Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Arpit Agarwal Author-Name-First: Arpit Author-Name-Last: Agarwal Author-Email: arpitagarwal.law@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hidayatullah National Law University Title: Technology and Legal Practice: A Revolutionary Nexus Abstract: Humans, as a race, have been persistently pushing themselves to ensure that the future which awaits us to be more tech-savvy and lesser labour-oriented. Pervasion of technology and scientific innovations has ensured that minimal reliance be made upon human efforts. It would, thus not be farfetched to assert that today we have more faith in the efficacy of such inventions than on self-efforts and rightly so, for the accuracy and sharpness being offered by such tools of modern era are well beyond comparison to those reflected by the efforts of homo sapiens.A conscious shift of the litigation sector towards technology has resulted in providing this already thriving industry with further impetus and has brought with itself manifold boons, be it in the form of research expediency, administrative purposes, file management, or even in predicting the favourability of the expected judgement. Also, it has led to the advent of ancillary sector in the form of those providing necessary interface and software environment for the aforesaid purposes. Technology has transgressed the legal sector not merely in the form of necessary software equipment; but even the development of other aspects of technology like computer hardware, Internet, E-Mail, Mobile Devices, and quite recently, Cloud services have been playing their own significant part. However, technological invasion has also had its share of disadvantages in the form of increased privacy risk and vulnerability of computer systems to name a few.This paper thus, intends to deal at length with the history of technological development in the legal domain and highlight the advantages, the disadvantages, hindrances and future prospects of it. It also seeks to answer pertinent questions like: ?Will it affect the paralegal sector?? ?Can it supersede the role of a litigator?? ?How far can it economize litigation practice?? Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 1-1 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=001&rid=10708 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010708 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Technology, Economize, Paralegal, Litigation. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010708 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Hossam Alakhrass Author-Name-First: Hossam Author-Name-Last: Alakhrass Author-Email: drhossamk@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Imperial College London Title: Effective Public Health Twitter Messaging in a Diabetes Health Promotion Campaign Abstract: Local health departments have been challenged to find effective ways of conducting health promotion using social media. Because 40% of Twitter accounts in the Arab region originate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Twitter was chosen as the social media platform for the KSA Ministry of Health?s (MoH?s) ?Do Not Wait for Diabetes? (DNWD) health promotion campaign which began in November 2017. The existing Twitter account for the MoH?s National Diabetes Prevention and Control Program (NDPCP) was assigned to a doctoral student who is advised by a team with diabetes expertise that approves tweets before they are sent. Experiments with techniques to increase the number of ?impressions? (number of times the tweet is seen) and ?engagements? (the number of times an account engages with a tweet) were conducted. Twitter analytics is used to assess these techniques? efficacy. To promote diabetes-related events in particular geographic areas, tweets about these events can mention other local area accounts, such as for schools and local healthcare facilities. The NDPCP account has gained credibility and visibility through high-profile accounts with many followers retweeting the NDPCP tweets. Creating high-quality tweets that meet the information needs of users has also increased both impressions and engagements. Although the account continues to send approximately 2-3 tweets per day, the use of these techniques has increased impressions and engagements by over 100% monthly. Follow-up studies are planned to see if the DNWD Twitter campaign is associated with an increase in diabetes screenings at MoH healthcare facilities. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 2-2 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=002&rid=11373 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011373 Classification-JEL: I10 Keywords: Diabetes, mobile health, Twitter, public health Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: REEM ALQADIRI Author-Name-First: REEM Author-Name-Last: ALQADIRI Author-Email: alqadeeri.reem@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gulf University of Science and Technology Author-Name: MANAL ALMUSFER Author-Name-First: MANAL Author-Name-Last: ALMUSFER Author-Email: manal.kw@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Gulf University of Science and Technology Author-Name: Khaled AlMawazini Author-Name-First: Khaled Author-Name-Last: AlMawazini Author-Email: Mawazini.k@gust.edu.kw Author-Workplace-Name: Gulf University for Science and Technology Title: New Islamic Economic Index Abstract: The Islamic economic index developed by Rehman and Askari (2010) has many limitations. This paper proposes new Islamic economic index and overcomes the limitations of Rehman and Askari (2010). Our proposed index IFI index is constructed by using principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA allows us to reduce the correlated observed variables to a smaller set of independent composite variables. Our proposed index has three main areas, namely, economic opportunities, economic freedom and social infrastructure. Our main result surprisingly shows that the first 15 countries out of a total of 132 countries are not part of the organization of Islamic cooperation, where Finland topped up the first place in the application of indicators of the Islamic economy for 2016. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 3-3 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=003&rid=10770 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010770 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Islamic Economic; Voice and Accountability; Government Effectiveness; Regulatory Quality; Rule of Law; Control of Corruption; Gender Equality; Human Development; Islamic Finance Country; Monopoly Index. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010770 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: NIYATI BHANJA Author-Name-First: NIYATI Author-Name-Last: BHANJA Author-Email: niyati.bhanja@micamail.in Author-Workplace-Name: MICA-The School of Ideas Title: Do Global Crude Oil Markets Behave as One Great Pool? Abstract: In energy economics literature, the controversial assertion of whether crude oil markets are regionalized (Weiner; 1991) or behave as one unified entity (Adelman; 1984) is still an unsettled debate. While the proponents of globalization hypothesis trust that the crude oil markets behave as one big pool, the advocates of regionalization believe that they are segmented. The recent years? experience with the growing price spread between West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent Crude, the two most influential light crude oil benchmarks of North America and Europe respectively, the debate has specifically become a point of discussion and deliberation within international energy forums.. Globalization in crude oil markets refers to the presence of strong co-movements. On the contrary, if the markets are fragmented and display least association, they are considered to be regionalised. An insight into the nature of the global oil market is critical in understanding the dynamics of international crude oil prices as well as its economic and financial implications. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 4-4 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=004&rid=10482 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010482 Classification-JEL: F42, F69 Keywords: Crude Oil, Globalization, Regionalization, Wavelet Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Charu Bhurat Author-Name-First: Charu Author-Name-Last: Bhurat Author-Email: charu.bhurat@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: SVKM?s NMIMS Anil Surendra Modi School of Commerce Title: BRICS NATIONS AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE BRICS NATIONS USING VARIOUS FINANICAL INCLUSION INDICATORS Abstract: Financial inclusion means providing access to financial services at affordable cost to all individuals and businesses especially to the vulnerable and weaker income groups. This paper aims to examine the concept of financial inclusion and its relevance with respect to the world?s emerging economies Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). The BRICS nations have been the growth drivers of the world economy and higher financial inclusion means a better level of socio-economic development. Various financial inclusion indicators from The Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI) have been used to compare data of these countries. With the help of this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the state of financial inclusion and digital financial services amongst BRICS nations. Also, the BRICS nations have been compared in terms of income as well as gender disparity for various financial inclusion indicators. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 5-22 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=005&rid=11574 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011574 Classification-JEL: E02, E44, F33 Keywords: BRICS, Financial inclusion, digital transactions, banking Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011574 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mei-chun Cheung Author-Name-First: Mei-chun Author-Name-Last: Cheung Author-Email: meichun@swk.cuhk.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: The Chinese University of Hong Kong Author-Name: Joanne Yip Author-Name-First: Joanne Author-Name-Last: Yip Author-Email: joanne.yip@polyu.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Author-Name: Charlotte Sze-ham Wong Author-Name-First: Charlotte Sze-ham Author-Name-Last: Wong Author-Email: charlotte.sh.wong@polyu.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Title: Quality of Life among Young Female Adolescents with Regular Daily Use of Electronic/Video Games in Hong Kong Abstract: Playing electronic/video games has gradually become an important part of leisure and social activities for people of all ages. Apart from its popularity, long duration of electronic/video game use have been identified as an important factor contributing towards a sedentary lifestyle in adolescents and children in many countries. This study further investigated its influence on the physical and mental/psychological domains of the quality of life in young female adolescents in Hong Kong. A total of 366 young female adolescents (mean age: 11.85 ± 0.51; range 11- 14 years old) were recruited from local secondary schools in Hong Kong Their physical and mental/psychological domains of the quality of life was measured by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The SF-36 consisted of eight domains: (1) physical functioning, (2) role limitation due to physical health problems (3) bodily pain, (4) general health, (5) vitality (energy/fatigue), (6) social functioning, (7) role limitation due to emotional problems, and (8) mental health. Their daily average duration of electronic/video games during recent month was asked and their quality of life was then compared between three groups based on their daily average duration of usage (group 1, n = 106: never/rarely; group 2, n = 147: 1 hour or less/day; group 3, n = 113: 2 hours or more/day). The results suggested that as compared with both groups 1 & 2, group 3 had significantly lower scores on the mental/psychological domains of SF-36, including mental health, social functioning, vitality and role limitation due to emotional problems (p < 0.05). Therefore, poorer mental/psychological functioning was observed in young female adolescents who were regular daily users of electronic/video games for 2 hours or more. