Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alexis Abodohoui Author-Name-First: Alexis Author-Name-Last: Abodohoui Author-Email: alexis.abodohoui.1@ulaval.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Laval University Author-Name: Marie-Helene Regniere Author-Name-First: Marie-Helene Author-Name-Last: Regniere Author-Email: mariehr1@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Laval University Author-Name: Zhan Su Author-Name-First: Zhan Author-Name-Last: Su Author-Email: zhan.su@fsa.ulaval.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Laval University Title: Chinese investments in Africa: what have we known and what should we know? Abstract: This study conducts a systematic review of the researches on Chinese investments in Africa, publishing in major journals of business administration and international business over these last 10 years. It studies the motivational factors for Chinese firm?s presence in Africa, the modes of entry of Chinese investment, the management issues, and their impacts on local economy and firms. It aims to provide an organizing framework for emerging theoretical and methodological issues, as well as future research direction in this field.Based on the international business theories, the findings of this study indicated that, to date, the majority of research has attempted to either qualitatively or conceptually criticize the cooperation between China and Africa, and there are very few studies that define model and develop measurement tools to empirically test the effects of the Chinese presence in the African continent and its impacts on local enterprises. Very few studies have provided robust evidence to establish the role that China is playing and the crowding-in or crowding-out effects of the Sino-Africa cooperation. This paper discusses about 5 major flaws in the existing literature and concludes with some emerging issues, the practical implications of this review, and future research directions. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 1-1 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=001&rid=6607 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006607 Classification-JEL: F20, F59, M16 Keywords: Chinese investments in Africa, existing researches, systematic review, major flaws, emerging issues, future research directions Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006607 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: beyza merve akgül Author-Name-First: beyza merve Author-Name-Last: akgül Author-Email: beyzakgulgazi@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: gazi university Author-Name: ali selman özdemir Author-Name-First: ali selman Author-Name-Last: özdemir Author-Email: selman_fb@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bülent Ecevit University Author-Name: suat karaküçük Author-Name-First: suat Author-Name-Last: karaküçük Author-Email: ksuat@gazi.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: gazi university Title: The Reflections of Smartphone Use and Recreational Use of Internet by High School Students to Leisure Boredom and Academic Achievement Abstract: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between, on the one hand, smartphone and recreational internet use, and on the other hand, students? academic success, life satisfaction and boredom in leisure time. The study sample contains 439 randomly selected high school students in Cankaya District, Ankara, Turkey. The questionnaire used to collect data is composed of five parts. These are the ?Personal Information Form?, ??Smartphone addiction scale?, ?Addiction Profile Index Internet Scan Form (BAPINT)?, ??leisure boredom scale?? and ??life satisfaction scale??. Frequency and percentage calculations, Pearson Correlations, multiple regression analysis and One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis .Consequently, it is observed that there is no meaningful difference between students? perceived academic success levels in terms of their smartphone use, F(4, 434)= 2.32, p>0.05. However, it is determined that there is a meaningful difference between students? perceived academic success levels with regard to their recreational internet use, F(4,434)=5.36, p<0.05. Scheffe test results reveal that students with ?bad? level of perceived academic success have higher recreational internet use than students with ?good? level of perceived academic success. It is observed that there is a positive, medium-level relationship (r=0.40, p<0.01) between high school students? smartphone use and their use of internet for recreational purposes. While it is also observed that there is a positive, medium-level relationship (r=0.39, p<0.01) between high school students? level of boredom in leisure time and their smartphone use; it is also found out that the relationship between students?? level of boredom and recreational internet use is positive but weak. While it is seen that there is a negative and weak relationship (r=-0.16, p<0.01) between students? life satisfaction levels and recreational internet use; it is also determined that relationship between students? life satisfaction levels and smartphone use is negative and weak in a similar fashion (r=-0.20, p<0.01). Students? recreational internet use, together with boredom in leisure time, shows a medium level and meaningful relationship with students? smartphone use, r =0.49, R2=0.24, p<0.01. These variables, together, account for 24% of the total variance in smartphone use. In conclusion, it can be stated that recreational use of internet affects students? academic success negatively. Besides, we can say that as level of boredom experienced by students in leisure time increases, so does addiction to smartphone and use of internet for recreation purposes. In turn, high level of smartphone and internet use negatively affects students? life satisfaction levels. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 2-2 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=002&rid=6011 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006011 Classification-JEL: Keywords: smartphone addiction, recreational use of internet, leisure boredom, academic achievement Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006011 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Deniz Alca Author-Name-First: Deniz Author-Name-Last: Alca Author-Email: denizalca@karabuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Karabuk University Title: Security of Oppressed at Men?s War Abstract: By the course of time to address human societies the term ?men? has been used so manhood became the decisive constituent of ?humanity?. Security issues of any given society were and always have been the major justification instrument for this approach. Beyond humanities attachment to masculinity, war and eo ipso peace are Men?s decision to make. So rationel of men becomes the only logical explanation of the public realm. This understanding of common good comprehends war, peace and their contents limited to states, armies, soldiers and land, then the rest is just collateral damage who are mostly women as the use of rape, murder and 'scorched earth' policies become conventional for current conflicts especially at North African region. But what if this collateral damage (not only at war but also at peace) is the main problematic issue for the humanitarian society?From this standing point, our study aims to criticize the main stream security approach from three angles. Firstly the gender blindness of traditional security approach will be criticized. Alternatively, gender consciousness or engendered security approach will be analyzed in a different perspective for peacebuilding process. Than secondly top-down comprehension of security and its implications will be compared with bottom-to-top understanding of security. Top-down comprehension of securities? peremptory tone and uncompromising nature?s disadvantages at a multi-dimensional conflict will be brought face to face by opportunities of bottom-to-top understanding of security for conflict resolution.Thirdly the perception of total security approach will be analyzed and perception of security of the oppressed will be discussed as a solution to the ongoing civil wars and conflicts by bringing a fresh look to the power politics.The desired output from this study is to unveil the illusional nature of traditional security approach and reveal the advantages of alternative approaches for peacebuilding process, conflict resolution and power politics. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 3-10 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=003&rid=6558 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006558 Classification-JEL: F51, F50, F53 Keywords: gender blind, gender consciousness, engendered security, Men?s War, traditional security, top-down sucurity, bottom-to-top security, conflict resolution, peace building, power politics. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006558 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: deniz alca Author-Name-First: deniz Author-Name-Last: alca Author-Email: denizalca@karabuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: karabuk university Title: ARAB SPRING-A PROXY WAR? Abstract: This paper will argue the concept of ?Arab Spring? which has been used as a tool for perception management to cover up a multi-dimensional Proxy War that is ongoing within the borders of Middle East.Being an allusion to 1848 revolutions, which is known as ?Spring of Nations?, Arab Spring is ought to be a grassroots movement. It is accepted as a breaking point for Arab Peninsula by western scholars, intellectuals and policy makers. However Liberte-Éqalite under the concept of democracy seems to be the subject matter of the process, the debate was rounding about establishment of legitimate governments immediately.Therefore, until the government of Syria?s unexpected resistance to so called social movements, Western countries insisted on the existence of the uprisings autonomous character in Middle East. After the challenge of Syria it became harder to claim autonomy or civility for the movements at the region. The direct intervention of western countries to the process made it even harder. In light of these developments building an intellectual argument on what is happening or expected in Middle East became more and more blurry. To clarify the process we propose a new point of view which suggests to rethink the Arab Spring starting from scratch. Can the so cold autonomous revolt against authoritarian regimes in Middle East be a proxy war which is sponsored by international actors?The Western Governments? publicly discussions of some vital issues which includes direct violations of a ?sovereign states? sovereignty rights such as weapon supplying to rebellions, can be considered as an indicator for such a hidden agenda. Likewise the refugee inflow to other countries can be a supporting indicator of this theory. The people who were so determined to take over the authoritarian regimes in their countries by revolution are now fleeing to Europe. What has changed and why those revolutionist are not holding the lines. Were they ever? This process is either a Global Civil War, which seems unlikely since nation states still exists and international law protects their existence, or more likely a Proxy War which makes it possible to fight war in a foreign country without any declaration. The ongoing Proxy War in Middle East is an example of post-modern warfare. The new wars will not seem to be fought by national armies. To ovoid the political and legal consequences of modern war, using proxies seems to be the future of new warfare. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 11-11 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=004&rid=6511 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006511 Classification-JEL: F51, F52 Keywords: proxy war, proxy-agent, conflict, Global Civil War, modern state, modern warfare, new wars, human rights, authonomy, Arab Spring Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006511 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Constantin-Marius Apostoaie Author-Name-First: Constantin-Marius Author-Name-Last: Apostoaie Author-Email: apostoaie_marius@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Integrated Center for Studies in Environmental Science for the Northeast Region, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Title: The determinants of pro-environmental concerns of political parties during electoral periods Abstract: The electoral process in a democratic country has a significant impact on its economy. Researchers even speak about the emergence of a new concept of "election-year economics" in economic policies, especially for countries with young democracies. Nevertheless, the implications of political factors in the electoral periods don?t resume to the economic aspects of the society; they make themselves noticed also on other non-economic issues such as: environmental protection, quality of life etc. If prior to the election period, the focus of the political parties and also of the general public is mainly on primary policies (including fiscal policies, budgetary or exchange rate policies), other secondary policies fade in the picture, among which we include the environmental policy. Nevertheless, during political campaigns prior to elections, some parties and their affiliated politicians may display a kind of pro-environmental behaviour only to convince some of the voters to cast them a ballot. If the specialized literature has looked well enough into the determinants of citizens? pro-environmental behavior, this is not the case of the drivers that push political parties towards adopting environmental attitudes. The lack of knowledge in this regard is even more pronounced when dealing with Eastern European countries that were, in many cases, excluded from the research (given the inconsistency in and lack of data). The methodological approach consists in a regression analysis between the political parties? tendencies towards environmental decisions and actions, on the one hand, and various economic, social and environmental conditions. Using the data provided by the Manifesto Project Dataset (CMP), the websites and platforms of the Romanian political parties and the input from interviews with politicians as well as ENGO specialists, covering the period 1990-2015, the paper investigates the ?greening? of Romanian political parties prior to national election periods and the determinant factors in this regard. The preliminary results suggest that political parties? environmental concern is strongly correlated with their political ideology, but also reveal some specific features that describe Romania?s young democratic system. The paper contributes to the existing literature by filling a gap related to the investigated subject (political parties? environmental policy offer) and to the geographical coverage. Acknowledgement: This work is financially supported through the UAIC Grant for Young Researchers competition of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Ia?i, Romania (Grant registration number: GI-2015-24). Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 12-12 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=005&rid=6272 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006272 Classification-JEL: Q58, D78, H79 Keywords: environment, environmental policy, political parties, electoral periods, electoral cycle, political ideology, political greening Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006272 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hasan AYDOGAN Author-Name-First: Hasan Author-Name-Last: AYDOGAN Author-Email: haydogan@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Technology Faculty, Author-Name: A. Engin OZCELIK Author-Name-First: A. Engin Author-Name-Last: OZCELIK Author-Email: eozcelik@slcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Technology Faculty, Author-Name: Mustafa ACAROGLU Author-Name-First: Mustafa Author-Name-Last: ACAROGLU Author-Email: acaroglu@slcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University, Technology Faculty, Title: Performance and Combustion Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fuelled by Camelina Sativa Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel Abstract: Using renewable alternative fuels in the diesel engines has been grown recently. The aim of the study was to experimentally investigate and compare the performance, combustion characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by different fuels, which included diesel, biodiesel, mixtures. All the tests were conducted using a four-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine at different engine load conditions. It was found that the optimum alternative fuel among all the tested fuels was the B50 fuel blend as its use increased the maximum engine thermal efficiency by 6.5% and decreased the lowest engine brake specific fuel consumption by 5% compared to the diesel fuel. The change of fuel type had no significant effect on the combustion start timing while the combustion duration increased with increasing the engine load. All the tested fuels did no negatively affect the engine stability. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 13-20 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=006&rid=6484 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006484 Classification-JEL: Q40, Q42 Keywords: Camelina sativa Biodiesel, Engine Performance, Combustion Characteristics Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006484 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Deniz Aytaç Author-Name-First: Deniz Author-Name-Last: Aytaç Author-Email: aytac.deniz@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hitit University Title: 'THE ENERGY TAXES THAT ARE USED AS PART OF THE PRICE COMPONENT IN TURKEY WOULD REALLY HELP TO THE PURPOSE OF DECREASING CARBON EMISSIONS? Abstract: With the purpose of internalization of the adverse externalities in struggling with the environmental pollution, the government excises several of taxes in different ratios for the varieties of energy. It has been determined in my study that the energy which is an effective source of income and suitable for Ramsey pricing due to its negative elasticity as a public income, has been in an increasing course due to the increase in implied taxes between 1998 and 2014 as well as increase in the price indices along with the policies applied and consequently it has not provide efficient results for the purpose of reduction of greenhouse gas. As a result, the important share of the energy taxes within the price structure yields positive results in terms of creating public revenues, however as far as the international trade is concerned; the implied energy taxes and hence high cost of energy can create a situation where it can hamper the competitiveness of Turkey. For the purpose of tackling target environmental pollution by reducing the carbon emissions, the current tax system with its consumption based structure would not serve to the purpose. Realization of this target may be possible by diversification of taxes and other political tools including emission taxes within the financial system. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 21-21 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=007&rid=6384 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006384 Classification-JEL: Q48, H20, H23 Keywords: Energy Prices, Implicit Tax Rates, Greenhouse Gas Emission Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Deborah Azaryad Shechter Author-Name-First: Deborah Author-Name-Last: Azaryad Shechter Author-Email: deborah.shechter@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Tel Aviv University Title: Why Course Layout Matters: A model For Beginners' Level Foreign Languages Abstract: In the Internet era, course books are being replaced by course sites thanks to Learning Management Systems such as Moodle. The availability of Web-based materials suitable for teaching foreign languages raises the important question of how these resources should be organized and used effectively for classroom instruction. Technology by itself does not constitute a methodology, and it is the teacher with a clear pedagogy who plays the most crucial role in creating a successful Web-based language curriculum (Blake, 2008). Course layout ? the way in which teaching materials are arranged and presented on the homepage ? reflects the underlying pedagogical objectives of the course. It is an integral part of curriculum design and as such, has implications for teaching. According to previous studies, poor instructional design can have a negative effect on the learning experience (Callopy& Arnold, 2009). Furthermore, research shows that learning on a digital platform is more successful when students accept the system and are willing to use it (Tsai, 2014). It is therefore worthwhile for teachers to invest in the layout of their course sites. This poster presents a pedagogically sound, user-friendly course layout for teaching beginners' level foreign languages on the Moodle platform. An integrated course layout consisting of monthly chronological units combined with thematic ones and displayed in the grid format of Moodle raises the students' motivation and enhances teaching and learning. Teachers are encouraged to take this model as a conceptual framework for further development according to their preferences and the needs of their students. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 22-22 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=008&rid=6368 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006368 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Course layout, Moodle, foreign language instruction Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ömer Bakan Author-Name-First: Ömer Author-Name-Last: Bakan Author-Email: obakan@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Faculty of Communication Title: Thoughts of Shopping Center Managers about Corporate Social Responsibility Abstract: Corporate social responsibility is one of the the main themes of public relations field. There are a lot of scientific studies about corporate social responsibility in public relations literature. Social responsibility can be considered as a very important concept also for corporations. Many companies are interested in corporate social responsibility because of various reasons. They can contribute their corporate image by conducting social responsibility activities. It is important to understand the views of the managers from private sector about corporate social responsibility. In this study interview method was used. Interviews were conducted with two shopping center managers from Konya in Turkey, and the data was analyzed. As a general result, it is determined that both of the managers of the shopping centers are sensitive about CSR activities. The managers attach big importance on the subject of CSR. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 23-33 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=009&rid=6235 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006235 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Public relations, corporate social responsibility, shopping center managers, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Khatuna Barbakadze Author-Name-First: Khatuna Author-Name-Last: Barbakadze Author-Email: Khatuna.barbakadze@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: About financial assurance of small and medium enterprises Abstract: Actuality. In Georgia small enterprises are developing relatively quickly in some sectors, large capital is accumulated in this field and less support is needed from government. Relatively small enterprises of industrial sectors of economic sectors still require special state innovative support to increase profit and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the industrial sectors of the economy mostly needs financial assistance from the state. We talk not about the financial support of all kind of small business, but about the small industrial enterprises who are creators of material wealth. Also, it should be taken in consideration priority and actuality of small enterprises development as for country?s economy as well as for society. Whereas, formation of middle class depends on small business development and by the size of middle class is determined how open is the national economy in conditions of globalization. The aim of the research. The aim of the research is to learn deficiencies associated with development of small and medium enterprises, particularly related to financial provision and ways of improvement. Research Methods. During the research, due to practical importance and complexity of the problem, it has been used systemic, historical and logical generalization methods. Also it has been used scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis methods. Conclusion. The findings and results from the survey will contribute to the development of industrial small enterprises and will raise work efficiency in Georgia, which will be not only the economic consequences for the country's economy, but will solve social problems, particularly, will contribute to middle class formation. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 34-40 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=010&rid=6474 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006474 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Small and medium enterprises. Innovative projects. Securities market. Banks and financial institutions. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006474 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Phil Bialobzyski Author-Name-First: Phil Author-Name-Last: Bialobzyski Author-Email: pbialobzyski@nwcc.bc.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Northwest Community College Title: A mathematical decaying wave illustration of qualitative mental states in depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Abstract: In the physical sciences the mathematical wave model is used to accurately describe various phenomenon including sound and light. Can the wave model be used to help describe and illustrate the qualitative aspects of mental states? In a visual qualitative approach a decaying wave model is used to describe and illustrate mental states associated with depression and PTSD.Wave phenomenon is mathematically described by the following equation.f(t) = ACos( ?t + ? )Where A is amplitude, ? is the angular frequency and ? is the phase shift. With an exponential decay factor and a vertical shift function the wave equation becomes the description for a vertically shifted decaying wave.f(t) = A exp( ??t )Cos( ?t + ? ) + C(t)where ? is the exponential decay factor and C(t) is a vertical shift function. Model discussion In the model, the positive vertical axis are increasing stressors and the negative vertical axis are increasing depressors, time is on the horizontal axis. It is postulated that each person oscillates in mental stressor depressor states around an equilibrium level identified at the stressor depressor axis. These equilibrium levels are determined by ambient environmental mental stress, peer group, physical environment and traumatic/ depressive event history. A stressful event can be illustrated as a decaying wave with initial amplitude far above the equilibrium level. The wavelength and ? of the decaying wave may be a function of early intervention and treatment. The wave may decay back to equilibrium or the equilibrium stress level can be vertically shifted, raised or lowered, depending upon the event. Vertical equilibrium level shifting and the application of wave properties such as constructive and destructive interference are graphically presented in the model. Stressor and depressor ?forces? are hypothesized to bring the individual back to their and their peer group?s equilibrium level. These ?forces? could take the form of therapeutic regimens and environment or peer group changes.Critical regions in stress and depression are postulated where stress or depression are beyond personal endurance. This model can be used as a clinical aid to help patients visualize their mental states involving PTSD and depression. Future studies could attempt to quantitate the period and ? exponential decay factor parameters from published studies as a function of intervention and treatment in PTSD and depression. