Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Muath Al-Zoubi Author-Name-First: Muath Author-Name-Last: Al-Zoubi Author-Email: m.zoubi@ju.edu.jo Author-Workplace-Name: The University of Jordan Title: Trafficking in Persons as a Transnational Organised Crime: The Jordanian Efforts to Address this Crime Abstract: Trafficking in persons is considered an illegal activity associated with transnational organised crimes. Interestingly, trafficking in persons as a transnational organised crime is increasing quickly. This could be illustrated by the growing involvement of criminal organisations in trafficking in persons. Therefore, it is important to address this crime. This is important because trafficking in persons is a large-scale problem linked with international organised crimes. However, such addressing requires identifying a number of issues regarding trafficking in persons as a transnational organised crime. These issues are the following: The first issue is clarifying the meaning of trafficking in persons as a transnational organised crime. The second issue is analysing the transnational nature of the crime of trafficking in persons. The third issue is the criminal jurisdiction over trafficking in persons as a transnational organised crime. The fourth issue is addressing trafficking in persons as a transnational organised crime. The fifth issue is highlighting the international, regional, and national responses to trafficking in persons as a transnational organised crime.Notably, addressing trafficking in persons as a transnational organised crime requires a holistic approach. This approach should include international, regional and national responses as well as states? cooperation and cooperation among international organisations. Such a holistic approach is significant because trafficking in persons is not limited to one country. Consequently, tackling trafficking in persons requires countries to unify their efforts and to make serious attempts in the fight against this crime. In this regard, it is to be noted that Jordan has made significant efforts of attempts to address the crime of trafficking in persons. Accordingly, the Jordanian example could be analysed and studied to determine what Jordan has done, how Jordan has done that and would that be done better in the future. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 1-1 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=001&rid=11198 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211198 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Trafficking in PersonsTransnational Organised Crimes Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Georges Badr Author-Name-First: Georges Author-Name-Last: Badr Author-Email: georges.badr@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Grenoble Alpes Title: The determinants of global value chains participation: The case of developing economies Abstract: The expansion of the global value chains (GVCs) is the result of the economic globalization that has transformed the production process and made the economies more interdependent and integrated. Different studies were conducted to define a theoretical framework that explains the GVCs and to measure statistically the extent of this phenomenon. Today, researchers are investigating other appealing aspects of this phenomenon, in particular the way that countries could participate in GVCs, the gains and the risks related to their participation. The opportunities offered by the GVCs are underlined by researchers and international institutions since GVCs are conceived to be the new development strategies of economies. Therefore, GVCs has attracted the attention of policy makers in developing countries since these chains can procure new opportunities in terms of industrial, social and economic upgrading. The objective of this paper is to identify empirically the factors that affect the participation of upper-middle-income economies in the GVCs in order to increase their gains from international trade. Our paper is one of the first to use the latest version of UNCTAD-EORA-GVC database and to investigate the determinants that affect this group of countries. Our results suggest that factors related to logistics, education and innovation increase the participation of developing countries in GVCs. In addition, policy factors such as taxes, control of corruption and other business environment related-factors are also key determinants of the integration into GVCs. Hence, this paper contributes to the literature by offering guidance to the policy makers of developing countries in order to integrate and to enhance their participation in GVCs by increasing their trade in value-added. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 2-2 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=002&rid=11537 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211537 Classification-JEL: F14, F15, E60 Keywords: Global Value Chains, Policy factors, International trade, Developing economies Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211537 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kanokwan Chancharoenchai Author-Name-First: Kanokwan Author-Name-Last: Chancharoenchai Author-Email: kanok1_c@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kasetsart University Author-Name: Wuthiya Saraithong Author-Name-First: Wuthiya Author-Name-Last: Saraithong Author-Email: wuthiya@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kasetsart University Title: Production Factor Coefficients Transition through the Lens of State Space Model Abstract: Economic growth can be considered as an important element of countries? development process. For developing countries, like Thailand, to ensure the continuous growth of the economy, the Thai government usually implements various policies to stimulate economic growth. This study, therefore, investigates explanatory variables for economic growth in Thailand from 2005 to 2017 with the total of 52 quarters. The investigation is estimated throughout the production function with non-linear Cobb-Douglas equation. The relevant factors included in the estimation cover three traditional means of production and implicit effects with the internal and external instabilities. According to empirical results, the AR(|2|) equation with the inclusion of seven significant variables presents the most suitable model. However, this is not the case of the recursive coefficient model from the state space model that allows the transition of coefficients. With the powerful state space model, it provides the productivity or effect of each significant factor more in detail. The state coefficients are estimated based on the AR(|2|) with the exception of the one previous GDP and the 2009 world financial crisis dummy. The findings shed the light that those factors seem to be stable through time since the occurrence of the world financial crisis together with the political situation in Thailand. These two events could lower the confidence in the Thai economy. Moreover, state coefficients highlight the sluggish rate of machinery replacement and the low level of technology of capital goods imported from abroad. The Thai government should apply the proactive policies via taxation and specific credit policy to improve technological advance, for instance. Another interesting evidence is the issue of trade openness which shows the negative transition effect along the sample period. This could be explained by the loss of price competitiveness to imported goods, especially under the widespread implementation of free trade agreement. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 3-3 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=003&rid=10943 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9210943 Classification-JEL: O00, C10 Keywords: autoregressive model, economic growth, state space model, Thailand Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9210943 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Andy Cheng Author-Name-First: Andy Author-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Email: andycheng@hsu.edu.hk Author-Workplace-Name: The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong Title: Pairs Trading with Crypto: Evidence from Bitcoin Abstract: One of the important tasks of every multi-asset portfolio managers is to assess how different asset classes interact with each other. Historical findings indicate that tradition risk asset classes exhibited various degrees of correlation, be they positive or negative, among each other. With the raise of crypto assets, such as bitcoin, it appears that crypto assets have gradually been considering as new investment class, at least from institutional aspect. This study reveals that the correlation of the digital currency with the longest price history, bitcoin, with other traditional assets is close to zero. Thus, from diversification point of view, this makes cryptocurrencies or bitcoin a perfectly uncorrelated asset which would benefit almost any portfolio. Further study is performed to investigate the cointegration relations among bitcoin and other asset classes. It is found that the spreads between bitcoin and some major tradition risk asset classes exist a mean reversion phenomenon. This enables asset managers to develop quantitative approaches for active management strategies.Models of cointegrated time series are common place in the literature and application in financial series. Correlation and cointegration are time series modelling techniques that have applied to financial markets. They are related but with different concepts. Correlation indicates co-movements in returns which is a short run measure requires frequent rebalancing to minimize losses, while cointegration measures long run tandem movements in prices to ensure long term performance for achieving returns. Two pairs of asset prices are found to have a common stochastic trend with stationary cointegrating vector, they are in theory considered for cointegration. This stochastic process displays a mean reversion in long run. If there exists a divergence in spread due to temporary shocks, one can expects to profit from performing pairs trading strategy by creating a short position on the outperforming one, at the same time with a long position on the underperforming one.In this study, trading signal would be generated for our pairs trading with bitcoin. Largely, our results empirically support over various asset classes during the period of estimation. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 4-4 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=004&rid=11529 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211529 Classification-JEL: G11, G12, G17 Keywords: cointegrationpairs tradingcorrelationcryptocurrenciesBitcoin Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211529 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Katsunori Fujii Author-Name-First: Katsunori Author-Name-Last: Fujii Author-Email: fujii@aitech.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Title: An Approach to Fujimmon?s Growth Curve from Scammon ?New proposal for human growth curve model Abstract: Why do the proportions of the human body change with age? The essential meaning of that question cannot be understood without unraveling the process of human evolution. Moreover, even if the mechanisms of evolution were to be elucidated, the reasons why proportions must be changed or why we must evolve in that way and how far humans will continue evolving are likely to remain mysteries. However, the mechanisms for the changes in human body proportions can be explained. The present study explains not only the mechanisms for changes in body proportion but also, to construct a standard growth system for humans, confirms the reverification process of the growth curves proposed by Scammon almost 90 years ago and seeks to solve problems by offering the Fujimmon growth curves proposed by the author. In addition, the Fujimmon and Scammon growth curves are described on the same scale and the two are compared. The results indicate the basic ambiguity of curves described freehand and the clarity from the exactness provided by the mathematical functions described by the wavelet interpolation model. The validity and efficacy of the Fujimmon growth curves are then shown. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 5-5 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=005&rid=11459 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211459 Classification-JEL: I00, I10, I19 Keywords: Fujimmon? s growth curve, Scammon? s growth curve, Wavelet Interpolation Method, Human growth curve, Physical development model Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ma?gorzata Holka Author-Name-First: Ma?gorzata Author-Name-Last: Holka Author-Email: malgorzata.holka@isrl.poznan.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences Author-Name: Jerzy Bie?kowski Author-Name-First: Jerzy Author-Name-Last: Bie?kowski Author-Email: jerzy.bie?kowski@isrl.poznan.pl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences Title: Life cycle assessment of grain maize production in different soil tillage systems Abstract: Crop production induces emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and other harmful substances to the environment. In view of the environmental protection, it is essential to find solutions for reducing the negative impacts of crop cultivation. Currently, no-tillage systems are becoming more and more popular in grain maize production due to their economic and environmental benefits. The aim of the study was to assess the environmental impact of grain maize production in different soil tillage systems. The study was conducted in 20 farms, located in the Wielkopolska voivodship (Poland), during the period 2015-2017. The cultivation of grain maize in three soil tillage systems: traditional tillage, reduced tillage and direct sowing was analyzed. Data included field characteristics, type and duration of technological operations and agricultural production inputs: seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, fuel, engine fuel, lubricants, agricultural machinery. Assessment was performed according to the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. LCA was carried out from "cradle-to farm gate", i.e. from the manufacturing of means of production through to the process of crop cultivation and harvesting. Results analysis have been referenced to functional unit of 1 ha of grain maize cultivation. The following impact category indicators have been calculated: the global warming potential, the eutrophication potential, the acidification potential, the photochemical ozone creation potential and the abiotic resources depletion potential. The carbon sequestration potential associated with maize cultivation in each tillage system was estimated. The values of impact category indicators, especially in the case of global warming potential, acidification potential and eutrophication potential depended mainly on fertilization. GHG emissions from processes of soil cultivation and sowing of grain maize were largest in traditional tillage mainly due to larger fuel consumption and use of agricultural machinery in comparison to reduced tillage and direct sowing. In grain maize cultivation, carbon inputs to soil from the applied natural fertilizers and plant residues ploughed in lead to increased soil carbon sequestration and contribute to reductions in GHG emissions.The study was carried out in the frame of the research project funded by the National Science Centre, Poland. Project No. 2015/19/N/HS4/03031. Project tittle: Environmental life cycle assessment and life cycle costing of grain crop production in different soil tillage systems. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 6-6 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=006&rid=11579 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211579 Classification-JEL: Q54, Q57 Keywords: grain maize, soil tillage systems, environmental impact, life cycle assessment, impact category indicators Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211579 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yuki Kani Author-Name-First: Yuki Author-Name-Last: Kani Author-Email: kani-y@tokaigakuin-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate school of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Katsunori Fujii Author-Name-First: Katsunori Author-Name-Last: Fujii Author-Email: fujii@aitech.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate school of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Toshiro Sakai Author-Name-First: Toshiro Author-Name-Last: Sakai Author-Email: sakai@isc.chubu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Chubu University Author-Name: Nozomi Tanaka Author-Name-First: Nozomi Author-Name-Last: Tanaka Author-Email: tanaka-n@tokaigakuen-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Tokai Gakuen University Author-Name: Yuzuru Naito Author-Name-First: Yuzuru Author-Name-Last: Naito Author-Email: yuzurunaito@gifu.shotoku.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate school of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Yusaku Ogura Author-Name-First: Yusaku Author-Name-Last: Ogura Author-Email: ogura-yusaku@chubu-gu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate school of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Title: Annual Trend of Physical Growth in Infant and Japanese High Economic Growth Abstract: The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has published measurement records on height, weight, chest circumference, and head circumference in 0 to 6 year-old children from 1960 to 2010 as indicators of physical development in early childhood in Japan. Physical development evaluation charts have been developed from these records using percentile methods, but reports on the trends in physical development over time are limited. This is because no method has been established to scientifically analyze physical growth. Even more difficult is investigating secular trends in physical growth and linking those trends to economic growth. In this study, we identified the first largest peak velocity (FLPV) during the year after birth in infant physical growth records (height, weight, chest circumference, head circumference), and applied the wavelet interpolation model to the variations over time in the identified FLPV. Next, we applied the wavelet interpolation model to the secular variations in GDP for the same years. We then applied a cross correlation function to the relationship between the curves of FLPV and GDP variations over time, and investigated how high economic growth acts as a controlling factor variations in physical development of young children over time. The speed of variation in the physical development of children over time was the greatest around 1980. By synchronizing GDP to that time, the results suggest that high economic growth is a controlling factor in the physical development of young children. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 7-7 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=007&rid=11520 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211520 Classification-JEL: I00, I10, I19 Keywords: Twins , Similarity , Measurement system, Growth velocity curve, Wavelet Interpolation Method Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211520 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sudjit Karuchit Author-Name-First: Sudjit Author-Name-Last: Karuchit Author-Email: sudjit@sut.