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 23-23 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=006&rid=11280 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011280 Classification-JEL: Keywords: electronic/video games, quality of life, young female adolescents Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: David Chui Author-Name-First: David Author-Name-Last: Chui Author-Email: davidchui@hsu.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong Title: An Anomaly in Hong Kong Stock Market Abstract: The Eastern market wisdom of ?May is poor, June is bleak, and July will turn around? unveils an international stock markets dynamic that lower returns in May followed by even worse return in June but rebounding back to an upward trend in July. This wisdom is termed as ?Eastern Halloween? effect in this paper which has some similarities with the traditional Halloween Effect but differing in duration and timing. This paper examines the Eastern Halloween effect on Hong Kong stock market and the results show that May and June period returns are superior than the returns on the rest of the calendar months in Hong Kong Stock Market. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 24-24 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=007&rid=11177 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011177 Classification-JEL: G14, G31, G02 Keywords: EMH, Stock Market Anomaly, Empirical, Eastern Halloween Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011177 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sonia Dalmia Author-Name-First: Sonia Author-Name-Last: Dalmia Author-Email: dalmias@gvsu.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Grand Valley State University Title: A Comparison of Marital Matching in First and Second Marriages Abstract: Data from the U.S. Census Bureau reveal that in 2013, four-in-ten new marriages included at least one partner who had been married before, and two-in-ten new marriages were between people who had both previously stepped down the aisle. Although, the incidence of remarriage has increased, equilibrium sorting in second marriages has received far less attention in the literature compared to matching patterns in first marriages. Understanding the sorting process is useful since the quality of marital matches influences many economic and social outcomes such as marital stability, fertility, child welfare, income distribution within and across families and labor supply decisions. Furthermore, it is likely that these outcomes may change over time as the maturing process following the first marriage may alter the selection criteria and have a disparate effect on assortative mating patterns in subsequent marriages. Although, a considerable number of studies have examined the factors affecting the time and propensity to remarry, studies on the marital matching process in remarriages are few, not current, have small sample sizes and lack advanced empirical techniques. This paper constructs an empirical model of spouse selection based on Becker?s efficient marriage market hypothesis, in which optimal assignments of marriage partners are derived from maximizing the household output function. By specifying a marital production function and introducing the influence of multiple individual characteristics simultaneously in the matching technology, this paper creates a matching algorithm and uses the estimated parameters to not only assess patterns of assortative mating, but also to isolate factors that drive matching behaviors in first and second marriages.Using a nationally representative multi-cohort longitudinal data of newly admitted legal immigrants and their children to the United States, this paper finds support for Becker?s predictions of positive assortative mating on all observable traits. Results reveal that while the outcome of the process of mate selection is driven almost entirely by the economic assets of the male, his income, in the first marriage, the noneconomic assets of the male, his age, play a bigger role in the second marriage. Although the emphasis on female age increases with the second marriage, female age, a proxy, for reproductive potential, remains the main driver of the selection process. Overall, results indicate that the selection criteria changes more for women than for men with higher order of marriage. Finally, the equilibrium sorting indicates that the incidence of likes marrying likes increases significantly with the second marriage. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 25-25 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=008&rid=10694 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010694 Classification-JEL: C61, C78, D13 Keywords: Marital assignments, division of labor, market efficiency Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010694 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Wanda Dugiel Author-Name-First: Wanda Author-Name-Last: Dugiel Author-Email: wdugie@sgh.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Warsaw School of Economics Author-Name: Magdalena Miko?ajek-Gocejna Author-Name-First: Magdalena Author-Name-Last: Miko?ajek-Gocejna Author-Email: magdalena.mikolajek-gocejna@sgh.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Warsaw School of Economics Title: Trade policy of the United States and China in the new era of trade wars: macroeconomic and behavioral approach Abstract: The aim of the paper is to analyze the causes and effects of the growing protectionist tendencies in the US trade policy during the Donald Trump Presidency and the course of retaliatory actions of states, in particular China, in response to the increase of tariffs by the United States, for the development of international trade.The study uses statistical data on the dynamics of international trade, trade exchange between trading partners, the level of tariffs, real GDP, the importance of industries covered by the trade war, in the economies of the United States, China and the European Union.The analysis covers the motives of the United States in trade policy in 2018-2019, both in economic and behavioral terms, in particular the problem of market imperfections, the crisis of homoeconomicus in the face of growing dissatisfaction of societies in developed countries from pressure to further liberalization of the international trade, with financial constraints in politics social. At the heart of President Trump's protectionist actions were many of the same reasons that led to the waning US interest in further multilateral liberalization in the WTO. The study uses statistical data, formulates a case study regarding the efficiency of the commercial dispute resolution system in the World Trade Organization (WTO). The study also uses a historical method. The comparative analysis concerns the contemporary trade conflict between the United States and China and the course and effects of the introduction of the Smoot-Hawley Act for trade in the United States in 1930. The economic and social effects of the US trade wars with China and other trading partners, including the European Union, will become visible in the short run by 2020. Most of these effects will affect production levels, domestic prices, trade, GDP, social policy in The United States, which in future will be reviewing, trade policy tools in bilateral trade relation, with less involvement in WTO initiatives.Controlled retaliation of US trading partners, China's conciliatory trade policy of unilateral concessions to China's access to the US market limits the likelihood of a global trade war, whose negative effects would affect most countries around the world. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 26-26 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=009&rid=11284 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011284 Classification-JEL: F02, F13 Keywords: trade wars, Section 232, protectionism, United States, homoeconomicus Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Dunga Author-Name-First: Steven Author-Name-Last: Dunga Author-Email: steve.dunga@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, South Africa Author-Name: Lerato Mothibi Author-Name-First: Lerato Author-Name-Last: Mothibi Author-Email: lerato.mothibi@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University, Vaal Triangle Campus Title: EDUCATION AND EARNINGS IN SOUTH AFRICA: AN APPLICATION OF THE MINCERIAN FUNCTION Abstract: The understanding of the interaction between education and income can never be exhausted, mainly because education remains the leading mechanism for upward social mobility. The argument is that people with higher levels of income are more likely to earn a higher income that those with lower level of education, that?s the rule, although there maybe exceptions to the rule, the numbers for such cases are arguable small. However, there exists differences in the extent to which education influences income, earnings differentials exist by countries and social groups. This paper uses data published in 2017 by Statistics South Africa collected in the general household survey (GHS) which interviewed 72291 individuals across all the 9 provinces of the country. Using a mincerian function the paper estimates returns to education in South Africa. The results show that as expected, there is a positive relationship between education and earnings. The regression results also showed that based on the South African Household data, there is significant difference by race and gender. The results set a basis for re-examining the measurement of the variable used to capture education. The fact that a unit change in years of education is used needs to be changed so that different levels of education a weighted correctly. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 27-37 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=010&rid=10584 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010584 Classification-JEL: A10, C50 Keywords: Earnings, returns to education; Human capital Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010584 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Henry Dunga Author-Name-First: Steven Henry Author-Name-Last: Dunga Author-Email: steve.dunga@nwu.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: North West University, Vaal Triangle Campus Title: Housing insecurity measure, a development of a validated scale using household data Abstract: Based on the literature analysis, housing insecurity does not have a universally validated measure or scale that can be used across societies and contexts to measure housing insecurity. The literature on housing and housing insecurity is marred with individualised preferences of what individual researchers or organisations appropriate to measure housing insecurity. This paper takes the first step of proposing a scale of measuring housing insecurity that can be adopted for any context be it in developed countries or developing societies. The paper recognises the economic thinking that claims that the tools of mathematics are not always appropriate in the analysis of social reality (Lawson 2015) hence cognisance of the fact that functions and calculus are not always the best, this paper still makes use of mathematical calculations involving weights and still relies on the development of constructs that can be useful in explaining the reality of housing insecurity. We ask the question, to what extent is the ontology of housing so abstract that the numbers can be misleading? It is argued in this paper that the conception of reality and hence housing insecurity can still depend on the mathematical tools to understand the ontology of housing insecurity. Going deeper this paper does not claim to belong to the pluralism, or neoclassical thought, but as anticipated, devoid of that discourse and make use and hence benefit from both mainstream economic theory and aspects utilised by the pluralist school of thought and hence makes reference to the ontology of economics. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 38-46 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=011&rid=10627 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010627 Classification-JEL: A10, A13, B41 Keywords: housing insecurity; validated scale; household; poverty Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010627 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: HANNAH DUNGA Author-Name-First: HANNAH Author-Name-Last: DUNGA Author-Email: hannahd@vut.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Title: The impact of technological revolution on poverty: a case of South Africa Abstract: The world has experienced a massive transformation since the establishment of the first industrial revolution which seemed as a breakthrough for humankind. The first industrial revolution transformed from an agrarian and handcraft world to the use of machines that were powered by water and steam. This was followed by what is called the second and subsequently the third industrial revolution the two led to an establishment of electric power to create mass production and the use of electronics and information technology to automate production. In a short while technology evolved rapidly birthing what is so called the current fourth industrial revolution. Unlike the past three evolutions, the fourth industrial revolution has rapidly transformed the way of life to a sophisticated digitalized world where everything is made instant. In as far as such improvements in the technological sphere are important, the fourth industrial revolution is receiving so much critic in most industries, this paper highlights the effects of the fourth industrial revolution on the poor people or those on the boundary of poverty. The premise of the paper is that Industry 4.0 as it is also known, has made life better and easier for those that are involved and has paradoxically made the gap between the educated and the uneducated even wider. The usage of technological advancements is associated with income in a way that those that do not have access to such income as would enable them to afford any technological gadget and hence know how, are left behind by unprecedented gaps. This paper therefore analyses the relationship between technological advances proxied by access to cell phone and data, and poverty in South Africa. To achieve this the paper will employ data obtained from 2017 General household survey data from STATS SA. The apriori expectation is that households that are able to move with technology do so at very high opportunity cost and hence may trade off technology with basic needs that end up pushing them deeper into poverty. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 47-57 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=012&rid=10709 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010709 Classification-JEL: I30 Keywords: Fourth industrial revolution; poverty; technology; households; trade-off Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010709 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: HANNAH DUNGA Author-Name-First: HANNAH Author-Name-Last: DUNGA Author-Email: hannahd@vut.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Title: A critique of the conceptualization of child poverty Abstract: Poverty measures have evolved over the years from the income-based poverty threshold to those that take into account non-income aspects of a person?s wellbeing, the popular one being the multidimensional poverty measure. In all these measures children have been taken for granted in terms of the unique nature and the multifaceted deprivations that may be associated with children and not adults. The employment of equivalence scales makes assumptions that go to the extent of looking at children in different contexts and households as being homogenous. A proper measure that takes into account individual idiosyncrasies may not be easy but the current measures that are being applied are to a greater extent underestimating the level of child poverty globally and specifically in developing countries. This paper is motivated by the understanding that there could be more poor children than we care but we are not able to count based on the existing measures of poverty. This paper presents a critique of the child poverty measures that exist and points out the fact that there is need to develop a dedicated and succinct measure of child poverty beyond the equivalence scales that relate child poverty to the household income poverty line. Length: 5 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 58-62 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=013&rid=10710 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010710 Classification-JEL: I32 Keywords: child poverty, measures, scale, household Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010710 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marwa Elsherif Author-Name-First: Marwa Author-Name-Last: Elsherif Author-Email: marwassem@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: Helwan University and Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport Title: The Relationship between Financial Inclusion and Monetary Policy Transmission: The Case of Egypt Abstract: Financial Inclusion is critical for the competitiveness, employment creation, and for raising incomes and reducing poverty. There is limited literature investigating the specific relationship between financial inclusion and monetary policy transmission. Central bank of Egypt (CBE) has launched three initiatives to support development and achievement of financial inclusion. They include an initiative to support financing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), another to support the tourism sector, in addition to a real estate financing initiative for medium- and low-income individuals. To explore the relationship between financial inclusion and monetary policy transmission in Egypt for the period of 2000 to 2017, it is proposed to use the principal component analysis (PCA) method to assign the weight of factors in financial inclusion index (by comprising selected indicators of financial development in a single index). And VECM approach to examine financial inclusion and monetary policy transmission, Granger Causality tests, and basic trend analyses, to explore empirically the relationship between financial inclusion indicators and monetary policy. The paper is arranged in sections. After the introduction, section II presents literature survey on links between financial inclusion and the goals of monetary policy, and presents stylized facts about financial inclusion in Egypt. Section III discusses the methodology of analysis. In section IV, results of econometric estimations are presented. Section V summarizes the paper with policy implications. Length: 25 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 63-87 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=014&rid=10737 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010737 Classification-JEL: E52, G18, C32 Keywords: Financial Inclusion, Monetary Policy, VECM, Granger Causality Test Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010737 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: VILAS GAIKAR Author-Name-First: VILAS Author-Name-Last: GAIKAR Author-Email: gaikar_vilas@rediffmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Smt. CHM. College, University of Mumbai, India Title: AN EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL TRADE IN INDIA: A SPECIAL STUDY OF SELECTED AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES Abstract: India since ages has been known to be an agrarian country. Indian agriculture and allied activities consist of 54.6% of the population (census 2011) and contributes 17.4% to the country?s Gross Value Added for the year 2016-17 (Current prices). India?s agricultural export amounts to $33.87 billion as of 2017, and it is 10.5% of total exports of the country.The paper is classified in the various parts like introduction, objectives, review of literature, research methodology, growth rates in agricultural commodity trade, India?s agriculture trade, foreign trade policy by the government on agriculture, conclusion and suggestions.The growth in trade for agricultural commodity of India was analyzed by employing an exponential model of the form Yt = abteu. In the present research paper agricultural trade, the data has been collected from the secondary sources from the economic survey, annual reports from the agricultural ministry and so on at the same time has been analyzed and evaluated by using Carl Pearson?s co relation co efficient test. After the systematic analysis of the data there has been suggestions made by the researcher to improve agricultural trade to strengthen Indian economy Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 88-101 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=015&rid=10506 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010506 Classification-JEL: Q10, Q17, C00 Keywords: Agricultural trade, Indian Economy, Export and import, exponential model, trade policy Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010506 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: abe harraf Author-Name-First: abe Author-Name-Last: harraf Author-Email: abe.harraf@unco.edu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Northern Colorado Title: The Impact of the Brexit Vote on EU Multinational Companies Abstract: The Brexit vote and its final outcome on EU multinational companies that are operating in United Kingdom is predicted to have adverse economic and financial outlook for the country. Such consequences could be broken down into three profound impacts: financial, economic and legal, and labor mobility. Financial implications are expected to be harmful in the form of higher business and administrative costs, decrease in foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United Kingdom, and fallout for some selected industries. Economic and legal consequences of the vote are equally inevitable to take a toll on the country and its businesses that their business operation are closely tied to other EU countries. The Brexit would potentially cause an increase in the trading costs for EU multinational companies, looking to engages in international trade while operating in the UK. Moreover, the economic effects of the Brexit vote could potentially result in inflation and increase in the costs of imported goods for United Kingdom residents. Further negative economic implications such as volatility of the English Pound and of the economy in the short-term might result. In addition, leaving EU will likely result in reduced labor mobility and immigration, devastating Britain businesses due to an increased labor cost that are further challenged with the aging population that is prevalent in the most of the western Europe economies. Such difficulties will likely result in the major multinational corporations to opt to forego their operations in the United Kingdom and move their headquarters and business enterprises to another European country. Through the exploration of these potentially harmful impacts on the Great Britain economy, the paper attempts to support the hypothesis that Brexit initiative would have many unintended consequences that could devastate the Great Britain economy for some time. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 102-102 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=016&rid=11291 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011291 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Brexit, European Union, International Trade Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011291 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tabandeh Harraf Author-Name-First: Tabandeh Author-Name-Last: Harraf Author-Email: tabandeh.harraf@unco.edu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Northern Colorado Title: Effects of Four Varied Teaching Pedagogies on Freshmen Student Success Abstract: Teaching the new generation of the students is becoming increasingly challenging, regardless of the course content and rigor. Instructors are constantly looking for creative methodologies to achieve the course objectives while accommodating different learning styles. New college-bound students come with various technical competencies and expectations about what college experience and teaching pedagogy should entail. Some are independent thinkers while others require intentional instructional pedagogy to be successful. While there is no one perfect way, teachers across the globe strive to identify a right mix of pedagogies to effectively capitalize on the learning capacity and styles of the new generation of college students and the best way of preparing them for the fast paced and ever changing knowledge economy. This presentation will compare four different methodologies employed to teach a freshman introductory computer literacy course. The four methods are traditional lecture, online, hybrid, flipped classroom. While each method has its own merits, assorted cohort of students respond differently to the subject matter resulting in varied student learning experiences. Creating a right mix of teaching pedagogies to strike a right balance in identifying appropriate methodology has presented many educators with a challenge. Since every class is comprised of students with numerous learning styles, identifying such a mix of pedagogies becomes a practice of trial and error. This study has examined the success of each methodology, using the end of the course grade as a proxy, to determine whether there is one clear methodology that reveals significant correlation between the teaching methodology and overall student success. This analysis, while in its early stages is envisioned to assist in prescribing a mix of teaching pedagogies that could be employed for teaching the freshmen computer literacy course. An extension of this study is to correlate a number of variables to identify the influence of other underlying sources on the success of students under a certain teaching pedagogy. Variables such as high school GPA, ACT/SAT score, College GPA, and class standing could reveal additional insight on prescribing a tailored teaching methodology that underwrites student success and retention of the course content. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 103-103 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=017&rid=11299 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011299 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Teaching Pedagogy, Student Success, Learning Styles Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011299 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gözde ?slamo?lu Author-Name-First: Gözde Author-Name-Last: ?slamo?lu Author-Email: gozdeislamoglu@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kocaeli University, Faculty of Communication, Department of Radio, Television and Cinema Title: Analysis of Follower Preferences in the Context of Instagram Photos: Filtered or nofiltered Abstract: Since its first appearance, photograph has been a tool that attracted the attention of people and enabled to share certain moments with other people. Together with the developing technologies, photograph has also been transformed and digitalized, and it has become easier to edit photographs. While the tools of photo editing and filter applications reinforce the relationship with the digital world, social media platforms play an important role in this transformation. Thus, photograph becomes a part of socialization and also contributes to the interaction of people with each other. Instagram is an example of a popular platform where photos and videos can be shared with other users. One of the most important features of this platform is that it allows photos to be rearranged by applying digital filters. In this way, photos become more visible on social media, and by interacting with other users it plays an important role in increasing the number of followers. In the scope of this study, how filtered and unfiltered photos shared by most-followed public Instagram accounts are perceived by different users has been examined. The purpose of the study is to reveal whether people can distinguish filtered photographs from unfiltered ones; which ones they find more attractive, like most and prefer to interact with. The findings of the study have been obtained through semi-structured interviews. In addition, the similarities and differences in the interpretation of the photographs were determined and its connection with user's age, life experience and social relations were tried to be established. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 104-104 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=018&rid=11134 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011134 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Photograph, Instagram, Photo sharing Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammed Ali Kafaji Author-Name-First: Mohammed Ali Author-Name-Last: Kafaji Author-Email: mkafaji@alfaisal.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Alfaisal University Title: Access to finance constraints in adopting latest technologies for business production in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) Abstract: The small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play crucial role in supporting the economies of developing countries. However, with globalization and open market trends, SMEs need to compete with new entrants to maintain their market share and growth. The degree of technology adaptation and level of process sophistication help the SMEs to achieve their targeted level of growth through improvement of business effectiveness and efficiency. Access to finance is a critical success factor in such endeavor and supports the SMEs to alleviate growth constraints. This paper presents research data on the degree that access to finance impacts the abilities of SMEs to grow through improvement of process sophistication for enhanced business production. The raw data was gathered from over 400 firms independently using one unified assessment tool over a period of five years. This data is then analyzed using inferential statistics through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate and compare the average scores associated with the research variables. Furthermore, the post hoc analysis is applied to assess the extent and direction of variation in the scores and moderated across different years. The results showed that the adopted level of process sophistication is positively correlated with the availability of technology with limited role played by access to finance. These relationships are discussed and analyzed in the context of local market growth, sophistication, financial capabilities, and financial facilities. The research aims to assist SME stakeholders and governing bodies in recognizing the impact of changes on macroeconomic scale from SMEs growth and sustainability perspectives. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 105-105 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=019&rid=11133 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011133 Classification-JEL: A19, F36, L22 Keywords: Small and medium-sized enterprises; Access to finance; Process sophistication; Business technologies. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tristance Kee Author-Name-First: Tristance Author-Name-Last: Kee Author-Email: triskee@vtc.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Title: From Innovation to Sustainable Urban Development Abstract: As the urban design discipline develops renewed interests in participatory design and collaborative place-making, it becomes critical to review the potential and limitations in current process to ensure a sustainable method for future development. This paper explores how collaborative design can be a key to future sustainable urban development. The process involves a multi-disciplinary collaboration and an innovative learning process by sharing ideas as well as careful consideration on social, economic and political circumstances among government and district stakeholders. This intrinsic proposition of innovative participatory planning implies interdisciplinary collaboration between professionals and local residents to integrate knowledge into new urban place-making thinking. Design innovation in contemporary society can manifest itself in the discourse sustainable urban development by application of bottom up planning and community driven design. This paper examines the emerging design pedagogy which promotes interdisciplinary coalition of professionals and local stakeholders in community development as an innovative design rubric to create a sustainable urban approach. Through two case studies in the Asian context, this paper reviews and critically evaluates the process of how the notion of sustainable development in contemporary urban planning theory is underpinned by the collaborative design practice. Length: 17 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 106-122 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=020&rid=11252 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011252 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Collaborative Design, Design Innovation, Sustainable Development, Urban Development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Qura-tul-aain Khair Author-Name-First: Qura-tul-aain Author-Name-Last: Khair Author-Email: dawnmbait@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: National College of Business Administration and Economics Title: IMPACT OF FEAR ON NEGATIVE EVALUATION ON EMPLOYEE PROMOTIONAL AND PROHIBITIONAL VOICE BEHAVIOR Abstract: Personal and social relationships fulfill individuals? basic needs of belongingness, control, self-esteem and meaningful existence. These needs further motivate individuals to positively evaluated by others in workplace. Based on Conservation of resource theory (COR) this research study has tried to investigate the impact of fear of negative evaluation on employee promotional and prohibitional voice behavior. This model has explained that the fear of negative evaluation could lead employees to maximize the promotional voice and minimize the use of prohibitional voice in order to gain control on one?s environment and to prove oneself. Use of promotional voice is helpful to acquire more resources in workplace whereas the use of prohibitional voice facilitates to conserve the available resources.Data was collected from education sector of Pakistan, comprising faculty and non-faculty members working at different hierarchical levels in public and private school, colleges and universities. Results have confirmed hypotheses and found a significantly positive relationship between fear of negative evaluation and promotional voice and negative relationship between fear of negative evaluation and prohibitional voice. This paper has used SPSS and AMOS tools for data analysis. Future recommendations are to include other types of voice behavior and also expand the sample population to other sectors. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 123-123 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=021&rid=11105 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011105 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Fear of negative evaluation (FNgE), Employee Promotional Voice (PMV), Employee Prohibitional Voice (PBV) and Conservation of Resource Theory (COR). Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Asad Khan Author-Name-First: Asad Author-Name-Last: Khan Author-Email: asidczar@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hidayatullah National Law University Title: Rule of Law: A tool for curbing the menace of Human Rights violations Abstract: The edifice of rule of law is based on the foundation of supremacy of law whereby not only the society but also the State is held subject to it. Governing the inter-relation between the citizens and the State, it seeks to further principles of fairness, accountability, transparency and equality. In a contemporary world filled with new and sophisticated kinds of conflicts, the relevance of rule of law has only become more prominent. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) empowered by the success of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) seeks to establish a world free from the vices of hunger, poverty, violence & arbitrariness and promote due regard for justice, security, health, education and environment protection initiatives among others. The thread of rule of law permeates almost all the goals envisioned by the world leaders adopting the Agenda 2030; however, realizing the ever-increasing significance and need of rule of law, an effort has been made to give increased recognition to it by expressly mentioning it in Goal 16 of the SDGs.The menace of human rights violation has continued to exist in subdued forms since time immemorial. But in the present-day world, impregnated with democratic ideologies and marked with increased awareness, we are witnessing an accentuated call from the Global Citizens for making a concerted effort at reinstating the basic rights fundamental to human existence. Such violations can be attributed not only to the anarchist and anti-social forces but also to certain States promoting proxy wars and arms race by hiding under the veil of civility. Hence, there persists an impelling exigency to ensure that the principles of rule of law are upheld if such crisis of human rights violations is to be solved for they are not only intricately linked but also mutually reinforcing.This paper thus endeavours to deal with the increasing initiatives at the World forum to develop a cooperative, just and rightful world. It further aims to deal at length with the notion of human rights, its growing significance and highlight the gross violations being witnessed. Besides these, it seeks to answer pertinent questions like:¥How far have the principles of rule of law been recognised by the Agenda 2030?¥What is the correlation between rule of law and human rights?¥What are the particular areas that need to be focussed upon for protection of human rights?¥What steps have already been taken and are proposed to be taken by the different nations? Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 124-124 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=022&rid=11034 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011034 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Human Rights, SDGs, Global Citizens, Proxy Wars. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011034 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Divesh Kumar Author-Name-First: Divesh Author-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Email: divesh.dms@mnit.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Malaviya NAtional Institute of Technology Jaipur Title: Modelling the enablers of sustainable value co-creation at tourist destinations Abstract: Value co-creation is one of the important factor to maintain the environmental and social sustainability at the tourist destination. According to service dominant logic firms do not sale product but the value propositions and final experience, and value of the product depends upon the co-creation capabilities of firms and consumers. In case of tourism, sustainability is considered as one of the dimension of overall value. This study focuses on the interaction among the enablers of sustainable value co-creation at tourist destination. Preserving local environment and customs provide better experience, and that experiential value is fundamental to the value co creation. Research Methodology - To understand the concept of sustainable value co-creation, an expert survey was conducted to understand the interactions among the enablers of sustainable value co-creation at tourist destination. Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) was used to understand the interrelationships among the enablers and MICMAC was used to classify the enablers based on the driving and dependence power of each enabler.Findings - This study found that awareness about the local culture and importance of environment among tourists can facilitate the value co-creation at tourist destination. This study also found the linkage variables that helps in understanding the relationship between driving and dependence variables. Practical implications - Findings of this study can work as a base for the policy makers. This study consider a system of value creation and hence, provide suggestions to each and every actor of the system including government, local business, hotel owner and as well as for the tourists. Originality/Value - This study demonstrate the use of ISM in tourism industry. This study can lay the foundation for the future work on the sustainable value co-creation in tourism industry. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 125-125 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=023&rid=10824 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010824 Classification-JEL: M31, M31, M31 Keywords: Sustainability; Tourism; ISM; Value co-creation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010824 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SATISH KUMAR Author-Name-First: SATISH Author-Name-Last: KUMAR Author-Email: skumar.dms@mnit.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Author-Name: Nisha Goyal Author-Name-First: Nisha Author-Name-Last: Goyal Author-Email: goyalnisha20@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Jain Univeristy Bangluru Title: Exploring Behavioural Biases among Indian Investors: A Qualitative Inquiry Abstract: Psychological factors influence individual investors? investment decision making, but few studies have used qualitative methods to understand these factors. The present study interviews experienced financial advisors and brokers working with individual investors. For the data analysis, a thematic content analysis approach with open coding was used. The findings of this study indicate that investors have numerous opinions and tendencies (categorized into cognitive errors, emotional biases and social interactions) that affect their investment decisions. This study suggests that an understanding of individual investors? behavioural biases can provide financial planners and advisers with additional knowledge to help their clients in making better financial decisions that potentially lead to improved investment results. Length: 21 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 126-146 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=024&rid=10790 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010790 Classification-JEL: G02, G10 Keywords: Psychological biases; investment decisions; individual investors; financial advisors; qualitative thematic content analysis Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010790 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lucia Munongi Author-Name-First: Lucia Author-Name-Last: Munongi Author-Email: luciam@uj.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of Johannesburg Author-Name: Jace Pillay Author-Name-First: Jace Author-Name-Last: Pillay Author-Email: jacep@uj.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: University of Johannesburg Title: Children?s responsibilities in the era of children?s rights: Implications for practice Abstract: Children?s rights are unconditional entitlements that protect children from abuse. In South Africa, great strides have been made to advance children?s rights through the Constitution and several other instruments on children?s rights. A unique addition to the list of children?s rights instruments was the creation of the Bill of Responsibilities for the Youth of South Africa. This Bill is meant to act as a flipside of the Children?s Bill of Rights as it provides the responsivities that correspond to the rights that children have. This is an aspect that is not explicitly present in the Convention on the Rights of the Child as it only presents the responsibilities that the state and adults have towards fulfilling children?s rights. The responsibilities are defined as those obligations that children have towards promoting the rights of other as well as achieving their own goals. The aim is to teach children about the link between rights and responsibilities and to inculcate in them the notion that rights with responsibilities can promote peaceful coexistence in society. This study explored the extent to which Grade 9 learners in two public schools in Johannesburg, South Africa, were practicing the responsibilities that come with their rights as given in the Bill of Responsibilities. Using a qualitative approach, data was collected through five learner focus groups (each group consisting of three boys and three girls), individual interviews with six learners (three boys and three girls) and individual interviews with five teachers (two males and three females. Content analysis was used to analyse data and the findings showed that in most cases learners were not practicing their responsibilities as given in the Bill of Responsibilities for the Youth of South Africa. Based on the findings, we recommend the need to teach children the link between rights and responsibilities. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 147-147 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=025&rid=10762 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010762 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Bill of Responsibilities, Bill of Rights, children, children?s rights, children?s responsibilities. Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010762 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Colin Murphy Author-Name-First: Colin Author-Name-Last: Murphy Author-Email: chris.cloete@up.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Construction Economics, University of Pretoria Author-Name: Chris Cloete Author-Name-First: Chris Author-Name-Last: Cloete Author-Email: chris.cloete@up.ac.za Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Construction Economic, University of Pretoria Title: DEBT CAPITAL MARKETS AS A FUNDING SOURCE FOR LISTED PROPERTY FUNDS IN SOUTH AFRICA Abstract: Purpose of paperProperty finance in South Africa has traditionally been a market dominated by bank lend-ing. However in the context of the Basel III Accord creating cost and other regulatory impli-cations for bank lending, as well a maturing listed property market adopting international best practice in the form of REIT legislation, debt capital markets funding is becoming a significant component of REITs? capital structure. The study seeks to determine the merits and impact of this nascent funding source for REITs in South Africa. MethodologyFollowing a review of applicable literature, interviews with senior management of nine listed property funds and other debt capital markets stakeholders were undertaken. Cer-tain advantages and disadvantages of debt capital markets funding, in comparison to other lending sources, were presented as hypotheses to the interviewees. FindingsThe responses show support from a significant majority of the interviewees for four partic-ular advantages and two disadvantages. The study also found support for these ad-vantages and disadvantages to be transient. Value of paperIt is advised that REITs periodically reassess the respective advantages and disadvantages of this funding source for their business. Length: 26 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 148-173 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=026&rid=11564 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011564 Classification-JEL: G30, G23, G19 Keywords: REIT; Basel III; debt capital funding Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011564 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mohmed Mustafa Author-Name-First: Mohmed Author-Name-Last: Mustafa Author-Email: mahgmo17@apu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University Title: Retailer Banks Information Technology Governance impact on customers statisfaction Abstract: Information technology IT has become essential component in retailer banks business model, by heavily investing in information technology assets banks are able to offer numerous e-services via new innovative channels. This development makes it imperative to adapt standard IT management framework to insure high investment return and customers satisfaction. This paper examines the relation between retailer banks IT governance practices and banks customers satisfaction. For this purpose, questionnaires developed using COBIT5 IT governance framework as benchmark and sent to 4 retailer Banks IT managers. another questionnaire filled up by 350 this bank?s customers to assess their level of satisfaction. The results show that all banks understudy partially adapting Cobit5 framework process, it also indicates that some process such as services delivery and aligned planing and organization has higher impact on customers satisfaction level. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 174-174 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=027&rid=11054 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011054 Classification-JEL: L86 Keywords: IT governance, Cobit 5,IT Audit , Customers satisfaction Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011054 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: DORIKA JEREMIAH MWAMTAMBULO Author-Name-First: DORIKA JEREMIAH Author-Name-Last: MWAMTAMBULO Author-Email: Dorika.Mwamtambulo@ue.wroc.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Wroclaw University of Economics Title: Herding Behaviours in Poland and Tanzania Abstract: Over the years the USA markets have shown a strong resilient to herding behaviours while mixed results or consistent herding behaviours have been observed in other markets around the world. This study aimed at providing the most recent evidence of herding behaviours in two of such markets. Using data from Poland and Tanzania and CSAD approach, the findings showed no significant market herding behaviours in Poland during the period and during the up and down markets. Except for Informatics, all other industries showed significant industry herding behaviours and during the up and down markets. On the other hand, no market herding behaviours were observed in Tanzania during the period, during the up and down markets. No industrial herding behaviours were observed in the two industries. During this period Poland had experienced an increase in industry herding behaviours while Tanzania have experienced a decline in market herding behaviours in the market. Length: 14 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 175-188 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=028&rid=11210 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011210 Classification-JEL: G02, G10, G12 Keywords: Herding Behaviours, Behavioural Finance, Up and Down Markets, Trade Volume, Industry Portfolios, Poland Stock Market, Tanzania Stock Market Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: SANDRA OBIORA Author-Name-First: SANDRA Author-Name-Last: OBIORA Author-Email: sandra_ora2000@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITY OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA Author-Name: YONG ZENG Author-Name-First: YONG Author-Name-Last: ZENG Author-Email: zengy@uestc.edu.cn Author-Workplace-Name: UNIVERSITY OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Title: Factors Affecting the Adoption of Alternative Financing Methods for Startups by Africans in China Abstract: Alternative financing methods such as Crowdfunding, and Peer-to-Peer lending in the past few decades are becoming more sort after means of business start-up financing. On the other hand, traditional financing methods such as bank loans are now more difficult to acquire especially across African countries. Taking a sample of 410 Africans in China, this study examines the factors that affect the adoption of alternative financing methods for business start-ups. The results show that internet usage in Africa and China, length of residence in China, and the capital intensity of the type of the business to be started are all significant factors to the preference and adoption of alternative financing methods by Africans residing in China. Seeing as research into Africa?s adoption of alternative financing is lacking, this study, this study provides insight where Africans are concerned. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 189-198 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=029&rid=10883 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010883 Classification-JEL: A12, G29, C15 Keywords: Alternative financing methods, Traditional financing methods, Business Start-ups Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010883 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Oluwasheyi Oladipo Author-Name-First: Oluwasheyi Author-Name-Last: Oladipo Author-Email: sheyi86@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: State University of New York at Old Westbury Title: Foreign Direct Investment Spillovers Within and Between Sectors: Evidence from a Developing Economy Abstract: With volatile global capital flows, the stability of FDI and its emergence as an important source of foreign capital for developing economies has renewed interest in its linkages with sustainable economic growth in developing countries. FDI is crucial as it influences production, employment, income, prices, imports, economic growth, balance of payments and the general welfare of the recipient country. Nigeria has attracted huge inflows of FDI over the last decade?from $1.14 billion in 2001 to $4.4 billion in 2016. Though FDI has been concentrated in the oil and gas sectors, the government is now seeking to channel it into the communication, manufacturing and financial services sectors.The broad objective of this study is to examine the spillover effect from oil FDI on the Nigerian economy: (i) is there positive micro linkage from the oil FDI on the domestic economy in Nigeria? (ii) are there positive spillover effects from oil FDI to domestic labor markets in Nigeria?We will trace which sectors/subsectors are recipients of these linkages. How have foreign oil multinationals helped the domestic firms in terms of technology transfer, and employment linkages? What are the linkages between the foreign oil companies and the domestic Petroleum Training Institute in terms of technology transfer on one hand and employment of the Institute?s graduates on other hand? Are the policies embarked upon to attract FDI and ensure its spillover to other sectors of the Nigerian economy sufficient to stimulate economic growth? Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 199-199 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=030&rid=11028 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011028 Classification-JEL: F21, O11, F35 Keywords: FDI, sectoral spillovers, economic development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011028 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Renata Pajewska-Kwa?ny Author-Name-First: Renata Author-Name-Last: Pajewska-Kwa?ny Author-Email: rpajew@sgh.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Warsaw School of Economics Title: Development barriers of the private health insurance in Poland Abstract: Over past few years, a steady and dynamic development of the private healthcare sector has been observed in Poland. The main underlying factor of this phenomenon is connected with the insufficiency of the public healthcare system. Another factor, which is a desire to satisfy healthcare needs on the high, exclusive level by the richest group of clients, appears to be less significant. The results of regularly carried social research in Poland, under the ?Social Diagnosis? project clearly show that one of the highly appreciated values is health, regardless the social group, the rich and the poor, the elderly and the younger generation. However, the use of private sector services generates high costs, especially in case of chronic diseases or frequent family members? diseases. In such situations private sector services, based on priciples out of pocket, entail high costs which exceed financial capability of many households. In order to meet the expectations, like in developed western economies, private health insurance appeared in Poland about 15 years ago ? being a market response for the social healthcare needs.Despite a countless legal, political and economic obstacles, the area of commercial healthcare insurance is evolving dynamically as a subject of transformation connected with the gradually changing attitude of Poles towards this issue. Insurance companies, in their operating strategies, are devoting more and more space to creating new product offer in terms of cost treatment insurance.Thus, the aim of this research is the analysis of changes, in both the quantity and quality range, which have been noticed recently in the field of commercial healthcare insurances in Poland with the process of all commercial insurances in the background. Particular attention will be paid to the issues of the evolution of risk management in health insurance, and thus change of approach to the offered insurance products. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 200-200 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=031&rid=11480 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011480 Classification-JEL: I13, G22 Keywords: healthcare sector, health insurance, insurance policy, commercial insurance Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011480 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Oksana Papelnyuk Author-Name-First: Oksana Author-Name-Last: Papelnyuk Author-Email: PapelnukOV@mgsu.ru Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Author-Name: Ekaterina Nezhnikova Author-Name-First: Ekaterina Author-Name-Last: Nezhnikova Author-Email: Nezhnikova_?v@pfur.ru Author-Workplace-Name: People Friendship university of Russia Title: Investment in development of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency in the global housing sector: main futures, regulation, trends Abstract: Today, energy supply has become one of the main problems of the mankind. Needs in energy increase as technology develops. It is expected that by 2035 the world energy consumption will have increased threefold as compared to 1998. In response to these needs, fossil fuel reserves are being rapidly depleted. The widespread use of traditional energy sources in the housing, transportation and industrial sectors complicates the problem even more.Demographic, economic and cultural changes increase energy consumption in the housing sector and cause even higher levels of the related greenhouse gas emissions. The goal of this work is to identify opportunities for developing renewable energy sources (RES) in the housing sector to improve its energy efficiency.The results of the study show that the construction industry, and especially the housing sector, can save more energy as compared to other types of the energy use. RES are important in reducing CO2 emissions in the housing sector and in improving the energy efficiency of buildings. In recent years, the production and consumption of energy from renewable sources in the housing sector have increased. However, the main volume of energy consumption in buildings is provided by fossil fuels. The main barriers to the introduction of renewable energy in the DNC housing system are financial ones, as well as logistical problems of biomass transportation and storage. To reduce these barriers, the authors offer a number of measures, including the governmental support for the use of renewable energy in the systems of heat supply and cooling of buildings, as well as the creation of storage facilities for renewable energy. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 201-201 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=032&rid=10598 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010598 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Investment, energy sources, renewable energy sources, housing sector Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010598 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ANA CECILIA PARADA ROJAS Author-Name-First: ANA CECILIA Author-Name-Last: PARADA ROJAS Author-Email: acecilia.parada@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto Politécnico Nacional Author-Name: Humberto Ríos Bolívar Author-Name-First: Humberto Author-Name-Last: Ríos Bolívar Author-Email: hrios@ipn.mx Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto Politécnico Nacional Author-Name: JORGE OMAR RAZO DE ANDA Author-Name-First: JORGE OMAR Author-Name-Last: RAZO DE ANDA Author-Email: jorgerazodeanda@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto Politécnico Nacional Title: MINING OF CLASSIFICATION TREES TO ANALYZE A MULTIDIMENSIONAL PHENOMENON Abstract: During periods of remarkable trade openness, increase income inequality in many countries. This paper analyzes how factors that influence inequality due to commercial globalization interact each other. For which a reliable Classifier Tree -selected through a modeling process of bootstrapping- is built, it has 14 knowledge rules and classifies 84% of the observations correctly. This model indicates that inequality?s changes into a country, due greater economic integration, depend principally on the labor market? structure ?in agricultural countries and urbanization processes (industrialization) it reduces depending in turn on the rule of law; on the other hand, in countries with a strong service sector and good trade terms it increases in periods of stagnation or with low levels of high technology exports. Length: 21 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 202-222 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=033&rid=10809 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010809 Classification-JEL: C44, D33, F10 Keywords: Income Inequality, Globalization, International Trade, Data Mining, Classification and Regression Tree (CART) Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010809 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Inese Pel?a Author-Name-First: Inese Author-Name-Last: Pel?a Author-Email: ik17163@lu.lv Author-Workplace-Name: University of Latvia Author-Name: Nora ?ibilda - Kinna Author-Name-First: Nora Author-Name-Last: ?ibilda - Kinna Author-Email: nora.kibilda@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Latvia Author-Name: Jana Simanovska Author-Name-First: Jana Author-Name-Last: Simanovska Author-Email: jana.simanovska@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences Title: Applying green public procurement to food supply and catering services:Case study in Latvia Abstract: Green public procurement (GPP) is a process whereby public and municipal authorities seek to procure goods and services with the lowest environmental impact throughout their entire life cycle, taking into account also the life cycle costs compared to products with the same primary function. GPP can reduce not only the environmental impact, but also promote social benefits and budget savings. The requirements for GPP and the procedure for its application in Latvia are determined by governmental regulations. That requires mandatory application of the GPP to seven groups of goods and services, among them food and catering services. In 2017, the share of total procurements that self reported application of GPP was 11.8% in financial expression, but in 2018 - 18.4%. In 2017, according to self reports 54% of all food product tenders and 79% catering services were marked as GPP tenders. In 2018 already 90% of all food product tenders and 99% catering services are marked as GPP tenders. However, to what extent we can rely on self reports? To evaluate application of GPP requirements for food products and catering services, we screened in total 106 tenders (73 tenders for the supply of food products and 33 for catering services), which were published from July 1, 2017 till July 1, 2018, comparing the tender documents with the governmental regulations. We found that the terms in the Technical Specifications and other tender documents were often unclear. The most common included criterion was requirement that the food products supplied may not contain or be produced from genetically modified organisms (97%). While the second most frequently used criterion is so called higher quality food (28%) e.g. certified as organic, national quality schemes or from integrated agriculture. However, only 4% of the tender documents gave higher priority exclusively for organic food compared to local quality schemes or integrated agriculture. Considering that organic foods are usually higher priced, it can be assumed that only in 4% of cases procurements result in delivering organic food. 18% of the tenders require foods from the national food quality scheme, and 16% of the tenders require products from either organic farming or integrated agriculture. In order to promote organic food, purchasers should more clearly require organic products. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 223-224 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=034&rid=11298 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011298 Classification-JEL: H70, Q50 Keywords: Green public procurement, food and catering services, case study Latvia Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011298 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dorota Podedworna-Tarnowska Author-Name-First: Dorota Author-Name-Last: Podedworna-Tarnowska Author-Email: dpoded@sgh.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: SGH Warsaw School of Economics Author-Name: Daniel Kaszy?ski Author-Name-First: Daniel Author-Name-Last: Kaszy?ski Author-Email: dkaszy@sgh.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: SGH Warsaw School of Economics Title: IPO underpricing phenomenon: the evidence from the Warsaw Stock Exchange Abstract: The existence of underpricing effect in IPO has been investigated by a several studies conducted on the basis of stock exchanges in numerous countries. This phenomenon has been explained in the literature with the help of agency theory, signaling, cascading, behavioral theories among others. Numerous exogenous and endogenous factors of IPO underpricing has been identified in several empirical researches. The influence of these various determinants mostly depends upon different level of the capital market development, different structures of the markets, countries? specific regulation. The aim of this article is to present and investigate the degree of underpricing depending on the form of IPO: an issue of new shares in the shape of a public subscription, a sale of existing shares in the shape of a public subscription, a combination of both previous variants or an introducing shares into trading without sale offering. The research is based on the historical data available from the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The analysis is conducted among IPOs that took place over the period 2005-2018. The numerical results indicate the differential effect on the degree of underpricing effect in IPO resulting from various forms of IPO. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 225-225 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=035&rid=11477 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011477 Classification-JEL: G11, G23, G32 Keywords: IPO, underpricing, public subscription, share sale, share issue, listing Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011477 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: JORGE OMAR RAZO-DE ANDA Author-Name-First: JORGE OMAR Author-Name-Last: RAZO-DE ANDA Author-Email: jorgerazodeanda@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL Author-Name: SALVADOR CRUZ-AKÉ Author-Name-First: SALVADOR Author-Name-Last: CRUZ-AKÉ Author-Email: salvador.ake22@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL Author-Name: ANA CECILIA PARADA-ROJAS Author-Name-First: ANA CECILIA Author-Name-Last: PARADA-ROJAS Author-Email: acecilia.parada@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL Title: The Credit Cycle and the Financial Fragility Hypothesis: An Evolutionary Population Approach Abstract: Minsky's idea of triggering a financial crisis is the adoption of risky financial positions by companies and their relationship with the financial system through banks and the credit they provide. The present work seeks to provide an explanation from a microeconomic point of view through the behavior of agents and their decision making under a Theory of evolutionary games, especially population games. The great advantage of this type of games is that it allows us to obtain proportions of the different decisions that a population or subpopulation is taking and how their interaction promotes equilibrium and the dynamics towards (or around) them.This allows us to determine the dynamics and equilibria of the credit cycle, following Minsky's idea of financial fragility. Additionally, the dynamics of the replicator allows transforming the differential equations in a Lotka-Volterra system, from which it can be concluded that both companies and banks adopt a predatory prey relationship in order to survive. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 226-226 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=036&rid=10806 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010806 Classification-JEL: G02, C73, G01 Keywords: Capital Structure, Evolutionary Games, Behavioral Microeconomics Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010806 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Noor Ulain Rizvi Author-Name-First: Noor Ulain Author-Name-Last: Rizvi Author-Email: noorrizvidse@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Author-Name: Smita Kashiramka Author-Name-First: Smita Author-Name-Last: Kashiramka Author-Email: smz148418@iitd.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Author-Name: Shveta Singh Author-Name-First: Shveta Author-Name-Last: Singh Author-Email: noor.rizvi.91@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Title: An Impact Assessment of Higher Capital Adequacy Requirements: Evidence From India Abstract: Regulatory norms aim to ensure stability and resilience in the banking sector as episodes of crises may have a spill-over effect in the real economy. Literature based on studies of developed economies, suggests that higher capital norms improve the resilience of the banking sector, which in turn, reduces the probability of a financial crisis. An important benefit of which is on the size of the economic loss if the crisis does occur. On the other hand, higher capital requirements pose significant costs to banks, which are, in turn, passed on to the rest of society through reductions in lending volumes, credit rationing and increase in prices of credit that culminates into decreasing the output of the economy. This study aims to find the net impact of implementing Basel norms in a fast-growing economy, (yet under-researched) of Asia, i.e, India. The results prove that the implementation of Basel norms has significant benefits (using a step wise approach, multivariate logistic regression), along with costs (using vector auto regression). In sum, there are positive net benefits in terms of output saved. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 227-227 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=037&rid=11309 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011309 Classification-JEL: G28, G01, O57 Keywords: Basel, Banking, Financial crisis, India, Comparative study Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jerrold Rusk Author-Name-First: Jerrold Author-Name-Last: Rusk Author-Email: jgr1@rice.