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 41-41 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=011&rid=6549 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006549 Classification-JEL: Keywords: PTSD depression wave model clinical tool Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006549 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tor Brunzell Author-Name-First: Tor Author-Name-Last: Brunzell Author-Email: tb@sbs.su.se Author-Workplace-Name: Stockholm Businss school, Stockholm University Author-Name: Emmanouel Parasiris Author-Name-First: Emmanouel Author-Name-Last: Parasiris Author-Email: par@sbs.su.se Author-Workplace-Name: Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University Title: The Impact of Control Systems on Board?s Forecast Accuracy: Abstract: In this paper we study what impact the control systems has on the chairperson?s five year fore-casts accuracy on net sales growth as well as the control systems effect on the chairperson?s perception on the board work. The control systems we take into account in this study are: audit committee, employee representation on the board, and reports to the board. In order to pre-vent a repetition of the early 2000 accounting scandals, countries introduced and/or updated their legislations on the audit committee and internal audit shortly after. The study is based on 2007 data when it was non-mandatory employment of internal audit using a unique sample col-lected from the Nordic countries. The results of the study suggest the employment of the inter-nal audit function by internal auditors has a positive impact on both chairpersons? ability to forecast sales growth and perception of the work of the audit committee. However, we do not find the impact for companies that use external auditors to employ the internal audit function. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 42-42 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=012&rid=6439 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006439 Classification-JEL: G18, G38, K22 Keywords: Control systems, internal auditing, internal control, audit committee, corporate governance, forecast accuracy, board of directors. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006439 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Buco? Author-Name-First: Robert Author-Name-Last: Buco? Author-Email: r.bucon@pollub.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Lublin University of Technology Author-Name: Micha? Tomczak Author-Name-First: Micha? Author-Name-Last: Tomczak Author-Email: m.tomczak@pollub.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Lublin University of Technology Title: Multicriteria optimization of building renovation Abstract: The choice of the right technologies for the repair of a residential building is a difficult and complex decision-making problem, which requires from a manager extensive knowledge, skills and experience. Nowadays, due to the variety of available repair technologies and because of the need of taking into account the increasing number of requirements to fulfill for residential buildings, including technical, economic, functional, etc., the choice becomes more difficult. Bearing in mind also financial constraints, the choice of repair technology of a building deals with the implementation of two opposing objectives, ie. the building?s renovation providing an adequate ( assumed) level at the lowest possible performance cost. Searching for repair technology that enables optimal renovation of a building requires the application of appropriate computational tools. The authors proposed a method to support a manager in making renovation decisions. It will allow assessing repair technologies as well as their selection (for accepted assumptions regarding cost and building?s use value). It is based on such computational tools as, for exmple, multi-criteria decision support methods and linear programming. The proposed approach is an understandable and comprehensive tool that can be useful for managers at the maintenance stage of multi-family residential buildings. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 43-43 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=013&rid=6059 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006059 Classification-JEL: L74, C61, R31 Keywords: renovation, repair technology, maintenance, residential building, decision-making, multicriterial methods, linear programming Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006059 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Burcu Cabuk Author-Name-First: Burcu Author-Name-Last: Cabuk Author-Email: cabuk@education.ankara.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ankara University Title: TEACHER CANDIDATES? PERCEPTIONS ON A NEW TECHNIQUE: IN-CLASS DEBATE IN KINDERGARTEN Abstract: In-class debate has been used starting from the older grades of primary school and above educational levels but it is not common in younger students? classes. Research shows that in-class debate used in higher education levels has a positive effect on students? development. It gives students the opportunity of cooperative learning and peer tutoring. This way, in-class debates cultivate the active engagement of the participating students. When teachers use debates as a daily activity in their classes, they can easily observe the students? developmental levels in different areas and may plan activities for students who show low performance. Since it is an influential technique for both students and teachers when used in the older grades, it was thought that, after giving suitable education to kindergarteners, in-class debate can also be used in kindergarten level. The purpose of this qualitative study was to analyze teacher candidates? perceptions on this new technique used in preschools: in-class debate. Based on this purpose, for 4 weeks, the researcher worked with 12 teacher candidates who have been teaching in the classrooms of 60 to 72-month-old-children. Before the study, the researcher conducted a one-week workshop for these teacher candidates on how in-class debate can be used in kindergartens. After the workshop, the teacher candidates prepared their two-week plans where they added ?in-class debate games? in their daily activities. These plans were examined ahead by the researcher and conducted in the classes by the teacher candidates under the supervision of the researcher. For the last two week, the teacher candidates observed the children focusing on their cognitive, socio-emotional and language development. Finally, the teacher candidates were interviewed based on their comparisons of their observations of the children and what their perceptions about in-class debate technique used in kindergarten. The teacher candidates explained that in-class debates used as daily activities scaffold children?s development in different areas. They also mentioned that they learned how to involve children actively in their own learning and they overall evaluated the study as successful. According to findings of the study, suggestions were given to teachers and academicians who are working with teacher candidates. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 44-44 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=014&rid=6486 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006486 Classification-JEL: I23, I29 Keywords: In-class debate, kindergarten, teacher candidate Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ?smail CAKMAK Author-Name-First: ?smail Author-Name-Last: CAKMAK Author-Email: cakmakism@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University, Department of Economics, Ankara Title: 20. Century?s Economic Crises and Their Effects on Turkey?s Economy Abstract: Crises has evolved from one country?s or one region?s crisis to global systemic crisis which can affect the whole world because of the fact that overseas of the capital get easy anymore. In this context, the aim of this study examined economic crises which occur in 20. Century and analyzed their effects on Turkey?s economy. 1929 Great Depression Crisis and 1974 crises were global crises in essence whereas 1958, 1994 and 2000-2001 crises have been identified as Turkey-based crises. The reasons of these crises, Turkey?s interventions to get rid of crises and disruptions in country?s economy were analyzed in this study. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 45-45 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=015&rid=6611 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006611 Classification-JEL: G01, B22, E60 Keywords: Turkey, Economic Crises, Great Depression, 2001 Crisis, Petrol Crisis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006611 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: P?nar ÇEL?K Author-Name-First: P?nar Author-Name-Last: ÇEL?K Author-Email: pinarcelik@akdeniz.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Akdeniz University Author-Name: Murat ÇAYLAK Author-Name-First: Murat Author-Name-Last: ÇAYLAK Author-Email: mucaylak@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Akdeniz University Title: RESEARCH ON USAGE OF NEW MARKETING TOOL SOCIAL MEDIA IN HOTEL FIRMS: RIXOS HOTEL CHAIN Abstract: The more and more people tend to use the Internet and web tools because of the developing technology and Internet. One of the most important of these tools is social media, a new virtual media that users express themselves and connected with other users. This new media results in the new marketing approach that called as social media marketing and based on interactive participation of consumers. Social media content created by the user or firm has impact on the purchasing decisions of consumers. Therefore, the quantity of spoken and what is spoken about product/service in social media becomes important for firms as well as consumers. Since tourism sector offered the intangible services to consumer, in tourism sector it is important to have social media with quality of visual contents for traveler to have a positive impact before their trip. For that reason, the key objectives of the paper are to examine the application of hotel firms in Instagram that photo-based social media tool and to analyze whether is there any difference or not in photo preferences of a chain hotel operating in different regions. The official Instagram accounts and postings of International Chain Hotels Rixos Group between 20-30 April 2016 was examined by using visual content analysis technique. In this context, chi-square test was performed to reveal the relationship between posting numbers, follower number, followed user number, average number of like and average number of comment of hotels operating under Rixos Hotel Chain and operating in Turkey and abroad. There is a statistically significant difference between F&B and hotel services themed photos according to Mann-Whitney U test that performed to reveal the differences between posted photos? themes that posted by Rixos Hotels operating in Turkey and abroad. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 46-59 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=016&rid=6450 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006450 Classification-JEL: M00, M10, M19 Keywords: Hotel Firms, Visual Content Analysis, Social Media, Instagram Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006450 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nihan Çetin Demirel Author-Name-First: Nihan Author-Name-Last: Çetin Demirel Author-Email: nihan@yildiz.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Yildiz Technical University Author-Name: Muhammet Deveci Author-Name-First: Muhammet Author-Name-Last: Deveci Author-Email: mdeveci@yildiz.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Yildiz Technical University Author-Name: Gizem Eser Author-Name-First: Gizem Author-Name-Last: Eser Author-Email: nihan.cd@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Yildiz Technical University Title: Comparative analysis of fuzzy multi-criteria decision making for location selection of Textile plant in Turkey Abstract: Due to the increasing competition in the market, taking right decisions about the location selection for businesses is very important. The wrong choice of location for businesses may cause to large losses even bankruptcy. Textile sector is the first sector for which the location selection is quite important. The location selection of a textile factory is generally one of the most important decisions. The textile sector is considered the locomotive of domestic trade in Turkey. The purpose of this study is to describe the application of two Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM) methods named Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy VIKOR for solving location selection problem of textile factor, which is located in Istanbul European side and looked for second location in Turkey. We used twelve criteria for FMCDM, which are determined from literatures and practical investigations. The methods of fuzzy set theory, linguistic value, Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy VIKOR are used to consolidate decision-makers? assessments about criteria weightings. Besides a sensitivity analysis is carried out for the Fuzzy TOPSIS method. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 60-60 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=017&rid=6524 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006524 Classification-JEL: C00, M11 Keywords: Location selection, Multi criteria decision making, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Fuzzy VIKOR, Textile Factory. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006524 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ming-kei CHING Author-Name-First: Ming-kei Author-Name-Last: CHING Author-Email: chingmk@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: HKCC Title: Satisfaction of Low-Cost Carriers Abstract: This study investigates the satisfaction of the Low-Cost Carriers in Hong Kong and recommends their future development based on the analysis. Data was collected through surveys and in-depth interviews with LCC operators. Survey was carried out at the main entrances and exits of the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) to collect travelers? opinion about service quality and satisfaction on LCCs. The results show that users of LCCs have higher ratings than non-users of LCCs in HK. It is suggested that LCCs could further raise the satisfaction level by focusing on service provided and making use of loyalty programs and referral from users. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 61-61 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=018&rid=6466 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006466 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Service Quality, Satisfaction, Low-Cost Carriers Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006466 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Eka Chokheli Author-Name-First: Eka Author-Name-Last: Chokheli Author-Email: E_chokheli@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: The impact of the competitive strategy on the success of wine companies (The Case of Georgia) Abstract: In the global environment, the success of any company largely depends on how swiftly and fast a company can react to the external challenges. Wine industry is one of the priority branches in Georgia. The competition is very tough in this field and the market is almost totally saturated. Therefore, the wine companies have to do their utmost efforts to establish themselves on the local market and think of further growth. Successful are the companies permanently trying to create competitive advantage and develop relevant competitive strategies. The goal of the study is to estimate the importance of the strategy based on the competitive advantage for the companies, to study the degree of using such competitive strategies by wine companies in Georgia and to develop relevant recommendations. The theoretical study is based on the works in management by the world scientists, while the practical study is based on the qualitative study of the business companies of Georgia. The study used questionnaires and interviews, as well as graphical, grouping and comparison methods.The results of the study will reveal the problems of using competitive strategies at wine companies operating in Georgia and will help them to focus on the strategies based on competitive advantage. The novelty of the study lies in the identification of trends of using the competitive strategies in wine industry and development of the recommendations to improve the degree of using them. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 62-67 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=019&rid=6536 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006536 Classification-JEL: M19 Keywords: Competitive advantage, Strategy, Wine industry Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006536 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Bovin Ladi Jocelin Author-Name-First: Bovin Author-Name-Last: Ladi Jocelin Author-Email: kiko_lk@yahoo.fr Author-Workplace-Name: Damlin College Author-Name: Hugues Awiki Afandakondji Author-Name-First: Hugues Author-Name-Last: Awiki Afandakondji Author-Email: kiko_lk@yahoo.fr Author-Workplace-Name: Ets Bomgo Business Title: Business & Economics Abstract: n/a Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 68-74 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=020&rid=6624 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006624 Classification-JEL: O19, R58, R50 Keywords: n/a Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006624 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Eka Chokheli Author-Name-First: Eka Author-Name-Last: Chokheli Author-Email: e_chokheli@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: Nugzar Paichadze Author-Name-First: Nugzar Author-Name-Last: Paichadze Author-Email: Nugzar.paichadze@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: Giuli Keshelashvili Author-Name-First: Giuli Author-Name-Last: Keshelashvili Author-Email: Giuli.Keshelashvili@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: Manana Kharkheli Author-Name-First: Manana Author-Name-Last: Kharkheli Author-Email: Manana.kharkheli@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: Shorena Tielidze Author-Name-First: Shorena Author-Name-Last: Tielidze Author-Email: Sh.tielidze@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: Giorgi Tchuradze Author-Name-First: Giorgi Author-Name-Last: Tchuradze Author-Email: giotchuradze@mail.ru Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: Issues of Improvement of HR Management in Public Sector of Georgia Abstract: Work deals with the issues of public sector reformation and development of the effective public administration system. Georgia has implemented numerous reforms in this area, including: internal institutional changes ? reduction of the government administration and public sector staff, for the purpose of improvement of effectiveness and flexibility, formation of the new organizational system and restructuring of the executive departments, reassessment of the public sector functions for improvement of services provided to the citizens, implementation of public-private projects. Certain steps were made for formation of the competitive public service, implying qualification tests for the public servants, adoption of the new organizational policies of promotion and motivation.The work demonstrates that after parliamentary elections of 2012, orientation of reforms in Georgia have changed to certain extent and the issue of necessity of development of the new public service conception was put on agenda and non-governmental sector, academic circles and international organizations took part in this. Currently, the process of reformation has not completed yet and numerous problems still persist in the public sector. They must be analyzed and solved for successful implementation of the reformation process formation of the effective state institutes.Performed researches showed that general qualification level of Georgian public sector employees is mostly incompliant with the qualification requirements, staffing and HR management departments cannot ensure adequate management of public servants and their function is mostly limited to contracts with the staff members. Regarding domestic and foreign experience of work with the personnel, with due regard of socioeconomic factors and Georgian mentality, there were determined such approaches to personnel management that would be suitable to current socioeconomic development in Georgia and help the managers to make their HR management work more effective. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 75-82 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=021&rid=6630 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006630 Classification-JEL: J24, M19 Keywords: human resources, public sector, qualification level, socioeconomic development, efficient state institutes. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006630 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: R.G. CHOUKSEY Author-Name-First: R.G. Author-Name-Last: CHOUKSEY Author-Email: ndubey@nitttrbpl.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL TEACHERS' TRAINING AND RESEARCH, BHOPAL Author-Name: NISHITH DUBEY Author-Name-First: NISHITH Author-Name-Last: DUBEY Author-Email: rgchouksey@nitttrbpl.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL TEACHERS' TRAINING AND RESEARCH, BHOPAL Title: SKILL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN INDIA Abstract: By the next decade India would be the youngest country of the world. All countries then would look towards India for supporting their aging population and economy. It is imperative for India that by then youths of India should sufficiently develop themselves in not only taking care of their country but be prepared for the whole world. In India the Vocational Education is being implemented under Human Resource Development, and Vocational Training is being implemented under Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship to provide skilled manpower in different vocations. For driving any economy competent manpower is a prime success factor. India needs large base of skilled and competent manpower to become superpower and developed nation. India has underscored the essential need of preparing skilled human resource through skill development programme, for enhancing the productivity of the youth and for a sustained and faster growth of economy. India needs many changes in Vocational Education and Training to be at par with the developed nations of the world. Thus it calls for urgent initiatives to be under taken, to fulfil the skill deficit and mismatch in quantity and quality. This paper discusses the initiatives undertaken for quality assurance in Vocational Education and Training (VET). It identified the need for Industry Institute collaboration for identification of manpower requirement, sector-wise skill profile, identification of courses, and development of modular competency based curricula and learning material, competency based training, assessment and joint certification. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 83-93 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=022&rid=6408 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006408 Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: Technical Vocational Education and Training System , Skill Education, competent manpower, Qualification Framework. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Olga Christopoulou Author-Name-First: Olga Author-Name-Last: Christopoulou Author-Email: ochris@prd.uth.gr Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly Author-Name: Athanassios Sfougaris Author-Name-First: Athanassios Author-Name-Last: Sfougaris Author-Email: asfoug@agr.uth.gr Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly Title: VIEWS AND ATTITUDES OF FARMERS/LIVESTOCK BREEDERS AND LOCAL COMMUNITY CONCERNING CONSERVATION OF THE LESSER KE Abstract: The Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List and the Red Data Book of Greece and listed in Annex I of the EU Wild Birds Directive. The species is a migratory small falcon wintering in Africa, south of Sahara and breeding from south Europe, through Balkans and Turkey, to central Asia. It breeds colonially in buildings inside the villages and feeds on insects (mainly large Orthoptera) in farmland, grasslands, meadows and fallow land. The main part of its population in Greece breeds in the villages of Thessaly plain. It interacts with inhabitants in the nesting sites and farmers and livestock breeders in farms and grasslands/meadows, receiving the effects of applied farming practices. Species ecology depends on the activities of the local population, so their actions and opinions are critical to its conservation and survival. Purpose of the study was to investigate the awareness and attitudes of farmers, livestock breeders and local people regarding practices affecting the conservation of the species. The study took place in villages hosting the most numerous colonies of the species. A number of 250 farmers, livestock breeders and local people were interviewed through a questionnaire structured on 25 questions, 5 of which were asking personal information, while the rest 20 the following data: a) awareness about the species protection status, b) adoption of particular rules on agricultural and livestock practices set by the Life Project concerning the Lesser Kestrel, c) voluntary contribution to conservation activities for the species. Out of 250 questionnaires distributed, 210 were valid. The general conclusion was that the majority of the people interviewed was aware of the species breeding and feeding needs and has a positive attitude to the presence of the species in their farms and buildings. Moreover, they are willing to apply practices that contribute to securing further favourable conditions for the species. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 94-94 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=023&rid=6619 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006619 Classification-JEL: Q19 Keywords: Lesser kestrel, farmers, views, attitudes Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006619 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yasin Ç?LHOROZ Author-Name-First: Yasin Author-Name-Last: Ç?LHOROZ Author-Email: yasin.cilhoroz@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Cuma SON?UR Author-Name-First: Cuma Author-Name-Last: SON?UR Author-Email: cuma.songur@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Mehmet GÖZLÜ Author-Name-First: Mehmet Author-Name-Last: GÖZLÜ Author-Email: mgozlu04@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Murat KONCA Author-Name-First: Murat Author-Name-Last: KONCA Author-Email: konca71@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Title: Mergers And Acquisit?ons In Pharmaceutical Industry As A Growth Strategy: An Investigation Upon Practice Abstract: Until the begining of 1990s, firms had been looking ways to attain the competitive advantage and increase their profitabilites depending on it by realizing economies of scale or benefiting from market failure. Nowadays, with the impact of globalization, particularly great companies have started to purchase other firms or merge with them as a growth strategy. Pharmaceutical industry has the first place where the mergers and acquisitions occur mostly. Among the drives that leads pharmaceutical firms to mergers or acquisitions; high costs of research and development, economies of scale, motivation for new markets, efforts to improve the existing marketing possibilities, trying to keep up with competition can be counted. The aim of this study is to discuss mergers and acqusisitions in pharmaceutical sector and to evaluate global pharmaceutical industry in this terms. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 95-106 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=024&rid=6562 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006562 Classification-JEL: F23, G34, L65 Keywords: Merger, Acquisition, Growth Strategy, Pharmaceutical Industry Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006562 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sonja Cindori Author-Name-First: Sonja Author-Name-Last: Cindori Author-Email: sonjacindori@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb Title: EXCISE DUTY CHANGES IN CROATIA AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE HEALTH POLICY Abstract: The harmonization of Croatian excise system with the acquis communautaire has resulted in a number of consequences in fiscal and non-fiscal nature, with an emphasis on social and health component. Especially is highlighted the correlation between the increase of excise duties (ad valorem and specific duties) and tax evasion, wherefore the effect on revenue side of the state budget is negligible. Compensation for decreased demand for traditional manufactured tobacco is directed on consumption of their substitutes, whose health components are in question and their tax treatment is still dubious.Frequent use of substitute tobacco products like e-cigarettes cannot be considered as desired effect of preventive health policy, because the degree of their harmfulness is still the subject of research, and the consequences of their use will be visible over a long time. One of the biggest threats and challenges of health care policy stems from the alarming statistics which show increasing consumption of tobacco products among young people, which has an impact not only on their health and relationship to their own body, but also the awareness of the harmful effects on the passive smokers as well as the environment. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 107-107 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=025&rid=6188 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006188 Classification-JEL: Keywords: tax, excise, health, budget, tax evasion Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006188 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Zsolt Csáfordi Author-Name-First: Zsolt Author-Name-Last: Csáfordi Author-Email: chafinho@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERS, Institute of Economics Author-Name: László L?rincz Author-Name-First: László Author-Name-Last: L?rincz Author-Email: lorincz.laszlo@krtk.mta.hu Author-Workplace-Name: Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERS, Institute of Economics Author-Name: Balázs Lengyel Author-Name-First: Balázs Author-Name-Last: Lengyel Author-Email: lengyel.balazs@krtk.mta.hu Author-Workplace-Name: Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERS, Institute of Economics Author-Name: Károly Miklós Kiss Author-Name-First: Károly Miklós Author-Name-Last: Kiss Author-Email: kiss.karoly.miklos@krtk.mta.hu Author-Workplace-Name: Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERS, Institute of Economics Title: The effect of labor flows, ownership and skill-relatedness on firm productivity Abstract: Labor flows are major source of knowledge spillover between companies, in which the characteristics of the companies play an important role. Previous research found the more productive the sending firm is he bigger effect of labor flows on the productivity of the receiving firm. Another literature claims that domestic firms benefit from labor flows from multinational enterprises (MNE). We test these arguments by analyzing an anonymized employer-employee linked panel database from Hungary for the 2003-2011 period and also look at the similarity of necessary skills in the sending and receiving firm because industry-specific skills of employee?s matter in organizational learning and therefore in productivity growth. We construct the skill-relatedness network of industries based on inter-industry labor mobility and distinguish related and non-related labor inflows by comparing the observed level of mobility to an expected level of mobility. Our results suggest that labor flows from more productive firms increases the effect of labor flows significantly. Domestic companies obtain productivity gains from labor inflows coming from MNEs; however, inflows from MNEs have the greatest positive effect if the receiving firm is also a MNE. The effect of flows from skill-related industries, and particularly from the same industry outperform the effect of flows from unrelated industries, however, these effects are mitigated by the relative productivity effect. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 108-108 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=026&rid=6263 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006263 Classification-JEL: D22, J24, J60 Keywords: skill-relatedness network, firm productivity, knowledge spillover, labor mobility, productivity gap, firm ownership Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006263 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ÖZCAN DA?DEM?R Author-Name-First: ÖZCAN Author-Name-Last: DA?DEM?R Author-Email: dagdemir@ogu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: ESK??EH?R OSMANGAZ? UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS Title: A NEW STRATEGY WITHIN THE INDUSTRIALIZATION OF TURKEY: COLLABORATION OF EXPORT-LED INDUSTRIALIZATION WITH IMPO Abstract: Turkey had not have a sufficient industry in order to meet domestic demand when the Republic was established in 1923. Industrialization of Turkey has begun with a liberal approach. After the Great Depression, statism influenced the industrialization policy of Turkey. Two import-substitution industrialization plans adopted in 1933 and 1938. Nevertheless, the second plan could not have been implemented effectively because of the II. World War. Baker Report in 1950?s advised Turkey to industrialize in sectors in which she has a comparative advantage. Although outward-oriented growth and export-led industrialization policy had gained importance in 1950s, they could not have sustained properly because of the foreign currency deficit. Turkey began to implement import-substitution industrialization strategy in 1960s. She experienced a structural transformation within her manufacturing industry together with the start of intermediate goods production. Depending upon neo-liberal policies, Turkey embraced export-led industrialization strategy in 1980s. Along with the export-led industrialization strategy, low exchange rate and low real wage policies increased the competitiveness of the Turkish industry. Customs Union with the European Union and membership duties of the World Trade Organization affected the industrialization policy of Turkey in 1990s. As a consequence, Turkish industry sector has been integrated with the global economy. Global competition began to affect the Turkish industry sector in 2000s. The ratio of the imported raw materials and intermediate goods used in the industry sector have increased. Along with the increased competitiveness of the sector, the volume of exports has also inclined. Despite the incline within the volume of exports, external trade deficit has also increased due to the increase in the imports of the intermediate goods. The Turkish industry sector has entered into 2000s with such structural problems. Apparently, Turkey has to adjust her export-led industrialization strategy once again upon the changing circumstances. In Turkish academia, a new export-led industrialization strategy which is supported by import-substitution has been considered as an adequate industrialization policy for the 2010s. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the new industrialization strategy in Turkey referring to a collaboration of export-led industrialization with import substitution. At the first part of the paper, industrialization strategies of Turkey have been examined. At the second part, structural problems of the Turkish industry sector are determined. At the final part, policies which support the new industrialization strategy are discussed. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 109-110 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=027&rid=6396 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006396 Classification-JEL: F43, L50, L16 Keywords: Economic Development, Industrial Policy, Turkish Economy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006396 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Asl? Daldal Author-Name-First: Asl? Author-Name-Last: Daldal Author-Email: asli.daldal@boun.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Yld?z Technical University-Dept of Political Science Title: Two Oriental Images of Istanbul: Robbe-Grillet?s \ Abstract: This paper aims at comparing Alain Robbe-Grillet?s L?Immortelle (1963) and Metin Erksan?s Time To Love (1966) in terms of their reflection of Istanbul that occupies a central place within the plots of both films. While the image they develop for the city is basically an ?Oriental image? that excludes the documentary, realistic aspects, their orientalism diverge greatly. Erksan wishes to retreat from the Westernized modern life of Istanbul and thus sublimates old Eastern philosophical traditions to find some Platonic ?truthfulness? within the old imperial city (Dersaadet). Grillet, on the other hand, in search for the immortal passion and exoticism, recreates the Oriental ?myth? of Istanbul within a modernist guise. The parallel depiction of female heroines and urban space in both films also reflect the ?self-reflexive? relation between the ?male gaze? and the reconstruction of the orientalist discourse through female subjectivity. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 111-111 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=028&rid=6352 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006352 Classification-JEL: O57, Y90 Keywords: Cinema Studies, Istanbul Studies, Orientalism, Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006352 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tufan Demirel Author-Name-First: Tufan Author-Name-Last: Demirel Author-Email: tdemirel@yildiz.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Yildiz Technical University Author-Name: Serhat Tüzün Author-Name-First: Serhat Author-Name-Last: Tüzün Author-Email: serhat.tuzun@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Yildiz Technical University Title: Determining the Suitability of Alternative Locations for Syrian Refugee Camps in Turkey using Extended VIKOR Abstract: As the conflict in Syria deepens, the number of displaced Syrians crossing the border into Turkey has dramatically risen. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), there are 2,748,367 registered Syrian refugees in Turkey as of May 2016. On the other hand, the population of Syrian refugees in camps is estimated to be around 217,000 people, due to the lack of capacity. The demand for camps has surpassed the available spaces in the camps.On 22 October 2014, the Government of Turkey issued a regulation on protection, defining a status that refugees from Syria seeking international protection are admitted to Turkey and will not be sent back to Syria against his or her will. In addition, on 18 March 2016, EU and Turkey agreed to end the irregular migration from Turkey to the EU and replace it instead with legal channels of resettlement of refugees to the European Union. These two conditions lead to an urgent necessity to organize the situation of Syrian refugees in Turkey, who cannot be seen as temporary. For the settlement of Syrian refugees to Turkey, an adaptation process is necessary. Due to the lack of capacity and poor conditions in the current camps, new camps must be built. The aim of the present study is to analyze the alternative locations for building new refugee camps in Turkey, regarding the affecting factors, through Extended VIKOR.The problem is considered as a multi-criteria decision making problem. The factors affecting the suitability for new camps; mainly grouped as political, economic, demographic, and sociocultural; are taken into account as the main criteria. Alternatives are selected among a set of different locations that are already considered by the Turkish government and the UNHCR.The model developed uses experts? views to quantify the effects of the factors for each location with the aid of fuzzy approach. The problem is then solved using Extended VIKOR and the locations for new Syrian Refugee Camps in Turkey are evaluated. Afterwards, a sensitivity analysis is applied to analyze system?s behavior to changes. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 112-112 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=029&rid=6544 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006544 Classification-JEL: C00, C54, F22 Keywords: Syrian Civil War, International Migration, Refugee Camps, Extended VIKOR, Multi-Criteria Decision Making. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006544 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Julieta Echeverri Del Sarto Author-Name-First: Julieta Author-Name-Last: Echeverri Del Sarto Author-Email: julieta.ech@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: PROBIEN (CONICET-UNCo); School of Engineering, UNCo Author-Name: María Celeste Gallia Author-Name-First: María Celeste Author-Name-Last: Gallia Author-Email: celestegallia@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: PROBIEN (CONICET-UNCo); School of Dentistry, UNRN Author-Name: Ana Ferrari Author-Name-First: Ana Author-Name-Last: Ferrari Author-Email: ana.ferrari@probien.gob.ar Author-Workplace-Name: PROBIEN (CONICET-UNCo); School of Medicine, UNCo Author-Name: GUILLERMINA A. BONGIOVANNI Author-Name-First: GUILLERMINA A. Author-Name-Last: BONGIOVANNI Author-Email: guillermina.bongiovanni@probien.gob.ar Author-Workplace-Name: PROBIEN (Institute of Research and Development in Process Engineering, Biotechnology and Alternative Energies (CONICET-CCT Northern Patagonia-UNCo); School of Agriculture. National University of Comahue (UNCo) Title: Tissue plant culture as a novel industrial strategy to produce biopharmaceuticals from endangered plants Abstract: Global natural antioxidants market is anticipated to grow on account of its increasing demand in food & beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and animal feed. In this regard, we found high content of flavonoids and antioxidant activity (including antioxidant oligoelements) in the seeds of Araucaria araucana (pińones). However, bulk production of these antioxidants is ecologically non-viable since A. araucana is assessed as endangered species with increased extinction risk based in part by an extensive human harvesting of edible pińones. In this context, plant cell culture represents a useful production alternative to direct extraction of valuable secondary metabolites because: (a) a stable and uniform year-round supply of seed tissues or cells is guaranteed since biomass can be continuously produced in vitro, independent of seasonal variations, (b) selected compounds can be produced under controlled conditions, and moreover, (c) industrial production can be achieved while preserving the species. On the other hand, healthy plants can be easy obtained by micropropagation and then, the new plants can be acclimated to replant degraded areas of logged forest. At present, tissue and cell cultures from leaves and seeds, as well as plants, had been obtained in vitro from A. araucana and other native species. Furthermore, data of optimum conditions for in vitro production of antioxidants are being collected. The aim of these experiments is determine the varieties more adequate for the sustainable bio-based production of natural antioxidants by eco-efficient bio-processes and renewable bioresources. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 113-121 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=030&rid=6503 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006503 Classification-JEL: O31, Q55, Q57 Keywords: Biotechnology, Sustainability, Conservation, Bioindustry, Bioeconomy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006503 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jim Fischer Author-Name-First: Jim Author-Name-Last: Fischer Author-Email: jfischer@mtroyal.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Mount Royal University Title: The effects of replacing income tax with consumption tax on the state and the individual: a Canadian example Abstract: Consumption tax has been lauded as an alternative to income tax, in that it promotes savings and investment, and enables increased consumption over time. Despite these claims, no state has opted to replace income tax with consumption tax as the prime source of revenue. It is proposed that when consumption tax replaces income tax as the means of financing the state, investment increases, individuals are able to consume more over a lifetime, and levels of government revenue can be maintained. This study compares an average Canadian taxpayer in Canada?s current hybrid tax regime with a taxpayer in a hypothetical consumption tax regime. The rate of consumption tax is calculated to provide the equivalent amount of revenue the Canadian government currently receives. Comparisons are made between the two regimes in three scenarios to reflect different taxpayer behavior: holding investment steady, holding consumption steady, and maximizing the use of current tax shelters. The study concludes that in any scenario, individuals are able to enjoy more total consumption and purchasing power over time, adjusted for inflation, when a consumption tax substitutes for income tax. On the other hand, government revenue received from the average taxpayer in some scenarios is less when consumption tax replaces income tax, and is more in others. Government revenue was more when comparisons were made between taxpayers in the income tax regime who made use of current tax shelters, and those in the consumption tax regime who maximized their investment. This is the ideal behavior one would expect of taxpayers who are left with more disposable income. Opportunities for further study are suggested. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 122-130 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=031&rid=6520 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006520 Classification-JEL: H27, E21, D31 Keywords: consumption tax, income tax, government revenue, tax policy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006520 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: YU-JING GAO Author-Name-First: YU-JING Author-Name-Last: GAO Author-Email: yujinggao0605@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Psychology, Fu Jen Catholic University Title: Trajectories of Positive Ageing in Taiwan Abstract: The elderly population in Taiwan increases rapidly. In this study, a dynamic and positive ageing perspective was adopted to explore Taiwanese ageing processes from 1989 to 2015. First, the patterns of positive aging development among mid- and old age was identified by using latent class growth analysis. Life satisfaction as a criterion, the discriminant ability of different patterns of positive ageing and the explanation of differences in gender, educational level and economic status on the probability of belonging to particular positive ageing classes were examined further. Finally, the amount of intraindividual variability in life satisfaction and the role of interindividual differences in classes of positive ageing change in within-person contingencies among life satisfaction, emotional social support and transcendental time perspective were identified. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 131-131 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=032&rid=5934 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4005934 Classification-JEL: I31 Keywords: Positive Aging, transcendental time perspective, intraindividual variability Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4005934 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Snezhana Gocheva-Ilieva Author-Name-First: Snezhana Author-Name-Last: Gocheva-Ilieva Author-Email: snegocheva@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Plovdiv University Author-Name: Iliycho Iliev Author-Name-First: Iliycho Author-Name-Last: Iliev Author-Email: iliev55@abv.bg Author-Workplace-Name: Technical University of Sofia, branch Plovdiv Title: Using Generalized PathSeeker Regularized Regression for Modeling and Prediction of Output Power of CuBr Laser Abstract: A Generalized PathSeeker Regularized Regression (GPSRR), based on data mining approach, is applied for statistical modeling and prediction of output power of copper bromide vapor lasers. The aim is on the basis of available experimental data to construct appropriate predictive models of the output power of the lasers depending on 10 operating laser characteristics in order to direct future experiments and designing new laser devices with increased output power. In particular, the influence on model performance and predictive ability of several data transformations, used to improve the normality of the distribution of the dependent variable is investigated. As a main result, numerous combined models, built by GPSRR with data mining techniques are obtained and their adequacy is established by cross-validation. It is found that the best combined models demonstrate up to 98-99% of fitting the experimental data. The combined models with the proposed preliminary transformations improve the adequacy and predictive ability of GPSRR in the region of high values of the output power by up to 10%. This was established both for learn and test random samples, showing a perfect out-of-sample performance of this type of model approach. The models are applied for predicting of laser output power for new laser devices of the same type by up to 15%. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 132-145 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=033&rid=6523 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006523 Classification-JEL: C15 Keywords: Regularized regression, Generalized PathSeeker, LASSO, TreeNet (Stochastic Gradient Boosting), Copper bromide vapor laser Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006523 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmet Gökçe Author-Name-First: Ahmet Author-Name-Last: Gökçe Author-Email: ahmet.gokce.12@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Uludag University Title: ITUC ?GLOBAL POLL 2014? REPORT AND SAMPLE OF TURKEY Abstract: In these days that in financial difficulty on woordwide, developed and developing countries are affeted adversely from this situation. Due to these issues economical structures of these countries are damaged and changes occur in the governments market policies.Inside the ?ITUC Global Poll 2014? report which is prepared by International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) within 14 countries, the social and economical issues of both developed and developing countries are researched in Turkey?s point of view. The results will be considered and a benchmark will take place with other countries which are attended to the poll.Even though there are a lot more subjects to consider, minimum wage, current economic situation, work stability, unemployment and goverment policies due to the unemployment are discussed in this research. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 146-146 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=034&rid=6377 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006377 Classification-JEL: A13 Keywords: Social-Economic Situation, International Trade Union Confederation, Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006377 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Gudelj Author-Name-First: Ana Author-Name-Last: Gudelj Author-Email: ana.gudelj@croatia.rit.edu Author-Workplace-Name: RIT Croatia Title: Revelation Abstract: This paper deals with violence, ritual and fight for survival presented in Mel Gipson?s movie Apocalypto.The main point is to present and explain the connection between these three elements presented in this movie in a specific way. Namely, the apocalyptic way of thinking has influenced the presentation of history and important historical, cultural and social changes, and it has been an important aspect in Gipson?s religious orientation. As a traditionalist Catholic, Gipson is revealing the way in which physical and spiritual salvation can be attained. In particular, he is bringing to attention the paradox of human responsibility and freedom and God?s sovereignty. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 147-147 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=035&rid=6575 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006575 Classification-JEL: Keywords: violence, ritual, fight for survival, apocalyptic way of thinking, physical and spiritual salvation, revelation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006575 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dai Hongxia Author-Name-First: Dai Author-Name-Last: Hongxia Author-Email: hxdai@ipm.edu.mo Author-Workplace-Name: Macao Polytechnic Institute, School of Health Sciences Title: Applying comprehensive nursing intervention to improve mother?s confidence and breastfeeding rate in China Abstract: Objective: To explore mother?s breastfeeding confidence and infant feeding methods after applying comprehensive nursing intervention among postpartum women in China.Methods: The study was a prospective clinical experimental research. Using cluster sampling method, the control group (n=331) received general care with verbal education. The treatment group (n=329) received ?comprehensive nursing intervention of exclusive breastfeeding?, include a practical handbook on breastfeeding, instruction of breastfeeding skills through face-to-face at bed-side in hospital. They completed questionnaires and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES) before discharge. The Chinese version of BSES include 32 items, to evaluate mother?s breastfeeding confidence. The score range from 32 to 160, high score represent high breastfeeding confidence. The scale?s Cronbach?? was 0.93. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 17.0 (SPSS 17.0) was used. Results: Before discharge, the mean scores of BSES in the treatment group were 122.1ą17.02, which was higher than that of the control group (113.07ą18.99), p<0.001. The exclusive breastfeeding rates of the treatment group ( 31.5%,) were higher than the control group respectively (20.9%), p values was 0.034. Conclusions: The ?comprehensive nursing intervention? improved mother?s breastfeeding confidence and increased exclusive breastfeeding rates in hospital in China. Comprehensive nursing intervention promoted mother's breastfeeding behavior. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 148-148 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=036&rid=6375 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006375 Classification-JEL: I00, I10 Keywords: Breastfeeding;Confidence;Nursing intervention;Breastfeeding rates;China; Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006375 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Krzysztof Hryszko Author-Name-First: Krzysztof Author-Name-Last: Hryszko Author-Email: hryszko@ierigz.