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Suranaree University of Technology Author-Name: Preeyaphorn Kosa Author-Name-First: Preeyaphorn Author-Name-Last: Kosa Author-Email: kosa@sut.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Suranaree University of Technology Author-Name: Jareeya Yimrattanabovorn Author-Name-First: Jareeya Author-Name-Last: Yimrattanabovorn Author-Email: chareeya@sut.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Suranaree University of Technology Author-Name: Prapat Pentamwa Author-Name-First: Prapat Author-Name-Last: Pentamwa Author-Email: prapat@sut.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Suranaree University of Technology Author-Name: Patcharin Racho Author-Name-First: Patcharin Author-Name-Last: Racho Author-Email: patcha@sut.ac.th Author-Workplace-Name: Suranaree University of Technology Title: Management Efficiency Evaluation of Water Supply Systems in North-Eastern Region of Thailand Abstract: This paper presents key findings of a comprehensive research aimed at evaluating the management efficiency of water resources and water supply systems in Thailand. The study was carried out in 4 North-Eastern provinces: Nakhon Ratchasima, Chaiyaphum, Surin, and Buri Ram. Four management aspects were examined, namely water resource, water quality, health risk, and engineering. Twenty-seven village water supply systems (VWSSs) and ten city water supply systems (CWSSs) were systematically selected and investigated. The 2 groups represent small systems in rural areas and big systems in city areas, respectively. Water samples were collected once in the rainy season and another in the dry season. For VWSSs, results indicated that 7 reservoir-using systems would have insufficient raw water ranging from 6 - 12 months per year in the next 20 years. Treated water from both surface-water and groundwater VWSSs, in some cases, had color, fecal coliform, and total coliform values which exceed drinking water standards; and had less than 0.02 mg/L residual chlorine, indicating lack of disinfection protection. Multi-route risk assessment revealed several cases of total cancer risk values higher than 10-6, though the HI values seemed to indicate no risk of concern. Evaluation of the engineering aspect predicted that 44% of the plants would have inadequate treatment capacity in the long-run. For CWSSs, it was found that most of the raw water resources ? large reservoirs and major rivers ? can accommodate the future water needs in the next 20 years. Most plants also have the capability to reserve excess water for usage in the dry season and have adequate reservoir sizes. A few water quality parameters were not conforming with standard, e.g. color, iron, and residual chlorine, which could be due to inappropriate operating condition. The health risk study revealed that the THMs levels were within the drinking water standards but the health risk was high in certain cases. On the other hand, the heavy metals were within standards and acceptable risk level. Most of CWSSs have a successful and efficient operation due to the appropriate structure of the organization and knowledgeable plant operators. Some plants, however, have high electricity cost which leads to loss of money in the operation. Comparison of VWSSs and CWSSs results help to understand their current management situation and discrepancy. The research outcomes are beneficial to water supply plant operators and administrators in rural and urban areas and can support relevant parties in management improvement. Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 8-17 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=008&rid=11353 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211353 Classification-JEL: Q25, Q56, L95 Keywords: water demand and supply, water resources, environment and development, water supply systems, general welfare Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Zsófia Kenesey Author-Name-First: Zsófia Author-Name-Last: Kenesey Author-Email: kovacs.tamas@uni-sopron.hu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sopron, István Széchenyi Management and Organisation Sciences Doktoral School Author-Name: Tamás Kovács Author-Name-First: Tamás Author-Name-Last: Kovács Author-Email: ktk.kovacs.tamas@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sopron, Alexandre Lamfalussy Faculty of Economics Title: Tools for the Rescue of Banks in Crisis Abstract: The financial crisis of 2008 drew attention to the insufficient regulation of banks. Due to the bank failures taking place at different places of the world, the crisis significantly decreased the budgetary funds of the countries. Banks too big to fail that had extensively grown due to the previously used practice expected the governments of the countries in which they were established to save them from the money of the taxpayers. However, this process was not sustainable on a long term and mainly after the crisis, and induced the operators to develop a new solution. Not only new legislation was necessary, but new institutions had to be also set up. In the framework of the European Union, the reform was named banking union, and two of its three components, i.e. banking supervision and resolution, are intended to prevent bank failures, and one, i.e. deposit guarantee, is intended to mitigate the damages caused by the failure. This study presents the economic tools used to prevent the failure of banks in crisis, with special regard to the institutional system of resolution. Resolution is a tool for the restoration of the operation of an institution that is becoming or has become insolvent, with the intention to prevent the spread of the problem in order to make sure that the involvement of the institution paying funds in the case of the bank failure is not necessary and the society is affected by the situation to the minimum extent. The national resolution funds as well as the Single Resolution Fund of the EU have been established mainly to reduce the system risk caused by the so-called banks too big to fail, ensuring thereby the stability of the financial system. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 18-25 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=009&rid=11717 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211717 Classification-JEL: G21, G28, H12 Keywords: banking union, bank failures, too big to fail, resolution Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211717 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alda Kika Author-Name-First: Alda Author-Name-Last: Kika Author-Email: alda.kika@fshn.edu.al Author-Workplace-Name: University of Tirana, Facultu of Natural Sciences Author-Name: Loreta Leka Author-Name-First: Loreta Author-Name-Last: Leka Author-Email: loreta.leka@fshn.edu.al Author-Workplace-Name: University of Tirana, Facultu of Natural Sciences Author-Name: Suela Maxhelaku Author-Name-First: Suela Author-Name-Last: Maxhelaku Author-Email: suela.maxhelaku@fshn.edu.al Author-Workplace-Name: University of Tirana, Facultu of Natural Sciences Author-Name: Ana Ktona Author-Name-First: Ana Author-Name-Last: Ktona Author-Email: ana.ktona@fshn.edu.al Author-Workplace-Name: University of Tirana, Facultu of Natural Sciences Title: Using data mining techniques on Moodle data for classification of student?s learning styles Abstract: Building an adaptive e-learning system based on learning styles is a very challenging task. Two approaches to determine students learning style are mainly used: using questionnaires or data mining techniques on LMS log data. In order to build an adaptive Moodle LMS based on learning styles we aim to construct and use a mixed approach. 63 students from two courses that attended the same subject ?User interface? completed the ILS (Index of Learning Styles) questionnaire based on Felder-Silverman model. This learning style model is used to assess preferences on four dimensions (active/reflective, sensing/intuitive, visual/verbal, and sequential/global). Moodle keeps detailed logs of all activities that students perform which can be used to predict the learning style for each dimension. In this paper we have analyzed student?s log data from Moodle LMS using data mining techniques for classifying their learning styles focusing on one dimension of Felder-Silverman learning style: visual/verbal. Several classification algorithms provided by WEKA as J48 Decision Tree classifier, Naive Bayes and Part are compared. A 10-fold cross validation was used to evaluate the selected classifiers. The experiments showed that the Naive Bayes reached the best result at 71.18% accuracy. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 26-33 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=010&rid=11567 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211567 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Learning styles; Felder-Silverman learning style model; Weka; Moodle; data mining Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211567 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: László Koloszár Author-Name-First: László Author-Name-Last: Koloszár Author-Email: koloszar.laszlo@uni-sopron.hu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sopron Alexandre Lamfalussy Faculty of Economics Title: Contradictions in Cost of Capital Approaches Abstract: An important business economics category is the cost of capital, which defines the core entrepreneurial purpose in the private ownership-based economy where property owners determine decision-making and investment. The cost of capital includes the estimated price of the capital used (risk-free interest rate) and the required risk premium. Determining the required rate of return depending on the capital structure (WACC) and using it in finance to measure a firm's cost of capital is becoming increasingly widespread. The present study examines how the cost of capital can be approached from business economics and finance perspectives. The paper analyses the comparable factual profitability indicators (return on investment, return on equity, etc.), and the contradictions between them, as well as determining if there are deductible economic meanings behind the comparisons. The study presents the results with a graphic analytical framework. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 34-34 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=011&rid=11599 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211599 Classification-JEL: M20, G30 Keywords: cost of capitalWACCreturn on investment (ROI)return on equity (ROE) Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211599 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Suela Maxhelaku Author-Name-First: Suela Author-Name-Last: Maxhelaku Author-Email: suela.maxhelaku@fshn.edu.al Author-Workplace-Name: Computer Science Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana Author-Name: Alda Kika Author-Name-First: Alda Author-Name-Last: Kika Author-Email: alda.kika@fshn.edu.al Author-Workplace-Name: Computer Science Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana Title: Improving interoperability in Healthcare using Hl7 FHIR Abstract: Data sharing within patients, hospitals and medical centers and the diversity of healthcare data still remain one of the main challenges in Albania. Exchanging health information is crucial because it can improve treatment, health care and decision-making process. FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) is used as a standard for exchanging healthcare information in HL7 (Health Level 7). FHIR is based on the RESTful principles, so the resources can be accessed using HTTP and displayed in XML or JSON format. The aim of this paper is to analyse the use of FHIR standard in improving interoperability and integration of patient?s data between different hospital services and radiology service in Albania. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 35-42 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=012&rid=11566 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211566 Classification-JEL: C80, L86, I10 Keywords: HL7, FHIR, Healthcare, interoperability Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211566 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yuzuru Naito Author-Name-First: Yuzuru Author-Name-Last: Naito Author-Email: yuzurunaito@gifu.shotoku.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Katsunori Fujii Author-Name-First: Katsunori Author-Name-Last: Fujii Author-Email: fujii@aitech.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Yuki Kani Author-Name-First: Yuki Author-Name-Last: Kani Author-Email: kani-y@tokaigakuin-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Yusaku Ogura Author-Name-First: Yusaku Author-Name-Last: Ogura Author-Email: ogura-yusaku@chubu-gu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Toshiro Sakai Author-Name-First: Toshiro Author-Name-Last: Sakai Author-Email: sakai@isc.chubu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Chubu University Author-Name: Yuki Takeyama Author-Name-First: Yuki Author-Name-Last: Takeyama Author-Email: yuki319takeyama@yahoo.co.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Aichi Institute of Technology Title: Construction of Standardization System in Judgment for Young Children Obesity and Leanness Abstract: Body composition in children can be measured until about the age of 6 years using the impedance method, but in children below that age the findings are often treated as reference values. However, information on body composition is needed to verify body fatness in early childhood. In this study, we investigated the validity of obesity and leanness Judgment using a simple impedance analysis in young children, by comparing body fat percentage derived with the impedance method and body fatness judged from standard height and weight curves, with the aim of constructing a standardized system for judging obesity and leanness in young children. we constructed a 5-step mean evaluation together with body fat percentage statistics and judged levels of obesity and leanness. For judgments of obesity with regression evaluation of weight against height, we constructed a 5-step regression evaluation chart after deriving valid order regression polynomials, and determined levels of obesity and leanness based on them. The results of comparisons of the distributions of obesity and leanness judgments obtained with the two evaluations using the ?2 test showed no significant differences in all subjects from 3 to 5 years old. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 43-43 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=013&rid=11526 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211526 Classification-JEL: I00, I10, I19 Keywords: Young Children, Obesity and Leanness Judgment, Standardization System, Body Fat Percentage, Regression polynomial Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211526 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sayid Mohammad Rifqi Noval Author-Name-First: Sayid Mohammad Rifqi Author-Name-Last: Noval Author-Email: juristdomain@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Islam Nusantara University Title: CONSIDERING THE IMPACT OF RIGHT TO BE FORGOTTEN IN THE LAW STRUCTURE IN INDONESIA: AN ANALYSIS ON SOME LEGAL CASES IN INDONESIA Abstract: After successfully getting the attention of countries in the Southeast Asia Region as the pioneer in presenting the Right to be Forgotten policy in its legal instruments, Indonesia must now account for the decision. The country must not only make sure the policy can be implemented, but also anticipate problems that will arise due to its implementation.The Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendment to the Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions is the basis for the enactment of the Right to be Forgotten policy in Indonesia (UU ITE) . This arrangement has led to debates, considering that to these days Right to be Forgotten is still a sore subject in European countries and the United States. Not only that, Indonesia currently has not had any laws specifically regulating data protection, even the provisions of Right to be Forgotten have not been regulated in detail that it has may lead to different interpretations.Cyberspace data or information related to legal cases in Indonesia is one of the problems that might occur; this includes not only the data existed before the case go on trial, but also the data presents after the case is decided by the court and the convict has served a sentence. This paper will discuss several events related to data and legal processes in Indonesia. The first is about a past photo of Angelina Sondakh, which proved her ownership of a Blackberry mobile phone that led to Supreme Court verdict for 10 years in a corruption case. The second is related to the release of data of legislative candidates who are ex-convicts by the General Election Commission in the General Election Process in 2019. The next data will be information to prove the public lie of Ratna Sarumpaet, an activist who claimed to have been persecuted, and the lie has sparked public criticism against the incident.These three cases have one thing in common, i.e. the presence of information or data that can be accessed via the internet having the potential to be used as an object of Right to be Forgotten. Therefore, regulations to ensure that Right to be Forgotten can work well in accordance with the legal provisions in Indonesia and without reducing other existing rights are necessary. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 44-44 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=014&rid=11550 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211550 Classification-JEL: K00, K00, K00 Keywords: Right to be forgotten, data privacy, general data protection regulation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211550 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yusaku Ogura Author-Name-First: Yusaku Author-Name-Last: Ogura Author-Email: ogura-yusaku@chubu-gu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Katsunori Fujii Author-Name-First: Katsunori Author-Name-Last: Fujii Author-Email: fujii@aitech.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Yuzuru Naito Author-Name-First: Yuzuru Author-Name-Last: Naito Author-Email: yuzurunaito@gifu.shotoku.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Kohsuke Kasuya Author-Name-First: Kohsuke Author-Name-Last: Kasuya Author-Email: kohsuke28kasuya@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Yuki Takeyama Author-Name-First: Yuki Author-Name-Last: Takeyama Author-Email: yuki319takeyama@yahoo.co.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Nozomi Tanaka Author-Name-First: Nozomi Author-Name-Last: Tanaka Author-Email: tanaka-n@tokaigakuen-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Tokai Gakuen University Title: Tracking Phenomenon of Physical Development during elementary School Abstract: The method generally used to assess motor ability in elementary school is the 10-step assessment in the new physical fitness test advocated by the by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan. However, no method of assessing physical fitness and motor ability has been established that considers changes with age in schoolchildren, who are in the growth stage. Specifically, no method to evaluate physical longitudinal data for individual children has been created. In this study, we constructed an aging span evaluation chart of motor ability using the wavelet interpolation method and applied it to longitudinal development data for motor ability in the physical ability of first to sixth grade elementary school students. Motor ability tracking was then examined with the application of this evaluation method. The results confirmed that motor ability tracked closely in first to sixth grade elementary school students. Therefore, this suggests that there is a trend for individuals with high motor ability in childhood to follow the same high level course afterward. Also, children with poor motor ability in particular may need early educational attention. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 45-45 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=015&rid=11521 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211521 Classification-JEL: I00, I10, I19 Keywords: Tracking phenomenon, Motor ability, Wavelet Interpolation Method, elementary schoolchildren Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211521 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Noel Packard Author-Name-First: Noel Author-Name-Last: Packard Author-Email: npac825@aucklanduni.ac.nz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Auckland Title: Alienating Marx(ists) from the Cold War into Surveillance Capitalism Abstract: Marx?s Machine Age theory of capitalism ascribes a unique driving role for alienation and argues new modes of production emerge from past modes of production. Presently so-called surveillance capitalism is superseding Machine Age capitalism and distributing wealth unequally to a 1% global elite. There are debates about what alienation is at work in this changed epoch. Premised on Marx?s idea that modes of production are born in the previous epoch along with the alienation that works with them, a hypothesis about how today?s Internet enables both endless free speech, while inversely and simultaneously, enabling endless spying with impunity is presented here. The hypothesis is a conceptualization of alienation labeled as ?known unknown.? The adaption of the term ?known unknown alienation? stems from the discourse in the film, ?The Unknown Known? which highlights aspects of known unknown alienation, in the form of so-called national security experts who are mentally divided about what they can and can not know (or talk about) and also the divide between the expert and the taxpayer, who does not qualify to have access to the same information that the expert has. This personal internal contradiction and social alienation is compounded because Americans are proud of US constitutionally protected free speech rights (which according to The Citizens United Act allows corporations to be individuals); these contradictions help drive surveillance capitalism. The historical-comparative argument is: ?Communist hunting? intelligence agents, scientists, and contractors, backed by neoliberal economists, built a military-industrial-complex that obligated them to both known and not know, or in the case of the CIA be ?witting? of national security secrets, which alienated them from US constitutional free speech. Their alienation manifest in their interactive inventions - the Internet, pc and cell phone - devices that today dialectically give customers the ability to express free speech endlessly in electronic memory form, while inversely giving spies unlimited access to that speech with impunity. This process works in tandem: enabling appropriation of data for government surveillance and service fee payments for corporations. Length: 18 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 46-63 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=016&rid=11641 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211641 Classification-JEL: H54, H56, O33 Keywords: alienation, Internet, neoliberal, Cold War, intelligence, surveillance, witting Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211641 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Chatree Preedaananthasuk Author-Name-First: Chatree Author-Name-Last: Preedaananthasuk Author-Email: pichaiaroon@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Naresuan University Title: Rescued Wild Boar Soccer Team members in the Tham Luang Cave: Transforming an Impossible Mission to a Possible Mission Abstract: When problems have solutions in hand, they are not too difficult to solve. On the other hand, for an unprecedented case which has many unknown factors and threatens the survival of the victims, it is risky and challenging. The Tham Luang Cave is located in the Maesai District, Chiangrai Province, Northern Thailand. Thirteen members of the Wild Boar Soccer Team decided to visit the cave after they finished practice. Although some members had visited the cave in the past, this time, conditions in the cave were different from their previous visits. The rainy season came earlier than usual and heavy rain caused them to be trapped in the cave for more than two weeks. As soon as it became known that they were still in the cave, a rescue operation was mounted.In the first stage, there were many limitations for rescue operations in terms of details of the cave map, cave diving skills and rescue operation techniques. However, international cooperation together with systematic local management could make the rescue mission possible. The rescue of the Wild Boar Soccer Team members is a unique case. This study aims to better understand the crisis management process. Knowledge of crisis management is still limited and more work needs to be done to enhance the field. Therefore, this study illustrates the framework of integrated crisis management through an analysis of the rescued Wild Boar Soccer Team members case. Research Results Analysis help to shed new light on the crisis management process and to provide lessons learnt from an unprecedented crisis management case. Length: 11 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 64-74 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=017&rid=11443 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 8511443 Classification-JEL: M10, D83, H12 Keywords: Tham Luang Cave, Wild Boar Soccer Team, Crisis Management, Lessons Learned, Rescue Plan Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:8511443 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marika Robinson Author-Name-First: Marika Author-Name-Last: Robinson Author-Email: robinson.marika@spcollege.edu Author-Workplace-Name: St. Petersburg College Author-Name: Sara Bianco Author-Name-First: Sara Author-Name-Last: Bianco Author-Email: sara.bianco@uc.edu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Cincinnati Author-Name: Adonia K. Smith Author-Name-First: Adonia K. Author-Name-Last: Smith Author-Email: adonia@aslrose.com Author-Workplace-Name: ASL Rose Title: Oldest Schools for the Deaf: Signed Langauges are the Key Abstract: This presentation will cover the early history of the first few public schools for the Deaf in the world and the far-reaching impact of these schools on the languages and communities of Deaf peoples. We will discuss events leading to the founding of Deaf schools and how these early schools contributed to the formation of over four hundred signed languages. Research shows that language and schools are vital to a child?s educational and social development. Language acquisition early in life and continuous learning in signed languages become a springboard to academic and social achievement for Deaf people. As the world moves rapidly toward multilingualism and cultural competency, the trend in Deaf education has moved in the opposite direction. Events in 1880 redirected teaching through signed languages to the over-emphasis on speaking and listening in the majority language, stunting a Deaf person?s chances at success and leading to the prevalence of language deprivation. Schools for the Deaf and signed languages are currently under threat. Preserving these schools becomes even more urgent. Through a literature review justifying the benefits of signed languages in schools for the Deaf, we will present the case for more support to schools for the Deaf. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 75-75 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=018&rid=11259 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211259 Classification-JEL: Keywords: Deaf, signed languages, history, preservation, education Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jana Marie ?afránková Author-Name-First: Jana Marie Author-Name-Last: ?afránková Author-Email: janamarie.safrankova@pedf.cuni.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Education, Charles University, Department of Andragogy and Educational Management Author-Name: Eva Urbanová Author-Name-First: Eva Author-Name-Last: Urbanová Author-Email: eva.urbanova@pedf.cuni.