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Rice University Title: The Effect of Residence Requirements on Voting Turnout ,1824-1968 Abstract: The author theorizes that residence requirements will increase the costs of individual participation in U.S. elections. Different stringencies in voter residency laws will lead to different vote turnout results. This hypothesis is tested using both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses for the period 1824-1968. The hypothesis is confirmed for both the nation at large and the separate regions of the South and non-South when using state residency requirements as the explanatory factor. County residency requirements also show an effect on voter turnout but only in the South. The effect of residency requirements is demonstrated for several races (presidential, congressional, gubernatorial) and for both presidential and midterm election years The basic conclusion of this study is that residency requirements place an important barrier to voter participation and hence must be recognized as a significant part of the legal-institutional effect on voting behavior. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 228-228 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=038&rid=11583 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011583 Classification-JEL: Keywords: turnout, residency, region Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011583 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: ABHISEK SUR Author-Name-First: ABHISEK Author-Name-Last: SUR Author-Email: abhisek.sur15fpm@iimranchi.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT RANCHI Author-Name: AMARENDU NANDY Author-Name-First: AMARENDU Author-Name-Last: NANDY Author-Email: amarendu@iimranchi.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF RANCHI Author-Name: PARTHA RAY Author-Name-First: PARTHA Author-Name-Last: RAY Author-Email: pray@iimcal.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT CALCUTTA Title: CORPORATE LEVERAGE, VULNERABILITY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR BANK STABILITY: FIRM LEVEL EVIDENCE FROM INDIA Abstract: Since the early 2000s overseas borrowing by Indian corporates has gained prominence and has emerged as one of the principal channels of debt flows, changing the pattern of corporate leverage in India. Consistent with the trend in other EMEs, foreign currency borrowing by Indian corporates have assumed prominence, aided primarily by the steady liberalization of the capital account on the one hand and higher international liquidity, on the other hand, leading to a sustained increase in leverage of Indian corporates. This paper analyzes the trends and consequences of corporate leverage of a sample of 825 non-financial firms that have borrowed consistently form international capital markets during 2004 and 2017. In particular, employing the Arellano Bond dynamic GMM technique, it investigates the changing contours of corporate vulnerability arising from the rising leverage and foreign currency debt of these corporates. Further, this paper investigates whether the vulnerabilities in the real sector of the economy get spill over to the financial sector, impairing the asset quality of the Indian banks. The findings of the study indicate that higher leverage of the firms has increased the vulnerability of these firms over time, particularly in the post-global financial crisis period, and that firms? distress increased with higher foreign borrowings. Further, it was also evident that bigger firms were more distressed compared to the smaller size firms, profitable firms were less vulnerable, and that export earning of firms were inadequate to provide a buffer in case of a sudden depreciation of the Indian rupee and could render these firms vulnerable to default. The results of the study also indicated that corporate default (of distressed firms), would erode the Indian banks? asset quality increasing the stress in the banking system. Hedging, whether through natural hedges or financial instruments will be key to protect firms with foreign currency borrowing against severe currency fluctuations. Strengthening macroeconomic fundamentals, together with close monitoring of foreign currency leverage and stricter credit appraisals by banks? is critical for reviving growth in the real sector and boosting the banking sector fundamentals. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 229-229 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=039&rid=11417 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011417 Classification-JEL: E44, F40, G01 Keywords: Foreign Currency Borrowing, Corporate Vulnerability, Bank Asset Quality, India Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011417 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Shivani Taneja Author-Name-First: Shivani Author-Name-Last: Taneja Author-Email: shivanitaneja05@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Essex Title: GENDER GAP IN JOB UTILITY OF BRITISH WORKERS Abstract: The gender gap in attaining a university qualification has gradually narrowed in Britain and this has motivated the evaluation of gender differences in non-pecuniary returns of education. Therefore, this paper explores the trends in job utility of workers, measured by subjective self-evaluation of satisfaction scores from work. The data shows that while female workers experience higher job utility compared to men during the survey period, male workers are reporting higher utility in recent years, resulting in narrowing gender gap in job utility. Logistic regression models are used to understand the factors contributing to this gender gap. The results suggest that education is unlikely to contribute to this trend whereas unemployment has a small contribution to the emerging pattern. Furthermore, the results show that job utility of male workers is more cyclically sensitive compared to female workers as stalling unemployment during an economic downturn affects men more than women. Length: 36 pages Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 230-265 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=040&rid=10643 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9010643 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Job satisfaction, Unemployment, United Kingdom Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9010643 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Michelle Tannock Author-Name-First: Michelle Author-Name-Last: Tannock Author-Email: mttannock@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Douglas College Title: Young Children's Rough and Tumble Play in Educational Settings Abstract: This exploratory study examined the thoughts of educators, parents, and young children on the role of rough and tumble play in early childhood settings. This study examines rough and tumble play within the context of the early childhood setting. The preschool children engaged in play contribute their voices. In this way, the role of rough and tumble play is considered not only from the viewpoint of the educators but also from the children themselves. A qualitative design with an exploratory approach was utilized in this study. Interviews and observations were used for collecting data from four daycare settings on the west coast of British Columbia, Canada. The results of the study add previously unexplored elements, including the thoughts of educators and children, to the expanding body of scholarly knowledge about rough and tumble play. The results of this study have implications for the understanding of child development. It may be that rough and tumble play evolves as children age; that children move into more, or less, complex play behaviors as they mature. This study also highlights implications for early childhood education. The parents and educators in this study conceded a lack of knowledge about rough and tumble play. This finding emphasizes the need for the development of teacher and parent education resources on rough and tumble play. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 266-266 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=041&rid=11476 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011476 Classification-JEL: Keywords: play, children, physical development, social development Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011476 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ilona Tomaszewska Author-Name-First: Ilona Author-Name-Last: Tomaszewska Author-Email: itomas@sgh.waw.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Title: Underwriting factors in motor insurance. Abstract: Underwriting is an important element of the assessment and valuation process of insurance risk. The aim of this process is the proper construction of the insurance portfolio by defining criteria indicating the risk appetite by the insurer, at the same time having a real impact on the technical result. Each insurance company specifies its own guidelines on risk tolerance, both regarding the entity and the subject of insurance. What variables are taken into account when determining the risk parity depends on the strategy adopted by the management of the company, guidelines defined within the capital group or simply by the risk appetite. Less restrictive or even other set of parameters is determined if the purpose of the insurance company is to achieve the highest possible gross written premium, understood as collecting the highest value of premium and volume of customers. Other parameters will be considered when the insurance company focuses on achieving a certain profitability index. Still others, when the purpose of the company is to diversify the vehicle portfolio and, for example, to open up to more expensive vehicles.The aim of the study is to show how important for motor insurance is underwriting process conducted by the insurer, what are its elements for MTPL as for casco, and how underwriting process affects the quality of the insurance company's portfolio. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 267-267 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=042&rid=11481 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011481 Classification-JEL: G22 Keywords: underwriting, motor insurance, referrals, policy, risk Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011481 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Adam Villa Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Villa Author-Email: avilla@providence.edu Author-Workplace-Name: Providence College Title: Teaching with Tableau: Infusing Analytics into your Course Abstract: Tableau is a software application that can help you visualize and understand your data. It can connect to almost any data type and allows users to quickly drag and drop data items to create visualizations that can be shared across platforms. Tableau can be infused into any course that works with data and several examples of data analysis in different disciplines will be demonstrated and explained. This talk will showcase some of the software?s capabilities, including a variety of visualizations, tables, dashboards, and stories. It is also an excellent tool for a data analytics course and provides a great supplemental application for a database systems course, as Tableau can interface with most popular database systems. At the end of the talk, sample class exercises, and projects from an introductory data analytics course will also be discussed and presented. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-06 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 45th International Academic Conference, London, Jun 2019, pages 268-268 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-london/table-of-content/detail?cid=90&iid=043&rid=11181 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9011181 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Data Analytics, Teaching Tool, Software Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9011181