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics - National Research Institute Title: Economic Impact of ban on GMOs in animal feed in Poland Abstract: In Poland, there is a limited range of produced protein feed which could constitute a valuable component for the production of animal feed. Rapeseed meal is of key importance. Its annual production amounts to 1.4-1.5 million tonnes. Also the importance of high-protein plants (legumes) has been increasing while their production, despite the additional financial aid, is still relatively low and does not exceed 350 thousand tonnes. The supply from domestic production covers the increasing demand for high-protein components only partially (24-28%). The occurring deficiencies are covered by supplies obtained from import, which in the 2014/2015 season reached 3.29 million tonnes, including 2.08 million tonnes of soybean meal. In a large majority (95-98%) this is GM soybean meal obtained chiefly from South America and the US. The share of imported raw materials in the structure of their consumption is 72-76%, including soybean meal amounting to approximately 56%. The share of fodder legumes in the structure of high-protein feed consumption does not exceed 8-9%, and in the protein equivalent it is even lower. The possible prohibition of using GMO feed applied by the authorities would be evidently negative since it would generate an increase in the costs of production and a reduction of farming income in important branches of agricultural production. It can also be the cause for a critical situation in the poultry industry, resulting in a decrease of production and export of poultry livestock as well as bankruptcy of some farms. In terms of the production of pork livestock, the prohibition of using GMO feed would deteriorate the already low profitability and effectiveness of production in Poland, which at this point is insufficiently competitive. This prohibition would contribute to worsening competition in the feed industry as well as the important branches of agricultural production. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 149-149 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=037&rid=6618 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006618 Classification-JEL: Keywords: animal feed, GMO, protein feed, high-protein plants Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006618 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Shihping Kevin Huang Author-Name-First: Shihping Kevin Author-Name-Last: Huang Author-Email: ksph@nctu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chiao Tung University Author-Name: Lopin Kuo Author-Name-First: Lopin Author-Name-Last: Kuo Author-Email: lopinkuo@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Tamkang University Author-Name: Kuei-Lan Chou Author-Name-First: Kuei-Lan Author-Name-Last: Chou Author-Email: Kelly@itri.org.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chiao Tung University Title: Constructing Taiwan?s motorcycle diffusion model against government subsidy Abstract: Government plays an important role in promoting green consumption. However, insofar, most studies are qualitative based. The novelty of this research is to provide quantitative evidence to support the existing literature. We try to examine the connection between government policy initiatives and green consumption in Taiwan. We choose motorcycle industry as the basis of our analysis. Motorcycle is a major green-house gas emission contributor in Taiwan. Consequently, we explore factors associated with the diffusion of electric motorcycle and attempt to forecast the diffusion in Taiwan. The results show that small electric motorcycles are likely to gain a competitive advantage in Taiwan?s market after 2018. Government should gradually reduce its subsidy as the market become mature. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 150-150 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=038&rid=6298 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006298 Classification-JEL: D12 Keywords: government subsidy, greenhouse gas emission, Taiwan Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006298 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: DÖNDÜ ?LKAYA Author-Name-First: DÖNDÜ Author-Name-Last: ?LKAYA Author-Email: dilkaya@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UNIVERS?TY Author-Name: YA?AR AY?EGÜL O?UZ Author-Name-First: YA?AR AY?EGÜL Author-Name-Last: O?UZ Author-Email: ayatabey@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UN?VERS?TY Title: Economic Contribution Of Tourism To Economy Abstract: Since the 1900s, the tourism sector has been getting more significance as an economic activity both in Turkey and worldwide. To develop foreign exchange, to create new job opportunities, and to have more money to pay external debts, tourism is of a quite important role. Moreover, tourism provides many additional benefits in different sectors and sources of income, such as food, accommodation, industry and construction, etc. In this study, general goal is to show economic contributions of tourism to developing countries like Turkey by obtaining and analyzing tourism activities. Furthermore, countries such as Turkey, Greece and Spain have been taken into consideration as the examples in this study. As a result, the importance and role of tourism sector in the economy of countries are examined in light of data that are collected from given examples. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 151-151 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=039&rid=6441 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006441 Classification-JEL: A10 Keywords: Tourism, economy, exchange. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chanida Jittaruttha Author-Name-First: Chanida Author-Name-Last: Jittaruttha Author-Email: chanida.jittaruttha@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Chulalongkorn University Title: Public Trust Among Citizen: Inner Cultural Questions Abstract: The new democratic governments often inherited a citizenry with low levels of trust in public institutions and with the habit of relying on inter-personal relations, not public institutions and laws. Public administration scholars generally agree that public ethics are a prerequisite to public trust and a keystone of good governance. Lewis and Cartron (1996, p. 699) stated that ?Public service is a public trust. If there is anything unique about public service, it derives from this proposition?. When people think of public ethics, honesty is an important substantive value with a close connection to trust for it implies both truth - telling and responsible behavior that seeks to abide by the rules (Rose - Ackerman, 2001). Fair and reliable public services inspire public trust and create a favorable environment for businesses, thus contributing to well - functioning markets and economic growth (OECD, 2000; 2004). This article aimed to study the level of public trust among Thai citizens which were perceived on ethics of government and officials (Yingluck?s government period). Both questionnaires and interview schedule were synthesized from relevant literatures to explore a field. The findings are as follows: (1) citizen perception on the ethics of honesty of government and officials is at very low level, (2) citizen trust in government and officials was shown at a low level among three realms of trust perception - trustworthiness/ basis trust/ trust culture, (3) relationship between the ethics of government and officials and citizen trust were positively correlated in the same direction at high level (r=.928), (4) apparent behaviors of government and officials? honesty have disparity from those expected ones at very high level (sig .876) and (5) major barriers of public trust were caused by unethical norms and behaviors, distrust culture, bureaucracy and parliament intervention, unethical leader, mega-project corruption, illegal policy such as ?amnesty bill? (6) alignments to cultivate public trust are incorruptibility, public interest and justice preservation, transparency and accountability, respect for the worth, dignity, and diversity, commitment to excellence and to maintaining the public trust. The article postulates sufficient evidence to conclude that citizen trust on the ethics of government and officials is at low level. It highlights where existing measures match the theories and shows a number of trust deficiency, especially over the content of the trust belief correlated with the ethics of honesty and the possible alignments for re contributing public trust among citizen. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 152-152 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=040&rid=6414 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006414 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Public Trust, Ethics of Honesty, Corruption, Inner Cultural Questions Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006414 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Eunkyung Joo Author-Name-First: Eunkyung Author-Name-Last: Joo Author-Email: lululalla79@hanmail.net Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Author-Name: Hyejin Shin Author-Name-First: Hyejin Author-Name-Last: Shin Author-Email: epoodi@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Author-Name: Na-Ri Hong Author-Name-First: Na-Ri Author-Name-Last: Hong Author-Email: byebye_mine@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Author-Name: Insin Kim Author-Name-First: Insin Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: insinkim@pusan.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Title: Identifying luxury value maximizing first class airline passengers? self enhancement Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate critical factors of luxury value in inducing self enhancement of first class passengers and to explore the relationships among first class passengers? self enhancement, first class loyalty, and willingness to pay more. The main survey was randomly distributed to individuals who had experienced first class services during their flights from any airline companies by an online market research company in U.S. Based on the data collected from 205 first class passengers, descriptive data analysis using SPSS was conducted and AMOS was used to test the hypotheses. The results demonstrate that all factors of luxury value, namely financial value, functional value, individual value, and social value, have significant influence on first class passengers? self enhancement. In addition, first class passengers? self enhancement has a substantial influence on first class loyalty and willingness to pay more. The results of this study contribute insights into the effect of each component of luxury value on first class loyalty and willingness to pay more mediated by self enhancement of first class passengers. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 153-153 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=041&rid=6404 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006404 Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: Luxury value; Self enhancement; Loyalty; Willingness to pay more; First class airline. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006404 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nato Kakashvili Author-Name-First: Nato Author-Name-Last: Kakashvili Author-Email: nato.kakashvili@tsu.ge Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Title: Georgia?s Social Insurance System: Reality and Prospects Abstract: Actuality. Organization of social security system serves the aim ? Living and quality standards of population should be ensured by redistribution of national income, by realization of social solidarity principle for disabled and low income population. Deepening the problems of social security, usage different forms of protection system has made the issue about improving social security system as a central part of economic research. Usage of social insurance for compensation of losses received from social risks has not been fully formed in Georgia. Social insurance is an important element of the financial system, social security system of population and insurance industry, which brings together the interests of the citizens of any country. Its qualitative and quantitative characteristics create idea about social, economic, legal and cultural level of society. The object of the research is the social insurance system of Georgia, economically strong, democratic and legal state building perspective greatly depends on effective functioning of above mentioned system.The aim of the research. The aim of the research is studying of existing problems in social insurance system and ways of improvement. Research Methods. During the research, due to practical importance and complexity of the problem, it has been used systemic, historical and logical generalization methods. Also it has been used scientific abstraction, methods of analysis and synthesis.Conclusion. The findings and results from the survey will help to eliminate existing problems in social insurance system of Georgia and will raise efficiency. Length: 4 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 154-157 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=042&rid=6554 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006554 Classification-JEL: Keywords: insurance, insurer, social insurance, universal insurance. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006554 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alper Karademir Author-Name-First: Alper Author-Name-Last: Karademir Author-Email: alperkarademir@aksaray.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Aksaray University, Department of Politics and Public Administration Title: The Effects of Structural Adjustment Programs on Women in Developing Countries Abstract: From the late 1970s onwards, a growing number of developing countries have undergone an increasing amount of fiscal asymmetries and depreciations in the way in which prosperity is formulated in their productive sectors. When attempting to balance their costs and to engender an environment in which further growth can occur, a number of Middle Eastern, African, and Latin American countries have implemented several different organisational plans. This is called Structural adjustment programs which aim to provide a lasting economic stability, producing a sustainable growth and emerging a functioning market mechanism in accordance with the global economy in countries that applied. This paper purposes to analyse the effect of this SAP, which proposed by World Bank and International Monetary Fund to developing countries, on women socially and economically. These programs may reduce purchasing power due to its main principles such as free market (possible higher prices for basic necessities such as electricity, water), minimizing some services (health care, social care etc.), macroeconomic policies (cut backs wages) and devaluation. Hence, women may have to take place in the workforce as lower paid and unskilled labour, since previously obtained family income is no longer efficient. This process may lead women to exposure to violence both in business and family life. Besides deduction of social services might increase the burden of working woman. This study will start with an introduction part which will include historical background and aims of SAP. Secondly, SAP will analyze in the context of Feminist perspective and also the topic of feminization of labour force will discuss with examples from different countries. Thirdly, the impact of SAP on women and in this context, the relationship of women?s economic participation and SAP will be debated. Consequently, women?s inequality may limit their ability to take full advantage of better macroeconomic and microeconomic conditions and this is ignored by WB and IMF. This program seems to be gender neutral and far away from eliminating these gender inequalities but it indirectly increases, public expenditure on education might be effective to reduce it. Also some other social impacts on women will be tackled in this part. Finally, some solutions and critics on the issue will be given. As methodology, secondary data is used. Various data will be utilised from various developing countries to demonstrate its negative effects. Additionally, other studies in the literature have reviewed to see all the related impacts in different developing countries. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 158-167 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=043&rid=6460 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006460 Classification-JEL: Keywords: SAP, World Bank and IMF, women, workforce participation in developing countries, gender inequality, indirect violence on women Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Eda Karademir Author-Name-First: Eda Author-Name-Last: Karademir Author-Email: bakhaankara@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Erzurum Technical University, Department of Philosophy Author-Name: Alper Karademir Author-Name-First: Alper Author-Name-Last: Karademir Author-Email: alperkarademir@aksaray.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Aksaray University, Department of Politics and Public Administration Title: Reconsideration of Rights to Vote Abstract: This paper aims to elucidate how the weight of vote may be allocated in the current democratic systems to properly administrate a society on the basis of justice rather than simple equality that is today well accepted internationally. Towards this objective, the notion of current democracy will be briefly clarified within its historical origin. In this sense, the pros and cons of the current democracy approach will be examined to see its problematic issues. This examination will indicate that today?s democracy is incapable of creating an efficient representation in the political area due to the methodology of voting system that is unjustly one person to one vote. The content of ??weighted voting?? system will be investigated suggested by John Stuart Mill whose claim would be better solution for the problems of today?s democracy. Mill?s ??weighted voting?? looks fairer and more effective in the implementation of proportional equality that includes absolute equality. While the conception of contemporary democracy takes mainly the term of ?absolute equality?, Mill?s approach accepts the term of ?proportional equality? that is the cornerstone to promote justice, which I also concern with the highest priority, both in theory and in practice. Mill?s approach argues for ?equality of equal?s? and ?inequality of unequal?s? shaped in social life dependent on individuals? own preferences, since this hierarchical structure is not natural or permanent but temporary and transitional in a community, besides equality of opportunity does exist for every persons without exclusion of anyone. Although it may seem to be against the principles of today?s empirical democracy, in fact his proposal may be considered as progressive. This progressive approach can develop both individuals and society and reveal better administrative. Then, this work will search for moral justification in order to demonstrate its fairness and qualifications to elect the best possible representative. Consequently, this work will end with two conclusions. Firstly, current democratic voting system might create injustice in treating unequal as equal due to equal voting although the main aim is to promote fair representation. The second is a normative one that the best possible democratic system might adopt the principle of multiple votes that treats not only unequal as unequal but also equal as equal. Both phenomenological and analytical manners are utilised as methodology. The coherence of concepts is debated in itself within the necessity of ?justice?. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 168-180 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=044&rid=6459 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006459 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Democracy, Political participation, ??the principle of multiple votes??, Mill?s political philosophy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hasan A?an Karaduman Author-Name-First: Hasan A?an Author-Name-Last: Karaduman Author-Email: hasankaraduman@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Yildiz Technical University Title: STYLIZED FACTS AND WEAK-FORM EFFICIENCY IN TURKISH STOCK MARKET Abstract: The question of whether the price and return series of a stock market exhibit a predictable and tractable pattern is always of interest in both theory and practice. After a brief overview of the literature on market efficiency, the stylized facts about the pre-global crisis, crisis and post-global crisis daily returns of Turkish stock market are explored at the statistical level as an example of the behavioural change in stock market of an emerging country. The weak-form market efficiency is also addressed using a range of statistical and econometric methods, namely unit root tests, variance-ratio tests, testing some anomalies which may falsify the stock market efficiency. The findings indicate there exists some form of deviations from the efficient market hypothesis during the global crisis period. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 181-190 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=045&rid=6651 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006651 Classification-JEL: G00, G01, C58 Keywords: Stylized facts; Stock Market Efficiency; Global Crisis; Turkish Economy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006651 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tamar Kbiladze Author-Name-First: Tamar Author-Name-Last: Kbiladze Author-Email: tako_kbiladze@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Author-Name: David Kbiladze Author-Name-First: David Author-Name-Last: Kbiladze Author-Email: d.kbiladze@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: David Agmashenebeli University of Georgia, Guram Tavartkiladze Teaching University Title: Tax burden inequality of population in Georgia and conceptual ? methodological problems of evaluation Abstract: Fairly determined taxes and tax burden of population is one of the most important criteria for living standards evaluation. Should tax rates be the same for everyone? This is the challenge which every government meets and successful decision regarding this issue is very important for sustainable development of the economy. The aim of the conducted research is to propose methodology and evaluate existing tax burden of population in Georgia. Empirical study was performed in order to reveal heaviness and lightness of population tax burden. On the basis of empirical research, we conclude that tax burden of population in Georgia, considering their income, is unequal, while according to tax code of Georgia, income of individuals is taxed by flat rate of 20%. Result of investigation, described in the article will be useful for executive and legislative authorities of Georgia to make decisions regarding tax system in Georgia, also for scientists and students who have research interest in the same field. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 191-198 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=046&rid=6472 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006472 Classification-JEL: H21, H24, G28 Keywords: Decile inequality; Proportional tax system; Progressive tax system; Tax burden; Tax rate; Population Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006472 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sabiha K?l?ç Author-Name-First: Sabiha Author-Name-Last: K?l?ç Author-Email: sabihakilic19@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hitit University Author-Name: Yusuf ?ahan Author-Name-First: Yusuf Author-Name-Last: ?ahan Author-Email: yusufsahan1@yandex.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hitit University Title: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR IDENTIFYING WEB SITE DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS AFFECTING TOURISTIC PURCHASE DECISION Abstract: This study aims to identify web site design characteristics and consequently touristic product perception level differences depending on demographic characteristics of tourists and tourist types in tourism marketing, and thus to determine whether there are any differences among the touristic product purchase decisions depending on perception levels of tourists. Travel planner, domestic hotel and tour options, overseas hotel and tour options, transportation services, holiday opportunities and accommodation and tour options have been identified as web site design characteristics. Under the study, data have been obtained by using EEG (Electroencephalography) and eye tracking methods. With EEG method, numerical values at microvolt level were obtained from AF3, F7, F8, F3, F4, AF4 bands on prefrontal lobe areas of the subjects. Prefrontal lobe scans, picks, evaluates, construes stimuli from internal and external sources, creating new ideas and decisions. Therefore, an experimental analysis has been conducted on this area to evaluate touristic purchase decisions. Independent Sample T Test has been used in analyzing working hypotheses. Sample size under the experimental study consisted of a total of 26 volunteer consumers, of whom 13 were women, 13 men, aged 18 and above, who had the capacity to create demand and who purchased holiday package over internet. As a result of analysis of the data, it has been found that, by sex, male consumers had a higher level of perceiving the modules of travel planner, domestic and overseas hotel and tour options, transportation services and holiday opportunities relative to female consumers, that, by age, consumers aged 30 and above had a higher level of perceiving the modules of domestic and overseas hotel and tour options relative to consumers aged below 30, that, by income status, consumers having income of TL 5000 and above had a higher level of perceiving the modules of domestic hotel and tour options and holiday opportunities relative to consumers having income of below TL 5000, that, by educational status, university-graduate consumers had a higher level of perceiving the modules of domestic hotel and tour options, transportation services and holiday opportunities. Postmodern-tourist-type consumers were found to have a higher level of perceiving the module of overseas hotel and tour options relative to other tourist types. As a result of watching 117-second video incorporating web site design characteristics, consumers were found to focus mostly, for 6.211 seconds, on domestic hotel and tour options. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 199-199 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=047&rid=6383 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006383 Classification-JEL: M31, D87 Keywords: Tourism Marketing, Eye Tracking, EEG(Electroencephalography), Tourist Types, Web Site. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006383 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hong-Bae Kim Author-Name-First: Hong-Bae Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: rfctogether@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Dongseo University Title: portfolio management with Islam Equity in Korea stock market Abstract: This paper investigated the volatility spillover effects between Islamic stock markets and Korean stock market using the AR-DCC-GARCH models. First, we found bi-directional volatility transmissions between the Islamic and Korean financial markets Second, we compared the correlation of KOSPI-DJIM portfolio and that of KOSPI-SHX portfolio. It shows the correlation of KOSPI-DJIM portfolio has stronger linkage than that of KOSPI-SHX portfolio. In the portfolio perspective, the S&P 500 Sharia stock Index(SHX) acts as a better hedge asset than DJIM against the risk of stock market. Last, The hedge ratio between two Islamic stock market and Korean stock market pairs is generally low, indicating that the Korean stock risk can be effectively hedged by taking a short position in the Islamic stock markets. In comparison with two pairs, the pair of KOSPI-SHX relatively shows a cheaper hedging cost than that of KOSP-DJIM pair. This evidence indicates that S&P 500 Sharia index serve more effective hedging role against the risk of Korean stock market. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 200-200 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=048&rid=6501 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006501 Classification-JEL: G11, G15 Keywords: Islamic market, hedge ratio, AR-DCC-GARCH model Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006501 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mi-Ae Kim Author-Name-First: Mi-Ae Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: olive5263@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kyungpook National University Author-Name: Chea-Young Hwang Author-Name-First: Chea-Young Author-Name-Last: Hwang Author-Email: mogo@nate.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kyungpook National University Author-Name: Chang-Kyo Suh Author-Name-First: Chang-Kyo Author-Name-Last: Suh Author-Email: ck@knu.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Kyungpook National University Title: Topic Detection in Korean SCM Research Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation Abstract: The supply chain management(SCM) is a cross-disciplinary research field and challenges to research SCM are increasing due to the rapid development of information system. We investigate the SCM research papers using latent Dirichlet allocation(LDA) to detect common and/or hidden topics and trends among Korean researcher in SCM. Topic modeling analyzes the words of the original texts to discover the topics and the LDA groups articles in several relevant topics and finds the hidden topics in the literature. In this research we searched RISS(www.riss.kr) and NDSL(www.ndsl.or.kr) database using keywords and collected academic papers on SCM between 2010 and 2014. Among them we analyze the abstract of the papers that were published by domestic authors to identify the topic trend in the field of SCM. The major findings will be discussed in the conference in details. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 201-201 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=049&rid=6385 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006385 Classification-JEL: M11, M10 Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Latent Dirichlet Allocation, Topic Model Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006385 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: MUSTAFA KIZILTAN Author-Name-First: MUSTAFA Author-Name-Last: KIZILTAN Author-Email: mustafa.kiziltan@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: ANNA GOLOVKO Author-Name-First: ANNA Author-Name-Last: GOLOVKO Author-Email: golovko.anna@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sosyoekonomi Society Title: Testing the Saving-Investment Relationship for the Country Groups Classified by Income Levels Abstract: After the 1980s capital mobility has increased along with the globalization process in the world economy. In particular countries that suffering from savings gap are trying to attract foreign capital to finance investments, to reduce budget deficits and to deal with the current account deficit problem. However, international mobility of capital has also lead to global instabilities and its magnitude became enough to throw any country?s economy into grave crisis. Therefore, regular capital flows are extremely important for balanced growth. For this reason in the literature the capital mobility is examined through saving-investment relationship. This study analyzes the relationship between saving and investment for 1980-2014 period based on country groups? data which is aggregated according to their development level. For this purpose, the analyze has been performed by using Johansen Co-Integration and Vector Error Correction Models within the framework of the Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle hypothesis which is accepted in the literature as a robust tool for examining short and long term saving-investment relationship. Our results suggest that capital mobility vary among country groups with the income level. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 202-202 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=050&rid=6505 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006505 Classification-JEL: C22, E20, F21 Keywords: Capital mobility, Saving and Investment, Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle, Cointegration Tests Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006505 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Neviana Krasteva Author-Name-First: Neviana Author-Name-Last: Krasteva Author-Email: nevianak@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: International Business School, Botevgrad Title: A Methodology for Determining the Impact of the Political Environment on Marketing and Tourism Abstract: A method for the quantitative measurement of the political environment is developed, allowing for a reasonably accurate evaluation of the risk factors and their impact on the competitiveness of the companies in view. The quantitative part of the analysis is based on expert evaluations. The model is an adaptation of the foundation laid by Michael Porter ? which is a classification of the factors of international competitiveness; for the purposes of the analysis the determinants of national competitiveness are decomposed into separate components-turned-variables (as per Shafael).From the derived results, a reasonably clear picture can be drawn about the true condition of the political factors and their impact. On that basis, conclusions can be drawn about the intensity of impact of each outside factor for the period of analysis. Revealed are those factors and determinants of the political environment which are conducive to business and competitiveness, and those who are not. Comparison between different companies in tourism becomes possible.A case study which is offered is the impact of the recent international events in and around Russia on the Spanish tourism market. Length: 7 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 203-209 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=051&rid=6333 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006333 Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: political environment, risk factors Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006333 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hye Rim Lee Author-Name-First: Hye Rim Author-Name-Last: Lee Author-Email: hyerimlee1207@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Konkuk University Author-Name: Eui Jun Jeong Author-Name-First: Eui Jun Author-Name-Last: Jeong Author-Email: stevejeong@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Konkuk University Author-Name: Joo Woo Kim Author-Name-First: Joo Woo Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: rlawndn10@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Konkuk University Title: Does playing favorite games induce therapeutic effects? Abstract: The present research was conducted to examine whether players? life and game self-efficacy as experienced through their favorite gaming activities have therapeutic effects on their sense of depression, loneliness, and aggression. Importantly, we have investigated their relationships in an integrated path model using sub-factors of each construct. With survey data from 1227 South Korean online gamers, the current study used a path model to examine differences between the variables. We found that life and game self-efficacy were significantly negatively and positively related to degrees of depression and loneliness, respectively. Implications for game use as a potential therapeutic tool are discussed. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 210-210 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=052&rid=6584 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006584 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: life self-efficacy, game self-efficacy, depression, loneliness, therapeutic approach Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006584 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Eun-Mi Lee Author-Name-First: Eun-Mi Author-Name-Last: Lee Author-Email: emlee0322@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Izmir University of Economics Author-Name: Ece Çam Author-Name-First: Ece Author-Name-Last: Çam Author-Email: ececam@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Izmir University of Economics Title: THE INFLUENCE OF MESSAGE FRAME AND MESSAGE APPEAL ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL MEDIA Abstract: As people recognize the values of a healthy lifestyle, they are effectively attempting to enhance eating habits and they have a tendency to promote a healthier dietary behavior or strict diet to lose weight. Social media is an important source that people use to learn and obtain information about health and healthy life. Even though social media has the potential to be a crucial source for health information and issues, very few studies of the effectiveness of social media in this area have been investigated. The purpose of this research is to examine how different types of messages can contribute to the effectiveness of social media in health communication. The sample consisted of 159 participants who use social media. 2 (message frame: positive vs. negative) * 2 (message appeals: body image vs. health) between subject experimental design was used to test the hypotheses. The study shows that a positively framed message paired with a health focused message and a negatively framed message paired with a body image focused message exhibit a positive eWOM and message perception. This research offers direction for development of appropriate message types to improve social media effectiveness. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 211-211 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=053&rid=6416 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006416 Classification-JEL: Keywords: social media, message appeal, message frame, eating habit Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006416 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hyae-Jung Lim Author-Name-First: Hyae-Jung Author-Name-Last: Lim Author-Email: limhyaejung@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kyungpook National University Author-Name: Chang-Kyo Suh Author-Name-First: Chang-Kyo Author-Name-Last: Suh Author-Email: ck@knu.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Kyungpook National University Title: The Intellectual Development of Supply Chain Management: 1996 ? 2015. Abstract: Supply chain management aims to provide the coordination and execution of planning and decision-making in multi organization-wide production and distribution. This study intended to identify the intellectual development of supply chain management in the last two decades using the author co-citation analysis. The author co-citation analysis is frequently used to produce maps of prominent authors and identify the intellectual structure of the research field.In this research, we have collected 749 academic papers on the supply chain management from the year 1996 to 2015. With these papers, we analyze the references of the papers for the author co-citation analysis method. Then, we produced a correlation matrix of the major author co-citation matrix and conducted multi-variate analysis such as factor analysis and clustering analysis. The major findings including the intellectual structure of supply chain management will be discussed in the conference in details. The limitation of the research and suggestion for further research will also be presented. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 212-212 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=054&rid=6386 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006386 Classification-JEL: M11, M10, O39 Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Intellectual Structure, Author Co-citation Analysis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006386 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kun-Li Lin Author-Name-First: Kun-Li Author-Name-Last: Lin Author-Email: kllin@fcu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Feng Chia University Title: What drives bank efficiency? Interaction of bank income diversification and ownership Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between income diversification and bank efficiency in across 83 countries over the period 2003?2012. We also evaluate how ownership structure varies the impact of bank diversification on cost efficiency. Using stochastic frontier approach to estimate bank?s cost efficiency, we find the evidence that increased diversification tend to improve bank efficiency, and government-controlled banks with fewer volatile income sources are likely to have lower efficiency of income diversification. Our results also reveal that more diversified foreign-controlled banks tend to be less efficient in developed countries, while increased foreign ownership of banks appears to improve the diversification benefits in developing countries after the financial crisis. Our findings highlight the implications of bank income diversification and ownership for efficiency and are relevant to bank regulators who are considering additional regulations on bank efficiency. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 213-213 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=055&rid=6061 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006061 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Income diversification, ownership structure, efficiency, banking Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006061 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lin Lin Author-Name-First: Lin Author-Name-Last: Lin Author-Email: linlin@ncnu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chi Nan University Title: Institutional Ownership Stability and Post-Merger Performance Abstract: Early paper argues that only independent long-term institutions are active monitors in the decision-making process of their investee firms. Using a sample of U.S. bids during1984-2011, this study finds that there is a significantly positive effect of institutionalownership stability on post-merger buy-and-hold returns (BHAR) and industry-adjustedreturns on assets (ROA) no matter whether they have concentrated holdings or not. Further, some institutions under public scrutiny (public pension funds, banks, and insurance companies in this study) seem to be more active in monitoring the post-merger performance than others. Empirical evidence also supports the relationship of institutional ownership stability and merger completion likelihood. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 214-214 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=056&rid=6543 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006543 Classification-JEL: G34 Keywords: Institutional ownership stability, Mergers and acquisitions, Institutional investors, Monitoring; Corporate governance Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006543 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ieva Linkeviciute Author-Name-First: Ieva Author-Name-Last: Linkeviciute Author-Email: ili.eco@cbs.dk Author-Workplace-Name: Copenhagen Business School Title: Aggregation of demand-side flexibility in electricity markets: the effects of portfolio choice Abstract: Aggregation of demand-side flexibility for balancing purposes is seen as one way to cope with the challenges imposed by increasing share of renewable energy sources in the future power system. The value of demand-side flexibility has attracted attention of researchers and industry a while ago. However, there is still a lack of discussion whether the composition of various flexibility sources could bring additional value in optimizing schedules of flexible load. This paper examines the role of flexible demand aggregators and the effects of their portfolio choice on payments in balancing market and compensations to flexibility providers. It also proposes a game theoretical model which allows to determine optimal flexible load schedules ensuring highest savings in balancing market. Seven scenarios representing portfolios with different compositions of flexibility sources are set to investigate the Nordic power market. Results show that the aggregator?s payments in balancing market and compensations to consumers for provided flexibility depend on the type of flexibility sources in the portfolio. Also, the difference in forecasted and actual reductions in imbalance payments is affected by the portfolio composition. However, there is no significant value in combining all flexibility sources in the portfolio. This means that in order to maximize the value of flexible demand the aggregators might choose to specialize in certain types of flexibility sources. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 215-215 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=057&rid=6610 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006610 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Demand-side management, flexibility, aggregation, electricity market, smart grid Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006610 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: CHENGEDZAI MAFINI Author-Name-First: CHENGEDZAI Author-Name-Last: MAFINI Author-Email: chengedzai@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: DEPARTMENT OF LOGISTICS, VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Title: FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE IN SMALL TO MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES Abstract: Many small to medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies are yet to adopt supply chain management practices. However, they have realised the strategic importance of supply chain management as a tool for optimum business performance. This paper examined the importance of service quality, dynamic capabilities and relationship continuity as mechanisms for the enhancement of supply chain performance in SMEs. Participants in the study included a total of 348 SME managers who were based in South Africa. Data were analysed using the Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0). Spearman correlations were used to determine the strength of the relationship between constructs. Regression analysis was used to test for prediction between the dependant and independent constructs. The results of the correlation tests showed significant positive correlations between supply chain performance and two constructs; service quality and dynamic capabilities. Regression analysis showed that service quality and dynamic capabilities significantly predicted supply chain performance. A comparison of the betas showed that service quality exerts greater influence on supply chain performance than the other two constructs. The study is significant in that it facilitates improved diagnosis of supply chain performance challenges amongst SMEs in emerging economies. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 216-216 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=058&rid=5793 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4005793 Classification-JEL: L22, M00 Keywords: Service quality, dynamic capabilities, relationship continuity, SME Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4005793 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: CHENGEDZAI MAFINI Author-Name-First: CHENGEDZAI Author-Name-Last: MAFINI Author-Email: chengedzai@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: DEPARTMENT OF LOGISTICS, VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Title: DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES, SERVICE QUALITY AND RELATIONSHIP CONTINUITY AS DRIVERS OF SME SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE Abstract: Many small to medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies are yet to adopt supply chain management practices. However, they have realised the strategic importance of supply chain management as a tool for optimum business performance. This paper examined the importance of dynamic capabilities, service quality and relationship continuity as mechanisms for the enhancement of supply chain performance in SMEs. Participants in the study included a total of 348 SME managers who were based in South Africa. Data were analysed using the Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0). Spearman correlations were used to determine the strength of the relationship between constructs. Regression analysis was used to test for prediction between the dependant and independent constructs. The results of the correlation tests showed significant positive correlations between supply chain performance and all three predictor constructs (dynamic capabilities, service quality and relationship continuity). In the regression analyses, the three predictor constructs were statistically significant. A comparison of the betas showed that service quality exerts greater influence on supply chain performance than the other two constructs. The study is significant in that it facilitates improved diagnosis of supply chain performance challenges amongst SMEs in emerging economies. Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 217-232 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=059&rid=5794 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4005794 Classification-JEL: M00 Keywords: Service quality, dynamic capabilities, relationship continuity, supply chain performance, SME Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4005794 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hajar MAKRY Author-Name-First: Hajar Author-Name-Last: MAKRY Author-Email: h.makry@uhp.ac.ma Author-Workplace-Name: ENCG Settat, Hassan First University Author-Name: Houcine Berbou Author-Name-First: Houcine Author-Name-Last: Berbou Author-Email: berbou@academus-bm.com Author-Workplace-Name: ENCG Settat, Hassan First University Author-Name: Badia Oulhadj Author-Name-First: Badia Author-Name-Last: Oulhadj Author-Email: b.oulhadj@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: ENCG Settat, Hassan First University Title: COMMUNICATION & MARKETING SERVINIG POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS : Proposal of a conceptual model Abstract: This research is a theoretical contribution. The objective is to strengthen the starting base of this study that aims to transposition Branding practices from business to political organization.Our contribution will be presented in three essential moments. The research model adopted to deal with this aspect of political marketing, contextualization study and the problematization from which resulted the fundamental questions of our research.Through the contextualization study we have not only as an objective to tap the legitimacy of our field of intervention choice but also to understand it.In a second moment of this contribution we will develop the synthesis of our three measures of conceptual analysis: starting from the extraction to modeling through the description of our knowledge, to bring out our conceptual framework.We will finally declare our epistemological arguments and we'll plan in a relevant and punctual schedule our methodological approach. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 233-233 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=060&rid=6462 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006462 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Political Marketing, Political Organizations, Branding, constructivism Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ramadan Mamoon Author-Name-First: Ramadan Author-Name-Last: Mamoon Author-Email: rms05@fayoum.edu.eg Author-Workplace-Name: faculty of archaeology, Fayoum university Title: New Views on a stucco decoration from The Almoravid period in Al-Andalus Abstract: This paper presents study and publish to stucco cladding dating back to the era of Almoravid State in Andalusia, the cladding decorated portico of the entrance to one of the hall that belongs to the Palace of Pinohermoso, which was located in Xativa Andalusian. this cladding reserved today at The Municipal Museum of Xativa.In this paper, researcher will re-read the full inscriptions of the friezes which decorated the cladding correctly and accurately.Also study floral and geometrical decorative elements which appeared on this cladding.The kind and the shape of these inscriptions has a special feature in the drawing way of the letters, there are different letters that the artist painted by the same way, which making it difficult difference between them. The research will study the aim of those inscriptions to accurate history to this cladding, because there are differences about the exact date of the construction of this palace. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 234-234 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=061&rid=6390 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006390 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Stucco, Almoravid, Cladding, Pinohermoso, Xativa, Inscriptions, History Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006390 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Izabela Marzec Author-Name-First: Izabela Author-Name-Last: Marzec Author-Email: izabela.marzec@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in Katowice Title: Employability practices in the healthcare sector: an evidence from Poland Abstract: Topic and purposeHuman capital is considered as an essential driver of achieving competitive advantage in the healthcare sector. However, employment relationships in the Polish healthcare sector are changing and long-term relationships are replaced with more temporary relationships. Contrary to the situation in other sectors, this is favorable for employees of healthcare entities what stems from a growing demand for medical services. Healthcare entities attempt to attract and retain valuable employees. The possibility of employability enhancement becomes an important factor deciding about the attractiveness of the employer for many employees who look for opportunities for further career development. However, knowledge about competencies determining employability and practices of its enhancement in this sector is still poor. This paper tries to answer the questions: what are key employability competencies of employees in the healthcare sector and what are the conditions of their enhancement in healthcare organizations?MethodThe aims of the paper are realized by presenting the results of semi-structured interviews carried out with top management of 11 public healthcare entities*. Healthcare entities operating in Southern, Northern, Central, Eastern and Western Poland were targeted in order to get a more complete view of the situation. On the basis of the interviews carried out with managers of healthcare entities key employability competencies of employees and the practices of employability enhancement applied in healthcare entities are analyzed.Findings and implicationsDespite the fact that generally professional knowledge and skills were considered as the most important factor of employability in healthcare organizations the significance of some generic competences was also emphasized. It has been found that although the employees? employability enhancement is a vital concern of the management in the examined healthcare entities, activities undertaken in this area are rather limited and primarily focused on trainings. To conclude, assuming that people and their competences are the most important capital of healthcare organizations, activities aimed at employability enhancement acquire crucial importance in healthcare entities and they should become an inherent element of HRM policy. They have to focus not only on the development of employees? professional knowledge and skills but also generic competences which today become a significant factor determining employability in the healthcare sector.