programs. Thus, there was a need for new teaching methodology and materials in the educational sector that allows the crucial implementation of the recycling concept in the creation of all the new designs and products. Then students can learn how to create new designs from recycled materials since it became essential and a must. Thus, this research will discuss the attempt conducted by the Design department, in Effat university- KSA, to implement the recycle concept in their design studio-1. The created designs will be demonstrated and analyzed from the aesthetically and practicality points of view. As a result, this paper argues that it is applicable to make recycled products more attractive to the future generation, regarding the recovering and reusing waste products?from household use, and thereby reducing their burden on the environment. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 318-328 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=066&rid=6288 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606288 Classification-JEL: I23 Keywords: Environment, Waste product, Recycling, Design Studio, Education. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mohd Kamel Mat Salleh Author-Name-First: Mohd Kamel Author-Name-Last: Mat Salleh Author-Email: mohdkamel73@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: National University of Malaysia Author-Name: Mohd Al Adib Samuri Author-Name-First: Mohd Al Adib Author-Name-Last: Samuri Author-Email: al_adib@ukm.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: National University of Malaysia Author-Name: Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim Author-Name-First: Mohd Izhar Ariff Author-Name-Last: Mohd Kashim Author-Email: izhar@ukm.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: National University of Malaysia Title: Fatwa as an Authority in Secular Courts of Malaysia Abstract: Fatwa has been recognized as one of the sources of Islamic law in Malaysia. Fatwa issued by a Mufti's office becomes a reference to the Shariah court on any unresolved disputes and legal issues. Accordingly, the position of fatwa in civil court (a secular court) is called into question as there are many cases that refer to the fatwa ruling in such court. The extent of fatwa and views of mufti as authority in the Malaysian civil court has yet been explored as scope of discussion by many scholars. Thus, this article is a discussion on position of fatwa authority in the ruling of civil courts. This study was conducted using document analysis method on court cases to determine whether the views of mufti and fatwa being issued were really taken as reference and authoritative in the Malaysian civil court. The study found that secular court refers to fatwa in some cases and fatwa does affect the decision of the court ruling. However, in some other cases, the court did not refer to the fatwa ruling despite the availability of relevant fatwa. This study is important not only to reflect the position of fatwa as an authoritative source of law in the judicial system in Malaysia but also the influence of fatwa over the secular civil court. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 329-340 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=067&rid=5498 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605498 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Mufti, fatwa authority, civil court, expert evidence Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605498 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nurul Hudani Md. Nawi Author-Name-First: Nurul Hudani Author-Name-Last: Md. Nawi Author-Email: nurul@ums.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: University Malaysia Sabah Author-Name: Redzuan Ma'rof Author-Name-First: Redzuan Author-Name-Last: Ma'rof Author-Email: marof@upm.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Putra Malaysia Author-Name: Balan Rathakrshnan Author-Name-First: Balan Author-Name-Last: Rathakrshnan Author-Email: balanrathakrishan@ums.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Universiti Malaysia Sabah Author-Name: Rajiv Gandhi Author-Name-First: Rajiv Author-Name-Last: Gandhi Author-Email: rajiv@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: National Institute of Youth Development Title: Job Performance: Structural Modelling the Relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership Abstract: This study aims to investigate the effects of emotional intelligence and the impact of transformational leadership behaviour towards job performance. Sample of the study was comprised of 306 (Male =132; Female =174) public school personnel as leaders in their respective environments, such as principal, senior administrative assistant, senior assistant student affairs (HEM), senior assistant curriculum, the heads of the four departments set by the Ministry of Education i.e. Heads of Humanities and Religion, Science and Math, English, and Engineering & vocational as well as members of general committee from High Performance Schools (SBT) in Malaysia. Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI), Transformational Leadership Behaviour (Multi-factor leadership questionnaire) (MLQ) and job performance were used to measure EI, transformational leadership and job performance accordingly. The structural equation modelling (SEM, a multivariate technique, via Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) computer software version 20.0 was utilised to empirically test and estimate the hypothesised relationship between constructs. Results revealed that emotional intelligence is positively related to transformational leadership behaviour, and transformational leadership behaviour has a significant and positive relationship with job performance. Among the two predictors, transformational leadership was found to have a greater direct impact on job performance and exist direct impact of emotional intelligence was found in this empirical analysis on job performance. On a practical note, the assessment of psychological constructs in school setting e.g.; EQ and leadership behaviour could possibly assist in enhancing the work performances in delivering huge benefits to the society especially in the educational contexts. Finding of the present research can help to improve overall organizational behaviour and productivity resulting in optimum service delivery to the stakeholders within educational system in Malaysia. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 341-354 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=068&rid=5503 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605503 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Emotional intelligence, personality traits, leadership behaviour, job performance, educator leader. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605503 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Concetta Barbara Mendolicchio Author-Name-First: Concetta Barbara Author-Name-Last: Mendolicchio Author-Email: barbara.mend@virgilio.it Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Employment research - IAB Author-Name: Tito Pietra Author-Name-First: Tito Author-Name-Last: Pietra Author-Email: tito.pietra@unibo.it Author-Workplace-Name: Universita di Bologna Title: On the efficiency properties of the Roy?s model under asymmetric information Abstract: We consider Roy?s economies with perfectly competitive labor markets and asymmetric information. Firms choose their investments in physical capital before observing the characteristics of the labor markets they will face. We provide conditions under which equilibrium allocations are constrained Pareto efficient, i.e., such that it is impossible to improve upon the equilibrium allocation by changing agents? investments and letting the other endogenous variables adjust to restore market clearing. We also provide a robust example of a class of economies where these conditions fail and where equilibria are characterized by overinvestments in high skills. The results can contribute indirectly to the literatureon optimal taxation in Roy?s models. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 355-355 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=069&rid=6311 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606311 Classification-JEL: D60, J24, D82 Keywords: Roy?s model, human capital, constrained Pareto efficiency Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Babulia Mghebrishvili Author-Name-First: Babulia Author-Name-Last: Mghebrishvili Author-Email: dmghebrishvili@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: EKATERINE UROTADZE Author-Name-First: EKATERINE Author-Name-Last: UROTADZE Author-Email: ekaterine.urotadze@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: Functions of Retailing Abstract: Retailing plays an important role in the development of Georgia?s economy. In recent years it has changed considerably. Sales volume has increased as well as the number of employees in this sphere. According to the international rating regarding retail trading Georgia held the 6th position among 30 countries. In strengthening this position understanding and implementation of the functions of retailing plays an important role along with some other factors. The essence of retailing is expressed in its functions, so if the functions are completed properly, the tasks of retailing are usually successfully solved. At present the scientists do not have the same opinion about the functions of retailing. As a result of the analyses of different opinions about the matter, we think that the main function of retailing is delivering of the product through selling and buying to the immediate customer. In order to accomplish this function, all retailers perform certain operations, which are called by us as sub-functions. They are the following: Studying of market conjuncture; Analyses of the demand ? supply ratio of certain products; Product buying and formation of product assortment; Storage of products; Price setting for products; Information provision for suppliers and buyers; Selling of the product to the immediate customer. Length: 5 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 356-360 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=070&rid=6245 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606245 Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: Retailing, Function, Customer, Supplier. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606245 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Simin Mozayeni Author-Name-First: Simin Author-Name-Last: Mozayeni Author-Email: mozayens@newpaltz.edu Author-Workplace-Name: State University of New York at New Paltz Author-Name: Simon Li Author-Name-First: Simon Author-Name-Last: Li Author-Email: lis2@hawkmail.newpaltz.edu Author-Workplace-Name: SUNY New Paltz Title: Household Saving Rates and Social Insurance Retirement Income: An International Comparison of the OECD Countries Abstract: The motivation for this research is to examine the debate about the effect of social insurance on private savings as suggested by Feldstein (1974) and Leimmer and Lesony (1982). The null hypothesis is whether expected social insurance benefits in retirement displace household private savings. We use a panel data comprised of most OECD countries (driven by data availability), incorporating 2004-2014. We also reconsider the G7 countries (Mozayeni, 2015) with the data currently available. In both cases, our dependent variable is the Household Saving Rate (HS), measured as the percentage of Disposable Income, as reported in the National Income Accounts. The dependent variables are: the Gross Replacement Rate (GRR) for retirement benefits, which had become available for 2004-2014; the Long Term Interest Rate, which is the daily average for ten year-governments? bond rates, and two fixed-effect variables, which account for the specific effects of the countries and the years in the data. Overall, our models predicts the relationships well, with R2 =0.88 for the OECD panel and 0.94for G7. We first discuss our results for the OECD panel and then the G7. In the OECD regression, the sign for HS varies year to year and from county to country. The significant levels are high only for 11of 26 countries in the sample. With an F value of 26.94, compared to 4.052 for ?