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Education, Charles University, Department of Andragogy and Educational Management Title: The competencies of headmasters in students´ practice reflection at the departmental schools in Czech Republic Abstract: Aim of papers based on summarizing the results of the authors? survey on the analyses of headmasters? competencies and theirs reflection by students of the study programme Educational management. The goal of the paper is to define and discuss headmasters? competencies reflections of professional practice by educational management students in terms of their theoretical knowledge, practical skills, management and human resources management development potential. From the perspective of future management of the students, authors? research results support the assumption that educational management students gained experience by this professional praxis in the time of study. The research questions is: What headmasters?competencies are more important for students´ educational management practice? Length: 10 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 76-85 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=019&rid=11817 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 8511817 Classification-JEL: I20, J24, I29 Keywords: headmaster, competency, management, education, higher education, departmental school Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:8511817 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Toshiyuki Sakabe Author-Name-First: Toshiyuki Author-Name-Last: Sakabe Author-Email: t.sakabe0124@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hokkaido University of Science Author-Name: Kate Sato Author-Name-First: Kate Author-Name-Last: Sato Author-Email: sato-ka@hus.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Hokkaido University of Science Title: Action Research on Asynchronous Inter-Cultural Communication Video Exchanges Abstract: Japanese university students studying the sciences often lack opportunities to communicate globally with other students in English. In order to offer opportunities to such students an asynchronous inter-cultural communication video exchange (ICVE) was included as classroom activities as a part of the syllabus the presenters? classroom. The aim was to open the way for students to deepen inter-cultural understanding while practicing their English language skills. Students were put into groups, and during the semester each group recorded 4 videos. The videos were exchanged with international students studying at a university in Finland. At the end of the semester in the first year of the ICVE, questionnaire was conducted to uncover the students? perspectives about the ICVE. The results showed about 70 % of students felt that 4 videos during one 15 week semester was too many. Nevertheless, all of the students said they would you recommend the ICVE to a friend. The results also indicated: more time is needed to practice before shooting the video, the students should/did enjoy/ed themselves, and group members should have been changed for each video recording. From the results the following year?s ICVE was planned resulting two main changes: the number of videos being reduced from four to three, and, the members of each group being different for each video recording. At the end of the semester a similar questionnaire was conducted. This presentation shares the results from the second year of the ICVE and discusses how the ICVE can be conducted concurrent with other activities in the syllabus. Also a comparison of the results of the two years of questionnaires feedback will also be highlighted. This presentation will help others who are considering establishing their own inter-cultural global communication exchange activity through video exchanges in their classrooms. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 86-86 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=020&rid=11153 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211153 Classification-JEL: I29 Keywords: English EducationEnglish TeachingInter-Cultural CommunicationVideo Exchange Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Toshiro SAKAI Author-Name-First: Toshiro Author-Name-Last: SAKAI Author-Email: sakai@isc.chubu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: CHUBU UNIVERSITY Author-Name: Katsunori Fujii Author-Name-First: Katsunori Author-Name-Last: Fujii Author-Email: fujii@aitec.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: AICHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Author-Name: Nozomi TANAKA Author-Name-First: Nozomi Author-Name-Last: TANAKA Author-Email: tanaka-n@tokaigakuen-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: TOKAI GAKUEN UNIVERSITY Author-Name: Kohsuke KASUYA Author-Name-First: Kohsuke Author-Name-Last: KASUYA Author-Email: kohsuke28kasuya@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: AICHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Title: Recent Trends in Physical Fitness and Motor Ability of Preschool Children  -Trends in Japan since 2000- Abstract: In recent years, there has been concern in Japan of declining physical strength in early childhood. Consideration of lifestyle in modern society may provide suggestions on the appropriate level of physical strength and motor ability for modern children. Therefore, it may be necessary to show the physique and motor ability suitable for the generational background. The purpose of this study was to clarify the trends since 2000 in body shape, physical strength, and motor ability in early childhood in Japan. The data used were physique and motor ability data from 1969 to 2009 for young boys and girls in kindergartens and nursery schools in Aichi Prefecture surveyed by the Children?s Growth and Development Society. The study subjects were kindergarten and nursery school girls (age 3?5 years old) in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Physique (height and weight), quantitative motor ability (20 m dash, standing long jump, tennis ball throw, side step, one-leg hop, jump rope, hanging from a horizontal bar, one-leg standing, and ball bouncing), and general motor ability (jump over and under) were compared in the 1999 and 2009 school years. The results revealed that, compared with ten years earlier, height was approximately 0.9 cm shorter in 4-year-old girls and weight was approximately 0.3 kg lighter in 3- and 4-year-old girls in 2009. In physical strength and motor ability, the time for jump over and under was shorter in 3-year-olds, the number of times a rope jumped was higher and the time hanging from a horizontal bar was longer, and the time for jump over and under was shorter in 4-year-olds. In 5-year-olds, only an increase in the number of times a rope jumped increased. The tennis ball throw and side steps were not significantly different from 10 years earlier in any of the ages. Although physique, strength, and exercise improved with growth, it was found that many items decreased or remained the same in all age groups compared to those 10 years ago. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 87-87 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=021&rid=11555 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211555 Classification-JEL: I00, I10, I19 Keywords: Preschool Girls, Physique, Physical strength, Secular trend, Least square approximation Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211555 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Wuthiya Saraithong Author-Name-First: Wuthiya Author-Name-Last: Saraithong Author-Email: wuthiya@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kasetsart University Author-Name: Kanokwan Chancharoenchai Author-Name-First: Kanokwan Author-Name-Last: Chancharoenchai Author-Email: kanok1_c@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kasetsart University Title: Explaining the Economic Growth of Thailand Abstract: One of the principles of economic development is economic growth. To ensure the sustainability, factors promoting long-term economic growth need to be analyzed. Understanding these factors could provide insightful information and, then, allow the government to properly plan for the future economic stimulating scheme. This study, therefore, looks into the determinants of economic growth in Thailand. The ARMA and ARCH techniques are employed to elicit significant factors and their impact on the country's economic growth between the first quarter of 2005 to the fourth quarter of 2017. The rate of change of GDP is applied as an indicator for economic growth. The result presents the volatile behavior or a sign of time-varying variance. Moreover, the finding preliminarily hypothesizes autoregressive characteristic. Technically, time-varying variance could be captured by ARCH, while that of autoregressive could be taken into account by the ARMA. This study employs the inflation uncertainty to reflect the role of the internal instability on economic growth, and the exchange rate uncertainty to indicate the external instability. The AR(1)-GARCH(0,1) model is appropriately estimated the inflation and its residual is taken as its uncertainty. On the other hand, the naive OLS-GARCH(1,1) is the most suitable model to estimate the value of Thai baht and the unobserved portion is treated as its uncertainty. Finally, the economic growth is thus explored under the growth model framework with the Cobb-Douglas production form. The empirical results show that AR(|2|) equation appears to be the most suitable model compared to others. These findings suggest that the government should implement promotion measures to attract foreign direct investment. In addition, labor productivity issue should be taken care of by the adjustment in education curriculum and on-the-job training. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 88-88 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=022&rid=10942 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9210942 Classification-JEL: O00, O10 Keywords: ARCH, Cobb-Douglas production, economic growth, uncertainty Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9210942 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Manveen Singh Author-Name-First: Manveen Author-Name-Last: Singh Author-Email: msingh@jgu.edu.in Author-Workplace-Name: Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University Title: TRACING THE EVOLUTION OF STANDARDS AND STANDARDS-SETTING ORGANIZATIONS IN THE ICT ERA Abstract: Standards and standards-setting organizations (SSOs) have played a crucial role in shaping the innovation landscape for over three decades, especially in the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector. The advancement in mobile telecommunication and the Internet has led to a fundamental change in the way individuals communicate with each other. Devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and smart watches bear complex mechanical and technological features and perform multiple functionalities by connecting seamlessly. However, in order for the interoperability of these devices and their functionalities to come through, there is a requirement of a common set of specifications and interfaces, in the form of standards. Standards are widely acknowledged to be the mainstay of modern economy and can lead to an increase in the value of consumer products, as well as increased rates of innovation. The setting of standards and commercializing of innovation at large is facilitated by voluntary associations called SSOs. Competing firms come together under the auspices of SSOs to collaboratively select and adopt uniform technical standards. It is worth noting that the benefits brought about by these standards have a greater visibility in the ICT sector, primarily on account of two reasons. First, in order to make complex technologies work, there is a requirement of hundreds of thousands of patents. Second, there is a strong need for devices and networks to interoperate in the ICT sector, which makes it absolutely necessary to develop common technical standards.SSOs are further tasked with the responsibility of fostering a regime of rapid technological innovation by balancing the interests of their members; their membership comprising of patent owners or standard essential patent (SEP) holders on one hand and implementers or licensees on the other. While the patent owners are involved in research and development (R&D) and look to maximize their earnings from licensing out their SEPs, the implementers look to seek licenses from SEP holders on terms that are fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND), in order to use the patented technology in the manufacturing of standard-compliant end-use products. There is yet, a third category of member companies that are vertically integrated and besides owning SEPs, also operate actively in the downstream market. As members of SSOs, these firms compete in the market on both, horizontal and vertical levels, which gives rise to a possible likelihood of collusion albeit theoretically. It is because of this aspect of standard-setting, that the role of SSOs becomes extremely important.A pertinent question that arises then is, what are SSOs and how do they function? Furthermore, what is the legality of SSOs and how have they helped in the evolution of industry standards? In an attempt to answer the aforementioned questions, the focus of this paper shall center around standardization and standard-setting organizations, while tracing the evolution of standards and standard-setting activities in the ICT sector. Length: 2 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 89-90 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=023&rid=10815 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9210815 Classification-JEL: O30 Keywords: Standards, standardization, SSO, patents, SEP, technology Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9210815 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Harriet Stranahan Author-Name-First: Harriet Author-Name-Last: Stranahan Author-Email: hstranah@unf.edu Author-Workplace-Name: University of North Florida Author-Name: Mary Beal Author-Name-First: Mary Author-Name-Last: Beal Author-Email: mary.beal@unf.edu Author-Workplace-Name: University of North Florida Author-Name: Mary Borg Author-Name-First: Mary Author-Name-Last: Borg Author-Email: Mary.Borg@unf.edu Author-Workplace-Name: University of North Florida Title: An Unfortunate Effect of Rising Tuition Costs: Soaring Debt for Vulnerable Students Abstract: The cost of college tuition has increased by over 300% since 2000, far outpacing rising prices of virtually all other goods and services in the US, including healthcare. Unfortunately for nearly 70% of undergraduates in the US, their student loan debt has increased even faster, outpacing both rising auto and credit card debt. A student with an average loan debt of over $35,000 typically carries this debt for more than 2 decades, is less likely to save for retirement or buy a home, and with disastrous financial consequences fully 25% default on their student loans. Significant media attention has highlighted the magnitude and some of the consequences of rising student debt, yet we know little about the characteristics that make students vulnerable to accumulating so much debt. This study provides new information about the characteristics and circumstances of students at risk for high loan debt. We estimate a selection bias corrected regression using a sample of more than 13,500 graduates from large public university in the United States. We find that the decision to take out student loans and the amount of debt accrued differs across income, ethnicity, support networks and chosen major. Interestingly, our results show new information about a billion dollar publicly funded program in Florida, Florida Bright Futures Scholarship (FBF). We find that FBF plays a key role in reducing recipient?s debt burdens. Whereas previous research has shown the merit-based FBF scholarships benefit higher income households disproportionately, our results show it is the lower income households that benefit most from FBF in terms or reduced loan burdens at graduation. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 91-91 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=024&rid=11398 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211398 Classification-JEL: D00, L38 Keywords: Microeconomics, Public Finance, Student Loan Debt Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211398 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: KÁROLY SZÓKA Author-Name-First: KÁROLY Author-Name-Last: SZÓKA Author-Email: szoka.karoly@uni-sopron.hu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sopron, Institute of Finance and Accounting Author-Name: BRIGITTA KOVÁCS Author-Name-First: BRIGITTA Author-Name-Last: KOVÁCS Author-Email: brigi.kovacs@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sopron, István Széchenyi Management and Organizational Sciences Doctoral School Title: Controlling as driving force at today?s dynamic changing companies Abstract: The task of controlling is to support the management with reports, forecasts and analyses in order to be able to take economically rational decisions. In today?s fast changing economic and information technological environment the management has to react rapidly. This means new challenges for controlling. Due to digitalization, even more real time data is available, can be stored and shared fast. This lead to a change of controlling processes. The focus of reports changed from analysing past figures to current and future trends. Controlling become the strategic early warning system of the companies. This changes the role of controllers, as it is transforming into business partners of management, and also new roles, like Data Scientist will turn up and new skills are needed. Controlling support management to take more adequate decisions, what secure the long-term survival of the company, so in an indirect way the transformation of controlling is a driving force of the companies at today?s dynamically changing environment. Length: 9 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 92-100 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=025&rid=12124 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9212124 Classification-JEL: M49, O11, O20 Keywords: controlling, driving force, changing environment, digitalization Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9212124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Károly SZÓKA Author-Name-First: Károly Author-Name-Last: SZÓKA Author-Email: szoka.karoly@uni-sopron.hu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Sopron Alexandre Lamfalussy Faculty of Economics Title: Process orientation in the modern controlling Abstract: The controlling is a combination of the target-oriented control activity, the used methods and other soft factors as well. The controlling is constantly changing because it always must meet the current challenges. Each company receives and generates a lot of data, Big Data and Data Mining help in predictive, secure and user-friendly analysis. One of the most important trend is the Industry 4.0 and the compliance to the Digital Business Models through intelligent networks and Cyber-Physical Systems. The controller is responsible for identifying and evaluating the business changes and requirements; so he will support the management in the implementation of it. We are reviewing the importance of the Industry 4.0 and how have to develop the process orientation of controlling at the modern Digital Business Models. In the paper, we will illustrate how can be achieved it by taking into account the Industry 4.0 strategy and how digitalisation can help. Length: 8 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 101-108 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=026&rid=12125 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9212125 Classification-JEL: L21, M10, O30 Keywords: Controlling, Industry 4.0, Process orientation, Digital Business Model Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9212125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Yuki Takeyama Author-Name-First: Yuki Author-Name-Last: Takeyama Author-Email: yuki319takeyama@yahoo.co.