* The project was funded from the resources of the National Science Centre (Poland) granted by the decision no. DEC-2013/11/B/HS4/00561. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 235-245 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=062&rid=6387 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006387 Classification-JEL: J24, O15, I19 Keywords: employability, HRM, healthcare sector Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006387 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Petr Mazouch Author-Name-First: Petr Author-Name-Last: Mazouch Author-Email: mazouchp@vse.cz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics, Prague Title: Poor-quality data and cohort life tables Abstract: Data for cohort life tables and its quality is very important information and good data is the basic assumption to construct any model. For cohort life tables information about mortality for 100 years is needed. As is known many regions have problem with some short time periods with weak or no information about mortality patterns in detailed structure. Aim of the paper is to describe possible way how to solve the problem with short periods with low quality data and to evaluate impact of this to the total cohort mortality. Information about cohort mortality is very important for many institutions as pension funds, government and others. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 246-246 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=063&rid=6583 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006583 Classification-JEL: C80, J10 Keywords: Cohort, Mortality, Life tables, Estimate Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006583 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dorothy McClellan Author-Name-First: Dorothy Author-Name-Last: McClellan Author-Email: dorothy.mcclellan@tamucc.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi Title: PROSECUTING GENOCIDE, RAPE, AND SEXUAL ENSLAVEMENT IN TIME OF WAR: SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE 1991-1995 Abstract: As the 25th anniversary of the Balkan War approaches, people around the globe recall a terrible war of aggression that shocked the conscience of the modern world by its deliberate carnage, primitivism, and countless atrocities targeting civilian populations. This project addresses the experiences and concerns of tens of thousands of women who were raped in that war and are still awaiting prosecution of their victimizers, many still seeking official status as victims of war crimes entitled to moral, spiritual, and financial assistance. The widespread, systematic use of rape as an instrument of war by the Serbian military has been documented by the U.N., and the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The U.N. estimates that between 20,000 and 50,000 women were raped by the Serbian military. Yet, to date, there have been few successful prosecutions of the war crimes of genocide, rape, and sexual enslavement. The Security Council, in forming the Tribunal sought a political mechanism for fulfilling two distinct purposes: 1) To meet the Security Council?s obligations ?to stop crimes against the peace and reestablish peace and security,? and 2) To meet the Tribunal?s single obligation to try individuals responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law which delineates the legitimacy of the level of violence in an armed conflict. It failed to make the essential distinction between the aggressor, a war criminal committing a jus cogens crime (a crime that violates a fundamental principle of international law from which no derogation is permitted) and the defendant-victim of the crime lawfully engaged in self-defense. This presentation examines how the Tribunal?s controversial stance of moral equivalency, a formulation that replaces the concept of aggression with that of joint criminal enterprise, politicized the judicial process and contributed to victims being left alone in their suffering. The criminals live freely among them. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 247-247 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=064&rid=6254 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006254 Classification-JEL: K14 Keywords: women victims, war violence, rape, war crimes, genocide, former Yugoslavia Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Teboho Jeremiah Mosikari Author-Name-First: Teboho Jeremiah Author-Name-Last: Mosikari Author-Email: teboho.mosikari@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Diteboho Lawrance Xaba Author-Name-First: Diteboho Lawrance Author-Name-Last: Xaba Author-Email: diteboho.xaba@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Johannes Tshepiso Tsoku Author-Name-First: Johannes Tshepiso Author-Name-Last: Tsoku Author-Email: johannes.tshepiso@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Title: Macroeconomic determinants of economic growth in Botswana: The Keynesian approach Abstract: The interest of this study is to examine the macroeconomic determinants of economic growth in Botswana. The paper is motivated by poverty and unemployment figures rampaging the economy of Botswana, therefore, it is necessary to investigate its growth empirics. The study adopted the Keynesian expenditure approach to identify the factors influencing Botswana?s economic growth. The study used the time series data spanning from 1966 to 2014. The paper applied a robust Engle-Granger approach to examine the long run equilibrium between Keynesian macroeconomic factors and economic growth. In an attempt to examine the long run equilibrium, the results of the study reviled that all the variables performed according to Keynesian theory expectation. Furthermore, although imports impact negatively to economic growth according to Keynes theory and it is empirically proven. The study recommends that economic policy makers in Botswana should reconsider the import structure of the economy in such a way that they promote import of capital goods that will impact positively to economic growth in the long run that will translate to eradicate poverty and reduce unemployment. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 248-256 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=065&rid=6365 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006365 Classification-JEL: B41, C01, E20 Keywords: economic growth, Keynesian theory, cointegration Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006365 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Mahdi Mousavi Author-Name-First: Mohammad Mahdi Author-Name-Last: Mousavi Author-Email: s.m.m.mousavi@ed.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: The University of Edinburgh Business School Author-Name: Jamal Ouenniche Author-Name-First: Jamal Author-Name-Last: Ouenniche Author-Email: jamal.ouenniche@ed.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: The University of Edinburgh Business School Title: Comparative Analysis of Corporate Distress Prediction Models: A Dynamic Performance Evaluation Framework Abstract: In practice, investors, portfolio managers, and regulators continuously assess and monitor the performance of corporations. Such assessment and monitoring exercise is typically performed using a variety of tools including prediction models of distress. With the enormous number of prediction models, a strand of literature has focused on comparing the performance of alternative distress prediction models. In this research, we explore dynamic modelling and prediction frameworks of corporate distress and propose new ones. A dynamic evaluation framework is also proposed to assess the relative performance of these dynamic models in predicting corporate distress using a sample of UK firms listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 257-257 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=066&rid=6251 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006251 Classification-JEL: G33, G19 Keywords: Distress Prediction Models, Dynamic Framework Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: YA?AR AY?EGÜL O?UZ Author-Name-First: YA?AR AY?EGÜL Author-Name-Last: O?UZ Author-Email: ayatabey@selcuk.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: SELÇUK UNIVERS?TY Title: Turkey?s Economy in the Shadows of Terrorism Abstract: Terrorism is a phenomenon which is quite complex, constantly changeable, and a threat to the all economies, that has been in the national and international agenda for many years. Increasing number of terrorist activities all over the world in recent years is the source of many social, economic and political issues. The negative impacts of terrorism have been experienced in Turkey for many years while it has been trying to develop its economy in the shadows of terrorism at the same time. The economy breathes in an environment where there is stability and security. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of terrorism in Turkey's economy for all sectors, especially tourism and foreign trade. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 258-258 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=067&rid=6440 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006440 Classification-JEL: A10 Keywords: terrorism, international trade, tourism, economic growth, stability, economic development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006440 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Özlem Özer Author-Name-First: Özlem Author-Name-Last: Özer Author-Email: oozer@mehmetakif.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Healthcare Management Author-Name: Çi?dem Gün Author-Name-First: Çi?dem Author-Name-Last: Gün Author-Email: cgun@mehmetakif.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Author-Name: Meltem Sayg?l? Author-Name-First: Meltem Author-Name-Last: Sayg?l? Author-Email: meltemsaygili@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: K?r?kkale University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Healthcare Management Title: Cost of Caesarean Section Rates in Turkey and Their Burden in the Turkish Health Economics Abstract: Caesarean section is generally recommended when it is not possible to confidently complete the vaginal birth or there is a certain risk of increase in the morbidity and mortality rates of mother and/or infant due to vaginal birth. Even though caesarean section is recommended only under certain conditions, the rate of caesarean sections has shown a significant tendency of increase in recent years in Turkey. The increase of caesarean sections, which are more costly compared to normal births, causes an unnecessary cost for the national economy. The objective of this study is to give information about the rates of caesarean sections in Turkey, make assumptions about the approximate costs of normal births and caesarean sections and their postpartum outcomes in our country, and propose solutions for decreasing the rates of caesarean sections and thus, the economic burden it causes in our country. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 259-267 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=068&rid=6492 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006492 Classification-JEL: I19 Keywords: Caesarean section, cost, Turkey Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006492 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SELMA D?DEM ÖZ?ENLER Author-Name-First: SELMA D?DEM Author-Name-Last: ÖZ?ENLER Author-Email: selma.didem.ozsenler@ege.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: EGE UNIVERSITY Title: WAYS OF USING HUMOR IN INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS: AN ANALYSIS BETWEEN TURKS AND THE SPANISH Abstract: Humor is an effective and significant part of interpersonal relations. Humor has always had a slight role in maintaining or ending relationships, and in relational conflict management. People make their addressee laugh by cracking a joke, receive their approval, and win them over or gain self-confidence.Besides the fact that humor facilitate the solution of many problems in relationships, the partners may choose to use humor at the breaking points of their relationships, and this may cause the relationship to end.Expressions (actions) are created by using various functions of humor in relationships (Affiliative humor, Self-enhancing humor, Aggressive humor, Self-defeating humor). Since it facilitates the hardships, humor has always been the most popular way of dealing with stuff in relationship conflicts. Humor is most frequently used when solving problems. However, this may lead to adverse outcomes if the partner?s vulnerabilities are neglected. A sense of humor on a common ground is one of the essential building stones of a sound relationship.This study has been designed to reveal the most common function of sense of humor used by the Turkish and the Spanish in their ?nterpersonal relationships. In-depth interviews conducted with 5 Turks and 5 Spaniards through questions regarding four different styles of humor in HSQ Humor Styles Questionnaire (Martin et al., 2003) form constitute the research methodology of this study. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 268-278 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=069&rid=6563 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006563 Classification-JEL: A39, A30, A39 Keywords: humor, humor styles, interpersonal relationships Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006563 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tomislava Pavic Kramaric Author-Name-First: Tomislava Author-Name-Last: Pavic Kramaric Author-Email: tpavic@oss.unist.hr Author-Workplace-Name: University of Split - University Department for Professional Studies Author-Name: Toni Milun Author-Name-First: Toni Author-Name-Last: Milun Author-Email: toni@tonimilun.com Author-Workplace-Name: Algebra University College Author-Name: Ivan Pavic Author-Name-First: Ivan Author-Name-Last: Pavic Author-Email: pavic@efst.hr Author-Workplace-Name: University of Split - Faculty of Economics Title: Does gender diversity in the boardroom influence Tobin?s Q of Croatian listed firms? Abstract: Gender diversity has attracted attention of scientists and practitioners of different fields. Despite the efforts and progress that has been made towards achieving gender equality in the workplace this has remained the weak point especially in the context of management and supervisory board positions. Therefore, the authors wanted to investigate whether this is true for Croatian listed companies. The hypotheses that women in leading positions has a positive impact on performance Croatian listed companies is tested using Tobin?s Q indicator for the year 2014 whereas explanatory variables comprise different corporate governance variables such as Shannon index, Blau index, gender of the president of the management and supervisory board, share of women etc. The analysis is performed by using different empirical research methods including linear regression. The main findings are that women acting as the presidents of the management board positively influence performance. Moreover, having more women in the management board also has beneficial effects on financial success of the firm. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 279-279 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=070&rid=6623 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006623 Classification-JEL: G00, G19, G30 Keywords: Tobin?s Q; gender diversity; board of directors Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006623 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Iwona Pawlas Author-Name-First: Iwona Author-Name-Last: Pawlas Author-Email: iwona.pawlas@ue.katowice.pl Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics in katowice Title: Internal and external challenges for the European Union in the 21st century Abstract: The European Union is an example of really deep integration. Its gradual enlargement up to 28 member States has resulted in considerable disparities in socio-economic development. Global financial and economic crisis 2008+ additionally complicated the situation of the EU. The year 2015 brought some new challenges for the European Union (influx of migrants being one of the biggest ones). The paper examines selected internal and external challenges which the European Union has to face in the 21st century. The need for new sources of economic growth and competitive and sustainable development was discussed. New activities of the EU employment policy were described. Selected initiatives designed for strengthening Euro zone were analyzed. Ideas that emerge in the EU with regard to immigration crisis were presented. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 280-292 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=071&rid=5871 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4005871 Classification-JEL: F15, F00 Keywords: European Union, regional economic integration, economics, policy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4005871 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chuleewan Praneetham Author-Name-First: Chuleewan Author-Name-Last: Praneetham Author-Email: chuleewansru@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Suratthani Rajabhat University Author-Name: Jaree Phrommana Author-Name-First: Jaree Author-Name-Last: Phrommana Author-Email: reja12@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Suratthani Rajabhat University Author-Name: Prasert Sitthijirapat Author-Name-First: Prasert Author-Name-Last: Sitthijirapat Author-Email: nhue.noon.pr@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Sripatum University Title: Students? Participation in Waste Management at International School of Tourism Abstract: This study was carried out at International School of Tourism of Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani province, Thailand. The study examined the level of awareness, attitude and behavior of students with regard to the environment and their practice in waste management with the development of the waste management activities by the participatory action research (PAR). This study used a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to research. One hundred and twenty-nine students were selected by purposive sampling. The instrument used in this research was self-administered close-ended questionnaire with a five-level rating scale and Pretest-Posttest. The percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that students had good awareness and highly attitude towards the environment. They had good behavior towards the environment. Before and after the PAR process was implemented, awareness and attitude were determined. It was found that there were high statistically significant (p<0.01 and p<0.01) changes in awareness and attitude. Finally, the students proposed activities in sorting out of waste materials for implementation. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 293-298 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=072&rid=6150 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006150 Classification-JEL: Q56 Keywords: participation, waste, waste management, students Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Biruta Pule Author-Name-First: Biruta Author-Name-Last: Pule Author-Email: biruta.pule@ba.lv Author-Workplace-Name: BA School of Business and Finance Author-Name: Gunta Innuse Author-Name-First: Gunta Author-Name-Last: Innuse Author-Email: gunta.innuse@ba.lv Author-Workplace-Name: BA School of Business and Finance Title: The impact of labour tax costs on the company strategic decision making and internal action plan to control tax payment in the company Abstract: The company sustainable development is closely linked with the control of expenses and the ways how to reduce its impact on company cash flow. In Baltic countries business environment is becoming less attractive as a result of tax burden. It encourages tax payers to seek alternative solutions for the reduction of tax burden, especially in relation to labour tax costs and its impact on company cash flow. The article focuses on the assumption that the impact of labour tax costs on business environment in Lithuania and Estonia is much more favourable than in Latvia. Having evaluated labour costs and taking into consideration that they occur under the same production conditions in each of the Baltic countries, we can draw the conclusion that such assumption is false. It cannot be applied in strategic decision making and internal action plan design. When developing tax planning strategy in companies by considering which taxes create the heaviest tax burden, as well as by looking at the ways how it affects investment and company expenses, the calculations have been carried out that lead to the conclusion that tax policy in all Baltic countries and its impact on business environment is similar. Therefore, strategic decision to move business from one territory of the country to another country could turn out to be inefficient. Such decision does not refer to internal action plan of controlling tax payment administration in the company. The analysis indicates significant differences in administration of national taxation. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 299-308 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=073&rid=6118 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006118 Classification-JEL: Keywords: tax burden, labour costs and taxes, management of tax payment Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Patrick Radebe Author-Name-First: Patrick Author-Name-Last: Radebe Author-Email: patrick@vut.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Vaal University of Technology Author-Name: Lizzie Radebe Author-Name-First: Lizzie Author-Name-Last: Radebe Author-Email: lizzie@vut.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Vaal University of Technology Title: The relationship between budgetary factors and the effective application of the budgeting process in public se Abstract: Public institutions such as secondary schools find themselves under pressure to provide effective and efficient services to their constituencies, which is an exercise that calls for more effective budgeting. The current study investigated the extent to which the budgeting process was implemented effectively and the relationship between budgetary factors in the budgeting process in public secondary schools was determined.A survey was used to garner data from educators in public secondary schools. To analyse data exploratory factor analysis, mean testing and correlation analysis were performed. The findings from the study indicated that educators participated in the budgeting process in which budget control and not budget planning was performed. Educators were eager to participate in the budgeting process. The execution of the budgeting process was characterised by co-ordination and communication. The recommendations were training and development should be instituted prior to educators? involvement in the budgeting process and that budget planning should receive attention. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 309-309 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=074&rid=6246 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006246 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: performance based budgeting; zero-based budgeting; devolved budgeting Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006246 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mario Ravioli Author-Name-First: Mario Author-Name-Last: Ravioli Author-Email: raviolimario@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Universitat Rovira i Virgili Title: Minimum quantitative requirements for commercial lending with interest rate caps: The case of Argentina Abstract: In 2012, Argentina passed a regulation imposing a minimum level of commercial lending on large banks. The regulation was meant to boost lending to SMEs in less favored regions via improved credit availability and capped interest rates, with the ultimate goal of spurring private investment. This paper studies two outcomes of the aforementioned regulation. First, using a difference-in- difference setup, it studies the degree to which this regulation fostered credit supplied by those banks affected by the new rules, and the speed of loan creation.Second, it investigates the performance of loans created as a result of the regulation. Overall, the paper highlights the potential bright and dark sides of imposing supply of banking services and products on private banks. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 310-310 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=075&rid=6626 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006626 Classification-JEL: G28, G21, E58 Keywords: Interest rate caps, Priority lending schemes, Directed credit, SMEs Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006626 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marie-Helene Regniere Author-Name-First: Marie-Helene Author-Name-Last: Regniere Author-Email: mariehr1@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Stephen-A.-Jarislowsky Chair in International Business, Laval University Author-Name: Marianne Ivers Author-Name-First: Marianne Author-Name-Last: Ivers Author-Email: zhan.su88@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Laval University Author-Name: Zhan Su Author-Name-First: Zhan Author-Name-Last: Su Author-Email: zhan.su@fsa.ulaval.ca Author-Workplace-Name: Stephen-A.-Jarislowsky Chair in International Business, Laval University Title: A Research Framework for Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Job Performance of Highly Skilled Immigrants Abstract: Given the importance of knowledge as a source of economic growth, Canada, like other industrialized countries, increasingly depends on a pool of highly skilled immigrants (HSIs), to remain competitive. However, the poor adaptation of some HSIs to their new cultural environment remains one major factor to their underperformance (Li, 2010). It is crucial for organizations to efficiently manage the cultural issues and to better help HSIs for their cross-cultural adjustment. This paper aims to propose a research framework with two predictors of cross-cultural adjustment from a theoretical perspective: transformational leadership (TL), and learning goal orientation (LGO). In fact, cross-cultural adjustment is a learning process during which an individual learns the norms and appropriate behaviors so as to function in a different culture. Several studies show that the LGO would constitute an important factor to explain how and why certain individuals adapt more than others in the context of cultural transition (Gong & Chang, 2007; Palthe, 2004). Furthermore, since adaptation is first and foremost a process through which incertitude (or stress) is reduced, the TL in diminishing this stress is a crucial factor (Gill and al., 2010; Gundersen and al., 2012). However, the studies that examine their relationships with cultural adaptation are still rather rare. In the light of existing researches in different fields of social sciences, we propose the following research framework for cross-cultural adjustment and job performance of HSIs in Canada:Hypothesis 1. HSIs who have high levels of cross-cultural adjustment will have high levels of job performance.Hypothesis 2a. LGO is positively correlated to the psychological adjustment of HSIs.Hypothesis 2b. LGO is positively correlated to the socio-cultural adjustment of HSIs.Hypothesis 2c. LGO is positively correlated to the work adjustment of HSIs.Hypothesis 3. LGO is positively correlated to the job performance of HSIs.Hypothesis 4a. TL is positively correlated to the psychological adjustment of HSIs.Hypothesis 4b. TL is positively correlated to the socio-cultural adjustment of HSIs.Hypothesis 4c. TL is positively correlated to the work adjustment of HSIs.Hypothesis 5. TL is positively correlated to the job performance of HSIs.Hypothesis 6: HSIs, under the influence of transformational leaders would have higher levels of LGO.Hypothesis 7. Cross-cultural adjustment moderates the relationship between TL and job performance of HSIs.Hypothesis 8. Cross-cultural adjustment moderates the relationship between LGO and job performance of HSIs. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 311-312 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=076&rid=6606 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006606 Classification-JEL: M54, J24, M19 Keywords: highly skilled immigrants, cross-cultural adjustment, job performance, transformational leadership, learning goal orientation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006606 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ivan Reiner Author-Name-First: ivan Author-Name-Last: Reiner Author-Email: reinerivan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of law, University of Zagreb Title: Price of the environment in the context of sustainable development Abstract: This article deals with the problem of the importance of taking into account the "full cost of the environment" and its consequences and implementation of the "environmental cost". How to make modern, free markets work for the environment and how to persuade those liberal markets which have the only goal their profit, to fulfill the next goal, the sustainable development? How to implement in the legal system the principle of "polluter pays" which is obligatory for expressing the full cost of a product? What are the legal instruments (regulations and controls), self-regulation and economic instruments which can achieve socio- political and environmental objective of sustainable development? The paper also gives conclusions based on past experiences and links it with the principles of justice and equality. The goal is to give the theoretical and practical instructions for implementing the ecological cost of the product in its full price and, by doing so, fulfilling the goal of sustainable development. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 313-313 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=077&rid=6175 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006175 Classification-JEL: Keywords: sustainable development; free market; legal system; economic instruments; legal; instruments; self regulation; polluter pays Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Roberto Sanchez Rodriguez Author-Name-First: Roberto Author-Name-Last: Sanchez Rodriguez Author-Email: s.robsan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of California Riverside, Department of Environmental Sciences Title: Reducing vulnerability, preventing disasters, and adapting to climate variability and climate change. Abstract: Reducing vulnerability, preventing disasters and adapting to climate variability and climate change are receiving increasing attention by the international community. Contributions from the international scientific community have expanded knowledge and understanding of these problems, but experiences in communities in developed and developing countries illustrate the difficult transition from conceptual frameworks to successful operational approaches at the local level. This paper presents lessons learned from a recent project in a Mexican city seeking to prevent climate related disasters and to create adaptation to climate variability and climate change within the context of local development. The results of the project stress the importance of a detail and scientifically based analysis of social vulnerability to climate variability and climate change to reduce vulnerability, prevent disasters, and adapt to climate change. The dynamic involvement of local stakeholders along the project illustrates the value of inclusive approaches but also the huge importance of the institutional dimension of climate change adaptation. The presentation compares the lessons from this Mexican city with those in other cities around the world showing that institutional change is one of the major obstacle to adapt to climate change at the local level. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 314-314 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=078&rid=6517 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006517 Classification-JEL: Q54, R58, R14 Keywords: adaptation to climate change, preventing disasters, sustainable development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006517 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Fatih Santas Author-Name-First: Fatih Author-Name-Last: Santas Author-Email: fatihsantas@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Ahmet Kar Author-Name-First: Ahmet Author-Name-Last: Kar Author-Email: ahmetkar67@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Gulcan Kahraman Author-Name-First: Gulcan Author-Name-Last: Kahraman Author-Email: gkahraman@sakarya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Arzu Kursun Author-Name-First: Arzu Author-Name-Last: Kursun Author-Email: akurshun@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Giresun University Title: Perceptual Maps: An Empirical Research on Hospitals Abstract: Competition has increased among all health care providers in the provision of health care services in Turkey with the increasing role of the private sector. Perception management of health care consumers has gained importance. In order to be preferred by health care consumers, it is necessary for managers to determine how the perception of health care organizations. This study aims to determine the perception of health care consumers related to public, university and private hospitals. For this purpose, survey was applied to 283 patients who got health care services in outpatient services in a public hospital in Giresun in Turkey. The study shows that there is a statistically significant relationship between hospital preference of consumers and gender, age, income, health insurance and number of hospital visit last one year. The research demonstrates that consumers perceive private hospitals operating in the city center of Giresun on the first rank at the five dimensions (staff behavior, service quality, physical facilities, reputation and cost to consumer). Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 315-325 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=079&rid=6535 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006535 Classification-JEL: M00, I11 Keywords: Health Care Marketing, Consumer, Perceptual Maps, Hospitals Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006535 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Shelley Saunders Author-Name-First: Shelley Author-Name-Last: Saunders Author-Email: shelley.saunders2@nmmu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) Author-Name: Bomikazi Zeka Author-Name-First: Bomikazi Author-Name-Last: Zeka Author-Email: Bomikazi.Zeka2@nmmu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Title: Factors influencing customer loyalty to family businesses in the Eastern Cape, South Africa Abstract: In today?s competitive business environment, ensuring customer loyalty and the building and maintaining of relationships with customers is important to all businesses, especially family businesses. In South Africa approximately 80% of all businesses have family ownership involvement and more than 60% of all listed companies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Ltd are family businesses. In South Africa. Family businesses are in a unique position to leverage relationship building into a sustainable competitive advantage associated with positive customer referrals, repeat purchases and ultimately, increased profitability. Despite the benefits of building customer relationships, South African businesses are known for poor customer service. Additionally, limited research exists investigating customer loyalty in South African family businesses. Therefore, this paper investigates the factors influencing customer loyalty of family businesses in the Eastern Cape, South African. The sample consisted of customers that purchased a product or service from a family businesses that operate in the boundaries of the Eastern Cape. The statistical analysis was undertaken on 194 usable questionnaires. Factor analysis was undertaken and Cronbach alpha coefficients were calculated to assess the validity and reliability of the measuring instrument. Multiple regression analysis was utilised to investigate the relationships between the independent variables in this study, namely: Trust, Commitment, Two way communication and Conflict handling and the dependent variable Customer loyalty. The empirical findings revealed that Trust, Commitment and Two way communication have a positive significant influence on Customer loyalty. Finally, recommendations based on the findings of the study, are presented to family businesses owners/managers. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 326-339 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=080&rid=6350 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006350 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Customer loyalty; family business; customer-relationship management Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sun Young Shin Author-Name-First: Sun Young Author-Name-Last: Shin Author-Email: kitty1321@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kyungpook National University Author-Name: Chang-Kyo Suh Author-Name-First: Chang-Kyo Author-Name-Last: Suh Author-Email: ck@knu.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Kyungpook National University Title: Evaluation of Broadband Internet Service for Rural Areas in Korea Abstract: Although according to the 2015 OECD survey South Korea ranks number one in broadband internet service in the world, the rural areas in South Korea still lack the enough internet infrastructure to access the national backbone network effectively. Because of the economic feasibility the internet service providers are reluctant to install the broadband internet for the rural areas where less than 50 households live. Recently South Korea has invested lots of efforts to provide broadband access to the rural areas to overcome the digital divide. In this research, to evaluate the performance of broadband internet service for rural areas in South Korea we develop the empirical model based on the information systems success model. Then, we collect the questionnaires from the subscribers who have used the broadband internet service since 2013. Finally, the structural equation model validates the causal relationship between system and/or service quality and performance. The major findings and suggestion for further research will be discussed in the conference in details. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 340-340 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=081&rid=6391 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006391 Classification-JEL: L96, M10, M15 Keywords: System Quality, Service Quality, Broadband Internet Service, Performance Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006391 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hyejin Shin Author-Name-First: Hyejin Author-Name-Last: Shin Author-Email: epoodi@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Author-Name: Insin Kim Author-Name-First: Insin Author-Name-Last: Kim Author-Email: Insinkim@pusan.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Author-Name: Kwangsuk Han Author-Name-First: Kwangsuk Author-Name-Last: Han Author-Email: kshan@pusan.ac.kr Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Author-Name: Nari Hong Author-Name-First: Nari Author-Name-Last: Hong Author-Email: byebye_mine@naver.com Author-Workplace-Name: Pusan National University Title: Critical perceived aging factors in inducing seniors? online travel shopping behavior Abstract: The aims of this paper were to 1) investigate important age identity factors in developing seniors? favourable attitude toward online travel shopping, and 2) verify whether seniors? attitude toward online travel shopping has a positive effect on revisit intention. Based on the literature focused on aging, which includes psychological, physical and social age, a structural model was proposed. The data gathered from seniors who had ever purchased travel goods via online shopping in U.S. were analysed utilizing structural equation modelling (SEM) in order to test the conceptual model empirically. The results of this study demonstrated that the younger the seniors? psychological and social age are, the more favorable their attitude toward online travel shopping is. However physical age does not have impact on seniors? attitude to online travel shopping. Moreover, seniors? online travel shopping attitude has a significant and positive effect on revisit intention. This study provides academic implications to researchers on online consumer behavior and several useful implications are discussed for e-marketers. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 341-341 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=082&rid=6434 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006434 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Seniors; Online travel shopping, Revisit intention Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006434 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Parinyaporn Sinnoo Author-Name-First: Parinyaporn Author-Name-Last: Sinnoo Author-Email: loveparinyaporn@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Thammasat Universtiy Title: Superstitions Regarding Animals: mutation and reincarnation in a Thai context Abstract: This paper deals with the semiotic meanings of animals which are implemented in terms of social communication, traditional &cultural aspects, literature and psychology & emotional effect. Data was collected from July to December 2015 by using documentary analysis and Google Alerts with the key words ? animal mutation and reincarnation?, interviews with two villagers. (female, age 62 from Nonthaburi and male, age 72 from Nakhon Sri Thammarat). Data were analyzed with a content analysis which involves considering all available information on the subject matter. The superstition concerning animal mutation and incarnation plays an important role in Thai society for two reasons, namely it fulfills the social and psychological needs . It appears that superstition offers semiotic support for believers. The main analysis focuses on Hofstede? s principle of the avoidance of uncertainty and Buddhism which shed light to numerous kinds of superstition in a Thai context. It is hoped that the data now available will be incorporated into a curriculum by those researchers interested in textual, social, culture studies and religions as well. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 342-342 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=083&rid=5833 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4005833 Classification-JEL: N95 Keywords: Superstitions, animal mutation, reincarnation, beliefs in animals in a Thai context Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4005833 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ian Smith Author-Name-First: Ian Author-Name-Last: Smith Author-Email: ian.smith2@stu.mmu.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: Manchester Metropolitan University Title: A study into UK Financial Planners opinions on risk tolerance and risk perception. Abstract: Risk tolerance needs to be assessed before financial planners provide advice on the suitability of investments. Previous studies have questioned whether investors risk tolerance remains stable over time or whether investor?s perception of the risk attached to investments is the factor that varies.This study reviews the methods currently employed by UK Financial Planners following the guidance the UK Regulator published in 2011. The study was based on both online and paper based questionnaires completed by Financial Planners and explores the method used and the planner?s views on the stability of their clients risk tolerance and perceptions of risk over time.56 sets of questionnaires were obtained and the data analysed using SPSS v21. The results showed that two proprietary psychometric based tests were most popular along with planners own in-house systems. The responses of the planners supported the theory that risk profile is a stable personality trait for most people and that their clients perceptions of risk are less stable. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 343-353 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=084&rid=6388 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006388 Classification-JEL: D14, G11, D81 Keywords: Risk tolerance, risk profile, Financial planning, financial advice, personal investment, risk perception Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006388 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Noppamash Suvachart Author-Name-First: Noppamash Author-Name-Last: Suvachart Author-Email: snoppa@kku.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Khon Kaen University Title: Development of a scale to measure the factors of selecting the alternative accommodation Abstract: This paper relates a study designed to develop a scale to measure the factors of selecting the alternative accommodation from the viewpoint of Thai people. Based on the review of the previous literature and studies the research objectives were posed. The important attributes of alternative accommodation were defined in the literature by several scholars from a qualitative perspective. Nevertheless, up to the knowledge of the researcher a quantitative scale to measure these factors was not developed. The instrument consists of 28 variables on which the respondent has to respond on five point scale and 1 open-ended question for other variable as their suggestions. It was found that out of the total sample of 95; only 92 usable responses was returned. The responses of some of the participants were either incomplete or blank. Items with lower standard deviation (SD<1) were selected. In this process out of 28 items, only 24 were selected for the final scale. These items with less SD also happened to have higher mean (3.55, 4.17), this was in line with the concept of homely atmosphere and non-smoking room being always importance accepted by the students. The researcher recommends that this scale should be further tested and investigated on other domains of attributes and countries to further validate the findings. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 354-362 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=085&rid=6239 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006239 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Accommodation, Alternative, Traveler, Measurement, Scale Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006239 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ay?en TEMEL EGINLI Author-Name-First: Ay?en Author-Name-Last: TEMEL EGINLI Author-Email: aysen.temel.eginli@ege.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: EGE University Author-Name: Selma Didem OZSENLER Author-Name-First: Selma Didem Author-Name-Last: OZSENLER Author-Email: selma.didem.ozsenler@ege.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Ege University Title: Interpretations of differences and similarities in intimate partners according to dialectic approach Abstract: Int?mate relationships constitute the most important interpersonal communication area in people?s lives. Communication has a key role in starting, maintaining and mending a relationship. A sound relationship with one?s family, friends, colleagues, etc., is the root of communication goals of a person and it also influences that person?s other relationships. By their nature, human beings want to achieve satisfaction in their relationships and this is often closely related to the need of being loved and approved. In an intimate relationship, each individual improves the welfare of another person. Intimate relationships are communal relationships. Relational dialectics theory explains intimate relationships as the continuous manifestation of new dialectics by the interactions of two different parties, and organization of the relationship by these dynamics. According to Baxter (1993), Baxter and Montgomery (1996), Montgomery and Baxter (1998) and Baxter and Braithwaite (2008), relational dialectics theory focuses on communication dynamics of the relationship and each relationship consists of innate contradictions. These contradictions are conceptualized as dialectics.Intimate partners are the focus of intimate relationships. Dialectic approach considers the relationship between intimate partners as progress and contradiction. Changes may occur and harmony may be achieved in subjects, which are perceived as differences within the process. Contradiction, however, is discussed interdependently and reciprocally, and it deals with closeness and autonomy interactions of partners. While similarities are more evident in the early stages of a relationship (age, education level, social class, activities and interests, personality, cognitive style etc.), individuals begin to realize the differences as the time goes by and these differences constitute the internal and external dialectical contradictions. In this study, the authors attempted to find an answer to the following question: ?How intimate partners make sense of differences and similarities between them?. Therefore, in-depth interviews were conducted with 7 couples/partners and the obtained results were analyzed through qualitative content analysis method. Length: 12 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 363-374 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=086&rid=6555 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006555 Classification-JEL: Z00 Keywords: intimate relationships; intimate partners; relational dialectic approach Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006555 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Micha? Tomczak Author-Name-First: Micha? Author-Name-Last: Tomczak Author-Email: m.tomczak@pollub.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Lublin University of Technology Author-Name: Robert Buco? Author-Name-First: Robert Author-Name-Last: Buco? Author-Email: r.bucon@pollub.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Lublin University of Technology Title: Constructability and plant utilisation: the case of facade scaffolding system selection Abstract: In the process of selecting options of construction methods and organisation of works, buildability is one of key issues that affect project outcomes. The decisions in this respect affect not only the duration of construction processes, but also plant utilisation rates, productivity of crews, work safety and, eventually, economic efficiency. Some systematic procedure of buildability assessment is likely to support the planners in the process of selecting options under a number of criteria and providing aggregated scores that point to the best solution.The paper puts forward a method of multi-attribute assessment for buildability analysis. The proposed procedure of analysis is illustrated by a case of selecting a facade scaffolding. On the basis of opinion surveys among construction engineers, scaffolding systems were assessed and ranked in terms of buildability. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 375-375 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=087&rid=6028 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006028 Classification-JEL: L74, C43 Keywords: Constructability, multi-attribute decision making, scaffolding systems Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006028 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Y-Chun Tsai Author-Name-First: Y-Chun Author-Name-Last: Tsai Author-Email: yctsai@ncnu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Chi-Nan University, Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Resource Department Title: The qualia experience of museum visitors---A case study of National Museum of History, Taiwan Abstract: Along with the trend of experience economy, visitors? affective experiences have been greatly emphasized. The deepest affective experience is ?qualia?, which is defined as a profoundly touching feeling with happiness and durable memory. Qualia experience, which add extra values to products and brands, have been a heated issue in many areas, especially in cultural and creative industry as well as in tourism industry. Although affective inspiration is the most essential value of museums, qualia experience is the concept rarely applied to the field of museum visitor study. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the museum visitors? qualia experience, concerning how do visitors feel, rather than what do they think or have learned. The study adopts National Museum of History, Taiwan, as a case study, in order to fully investigate visitors? qualia experience in the context of the museum. National Museum of History has the history of more than sixty years and is one of the most popular museums in Taiwan. 10 museum visitors and 11 museum volunteers have been interviewed along with the data collection of field observation, photos and the museum documents. The results of the study reveal six heartfelt dimensions including 12 touching factors of triggering visitors? feelings. Suggestions are also made regarding how to improve museum visitors? affective experience. The contributions of this study are twofold. In theory, this study proposes the ideas of qualia experience may shed new light on the discussion of museum visitors study. In practice, the results of the paper suggest museums how to enrich and enhance visitors? qualia experience in the future Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 376-376 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=088&rid=6464 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006464 Classification-JEL: L30 Keywords: museum experience, museum visitor studies, qualia experience , affective experience. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006464 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sorin Tuluca Author-Name-First: Sorin Author-Name-Last: Tuluca Author-Email: tuluca@fdu.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Fairleigh Dickinson University Title: Teaching about the reinvestment rate assumption and conflicts in Capital Budgeting Abstract: Much has been written in finance textbooks and scholarly publications about the capital budgeting methods derived from Discount Cash Flow (DCF) models: Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR) and Profitability Index (PI). However, there is a divergent understanding about the role of the reinvestment rate assumption in some of these models. In this paper I will discuss a number of issues regarding the assumption of the reinvestment rate and clarify its correct usage. This discussion will naturally lead to the Modified Internal Rate of Return as the only method where a reinvestment rate assumption makes sense. In addition, for the first time in the literature I will propose a method of determining if the NPV and MIRR will produce conflicting decisions in advance of the MIRR computation. The literature has a clear method to determine if the there is a conflict between NPV and IRR but no method for the NPV-MIRR conflict is described. Interestingly the Profitability Index will have a role in determining if the NPV and MIRR are in conflict. The paper is useful to all those who teach the topic of capital budgeting in corporate finance courses of any level. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 377-377 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=089&rid=6615 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006615 Classification-JEL: G30, G31 Keywords: Capital Budgeting, NPV, IRR, MIRR, PI, reinvestment rate assumption, ranking conflicts Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006615 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gurkan Tuna Author-Name-First: Gurkan Author-Name-Last: Tuna Author-Email: gurkantuna@trakya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Trakya University Author-Name: Resul Da? Author-Name-First: Resul Author-Name-Last: Da? Author-Email: rdas@firat.