=0.01, the ANOVA test strongly rejects the null hypothesis that between-groups and within-groups variations are the same. We therefore reject the null hypothesis that ?1= ?2 ,?, ?j = 0 and accept the alternative hypothesis ??0 for at least one value of the overall test. Our results show NO systematic dependence of household savings on retirement benefits. Our G7 regression produces an F test of 36.55, R2 = 0.94, and negative signs for all the years in the data and positive signs for the Country effect for some and negative for others--for Germany, Japan, United Kingdom and US, the signs are negative; whereas for France and Italy are positive. The Country significance levels are high only for Italy and UK. In conclusion, we reject the proposition that expected social security income in retirement displaces household savings for the OECD countries and G7 in our sample. We methodically consider any specific effect the period in our data may have on households? saving behavior. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 361-361 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=071&rid=6129 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606129 Classification-JEL: D69, E21, H55 Keywords: Household Savings, Private Savings Displacement, Gross Replacement Rates and Private Saving Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sukumaran Nair, M.K. Author-Name-First: Sukumaran Author-Name-Last: Nair, M.K. Author-Email: nairm@mopipi.ub.bw Author-Workplace-Name: University of Botswana Title: Macroeconomic Determinants of Economic Diversification in Botswana Abstract: Botswana, a sparsely populated middle income developing country in Southern Africa has been dependent on a single resource, diamond. Despite having high growth and high percapita incomes, the rates of unemployment and poverty have been quite high. Hence, the government has put in intense efforts towards diversification of the economy, but the success rate has been dismal. Some limited degree of diversification has occurred in the services sector. Even the latest government budget gives a great deal of importance to the diversification drive. Hence it is imperative to take a look at the factors that drive to the limited diversification observed so far and to see what lessons can be learned from that for taking further steps towards the desired goal. From the literature and from an understanding of the Botswana economy, the following explanatory variables were picked up to run a multivariate regression model. GDP Growth Rates, Share of Mining Output in GDP, Ratio of Gross Fixed Capital Formation to GDP, Ratio of Public Expenditure to GDP, Share of Tax Revenues in GDP, Annual Rate of Inflation, Share of Total Trade in GDP as a proxy for openness, Ratio of FDI to GDP and Exchange Rate. We took the coefficient of variation of sectoral shares as a proxy for economic diversification. Gross fixed capital formation and public expenditure were dropped as they were found to be highly collinear with some other variables. The estimates are found to be very robust with Adjusted R2 as high as 0.94. Mining GDP, Share of Taxes, Exchange Rates and GDP Growth are found to be significant at 5% level. Inflation is significant at 10% level. The study shows that still Mining share seems to be the driver of the limited diversification in Botswana. Higher the share of taxes, higher is the degree of diversification. An appreciation in exchange rates seem to be encouraging imports of inputs for various sectors to assist the diversification process. A negative sign for growth rates show that the efforts to diversification becomes effective, when the economy grows slowly and diversification happens to be the only way out. Inflation also affects diversification inversely. The Policy implication of the study is that the revenues from mining will have to be used prudently to effect diversification in the economy. Appropriate fiscal and monetary policies will have to be put in place to promote the diversification process in the economy. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 362-362 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=072&rid=6140 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606140 Classification-JEL: E27, A10, O11 Keywords: Botswana,Economic Diversification,Macroeconomic determinants, Multivariate Regression, Policy implications Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Baharudin Othman Author-Name-First: Baharudin Author-Name-Last: Othman Author-Email: baharudinjakim@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, Universiti Malaysia Sabah Author-Name: Sharifudin Md. Shaarani Author-Name-First: Sharifudin Author-Name-Last: Md. Shaarani Author-Email: fatihah@ums.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah Author-Name: Arsiah Bahron Author-Name-First: Arsiah Author-Name-Last: Bahron Author-Email: bharsiah@ums.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, Universiti Malaysia Sabah Title: The Effect of Halal Requirement Practices on Organization Performance among Food Manufactures in Malaysia Abstract: Halal management has grown rapidly including the production process and halal verification. Therefore, the aim of this study focused on the effects of halal practices on the organizational performance in Malaysian halal food industry. In this study, the halal requirement elements consisted of halal and thoyyib, internal process, halal assurance, and staff as the predictor of organizational performance. This study used a self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions. The questionnaire was distributed to multinational companies and small and medium enterprises (SME) in which 620 were applicable for analysis. The respondents were among the halal committee members in the respective companies. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 21. The results showed that halal requirement practices have a positive relation to the dependent variables. Moreover, only halal and thoyyib aspects (? = 0.319, p<0.05) is significant determinant organizational performance. On the other hand, internal process, halal assurance and staff do not have impact on organizational performance.The implication of the study found that the internal assessment by internal halal committee through an instrument created based on act, standard, and guidelines on halal standards which have been adopted by the authority in halal certification affects the improvement of organizational performance. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 363-379 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=073&rid=5504 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605504 Classification-JEL: Keywords: halal, halal requirement practices, organizational performance. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605504 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ozlem Ozgur Author-Name-First: Ozlem Author-Name-Last: Ozgur Author-Email: ozlemozgur@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Communicaiton Science Faculty Author-Name: Fatma Ucar Author-Name-First: Fatma Author-Name-Last: Ucar Author-Email: yasa_fatma@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Communication Faculty Title: Parents? Attitudes towards Children?s Use of Facebook Abstract: As a result of the rapid developments in communication technologies, Internet usage has become widespread with each passing day and an integral part of daily life. Computer and internet as the need of the modern era have an important place in children?s life as well as adults. Especially with the emergence of Facebook in 2004, internet usage began to increase especially among young people and children. Although the individual must be at least thirteen years old to be able to have a profile on Facebook, today many children under the age of thirteen have Facebook profile. According to the results of the research conducted by Telecommunications Communication Presidency (TIB) on the internet usage habits of children shows that 66% of the children use Social Sharing Sites at least once a day1. Results of EU Kids Online Project report related to children's Internet and Facebook in Turkey are as follows2:? 85% of children use Facebook.? 42% of children set their profile to Public on Facebook. Thus their Facebook account can be seen by anyone on or off Facebook.? 9,6% of children says that they encountered with a sad situation on the web, the ratio of parents who says their children encountered with a sad situation on the web is just 4.5%.? 15% of children stated that they visited websites including harmful information.As indicated, Internet technology is an important part of children?s lives as well as adults. It?s a well-known fact that these technologies adversely affect the physical, social and psychological development of children and the importance of the role of parents on children?s online behavior also accepted.This study aims to reveal parents? awareness of, behavior and attitudes toward their children?s use of Facebook. The research sample consists of 11 parents who have at least one child under 13 years and who has a facebook account. Individuals to be included in the sample is determined based on the using snowball sampling method. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with selected parents. Results show that parents feel uneasy about their children?s Facebook usage especially when children get exposed to contents including obscene, political and bad words. All of them know the rule about age limitation to have a Facebook account. And parents think their children spent too much time on Facebook and say that they try to limit and control the time they spent on Facebook. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 380-390 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=074&rid=5638 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605638 Classification-JEL: Keywords: New media, parents, children, facebook Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605638 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?skender Peker Author-Name-First: ?skender Author-Name-Last: Peker Author-Email: iskenderpeker@gumushane.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Gümü?hane University Author-Name: Tarhan Okan Author-Name-First: Tarhan Author-Name-Last: Okan Author-Email: tarhanokan@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gümü?hane University Author-Name: Emine Y?lmaz Author-Name-First: Emine Author-Name-Last: Y?lmaz Author-Email: emineyilmaz@osmaniye.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Author-Name: ?erife Demirelli Author-Name-First: ?erife Author-Name-Last: Demirelli Author-Email: sdemirelli@gumushane.