Proceedings of the 51st International Academic Conference, Vienna

Dear Authors, Esteemed Readers,

It is with deep satisfaction that I write this Foreword to the Proceedings of the 51st International Academic Conference held in Vienna on September 17 - 20, 2019.

The conference particularly encouraged the interaction of research students and developing academics with the more established academic community in an informal setting to present and to discuss new and current work. Their contributions helped to make the conference as outstanding as it has been.

In addition to the contributed papers, Professor Hettie van der Merwe from the University of South Africa, Pretoria, delivered the keynote speech "A Lifebuoy Environment for Successful Learning in Conditions of Multiple Deprivation: What Are the Basics?".

These Proceedings will furnish the scientists of the world with an excellent reference book. I trust also that this will be an impetus to stimulate further study and research in all these areas.

We thank all authors and participants for their contributions.

Professor Robert Holman 
Director of the IISES