Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yasin Ç?LHOROZ Author-Name-First: Yasin Author-Name-Last: Ç?LHOROZ Author-Email: yasin.cilhoroz@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Cuma SON?UR Author-Name-First: Cuma Author-Name-Last: SON?UR Author-Email: cuma.songur@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Mehmet GÖZLÜ Author-Name-First: Mehmet Author-Name-Last: GÖZLÜ Author-Email: mgozlu04@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Author-Name: Murat KONCA Author-Name-First: Murat Author-Name-Last: KONCA Author-Email: konca71@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe University Title: Mergers And Acquisit?ons In Pharmaceutical Industry As A Growth Strategy: An Investigation Upon Practice Abstract: Until the begining of 1990s, firms had been looking ways to attain the competitive advantage and increase their profitabilites depending on it by realizing economies of scale or benefiting from market failure. Nowadays, with the impact of globalization, particularly great companies have started to purchase other firms or merge with them as a growth strategy. Pharmaceutical industry has the first place where the mergers and acquisitions occur mostly. Among the drives that leads pharmaceutical firms to mergers or acquisitions; high costs of research and development, economies of scale, motivation for new markets, efforts to improve the existing marketing possibilities, trying to keep up with competition can be counted. The aim of this study is to discuss mergers and acqusisitions in pharmaceutical sector and to evaluate global pharmaceutical industry in this terms. Classification-JEL: F23, G34, L65 Keywords: Merger, Acquisition, Growth Strategy, Pharmaceutical Industry Journal: International Journal of Business and Management Pages: 1-12 Volume: 4 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: August File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-798 File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-798?download=1 Handle: RePEc:sek:jijobm:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:1-12 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tamiru Deresa Author-Name-First: Tamiru Author-Name-Last: Deresa Author-Email: girmaa65@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ambo university Title: Export Marketing Practices, Problems and Prospects of Oromia Coffee Farmers? Cooperative Union. In Ethiopia Abstract: The study was conducted on export marketing practices, problems and prospective of oromia coffee farmers cooperative union in Ethiopia. The union is the biggest coffee union in the country. The objective of the study was to assess the export marketing practices, problem and prospective oromia coffee farmers? cooperative union (OCFCU). The specific objectives of this study are to assess the general export marketing practices followed by sampled cooperatives, to identify the key factors for the success of exporting coffee through cooperatives and to study the problems facing much of export markets. For this study, data were collected through semi structured questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion. The source of the information were the respondents of the primary cooperatives societies that were affiliated to the union, board of directors, general manager of union and key informants. For the study purpose, eight primary cooperative societies affiliated to the union were selected based on purposive sampling through lottery method. In the data analysis method, the author used the descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. As a result, almost all the coffee marketing cooperatives in the study area were performing their business inefficiently. For the last five years the supply of coffee by members to the union was triple on and trickle down due to several factors like weather condition, coffee disease, private coffee traders intervention and absence of loyalty among individual members which makes supply of coffee volume was insignificant. Union?s export volume increases from year to year except in 2010 in which coffee sale amount is decreased from the previous trend. However, the sale value in birr was the highest in the year. The result of the study also shows that the factors which influence union?s export performances are competition, long duration of export document process, coffee quality, export barrier from country destinations, delay in transportation, communication barrier, lack of international market knowledge, export administrative procedures, unofficial fee in export documents processing, incapable to supply coffee in time by members, private traders intervention and delay of shipping. The regression model analysis revealed that, analysis resulted in an R2 =0 .293 suggesting that the six factors ?cooperative-specific characteristics, export marketing strategy, competition, management commitment, export market characteristics and product characteristics? together explained 29.3 percent of the variation in the export marketing performance of oromia coffee farmers? cooperative union OCFCU as explanatory variables. Classification-JEL: D40 Keywords: Export marketing, Cooperatives union, Problems and Prospective Journal: International Journal of Business and Management Pages: 13-36 Volume: 4 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: August File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-264 File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-264?download=2 Handle: RePEc:sek:jijobm:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:13-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cyrus Munyua Author-Name-First: Cyrus Author-Name-Last: Munyua Author-Email: cmmunyua@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Karatina University Title: FACTORS AFFECTING LOAN DEFAULT IN MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN KIRINYAGA COUNTY Abstract: Many rural credit schemes and especially women groups, have sustained heavy losses because of loan Default. This has been in the public domain but little has been done because women groups are registered as social welfare groups which are not regarded as financial institutions or not registered at all and therefore not under the control of Central Bank of Kenya, or the Micro finance regulatory body. The main objective of this study was to find out the factors affecting of loan