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Gümü?hane University Title: Board Structure and Financial Performance Efficiency of Turkish Business Groups with GRA and DEA methods Abstract: In emerging countries like Turkey, where state-dependent characteristics of business system is dominant, the corporate governance principles are expected to be internalized in a larger scale through the political regulative pressures. Also, business groups, that are unrelated-diversified and highly controlled by the owning family members, are the dominating economic actors in many late-developing countries. In Turkey, Capital Markets Board enacted provisions regarding the structure of board of directors under the Communique of Principles Regarding Determination and Application of Corporate Governance Principles published on 30.12.2011. Based on this policy reform, this study aims at analyzing the relationship between firm performance and board structures of business groups and revealing the fact that whether the new policy leads to the outcomes expected. The population of the study consists of the whole business groups registered in Borsa Istanbul (the sole entity of exchange in Turkey). The analyses are conducted in two stages. First, using the Grey Relational Analysis, grey relational grade is obtained from the financial outputs (ROA, ROE, and ROS) of the years 2010-2014. Then, Data Envelopment Analysis-Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is used to obtain efficiency comparisons of the business groups according to their inputs (board size, women board members, independent board members, executive board members) and grey relational grade. The results show that following the policy enactment the efficiency rates are improved in parallel to their improved managerial efficiency. The study results give insight into the embracement of corporate governance principles and future discussions on principle-agent problems in developing countries. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 391-391 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=075&rid=6206 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606206 Classification-JEL: M10, G14, G34 Keywords: corporate governance, board structure, grey relational analysis, data envelopment Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Pelletier Author-Name-First: Daniel Author-Name-Last: Pelletier Author-Email: daniel.pelletier@uqo.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Université du Québec en Outaouais Author-Name: Chantal Valiquette Author-Name-First: Chantal Author-Name-Last: Valiquette Author-Email: julos.dan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: UQO Title: Accessing state funded services for children with disabilities: a strategic communication issue? Abstract: The quality of the social and academic integration of children with disabilities depends more and more on their parents' ability to ask for and gain access to various services. Confronted with numerous budget cuts, many social agencies are forced to reexamine their role and the array of services they can afford to offer. In this context, parents are faced with increasing paperwork, numerous go-betweens and complex negotiations when requesting services. Empirical studies dealing with utilization of services for persons with disabilities are scarce and focus mainly on socio-demographic variables associated with high or low rates of utilization. Some sholars have suggested that free and universal access to services that are state funded is a myth. In fact, a large number of complex processes could play the role af an ? expectancy cooling down ? process, through which parents who do not have access to services for their child are led to believe that they are responsible for this situation. A threefold research was conducted to shed light on this question: 1) a content analysis of various documents parents have to read and fill out when requesting services; 2) results of a survey conducted with a sample of 133 parents of children with a confirmed medical diagnostic of disability; 3) qualitative analysis of interviews involving 30 parents who had filled out requests for state funded services for their child. Results indicated that the processes involved in asking for services is complex and convoluted. Informations and forms prepared by governmental agencies require high level reading abilities. Parents who were successful in gaining access to appear to have better communication skills than those who were not. Implications of these results for the delivery of services for children with disabilities are discussed. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 392-401 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=076&rid=6277 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606277 Classification-JEL: I00, I14, Z18 Keywords: children; disabilities, services, social agencies, communication Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606277 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chuleewan Praneetham Author-Name-First: Chuleewan Author-Name-Last: Praneetham Author-Email: chuleewansru@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Suratthani Rajabhat University Author-Name: KONGSAK THATHONG Author-Name-First: KONGSAK Author-Name-Last: THATHONG Author-Email: chuleewansru@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Khon Kaen University Author-Name: NONGNAPAS THIENGKAMOL Author-Name-First: NONGNAPAS Author-Name-Last: THIENGKAMOL Author-Email: chuleewansru@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Mahasarakham University Title: Travel Behaviors of Thai and Foreign Tourists Traveling to Surat Thani Province Abstract: Increasing of tourists? number has impact on the tourism economy and the change in the structure of the local economy and society. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to study travel behaviors of Thai and foreign tourists traveling to Surat Thani Province, Thailand, in order to be guideline for the tourism planning and development in the province, which can lead to effectiveness of tourism strategy and marketing to suit the needs of tourists and targets group. There were 798 samples in total. The data collection tool was the questionnaires. The frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to analyze the data. The study found that tourists between the ages of 21 and 30, who had graduated with a bachelor?s degree, and worked in private business or company, mostly chose to travel to Koh Samui, Koh Phangan, and Koh Tao, respectively. Most of them chose to travel with family and friends with the aim of natural attraction. The findings revealed that most of tourists received information from the internet, friends telling and television, respectively. Time of spending was less than one week and travel cost was between 1,001- 2,000 Baht (between USD 30 - 62) per day. Moreover, the findings found that most of tourists were satisfied in transport quality at good level. However, travel cost, accommodation quality, accommodation cost, and security conditions were found at moderate levels. The overall satisfaction of the visit to Surat Thani province was at good level. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 402-409 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=077&rid=5896 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605896 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: Travel, Behavior, Tourists, Surat Thani Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605896 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Santiago Rojano Ramos Author-Name-First: Santiago Author-Name-Last: Rojano Ramos Author-Email: srr@uma.es Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Malaga, Andalucia Tech Author-Name: Gema López Guerrero Author-Name-First: Gema Author-Name-Last: López Guerrero Author-Email: gemalog80@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Malaga, Andalucia Tech Author-Name: Maria del Mar López Guerrero Author-Name-First: Maria del Mar Author-Name-Last: López Guerrero Author-Email: mmlopez@uma.es Author-Workplace-Name: University of Málaga, Andalucia Tech Title: How to make chemistry interesting for engineering students through information and communication technology. Abstract: Chemistry is a subject many students prefer to avoid, even if they have an interest in science, because of its reputation for lowering grade point averages. However, it isn't as bad as it seems.Chemistry has a reputation as being a difficult subject to master, but there are steps you can take to improve your chances of success. The key to learning chemistry is to take responsibility for your own learning. No one can learn chemistry for you. If you want to be good at something, you have to practice it. If you review chemistry every day and work problems every day, you'll find a rhythm that will make it easier to retain the material and learn new concepts.Furthermore, in order to improve the Chemistry learning, it was thought that use of ICT could be very beneficial. In general, ICT can help to increase participation of students in the area and would improve the direct intervention of the students which motivates their learning.After it was identified student misconceptions and misinterpretation in Chemistry for engineering students as they are attempting to interpret and explain the chemical processes. Oxidation-reduction reactions were identified as one of the most difficult concept, following by solubility and formulation. The objective was to carry out a proposal for teaching contents of chemistry using didactic resources for virtual environment, the use of a simulation that lets students to construct useful mental models in redox reactions and videos in which could be possible to watch the reactions.The used ITC demonstrated that students significantly increased the number scientifically acceptable ideas in student´s conceptions of science due to the fact that the use of ITC has demonstrated that allows them to practise and improve their knowledge. On the other hand, with this type of learning we obtain some advantages as construct scientifically acceptable mental models of substances and reactions at the molecular level.The use of the simulation or videos can be helpful in improving problem solving. This encourages students to develop new ideas about science, and allows them to create a memory from viewing animations, leading to confirmation or modification of the existing mental model. Furthermore, it will be possible that the student use their models to understand new chemistry concepts that require a molecular level. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 410-420 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=078&rid=6169 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606169 Classification-JEL: Keywords: ITC, Chemistry, Multimedia Application, Virtual Simulation, Redox Reactions Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kannika Ruangdej Chaosuansreecharoen Author-Name-First: Kannika Author-Name-Last: Ruangdej Chaosuansreecharoen Author-Email: kanni43@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Trang Author-Name: Patjamai Dumtip Author-Name-First: Patjamai Author-Name-Last: Dumtip Author-Email: du.patjamai@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Trang Title: Organophosphate and Carbamate Residual Levels in Vegetables of Trang Municipality Abstract: This experimental research design aimed to study residual levels of organophosphate and carbamate in 360 samples of a vegetable widely consumed in Trang Municipality, located in southern province of Thailand. Three kinds of vegetables were most eaten vegetables, organic vegetables and locally grown vegetables. 190 samples of the most eaten vegetables included cilantro, kale, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, chili, spring onion, celery, yard long bean, cucumber, tomato, lettuce, egg plant, Thai egg plant, Chinese morning glory, white radish, devil?s fig, asparagus, lemon. 