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science Author-Name: Katsunori Fujii Author-Name-First: Katsunori Author-Name-Last: Fujii Author-Email: fujii@aitech.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science Author-Name: Toshiro Sakai Author-Name-First: Toshiro Author-Name-Last: Sakai Author-Email: sakai@isc.chubu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Chube University Author-Name: Nozomi Tanaka Author-Name-First: Nozomi Author-Name-Last: Tanaka Author-Email: tanaka-n@tokaigakuen-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Tokaigakuen University Author-Name: Yuki Kani Author-Name-First: Yuki Author-Name-Last: Kani Author-Email: kani-y@tokaigakuin-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Yusaku Ogura Author-Name-First: Yusaku Author-Name-Last: Ogura Author-Email: ogura-yusaku@chubu-gu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Title: Search for Obesity Cutoff Value Based on Health Information: Analysis from BMI fluctuation Abstract: Obesity refers to a state in which excessive fat is accumulated in the body. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), people with a body mass index (BMI) of ?25 are taken to be obese. This is the standard indicating increased risk of diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke attributable to obesity. That is, it is considered to be an indicator below which risk is inhibited and people can live in health. However, the critical point for risk affecting health is not clear. If the risks associated with health information could be analyzed by degree of obesity, it may be possible to identify a cut-off value for obesity. In this study we assessed the level of health risk based on BMI fluctuations, calculated the mean health information values for each unit of BMI from 14 to 34, and analyzed fluctuations in each health information item based on BMI fluctuation. The results showed that the risk from blood pressure and maximum oxygen uptake increased together with fluctuations in BMI. With this it is thought that a new cutoff point for obesity risk can be established. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 109-109 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=027&rid=11463 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211463 Classification-JEL: I00, I10, I12 Keywords: Obesity, Health Information, BMI Fluctuation, Cutoff Value Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nozomi Tanaka Author-Name-First: Nozomi Author-Name-Last: Tanaka Author-Email: tanaka-n@tokaigakuen-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Tokai Gauen University Author-Name: Katsunori Fujii Author-Name-First: Katsunori Author-Name-Last: Fujii Author-Email: fujii@aitech.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate school of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Author-Name: Toshiro Sakai Author-Name-First: Toshiro Author-Name-Last: Sakai Author-Email: sakai@isc.chubu.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Chubu University Author-Name: Yuki Kani Author-Name-First: Yuki Author-Name-Last: Kani Author-Email: kani-y@tokaigakuin-u.ac.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate school of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology Title: Issues in physical fitness of contemporary Japanese boys judged with evaluation criteria for the past Abstract: In this study, evaluation criteria for physique and physical fitness in early childhood were constructed with consideration of age-related changes. The wavelet interpolation model was used for data from young children in 1979, when physical fitness was at a high level in postwar Japan. This evaluation chart was then used to investigate the kinds of problems that could be indicated in the physical development of young children today, by evaluating their physique and physical fitness. Physical fitness was evaluated in 2,014 boys in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Height, weight, 20 m dash, standing long jump, and tennis ball throw were measured from April to June, 2009. In constructing evaluation criteria for the past, data collected in 1979 for the same items as above were used. The subjects were 2,397 boys in Aichi Prefecture. An age-related change curve with a 5-step evaluation by age was drawn for the collected measurement data using the wavelet interpolation model, and an evaluation chart was constructed. The results showed that height was shorter at 3 years of age in 2009 than in 1979, but that later there was a tendency for height to catch up with that in 1979 with age. It is conjectured that this shows a faster maturation speed in boys compared with 30 years ago. There was more scattering in the lower level of the running and jumping ability aspects of physical fitness, while in throwing ability the level was obviously low at all ages. The results of this study indicate that issues related to the growth and development of young children today are underdevelopment in relation to the continuous display of leg muscle strength and innervation for alternating right and left movement of the arms and legs, immaturity in coordinated movement between the arms, trunk and legs, and low instantaneous muscle strength of the arms. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 110-110 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=028&rid=11545 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211545 Classification-JEL: I00, I10, I19 Keywords: age-related change, declining physical fitness in children, wavelet interpolation method Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211545 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Margaret Ngan Fung Tang Author-Name-First: Margaret Ngan Fung Author-Name-Last: Tang Author-Email: nftang@ipm.edu.mo Author-Workplace-Name: Macao Polytechnic Institute (MPI) Title: A Parallel Study of the Corporate Social Responsibility Engagements for the Hotel and Gaming Enterprises in an Emerging Economy ? Hong Kong and Macao Perspectives Abstract: This study explored the evolving controversial subject of Corporate Social Responsibility engagements effect in an emerging economy based on the Hong Kong & Macao perspectives. The research proposed to examine and review the rationale and experiences of the CSR engagements by two hotel-gaming enterprises in Hong Kong and Macao. The research methodology adopted a mixed-qualitative approach. The qualitative content analysis drew on data from interviews, live forum presentation reporting and desktop studies embedded the non-participation observation approaches.The study findings identified the direct and indirect motives and outcomes of the management views and general public perceived relevance in the CSR engagements. The results implied that the hotel enterprise's management took an outside-in approach to weight the CSR programs from one?s own internal intent. The hotel enterprise's CSR engagement levels reflected that the top management linked the enterprise's direction and business performance versus the long term CSR objectives for the local community. The initial good intent can be misaligned from the CSR outcomes. The management board values and norms played a key role in endorsing the voluntary CSR engagements and practices in order to comply with the imposed government policy or regulation. In addition, the CSR awareness among employees were relatively lower while the marketing unit inserted inadequate effort to advocate CSR, versus the management board proactively announced details in the annual management reporting to nurture positive public perception. The research findings provide thoughts of the latent evolving reality to the contextual CSR engagements in the emerging economies inputted to the business management implications. Length: 1 page Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 111-111 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=029&rid=11041 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211041 Classification-JEL: M19 Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), CSR engagement, hotel-gaming enterprise Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211041 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Elda Xhumari Author-Name-First: Elda Author-Name-Last: Xhumari Author-Email: elda.xhumari@fshn.edu.al Author-Workplace-Name: University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Informatics Author-Name: Julian Fejzaj Author-Name-First: Julian Author-Name-Last: Fejzaj Author-Email: eldaxhumari@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Informatics Title: Usage of artificial neural networks in data classification Abstract: Data classification is broadly defined as the process of organizing data by respective categories so that it can be used and protected more efficiently. Data classification is performed for different purposes, one of the most common is for preserving data privacy. Data classification often includes a number of attributes, determining the type of data, confidentiality, and integrity. Neural networks help solve different problems. They are very good at data classification problems, they can classify any data with arbitrary precision. Length: 6 pages Creation-Date: 2019-07 Publication-Status: Published in Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 47th International Academic Conference, Prague, Jul 2019, pages 112-117 File-URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/iises-international-academic-conference-prague/table-of-content/detail?cid=92&iid=030&rid=11565 File-Function: First version, 2019 Number: 9211565 Classification-JEL: C45 Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks, Data Classification, Naďve Bayes, Discriminant Analysis, Nearest Neighbor Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211565