default in micro finance institutions in Kirinyaga County.It was also worth noting that Microfinance institutions are of two categories i.e. Formal and informal. Formal are those MFI?s which are registered as under the legal and regulatory frameworks, while the informal MFI?s are unregistered and operate like shylocks. This study concentrated on the formal MFI?s in investigating the factors affecting loan default among MFI?s in Kirinyaga County as a dependent variable, whereas the independent variables under this study were: Loan collection procedures, Loan diversion, financial management practices and the amount of loan borrowed by members of women groups affiliated to MFI?S under this study. A target population of 300 employees was used in the study. A sample of 30% was estimated to be picked using simple random sampling for each stratum, which enabled every member of the population have an equal and independent chance of being selected as respondents and also simplest, most convenient and bias free selection method. The data was collected by use of structured and semi-structured questionnaire. The data was then analyzed from questionnaires using both quantitative and qualitative techniques and tabulated by use of frequency tables. The study was intended to find out the factors affecting loan default in MFIs in Kirinyaga County. From the findings, the researcher recommends that strong policies should be implemented in micro-finance institutions for them to do away with the problem of loan default by borrowers. The institutions should put up efficient loan collection procedures which are easy to follow for both the employees and the borrower, also there should be avoidance of loan diversions, efficiency in financial management and the amount of loan borrowed should be strictly monitored and evaluated by the micro finance institutions from time to time. Classification-JEL: M00 Keywords: Loandefault,microfinance institutions,Kirinyaga County,financial management, Grameen Model Journal: International Journal of Business and Management Pages: 37-71 Volume: 4 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: August File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-429 File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-429?download=3 Handle: RePEc:sek:jijobm:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:37-71 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rajnandan Patnaik Author-Name-First: Rajnandan Author-Name-Last: Patnaik Author-Email: rpatnaik@imtnag.ac.in Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Management Technology Title: Capability vs Competency: A Case of Vishpala Prosthetics Abstract: To understand a business, its operations or its competitiveness, it is important to understand the competition and factors of production. These factors help in evaluating the profitability of a firm, its growth prospects and eventual long-term survival. Further, to ensure survival (sustainability) of the firm, it is essential to ascertain the plausible source of competitive advantage, such as core competency. The firm faces with the choice to either build all such required competencies in-house or to somehow acquire them from outside. This paper takes the case of Vishpala Prosthetics and tests the issues of competency in the practical perspective of strategy implementation.The paper converge the two diverging perceptions of the firm, capability versus competency, by analyzing the resource that is valuable to the firm. Classification-JEL: L25, L26, L29 Keywords: Competitive Advantage, Firm Sales, Firm Size, Entrepreneurship, Management Journal: International Journal of Business and Management Pages: 72-87 Volume: 4 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: August File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-267 File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-267?download=4 Handle: RePEc:sek:jijobm:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:72-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: ?árka Prát Author-Name-First: ?árka Author-Name-Last: Prát Author-Email: sarkaprat@seznam.cz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics Author-Name: James Pepper Author-Name-First: James Author-Name-Last: Pepper Author-Email: office@politicsandsociety.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Politics and Society Author-Name: Lisa Nguyen Author-Name-First: Lisa Author-Name-Last: Nguyen Author-Email: office@politicsandsociety.cz Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Politics and Society Title: How to attract high skilled labor? Study case in the United States Abstract: This paper argues that the US immigration system is anachronistic in today?s global economy, where human capital is increasingly crucial for successful advanced economies. It argues that some consensus over reform is certainly possible, and it seeks to understand the reasons behind the failure of previous attempts at reform. It makes a thorough investigation of the dynamics of high-skill immigration to the US through a systems analysis, which is controlled for mid-long term global dynamics and key actor preferences. The systems analysis utilise the latest research in immigration economics to evaluate the relative importance and dynamics of the determinants of the US immigration system. These inputs are mapped and their interactions analysed to determine which changes in US immigration policy would be most beneficial for high-skill immigration. From this analysis, it makes a series of policy prescriptions for reforming US immigration policy to adapt to current and future trends. This policy paper primarily differentiates itself with the significant contribution of allowing policymakers to estimate and react to future trends. It also provides some practical advice on how to achieve these reforms due to its inclusion of sub-models of actor interaction informed by public policy approaches. Classification-JEL: F66, R23, F22 Keywords: labour, United States, migration, labour market, work Journal: International Journal of Business and Management Pages: 88-122 Volume: 4 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: August File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-822 File-URL: https://iises.net/international-journal-of-business-management/publication-detail-822?download=5 Handle: RePEc:sek:jijobm:v:4:y:2016:i:3:p:88-122