50 samples of the organic vegetables included Chinese morning glory, Chinese cabbage, kale, cabbage and yard long bean. 120 samples of the locally grown vegetables included morning glory, curry leaf, Liang vegetable, star gooseberry, Thai basil, chili, Gotu kola, bird lettuce, bitter bean, fresh pod color (red yard long bean). The most eaten vegetables were collected from 3 wholesale markets and 200 grams for each vegetable was randomly collected from 3 areas (top, bottom and middle). The organic and locally grown vegetables were collected from 3 retail sale markets and 200 gram for each vegetable was randomly collected from 3 areas (top, bottom and middle). The residual level of organophosphate and carbamate was examined with GPO-M kit of Medical Science Department, Ministry of Public Health. The samples were collected during April ? July 2015.The results revealed that unsafe level (cholinesterase inhibitor level of 50-70%) of organophosphate and carbamate were found in most eat eaten vegetables 79 samples (41.58%) from 190 samples. Kinds of vegetables found pesticide residuals included cilantro, kale, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, chili, celery, spring onion, yard long bean, cucumber, tomato, Thai egg plant, white radish and lemon. All organic and locally grown vegetables were found safe residual level of organophosphate and carbamate. Based on the results of this study, public health authorities should encourage consumer to eat organic or locally grown vegetables and should properly wash vegetable before cooking. In addition, gardeners should be aware of the dangers of chemical pesticides for good quality and food safety of Thai vegetables. Meanwhile, authorities should work proactively to advise the use of chemical pesticides correctly and monitored continuously among gardeners throughout the country. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 421-434 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=079&rid=6106 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606106 Classification-JEL: I19 Keywords: Organophosphate and Carbamate residues, most eaten vegetables, organic vegetables, locally grown vegetables Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Rosa E. Sanchez G. Author-Name-First: Rosa E. Author-Name-Last: Sanchez G. Author-Email: umsanchr@mail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Manitoba Title: THE ROLE OF RESGUARDO LAND ACCESS AND LANGUAGES IN THE INCOME DISPARITY AFFECTING COLOMBIAN INDIGENOUS PEOPLE Abstract: This paper addresses the question ?Do land access through resguardos (reserve lands) and ethno linguistic alienation/integration contribute to the relative income poverty of Colombian Indigenous peoples?? To answer this question this investigation regressed the (log of) income unmet basic needs (IUBN) gap between Indigenous and non-minority people on a set of explanatory variables that included: the mean resguardo land size per family (as an indicator of land access) and the percent of Indigenous populations (at the municipal level) that speak Spanish and those that speak their Native language (as indicators of ethnolinguistic alienation/integration). The research results suggest that, for the Andean region, ethnolinguistic integration (speaking a Native language) was in important factor in decreasing the IUBN gap but, for the Amazonian region, ethnolinguistic acculturation (speaking Spanish) increased the IUBN gap. More resguardo land per family, however, tended to be associated with a larger IUBN gap. Further investigated suggested that this was likely due to the fact that resguardos tend to be large where lands are marginal and/or remote, making them economically unproductive. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 435-435 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=080&rid=6212 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606212 Classification-JEL: O18, J15, Z10 Keywords: Economic inequality, Indigenous people, non-minorities, land access, ethnolinguistic alienation, institutions Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ros Zam Zam Sapian Author-Name-First: Ros Zam Zam Author-Name-Last: Sapian Author-Email: zamzam@ukm.edu.my Author-Workplace-Name: National University of Malaysia Title: FOREIGN EQUITY FLOWS AND MARKET RETURN VOLATILITY: EVIDENCE FROM AN EMERGING EQUITY MARKET Abstract: This study examines the impact of foreign equity flows on market return volatility using a unique data set comprising of an aggregate daily trades data by two classes of foreign investors namely institutional and retail investors in an emerging market equity exchange, Bursa Malaysia between October 2009 and February 2015. Specifically, the aims of this study are i) to explore whether foreign equity flows have an effect on market return volatility, ii) to identify which classes of equity flows have an effect on market return volatility and iii) to identify what types of equity trades have an effect on market return volatility. This study employs VAR Granger Causality test and VAR Variance Decomposition to explore the impact of foreign equity flows on market return volatility. The findings of this study reveal that foreign equity flows do influence market return volatility with the value of trades affect market return volatility more than the quantity of trades. Institutional net flows have a bigger impact on market return volatility as compared to the retail net flows. While both the institutional buy and sell trades have an impact on market return volatility, only the retail buy trades have positive relationships with market return volatility. The institutional sell trades appear to explain more the variations in market return volatility than the institutional buy trades. On the contrary, the retail buy trades have more impact on market return volatility than the retail sell trades. The roles of the retail buy trades tend to diminish whereas the retail sell trades become more prominent with the longer time horizon. Similarly, the roles of the institutional buy and sell trades also show significant positive impact on market return volatility overtime. The findings of this study also demonstrate that innovations to foreign equity flows account for a small percentage variation of fluctuation in market return volatility. Thus, there are other factors may also influence the market return volatility. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 436-436 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=081&rid=5726 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605726 Classification-JEL: G11 Keywords: Foreign equity flows, market return volatility, emerging equity market, institutional and retail investors, buy and sell trades, granger causality, variance decomposition Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605726 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Koboro J Selala Author-Name-First: Koboro J Author-Name-Last: Selala Author-Email: jeffrey.selala@univen.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of Venda Title: Prosecutorial Power and its Constitutional Limits in South Africa: Reflections on the Pikoli Saga. Abstract: The suspension and subsequent dismissal by the President of the Republic of South Africa of the national director of public prosecutions, Advocate Vusi Pikoli, in 2007 and 2008 respectively, sparked a heated debate among legal scholars and political commentators concerning the extent to which the national prosecuting authority can freely exercise its prosecutorial powers in South Africa. The suspension in particular evoked widespread criticism against the President for what legal scholars and opposition political parties across South Africa referred to as the political interference with the functions of an independent institution. This paper revisits the case of the dismissed director to look closely at the nature and extent of prosecutorial power and to try to understand its limits under the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. An attempt is made to address a few interesting legal questions that emerge from the case. The first concerns the extent to which the national prosecuting authority can perform its functions independently, without interference and free from partisan politics. The second concerns the relationship between the political agenda of the prosecuting authority and its ability to execute its constitutional mandate. Because of the difficulty of reconciling the impartiality required for the proper discharge of the prosecuting authority?s constitutional responsibilities and its political accountability, the relationship between the prosecuting authority and the executive is critically examined. Thus, two fundamental concepts that are relevant to the effective functioning of the prosecuting authority, namely prosecutorial independence and prosecutorial accountability, are critically analysed. Drawing on the lessons from the case of the dismissed director, this paper makes an observation that the current constitutional structure pertaining to the national prosecuting authority in South Africa does not support the notion of complete prosecutorial independence. On the contrary, it is argued that under certain circumstances, such as in matters affecting or involving national security, the intervention of the relevant political head in the functions of the prosecuting authority may be legally justified. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 437-437 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=082&rid=6109 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606109 Classification-JEL: K10 Keywords: Constitution, national prosecuting authority, national security, Pikoli saga, prosecutorial accountability, prosecutorial independence, prosecutorial power Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Goksel Simsek Author-Name-First: Goksel Author-Name-Last: Simsek Author-Email: goksels@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk Üniversitesi Author-Name: Hatice Budak Author-Name-First: Hatice Author-Name-Last: Budak Author-Email: goksels@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Title: SOCIAL MEDIA AND THE NEW BORDERS OF PRIVACY FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF GENERATIONS Abstract: As an extension of the social media, social networking sites have started to be commonly used by every age group as a way of communication and to replace real life relationships. As the time spent on social media platforms increase, the aspects of the interaction among individuals also differ. This variation also affects privacy, which is a central concept in social relationships.Characteristics specific to the social media environment and the way of communication also influence the shared content that enables the continuity of the existence of individuals and the relationships they establish in this medium. On social media, individuals from different age groups show their difference from other individuals and extraordinariness through their personal life experiences. Thus, issues that are regarded to be within the private domain become visible in this virtual medium, which is open to the access of everyone. Within this scope, the basic hypothesis of the study is that the borders of privacy shrink within itself while they expand towards being public-explicit on the social media. The basic argument of the study is discussed in terms of the generation categories classified in line with the developments in information and communication technologies, and it is endeavored to determine whether there are any differences among the privacy attitudes and behaviors of different generations. The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 736 (according to processed questionnaire forms) participants from the Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y who used any of the social media tools. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire conducted in the province center of Konya between the dates of June 1-September 15, 2015. As the result of the study, it is concluded that gender categories have similar tendencies in social network communication, transformation has started in the privacy attitudes and behaviors of each generation, and generation characteristics also have a certain effect on this transformation. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 438-451 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=083&rid=6354 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606354 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Social Media, Generation X, Transformation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Juthamon Sithipolvanichgul Author-Name-First: Juthamon Author-Name-Last: Sithipolvanichgul Author-Email: juthamon@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Ediburgh Title: Enterprise Risk Management Measurement Method Abstract: Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is seen as an holistic approach to ensure a good risk management strategy for companies to help minimise potential pitfalls and improve long term business sustainability. However questions still arise whether ERM implementation impacts on a firm's performance. Past studies have shown no consensus that ERM does increase firm performance as advocated by regulators and business advisors. So the issue exists as to whether ERM implementation has been adequately assessed. An alternative measurement of ERM implementation is proposed. The measurement is based on standardised integrative scoring. The relationship between the proposed measurement and firm performance is then considered taking account of appropriate control variables. Using data from the Thailand Stock Exchange it was found implementing ERM can improve firm performance in term of Tobin's Q, ROE and ROA. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 452-452 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=084&rid=5462 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605462 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Enterprise Risk Management, Risk Management, Risk Organisation, Holistic Strategic, Firm Performance Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Spyros Spyrou Author-Name-First: Spyros Author-Name-Last: Spyrou Author-Email: sspyrou@aueb.gr Author-Workplace-Name: Athens University of Economics and Business Author-Name: Emilios Galariotis Author-Name-First: Emilios Author-Name-Last: Galariotis Author-Email: egalariotis@audencia.com Author-Workplace-Name: Audencia Nantes School of Management, Author-Name: Panagiota Makrichoriti Author-Name-First: Panagiota Author-Name-Last: Makrichoriti Author-Email: pegy_makrichoriti@hotmail.gr Author-Workplace-Name: Athens University of Economics and Business Title: Sovereign CDS Spread Determinants and Spill-Over Effects Abstract: This paper examines the determinants of CDS spreads and potential spillover effects for Eurozone countries during the recent financial crisis in the EU. We employ a Panel Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) model which combines the advantages of traditional VAR modelling with the advantages of a panel-data approach. In addition to variables that proxy for global and financial market spread determinants we also employ variables that proxy for behavioral determinants. We find that the determinants of CDS variance are neither uniform nor stable during different periods and different countries. For instance, as we move from 2008 to 2014 the impact of the slope of the term structure on CDS spread variance is increasing for Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece, Ireland, and decreasing for Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium and Austria. Other findings indicate that investor sentiment may be an important CDS spread determinant during the period between 2008 and 2010, along with other factors, while spillover effects may run from Spain and Italy to core countries while spillover effects from Portugal, Greece, and Ireland are of minor importance. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 453-453 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=085&rid=6062 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606062 Classification-JEL: G12, G15 Keywords: Financial Crisis, CDS, Spreads, Panel VAR, Sentiment Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606062 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Stasiak Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Stasiak Author-Email: monikastasiak.42@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Gda?sk Author-Name: Henryk Olszewski Author-Name-First: Henryk Author-Name-Last: Olszewski Author-Email: psyho@ug.edu.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Gda?sk Title: Health Locus of Control and Quality of Life in people with Spinal Cord Injury in Poland and Great Britain. Abstract: Sense of control is an important factor regulating every-day functioning and influencing appraisal of individual quality of life. In the situation of loss of motor functions, as observed in case of spinal cord injury, all aspects of person?s life undergo a significant change. Unfitness to perform certain actions may be felt as a limitation of ability to influence and control both surroundings as well as a personal (physiological and emotional) sphere. It is especially crucial for people with injury level of Th6 and above, experiencing symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia, which poses a significant threat of rapid deterioration of one?s health and untreated, may lead to death. Health locus of control, either internal or external, determines individual perception of factors influencing one?s wellbeing and general assessment of health. It lays foundations to positive or negative evaluation of life.The aim of this study is to investigate health locus of control and its impact on quality of life in individuals with spinal cord injury, experiencing symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia, in Poland and Great Britain.A total of 65 individuals with spinal cord injury, level Th6 and above experiencing symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia, from Poland (33 participants) and Great Britain (32 participants) were recruited. Study group consisted of people in young and middle adulthood with mean age of 31 ± 5. Each culturally diverse group represented a different type of care system, accordingly: institutional and person- centred/ individual. Research methods used include: Multidimentional Health Locus of Control Questionnaire (MHLC), Quality of Life Questionnaire ? Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Sociodemographic Questionnaire and Autonomic Dysreflexia Questionnaire (author?s construction).Results of psychometric analysis show significant differences in quality of life as well as health locus of control in two groups. Higher scores on MHLC internal subscale were found in participants from Great Britain, and were related to more positive assessment (higher scores) of quality of life in this group. Lower quality of life as well as higher results of internal subscale in MHLC questionnaire was found in participants from Poland. Internal health locus of control is associated with positive evaluation of one?s ability to control physical aspects of functioning, which is important for psychological wellbeing. Understanding relationship between locus of control and quality of life is a key to designing and implementing accurate intervention as well as education programs; being the source of support for patients. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 454-460 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=086&rid=6171 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606171 Classification-JEL: Keywords: spinal cord injury, autonomic dysreflexia, disability, health locus of control, quality of life Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jana ?tofková Author-Name-First: Jana Author-Name-Last: ?tofková Author-Email: jana.stofkova@fpedas.uniza.sk Author-Workplace-Name: ?ilinská univerzita v ?iline Author-Name: Zuzana ?tofková Author-Name-First: Zuzana Author-Name-Last: ?tofková Author-Email: zuzana.stofkova@fpedas.uniza.sk Author-Workplace-Name: ?ilinská univerzita v ?iline Author-Name: Stanislav ?tofko Author-Name-First: Stanislav Author-Name-Last: ?tofko Author-Email: stanislav.stofko@fbi.uniza.sk Author-Workplace-Name: ?ilinská univerzita v ?ilne Title: Some approaches to the issue of subjective aspects of the quality of life Abstract: The concept of the measurement of quality of life is used to evaluate the general state of well-being of individual persons and society. The quality of life should not be exchanged with the concept of standard of living, which is primarily based on income. The objective quality of life issues are based on measurements of so called "hard data", i.e. data from institutions and organizations that include financial accounts, civil records, medical statistics, pollution and other information that are routinely collected. Subjective aspect of quality of life is evaluated on the degree of satisfaction with various items and needs. This is a category associated with subjective perceptions of their lives within a system of values and within certain social, economic and political conditions. Subjective indicators (feelings of happiness, satisfaction, etc.) are usually measured and evaluated on the basis of quantitative and qualitative research. Some results of the survey of quality of life are shown in this paper. Several results of a survey conducted point on the subjective perception for example safety and other factors. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 461-468 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=087&rid=6339 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606339 Classification-JEL: I39 Keywords: quality of life, subjective aspect, survey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas Stone Author-Name-First: Nicholas Author-Name-Last: Stone Author-Email: nick_stone_187@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Lancaster University Author-Name: Jason Barrows Author-Name-First: Jason Author-Name-Last: Barrows Author-Email: jasonb@mail.dendai.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Tokyo Denki University Title: The type of English used in TOEIC classrooms can improve ELS learner motivation and achievement. Abstract: The debate surrounding the status of learning English as a second language (ESL) has evolved greatly over the past twenty years. During this period, both the identification and classification of new varieties of English, such as Hawaiian, Maltese and Filipino English, has garnered considerable attention around the world from many educators. The spread of new Englishes has had a large impact on teaching, allowing educators to target their teaching methods more accurately to meet the needs of their learners. However, this has not always been the case, as notable examples of Englishes can be found that seem to buck this trend such as Hong Kong English. In the case of non-native Englishes, the question of what is the best approach for educators to adopt; whether or not to teach the local variety or a native speaker model, is worthy of attention. Previous studies into attitudes towards new varieties of Englishes have generally followed a quantitative approach focusing on speakers? attitudes towards a given English, with few detailed qualitative studies conducted. Furthermore, the current classifications for the emergence and development of new varieties of English have dismissed the importance of speakers? sense of the value, usefulness and importance of the language they use, or their sense ownership of their English. Little in-depth research has been conducted into how notions of ownership may develop with the development of a new variety of English. To address this lack of data and provide educators with practical suggestions for teaching students of new Englishes, this presentation sets out to explore and examine the language attitudes of young professionals? attitudes toward the English that they use and how these attitudes can affect ESL learners? attitudes toward World Englishes. In addition, data from this presentation will add further to the body of the literature concerning the factors affecting new English speakers? sense of ownership.The results show that when the learners believe their English is inferior to native models, then the notion of ownership suffers, often as a result of learners sensing no usefulness in their English. The motivational level of learners lacking this sense of value in learning a specific variety of English will suffer, and they will search for a more prestigious model of English to study. In such cases educators should change their teaching methods to better meet learners? language ambitions and abilities. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 469-477 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=088&rid=5956 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605956 Classification-JEL: Keywords: ESL, motivation, TOEIC, ownership, World Englishes, new varieties of English Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605956 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Erhan Tonbul Author-Name-First: Erhan Author-Name-Last: Tonbul Author-Email: erhan_tonbul@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Eskisehir Anadolu University, Turkey Author-Name: Gamze Tuna Author-Name-First: Gamze Author-Name-Last: Tuna Author-Email: gamzetuna17@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Eskisehir Anadolu University, Turkey Author-Name: Nihal Erginel Author-Name-First: Nihal Author-Name-Last: Erginel Author-Email: nerginel@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Eskisehir Anadolu University Title: A NEW APPROACH: MAXIMIZING LOAD RATIOS OF VEHICLES TO MAINTAIN PROFITABILITY IN OPEN VEHICLE PROBLEMS Abstract: Open vehicle routing problem (OVRP) is a special case of the well-known vehicle routing problem (VRP), which is one of the most popular optimization issues in transportation. In open vehicle problems, the ultimate goal is usually defined as finding the routes with the optimum costs, by means of fleet size and the travelled distance. Vehicles do not return to the depot after delivering their goods to the customer nodes. There is a classical approach of finding the shortest paths and minimum fleet size to solve these problems. However, most logistic companies are often interested in the load ratio of their vehicles as well. They expect their vehicles to take long distances with reasonable load ratios. For a vehicle to leave the big percentage of the load in the first delivery points and take the remaining much longer distance almost empty is an unwanted situation. In this study, a solution to the open vehicle routing problems is proposed from this perspective. To solve these kinds of NP-Hard problems, using metaheuristics is a fine way of obtaining good-enough solutions within reasonable time. In this study, a modified genetic algorithm is coded and a user-friendly decision support system is designed to solve this specific problem. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 478-478 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=089&rid=6330 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606330 Classification-JEL: L91, L87 Keywords: open vehicle routing, maximizing load ratio, transportation optimization, metaheuristics, modified genetic algorithm, crossover operators, hybrid metaheuristic, optimization, shortest path, minimum fleet size Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kessini Tripoungpun Author-Name-First: Kessini Author-Name-Last: Tripoungpun Author-Email: kessinitri@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Surratthani Rajabhat University Title: Relationship between culture and tourism potential of interpretative signs: Case study URT Thailand (edit) Abstract: The major growth in the tourism industry of Thailand?s southern provinces can be prioritized as Phuket, Kabri, and Surat Thani, respectively (Department of Tourism, 2013). Surat Thani is deemed as one of Thailand?s most desired destinations by tourists, however, the province still lacks the effective tourism management. This paper will investigate the potential of the tourism interpretive signs along the new main road from Suratthani Airport to Donsak Ferry Pier.The results from the first survey have found that some of the interpretive signs are unclear, lack the standard form, contain format uncertainty and improper size and location, as well as the absence of Surat Thani?s identity. Efficient interpretative signs should include the following 6 main points: 1) relevance to the intended audience; 2) having themes; 3) providing novel experiences and avoiding repetition; 4) having clear and organized structures; 5) facilitating visitor involvement and choice; and 6) respecting the audience. In order to analyze all of the tourism signs, the two traveling directions are chosen, namely, from Suratthani Airport to Talad Kaset 2 and from Talad Kaset 2 to Donsak Ferry Pier.The result of this paper will employ both suitable location signs and interpretative signs found in Surat Thani. Both Thai and foreign travelers and tourists will clearly understand each sign which will lead to their destinations. Finally, the study is aimed that excursionists will become tourists when they come across clearly displayed potential interpretative signs. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 479-485 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=090&rid=6006 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606006 Classification-JEL: Keywords: interpretative signs, potential, tourism, Surat thani Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606006 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehlika Özlem Ultan Author-Name-First: Mehlika Özlem Author-Name-Last: Ultan Author-Email: ozlemultan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kocaeli University Title: THE EFFECT OF CULTURAL FACTORS ON THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION Abstract: There are some keystones in the development of European integration that had certain characteristics and peculiarities reflected on the structure of Europe. All of the social, cultural, historical, economical and political factors can affect this process.The European Union has undergone the three basic integration types; economic, political and cultural integrations. Althougth political integration was important, the economic integration was the most significant integration type. In the long run, cultural integration continues to be a problem. Cultural integration can be seen as a sociological problem because of its advantages and disadvantages that affect the European integration.Most of the researchers and experts have focused on economic and political phases rather than cultural processes. In this study, an approach which centred on cultural integration towards European integration process will be examined. The effects of cultural factors will be analyzed within the framework of European integration and European identity. Length: 15 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 486-500 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=091&rid=5735 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605735 Classification-JEL: N94 Keywords: European Integration, Cultural Integration, European Identity Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605735 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Engin Üngüren Author-Name-First: Engin Author-Name-Last: Üngüren Author-Email: enginunguren@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Author-Name: Serdar Arslan Author-Name-First: Serdar Author-Name-Last: Arslan Author-Email: serdararslan87@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Author-Name: Ya?ar Yi?it Kaçmaz Author-Name-First: Ya?ar Yi?it Author-Name-Last: Kaçmaz Author-Email: yykacmaz@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Alanya Municipality Title: The Effect of Self Efficacy On Organizational Alienation: A Study on Apart Hotel Employees Abstract: Undoubtedly, one of the most important factors of an organization?s success is it?s employees. Since the study of Hawtorne, it is a known fact that employee behavior and performance are related to many organizational variables. One of the variables that effect an organization?s employee performance, productivity and profitability is organizational alienation. When the literature is reviewed, it is seen that organizational alienation has many negative effects on job satisfaction, organizational silence, burn-out, work life quality, organizational commitment, employee turnover and productivity. There are organizational and individual reasons which affecting organizational alienation. The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of hospitality employees? self efficacy perception on organizational alienation. The research was carried out with employees working in apart hotels in Alanya, one of the most popular tourism destinations in Turkey. The data is collected from a random sample via questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to test the validity of hypotheses. After the analysis it was concluded that self-efficacy has a statistically meaningful yet partial effect on organizational alienation. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 501-512 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=092&rid=5915 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605915 Classification-JEL: M19 Keywords: Self efficacy, organizational alienation, hospitality management Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605915 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Itzhak Venezia Author-Name-First: Itzhak Author-Name-Last: Venezia Author-Email: itzhakvenezia@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Tel Aviv Yaffo Academic College Author-Name: Sasson Bar Yosef Author-Name-First: Sasson Author-Name-Last: Bar Yosef Author-Email: sasson.baryosef@unibocconi.it Author-Workplace-Name: Bocconi University Title: Are the New Rules of Segment Reporting, SFAS 131, Useful for Analysts? Abstract: This paper analyzes whether the new segment reporting rules, SFAS 131, improve analysts? likelihood to accurately forecast future financial results of firms. We conduct an experimental analysis where subjects are given the task to predict future values of key financial variables of several corporations, and we compare the accuracy of the predictions based on the old rules vs. the new ones. Most of the forecasts based on the new rules were not significantly different or significantly more precise than those based on the former ones. Also, only a small percentage of the subjects found the new segment reports central in their analysis. It appears that the new rules, whereas noticeable by the subjects, did not help them achieve more accurate forecasts. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 513-513 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=093&rid=6040 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606040 Classification-JEL: G00, G02, M40 Keywords: Behavioral Finance, Experimental Economics, Analysts? Predictions, Segment reporting, Financial Statements Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606040 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Savanna Washington Author-Name-First: Savanna Author-Name-Last: Washington Author-Email: sw101@AardvarkAlleyFilms.com Author-Workplace-Name: City University of New York Title: Black Lives Matter: How the Portrayal of Race in the U.S. Media Frames Racial Opinion, Discourse, and Violence Abstract: In 1915, ?The Clansman,? a 3-1/2 hour film, opened at Clune?s Auditorium in Los Angeles seating 2500 people. At the time most films ran 15 minutes or less and screened at ?Nickelodeans,? cheap store fronts that generally seated 200 people or less. Later re-titled, ?Birth of a Nation,? it was the first movie to introduce modern shot composition, editing, and theatrics in a way audiences had never seen before. Donald Bogle writes, ?The film?s magnitude and epic grandeur swept audiences off their feet.? Then president, Woodrow Wilson, said of the film, ?It?s like writing history with lightning.? Only the film wasn't history, it was single-minded propaganda written by Thomas Dixon.The film was based on the book written by Thomas Dixon ? a Southern white man, entitled, ?The Clansman: An Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan,? Dixon lived in North Carolina during the ?Reconstruction? period immediately after the American Civil War. Reconstruction was a period marked by the beginnings of enfranchisement for former black slaves, including advances in elected office, which horrified whites in North Carolina (and throughout the South). The negative stereotypes of Blacks in Birth of a Nation, ?Literal and unimaginative as some types might now appear, the naïve and cinematically untutored audiences of the early part of the century responded to the character types as if they were the real thing.? (Bogle) It is estimated that by 1930 almost 50 million Americans had seen the film ? fully one-third of the population of the country. In 1934, the Payne Fund Studies argued that, ?Birth of a Nation showed how great an impact films could have in encouraging audiences? racism.? Birth of a Nation gave rise to negative black archetypes that continued to be perpetrated in the media for decades after the film and these negative archetypes still frame racial opinion, public discourse, and violence in the United States, 100 years after it was released. In 2014-2015 in the United States, several deaths of unarmed black men at the hands of police renewed public discourse about race in contemporary America. How are African-American communities perceived by the police and the majority culture as a whole? Where do these perceptions emanate? This paper focuses on the history of the perception of Black people in America and how the film, ?Birth of a Nation,? distributed 100 years ago this year, continue to shape the narrative of Black people in America. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 514-514 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=094&rid=5932 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605932 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Black images in media, Black Lives Matter, Birth of a Nation, D.W. Griffith, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605932 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Liezel Wegner Author-Name-First: Liezel Author-Name-Last: Wegner Author-Email: liezelwegner@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Western Cape Author-Name: Anthea Rhoda Author-Name-First: Anthea Author-Name-Last: Rhoda Author-Email: arhoda@uwc.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Western Cape Title: Common causes of lower limb amputation in a rural community in South Africa Abstract: Aim: To determine the most common cause of lower limb amputation in a rural setting in South Africa.Methods: The study was set in the four district hospitals and one regional hospital in a rural health district in northern Kwa-Zulu Natal. A mixed methods approach was used to collect data, and the specific type of design that was applied in this study was a concurrent convergent design. Data was collected in three stages independently of one another (two quantitative and one qualitative stage), and the findings was triangulated in order to come to a conclusion. Stage one was a quantitative retrospective document analysis, stage two utilised a longitudinal prospective descriptive design and stage three consisted of semi-structured interviews with surgeons and amputees. Results: An average of 20 lower limb amputations were performed on a monthly basis in the regional hospital, and 71% of the people who lost their lower limbs were also diabetic. Of the diabetic population who lost lower limbs, 81% were also diagnosed with hypertension. Discussion/Conclusion: A relatively large number of lower limb amputations per month are performed at this rural regional hospital on a relatively young population. Contrary to what is reported in the literature relating to the common causes of lower limb amputation in a rural setting in developing countries, diabetes mellitus was identified as the leading cause of lower limb loss. This information can assist to inform health promotion and diabetes and amputation prevention strategies in rural settings. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 515-515 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=095&rid=5992 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605992 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Amputation, rural, cause Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605992 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monwipa Wongrujira Author-Name-First: Monwipa Author-Name-Last: Wongrujira Author-Email: monwipa@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: School of Communication Arts, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University Title: Survey of Children?s Access to Indecent Content via New Media: A Case Study from Thailand Abstract: The research aims to study the new media usage of Thai children and youth, between 6-22 years old. A mixed research method was applied including: survey of 633 children and youth around Bangkok, selected by multi-stage sampling, and three focus groups of parents selected by purposive sampling. The results showed that smart phone was the most popular new media among children and youth. Their average time spending on new media was more than 4 hours per day, while a large portion of kids spent up to 10 hours per day. You Tube was the most popular social media among children and youth in every age. Online game was the most popular among small children, whereas Facebook was the most popular among youth. The main purposes of utilizing new media were entertainment, followed by chatting with friends and searching information. Most of the kids reported while going online they can easily and accidentally access to indecent contents, especially sexual content. Also, focus groups of the parents revealed that it became more difficult to control their children?s usage of new media while they grew up. Some children severely addicted to new media. Another main problem was less media and information literacy of parents. International study would be a lesson learned for policy makers in order to protecting children. Media and information literacy should be taken seriously for both parents and kids. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 516-522 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=096&rid=5705 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3605705 Classification-JEL: Keywords: children, new media, media literacy, indecent content, Thailand Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605705 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Xueping Wu Author-Name-First: Xueping Author-Name-Last: Wu Author-Email: efxpwu@cityu.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: City University of Hong Kong Title: Do Market Imperfections Give Rise to Financial Constraints or Growth Type Compatibility? Abstract: It is commonly believed that market imperfections impose financing constraints on corporate investment and impede economic growth. But neoclassic theory insists that investment opportunities have an overriding effect on corporate investment despite market imperfections. This paper shows that market imperfections do not hinder corporate investment to the extent that growth type compatibility of investment and financing effectively mitigates asymmetric informational problems. Our study deals with listed firms which, unlike private firms, have access to external finance in the capital markets.What we call growth type compatibility characterizes the equilibrium in which investment styles (characterized by R&D versus fixed asset investment) and optimal financing arrangements (equity versus debt financing) go hand in hand with corresponding firm growth types. High-growth type firms have dominant asymmetric information on growth opportunities and low-growth type firms have dominant asymmetric information on assets-in-place. Distinct growth types constitute distinct informational imperfections.Growth type compatibility starts with the premise that firms with a particular growth type attract and accommodate a certain type of competitively available human capital (or knowledge capital). This gives rise to persistently distinct corporate investment styles and optimal financial policies in response. Wu and Au Yeung (2009, 2012) find that growth type compatibility contributes to the persistence in both leverage ratios and propensity to pay dividends.Using Compustat data on US firms, this paper shows that high and low firm growth types constitute persistently distinct informational imperfections. Growth type is positively correlated with investment style (measured by R&D/[Capex+R&D]), both being persistent over time and negatively affecting the sensitivity of investment to cash flow. At the same time, the growth-type-aligned investment style positively affects the sensitivity of equity-and-debt-financing-differential to market conditions, reflecting a growth-type-aligned pecking order in financing. These findings suggest the effect of growth type compatibility rather than that of financing constraints. The persistence of high and low growth types indicates that informational imperfections do not necessarily impose meaningful financing constraints on listed firms in well-functioning capital markets. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 523-523 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=097&rid=6161 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606161 Classification-JEL: D92, G30, G31 Keywords: Investment, Informational Imperfections, Growth Type, Financing Constraints Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Fadime YALC?N ARSLAN Author-Name-First: Fadime Author-Name-Last: YALC?N ARSLAN Author-Email: fyalcin80@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gaziantep University Title: The use of social media as a form of informal e-mentoring tool Abstract: Mentoring is a powerful personal and professional development tool for teachers and it involves counseling, modeling, support and mutually shared knowledge. Mentoring may be developed in various ways by using different tools. This study investigated the use of a social media group as a form of informal e-mentoring. The entries, comments and responses provided by the members of the group were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results indicated a list of emerging topics for mentoring along with the number of comments and words for each entry. Therefore, the content of each emerging topic was analyzed quantitatively and it was supported by examples from members? comments and exchanges qualitatively. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 524-524 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=098&rid=6160 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606160 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Professional development, informal mentoring, language teachers, e-mentoring, social media Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yusuf Yavuz Author-Name-First: Yusuf Author-Name-Last: Yavuz Author-Email: yuyavuz@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: Reza Shahbazi Author-Name-First: Reza Author-Name-Last: Shahbazi Author-Email: reza_dr2006@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: A. Sava? Koparal Author-Name-First: A. Sava? Author-Name-Last: Koparal Author-Email: askopara@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Author-Name: Ülker Bak?r Ö?ütveren Author-Name-First: Ülker Author-Name-Last: Bak?r Ö?ütveren Author-Email: uogutver@anadolu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Anadolu University Title: BR29 Dye Removal from Model Solution by Aluminum Electrocoagulation Abstract: It is unknown how much synthetic organic dyes produced in the world, although financial reports estimate their continuous increase in the worldwide market up to about US$11 billion in 2008 with a production of dyestuffs over 7 × 105 tons [1]. These dyes are used in industrial companies, such as dyestuffs, textile, paper and plastics, in order to color their products and also they consume substantial volumes of water and consequently they generate a considerable amount of colored wastewater [2]. Electrocoagulation is an efficient and cost-effective method for removing organic and inorganic pollutants which has some advantages such as [3-4]: (i) more effective and rapid organic matter separation than in coagulation, (ii) pH control is not necessary, except for extreme values, (iii) the amount of chemicals required is small, (iv) the amount of sludge produced is smaller when compared with coagulation.In this study electrocoagulation of Basic Red 29 (BR29) dye using aluminum electrodes in parallel plate mode was fulfilled. With this aim, parametric studies were held to investigate the effects of current density, initial pH, supporting electrolyte concentration and initial dye concentration on dye removal. At the best experimental conditions obtained, chemical oxygen demand (COD)was examined and time coarse variation of model wastewater were also be investigated. During the studies, samples were withdrawn from the reactor at predetermined time intervals to analyze the BR29 concentrations followed by centrifugation at 7000 rpm. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 525-525 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=099&rid=6055 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606055 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Electrocoagulation, Aluminum Electrode, BR29 Dye Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606055 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: O?uz Yolal Author-Name-First: O?uz Author-Name-Last: Yolal Author-Email: oguzyolal@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: KONYA SELÇUK ÜN?VERS?TES? Title: THE MINORITY SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS IN THE JO?NT STOCK COMPANIES ACCORDING TO TURKISH COMMERCIAL CODE Abstract: Minority shareholder rights are given to protect certain shareholders against majority shareholders. Majority rule prevails in the joint stock companies. Therefore, majority groups influence making decisions in these companies in Turkey. In this case, shareholders who constitute a majority at general assembly bring about violating minority shareholders? rights. Because minority rights are intended to balance between majority and minority groups. Neither majority stakeholders nor minority stakeholders can be only executive of the joint stock companies. Minority shareholder rights are guaranteed by legal regulations. Minority rights are also regulated in the Turkish Commercial Code. According to Turkish Commercial Code, 10 percent of capital stock in the non-public incorporated companies and 5 percent of paid stock in the public joint stock company companies are minority.Minority rights are separated as positive and negative minority rights in the Turkish Commercial law. Turkish Commercial Code contains eight positive and two negative minority rights.The aim of this article is to examine ?The Minority Shareholder Rights In The Joint Stock Companies According To Turkish Commercial Code?. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 526-526 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=100&rid=6085 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606085 Classification-JEL: K30, K30 Keywords: minority rights, shareholder rights, Turkish Commercial Code Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606085 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Eunji Yu Author-Name-First: Eunji Author-Name-Last: Yu Author-Email: eunjiyu08@kisti.re.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Author-Name: Youngeun Kwon Author-Name-First: Youngeun Author-Name-Last: Kwon Author-Email: yekwon@kisti.re.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Title: building National R&D Trend Knowledge Map using Topic Analysis. Abstract: Recently, big data collection, storage, analysis and visualization technologies have emerged in IT industry. As a result, there have been attempts to discover issues in diverse domains such as politics, society, economy and culture and utilize the results in making a decision. For example, a trend knowledge map and issue tracking designed to extract issues and glimpse at issue change patterns have drawn an attention. This study has proposed a method to construct a visualized national R&D trend knowledge map after analyzing user query data on national R&D information in the National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS) which has collected and provided the national R&D information. It is expected that the proposed national R&D trend knowledge map would help national R&D researchers plan and implement national R&D projects and programs. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 527-532 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=101&rid=6357 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606357 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Text Mining, Topic Analysis, Issue Tracking, Visualization, Social Network Analysis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Arturs Zeps Author-Name-First: Arturs Author-Name-Last: Zeps Author-Email: arturs.zeps@rtu.lv Author-Workplace-Name: Riga Technical University Author-Name: Leon?ds Ribickis Author-Name-First: Leon?ds Author-Name-Last: Ribickis Author-Email: leonids.ribickis@rtu.lv Author-Workplace-Name: Riga Technical University Author-Name: Juris Iljins Author-Name-First: Juris Author-Name-Last: Iljins Author-Email: juris.iljins@rtu.lv Author-Workplace-Name: Riga Technical University Title: importance of Internationalization and Valorization in technical universities supported by Information systems Abstract: This article explores the importance of internationalization and valorization in technical Universities as one of core priorities for achieving international excellence and strengthening university ? industry collaboration. The World is becoming more interconnected and Higher Education institutions can no more act on their own ? they are motivated and even forced to become international. But an important topic for management of each University, especially technical, is to strengthen the collaboration with business in global environment. Valorization or creation of new products and services through innovation process is an important task for all technical Universities that want to maintain strong bond with the industry and capitalize on this process. This article is based on research conducted between technical Universities in Baltic States, where different processes in university internationalization and valorizations have been distinguished as main driving forces of institutional development. The conducted research shows that this task can be achieved by increased international research, student mobility, large scale jointly managed projects and other international activities. After internationalization and valorization processes have been analyzed, establishing the most critical key elements for fostering both of these processes, authors present an evaluation of Riga Technical University?s case as an example on how internal Information Systems provide the possibility for management to both implement strategic settings of the University and accelerate valorization within the University. This can be achieved trough correct strategy development based on key elements of valorization and internationalization, effective strategy implementation, monitoring and creating of appropriate incentive mechanism where IT support pay an important role. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 533-542 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=102&rid=6332 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606332 Classification-JEL: O32, I23, M15 Keywords: Internationalization, valorization, strategy, information system Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gloria Gheno Author-Name-First: Gloria Author-Name-Last: Gheno Author-Email: gloriagheno@libero.it Author-Workplace-Name: Ca'Foscari University of Venice and ECLT Title: Mediation in log-linear model Abstract: The analysis of the causality is important in many fields of research. I propose a causal theory to obtain the causal effects in a causal loglinear model. It calculates them using the odds ratio and the concepts proposed by Pearl's causal theory where it is possible. My analysis can be divided into 2 parts. In the first part the effects are calculated distinguishing between a simple mediation model with 1 mediator (model without the multiplicative interaction effect between exogenous variable and mediator) and a mediation model with 1 mediator and the multiplicative interaction effect between exogenous variable and mediator. In both models it is possible also to analyze the cell effect, which is a new interaction effect. Then in a causal loglinear model there are three interaction effects: multiplicative interaction effect, additive interaction effect and cell effect. In the second part the effects are calculated distinguishing between a mediation model with 2 parallel uncorrelated mediators and a mediation model with 2 parallel correlated mediators. In parallel mediation model with correlated influencing variables, Pearl?s theory cannot be used (Pearl, 2014) and and no alternative theory has been proposed. For this reason I propose a new causal concept with relatively formulas to calculate the causal effects in a mediation model with 2 parallel correlated mediators. These types of models are many important in marketing field: for example in customer satisfaction it is important to analyze a model where quality influences the positive and negative emotions and these 3 variables influence the future behavior. Then I show some applications of my causal theory to understand marketing problems. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2016-05 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 23rd International Academic Conference, Venice, May 2016, pages 543-554 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/23rd-international-academic-conference-venice/table-of-content/detail?cid=36&iid=103&rid=6137 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 3606137 Classification-JEL: C30, C39, M31 Keywords: customer satisfaction, direct effect, indirect effect, interaction, loglinear model, mediation model, parallel mediators, total effect Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:3606137