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: F?rat University Title: SECURE WEB-BASED COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK FOR SMART HOME SYSTEMS DESIGNED FOR THE ELDERLY AND DISABLED Abstract: As a result of the increasing awareness about common daily problems of the elderly and disabled in recent years, novel technology solutions have been designed and developed. Thanks to smart homes which involve a set of various sensors and devices to make the daily lives of the elderly and disabled easier and provide remote monitoring ability to the family members, nowadays the elderly and disabled stay in their houses instead of assisted-living centres. On the other hand, elderly and disabled people living alone may be exposed to potential security threats. In this study, a framework is proposed in order to achieve secure communication over the Internet. In the proposed framework, information to be transferred is first encrypted using RSA algorithm and then sent to the recipient. For security reasons, after the recipient reads the encrypted information, traces of the communication should be removed. For this objective, before the transfer, the sender determines how many seconds the message will be available to the recipient via a link. When the recipient receives the link, he/she can open the message with the secret key. After the predefined time, the message is deleted from the database used by the framework. The framework can be used to enable confidential messaging between smart home inhabitants and people they would like to communicate. The framework can easily be integrated into smart home control panels or web-based interfaces of smart home systems. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 378-386 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=090&rid=6510 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006510 Classification-JEL: C88, L86, L63 Keywords: Smart homes; web-based communication; information security; the disabled; the elderly. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006510 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ayse Tuna Author-Name-First: Ayse Author-Name-Last: Tuna Author-Email: aysetuna@trakya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Trakya University Author-Name: Resul Da? Author-Name-First: Resul Author-Name-Last: Da? Author-Email: rdas@firat.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: F?rat University Author-Name: Gurkan Tuna Author-Name-First: Gurkan Author-Name-Last: Tuna Author-Email: gurkantuna@trakya.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Trakya University Title: Design and Implementation of a Software Application for Secure Web-Based Communication for People with Speech Disorders Abstract: All people need to communicate with their families, friends, neighbours, and physicians through various communication means. However, there are common barriers to communication needs of mute or/and deaf people, most importantly in terms of the declining sensory and physical abilities. On the other hand, technological advances have led to the development of a variety of new tools and technologies through various communication medium including the Internet for assistive and augmentative communication for individuals with disabilities. Although communication through the Internet seems highly attractive, it poses privacy and security issues. In this paper a web-based secure message transfer application is proposed to address privacy related information security threats directed to software-based communication of mute and deaf people. The proposed application is practical and easy-to-implement, and is based on the integration of cryptology and steganography. With its easy-to-use graphical user interface suitable for different devices, it can easily be used by its potential users for ensuring the privacy and security of their message transfers. The main limitation of the proposed application is that the application requires a public web server and hence may be vulnerable against attacks directed to web servers if required precautions are not taken. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 387-394 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=091&rid=6512 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006512 Classification-JEL: L86, C88 Keywords: Security threats; message security; cryptology; steganography. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006512 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anca Voicu Author-Name-First: Anca Author-Name-Last: Voicu Author-Email: avoicu64@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Rollins College Author-Name: Somnath Sen Author-Name-First: Somnath Author-Name-Last: Sen Author-Email: s.sen@bham.ac.uk Author-Workplace-Name: The University of Birmingham Title: Teaching Macroeconomics after the Financial Crisis Abstract: There is considerable dissatisfaction in the profession regarding the teaching of macroeconomics after the financial crisis. The ?Great Recession? highlighted the inadequacy of traditional macroeconomic modelling, based on real business cycle theory and rational expectations, to appropriately explain why the contraction world-wide was so widespread and why it has been so persistent. Textbooks have been slow to respond to these concerns, possibly because it was believed that this recession would be temporary. In addition, new policy measures such as quantitative easing and the possibility of the zero lower bound in interest rates required a re-orientation of macroeconomics pedagogy. The purpose of this paper is three-fold. First, we sketch and highlight how some of these policy issues could be explained within a traditional Keynesian macromodel. However, such formal presentation to students quickly becomes arid, so to sustain interest we need to supplement the core analytical material with innovative pedagogic strategies which needs interactive student participation. The second purpose of the paper is to give examples of such teaching methods that we have used: the use of video material; utilization of websites from news media; film screening and in-class discussion (Inside the Meltdown); flipping the classroom; playing monetary policy games; as well as, organizing a debate between the proponents of Keynesian ideas and neoclassical models in solving the long recession. Our approach is a synthesis of traditional teaching of economic models with blended learning methods. The third purpose of the paper is to evaluate an early presentation of this method and content to students and how they responded to such an approach. Our pedagogic approach is not vastly different from what policy institutions such as Central Banks are thinking. Consider the following quote from a highly rated British macroeconomist, Professor Wilhem Buiter, on the applications of monetary policy by the Bank of England: ?The Bank of England in 2007 faced the onset of the credit crunch with too much Robert Lucas, Michael Woodford and Robert Merton in its intellectual cupboard. A drastic but chaotic re-education took place and is continuing. I believe that the Bank has by now shed the conventional wisdom of the typical macroeconomics training of the past few decades. In its place is an intellectual potpourri of factoids, partial theories, empirical regularities without firm theoretical foundations, hunches, intuitions and half-developed insights. It is not much, but knowing that you know nothing is the beginning of wisdom?. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 395-395 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=092&rid=6445 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006445 Classification-JEL: A00, A22 Keywords: macroeconomics, Great Recession, teaching methods Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006445 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yu-Hui Wang Author-Name-First: Yu-Hui Author-Name-Last: Wang Author-Email: isecho@ntut.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: National Taipei University of Technology Author-Name: Tzu-han Chow Author-Name-First: Tzu-han Author-Name-Last: Chow Author-Email: chowtzuhan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: National Taipei University of Technology Title: Applying Patent Intelligence to Explore the Technology Evolution Abstract: Voice data transmission is an important revenue source for mobile communications operators. VoLTE is the technology driver of the growth for 4G LTE voice data transmission. The first wave of VoLTE-enabled devices became commercially available between 2014 and 2016. To understand the global development of VoLTE technology, this study examines VoLTE patent portfolios and identifies area for VoLTE patent applications and commercialization. We recommend that mobile communications companies establish a competitive advantage with VoLTE technology leadership prior to the year 2018. All manufacturers should act expeditiously to develop patent protection for the next generation of voice communications technology. This research provides mobile-telecom service providers, mobile network operators, and terminal equipment manufacturers with an understanding of the VoLTE technology frontier and the competitive status of emerging innovations. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 396-403 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=093&rid=6322 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006322 Classification-JEL: O32, O34 Keywords: Signal processing, Patent intelligence, Patent map Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: YAN WANG Author-Name-First: YAN Author-Name-Last: WANG Author-Email: ywang@ipm.edu.mo Author-Workplace-Name: Macao Polytechnic Institute Title: The Evaluation Methods for Evidence-based Nursing Teaching Abstract: Objective: Nurses educator used evidence-based methods to improve students critical-thinking and problem-solving ability. But there were no standard methods to evaluate the effects of evidence-based teaching. This article was to reviewed the evaluation methods used in recently evidence-based nursing teaching. Method: Using the keywords of " evidence-based nursing ","education", "evaluation", related papers published in recent five years were researched in the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Science Direct, OVID, and Chinese Academic Database. Result: Ninety-two paper were found. The evaluation methods used in these researches were classified into Defocused and Focused methods. The Defocused methods, was to evaluate the mastering of nursing theory or the degree of nursing skills efficiency, or the nursing quality index. It was not to test students' evidence-based ability directly. The Focused methods, focusing on the steps of evidence-based practices, strived for evaluate the evidence-based ability. The evidence-based ability training maybe complex, for it involved the basic theories form medical-surgical nursing, statistics and research design. The evaluation method should be choose according to the students' degree. At the beginning, the teaching object was to build up the evidence-based idea in students' head, so defoused method was suitable for the junior bachelor students. At the end, the teaching object required students to practice evidence-based ability, focused method was suitable for the senior bachelor students, master or doctoral students, or clinical nurses.Conclusion: Nursing educators should choose suitable evaluation methods according to different teaching objectives. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 404-404 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=094&rid=5948 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4005948 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Evidence-based nursing teaching, Effects, Evaluation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4005948 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ju-Chuan Wu Author-Name-First: Ju-Chuan Author-Name-Last: Wu Author-Email: katejcwu@mail.fcu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Administration, Feng Chia University Author-Name: Chih-Jou Chen Author-Name-First: Chih-Jou Author-Name-Last: Chen Author-Email: benson@gms.npu.edu.tw Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Marketing and Logistics Management, National Penghu University of Science and Technology Title: The Effect of attitude toward aging on ICT adoption: the Readiness of user Abstract: Due to progression of modern medication and technology, the average life span is extending, pursuing high-quality, healthy and long life growing to an old age is more desirable than ever. Taiwan is one of the fastest growing aging countries in Asia, in addition to the problem of an aging population; birth rate is also very low, nursing and elderly care might affect our financial and economic development. This research aims to explore the current situation of aging society, the gap between user?s attitude toward aging and the ICT needs for better performance of ICT innovative products and (or) service. In this study, the proposed model is composed the concepts of attitude toward aging, Innovation Diffusion Theory, and User?s Informational-Based Readiness. The research findings show that be helpful to the further application, cross-field cooperation, and long-term development between ICT and elderly service industry. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 405-405 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=095&rid=6572 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006572 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Aging in Place, Attitude toward aging, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Service Innovation, Innovation Diffusion Theory Technology Readiness, User?s Informational-Based Readiness Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006572 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Diteboho Xaba Author-Name-First: Diteboho Author-Name-Last: Xaba Author-Email: diteboho.xaba@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Tshepiso Tsoku Author-Name-First: Tshepiso Author-Name-Last: Tsoku Author-Email: johannes.tsoku@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Author-Name: Teboho Mosikari Author-Name-First: Teboho Author-Name-Last: Mosikari Author-Email: teboho.mosikari@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University Title: Identifying Regime Shifts in South African Exchange rates Abstract: Linear time series models are not able to capture the behaviour of many financial time series, as in the cases of inflation rates, exchange rates and stock prices data. To overcome this problem, nonlinear time series models are typically designed to capture these nonlinear features in the data. In this paper, we use portmanteau test and likelihood ratio test (LR) test to detect nonlinear feature and to justify the use of 2-regime Markov switching autoregressive model (MS-AR) in South Africa exchange rate between 1995 and 2013. For model selection criteria (AIC and SBC) were used and for identifying best model error matrix such as MEA and MSE were used. The study compared the in-sample fitting between linear model and Markov switching model. From the error matrix (MEA and MSE) values, it is found that the MS ?AR(3) model is the best fitted model for exchange rate. In addition, the regime switching model also found to perform better than simple autoregressive model in in-sample fitting. This result justified that nonlinear model give better in-sample fitting than linear model. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 406-414 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=096&rid=5943 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4005943 Classification-JEL: C19, C50 Keywords: stationarity; nonlinear model; exchange rates Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4005943 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Süleyman Hakan Y?lmaz Author-Name-First: Süleyman Hakan Author-Name-Last: Y?lmaz Author-Email: shakany@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Author-Name: Yasemin Gül?en Y?lmaz Author-Name-First: Yasemin Author-Name-Last: Gül?en Y?lmaz Author-Email: yasegulsen@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Selcuk University Communication Faculty Title: Hate Speech through Fake Accounts on Social Media; Unaddressed Hate Abstract: Each period of history is, concurrently, separated from others by communication techniques and environments. At the same time, communication environment reveals the differences and similarities between a certain historical period and other periods. The age we live in is different compared to other historical periods because of a communication environment based on high technology. The most important differences of this age are the communication tools based on high technology and the internet which enables a social, economic and communal revolution. This study discusses the social media which the newest and the most efficient of these communication environments. Fake accounts, in other words, pseudo accounts, create through the social media and hate speeches released into publication through these accounts are being discussed and analysed. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 415-427 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=097&rid=6381 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006381 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Communication, the internet, social media, hate speech, fake account Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tae Seok Yong Author-Name-First: Tae Seok Author-Name-Last: Yong Author-Email: sts1110@hanmail.net Author-Workplace-Name: KISTEP(Korea Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning) Title: A comparative study on nuclear energy policy decision-making Abstract: Today many countries are operating nuclear power plants. According to the 2014 IAEA report, there are 438 operational nuclear power reactors in 30 countries. By the way, there has been a change of nuclear energy policy decision-making in many countries after Fukushima nuclear power plant accident. Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, Germany shut down the old generation of nuclear reactors and pledged to close the rest by 2022. Switzerland has banned the construction of new reactors. Belgium is considering phasing out its nuclear plants. On the other hand, France decided to extend the life of existing nuclear reactors. A fifth new reactor is under construction in Finland(https://en.wikipedia.org).How can national nuclear energy policy decision-making to the same external shock be so different? This study attempts to answer this question. First of all, this study examines determinants influencing on nuclear energy policy decision-making, such as energy security, climate change, public acceptance, etc. And this study discovers that the complex causal condition of the determinants of policy decision-making. This study is expected to give substantive and comprehensive information for nuclear energy policy decision makers. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 428-428 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=098&rid=6296 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006296 Classification-JEL: Keywords: nuclear energy, policy decision-making, policy change, comparative study Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006296 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Arkadiusz Zalewski Author-Name-First: Arkadiusz Author-Name-Last: Zalewski Author-Email: arkadiusz.zalewski@ierigz.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics National Research Institute Title: Regional differences in the level of consumption of mineral fertilizers in Poland Abstract: The article studied regional differences in the level of fertilization in Poland. Analyzed the potential factors influencing the differences in fertilization between voivodeships. In order to study regional differentiation in mineral fertilizers used cluster analysis (Ward's method). As a result of grouping objects received five clusters of of voivodeships. A group of of voivodeships differed in terms of the proposed features, while the voivodeships within the group were characterized by similar values of variables. The voivodship with the highest level of mineral fertilization characterized by the largest area of farms, the largest share of sowings in the agricultural area, the largest share of farms specializing in field crops and the largest level of calcium fertilization. It may be assumed that the farmers of these voivodeships have obtained the best results from agricultural activities, which favored investing in agricultural inputs. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 429-429 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=099&rid=6616 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006616 Classification-JEL: Keywords: consumption, mineral fertilizers, agricultural Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006616 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Bomikazi Zeka Author-Name-First: Bomikazi Author-Name-Last: Zeka Author-Email: bzeka@nmmu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Author-Name: Mtonhodzi Matchaba-Hove Author-Name-First: Mtonhodzi Author-Name-Last: Matchaba-Hove Author-Email: Tony.Matchaba-hove@nmmu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Title: Determining retirement intentions: a study of working individuals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa Abstract: Many South Africans reach retirement age without adequate retirement provisions. Prior research has indicated that only 6% of the South African population can afford to retire. The rest of the population are forced to continue working past the normal retirement age. Alternatively, South Africans have to depend on their family, friends and the South African government for income during retirement. This is possibly caused by the fact that planning for retirement is a priority only later in one?s life. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that influence the retirement intentions of working individuals. A hypothesised model for aiding this investigation was constructed and included variables identified through a thorough review of the literature. The variables illustrated in the hypothesised model were grouped as follows:?independent variables (financial planner?s role, retirement knowledge; personal and financial circumstances) and ?dependent variable (retirement intentions).An exploratory factor analysis was undertaken and Cronbach?s Alpha coefficients were calculated to assess the validity and the reliability of the measuring instrument. A regression analysis was undertaken to test the hypothesised relationships. Based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis, all the independent variables retained their original definitions, however, the dependent variable (retirement intentions) was re-operationalised to retirement planning intentions. The findings of this study revealed that the role of a financial planner is instrumental in determining the retirement planning intentions of individuals and their retirement knowledge has a significantly positive influence on their intention to plan for their retirement. It is recommended that individuals seek the advice of a professional financial planner regarding their retirement planning to ensure that individuals meet their personal retirement goals and objectives. Through the guidance of a financial planner, individuals may also gain more confidence and knowledge about their financial situation at retirement, which may also assist in determining when they intend to retire and to ensure they are not financially destitute at retirement. Length: 16 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 430-445 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=100&rid=6304 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006304 Classification-JEL: J26 Keywords: financial circumstances; financial planner?s role; personal circumstances; retirement intentions; retirement knowledge Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006304 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Bomikazi Zeka Author-Name-First: Bomikazi Author-Name-Last: Zeka Author-Email: bzeka@nmmu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Title: Factors influencing the retirement savings of individuals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa Abstract: The state of saving in South Africa is known to be far from adequate. Prior research has shown that few South Africans have access to an affordable retirement funding vehicle and that more than half of the individuals contributing to retirement funds will have less than 28% of their final salary at retirement age (Nicholson 2013; National Treasury 2012:7). Through previous research, it has been shown that due to inadequate retirement savings, individuals are compelled to re-join the work force even once they have reached retirement age. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that influence the retirement savings of individuals. A hypothesised model for aiding this investigation was constructed and included variables identified through a thorough review of the literature. The variables illustrated in the hypothesised model were grouped as follows:?independent variables (financial literacy, future time perspective; level of retirement planning and sources of financial advice) ?dependent variable (retirement savings).To determine the validity of the measuring instrument, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was undertaken and to assess the reliability of the measuring instrument, Cronbach?s Alpha coefficients were calculated. Pearson?s Product Moment Correlation coefficients were also calculated to determine the correlations between the variables. Pearson?s Product Moment Correlation coefficients were also calculated to ensure that multicollinearity was not present in the study. A regression analysis was undertaken to test the hypothesised relationships. Based on the results of the EFA, the independent variables (level of retirement planning and sources of financial advice) and the dependent variable (retirement savings) retained their original definitions. However, the EFA also revealed that several of the items originally intended to measure the independent variables (financial literacy and future time perspective) as two separate constructs, loaded together onto one factor. The findings of this study revealed that if an individual is financial literate and is mindful of the future, the greater the likelihood that an individual will save for retirement. Therefore, it is recommended that institutions such as schools and places of employment offer educational programmes geared towards improving individuals? financial literacy. Furthermore, the study found that individuals that actively plan for their retirement are more likely to save for their retirement. It is therefore recommended that individuals save as soon as possible for their retirement as individuals that plan for retirement have more control over their finances and are also more likely to be financially independent at retirement. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2016-08 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona, Aug 2016, pages 446-459 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/24th-international-academic-conference-barcelona/table-of-content/detail?cid=40&iid=101&rid=6374 File-Function: First version, 2016 Number: 4006374 Classification-JEL: J26 Keywords: financial advice; financial literacy, future time perspective, level of retirement planning; retirement savings Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:4006374